CN113309537A - Integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring - Google Patents
Integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309537A CN113309537A CN202110742700.8A CN202110742700A CN113309537A CN 113309537 A CN113309537 A CN 113309537A CN 202110742700 A CN202110742700 A CN 202110742700A CN 113309537 A CN113309537 A CN 113309537A
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- pilot
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
- F04D25/166—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows using fans
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and a method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring, wherein the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel comprises an advanced tunnel, the advanced tunnel is horizontally arranged, and the advanced tunnel is communicated with a vertical shaft; the track is laid to advance tunnel bottom, and the transportation mine car is installed in the track, and the entrance to a cave in advance tunnel sets up protective structure, and all sets up the efflux fan in advance tunnel and the shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and a method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In the existing large-section mine method tunnel construction, the excavated tunnel part behind the tunnel face is used as a construction channel for the access, ventilation, slag discharge, feeding and escape of an excavation machine. The inventor finds that in the operation mode, the mechanical inlet and outlet of different processes are crossed, the continuity of each construction process is poor, and the working efficiency is low. The existing slag tapping mode is mainly a mode of transporting a slag car outwards, and the slag car and a loading machine need to pass through a working surface with two linings in a circulating mode, so that the construction of the two linings of an excavated tunnel is influenced. And the ventilation mode that at present extensively adopts is for supplying air to the face through the pipeline, pushes away the hole mouth with waste gas reversal in the hole, leads to tunnel construction space air quality poor, has great injury to constructor health, and reverse ventilation inefficiency, and the ventilation time is long. Meanwhile, if accidents such as collapse happen to the existing tunnel, people need to utilize the excavated tunnel to escape to the opening of the hole, once the people are blocked by the collapse body, construction personnel on the face cannot escape, later-stage rescue is extremely difficult, and casualties can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and a method for realizing forward slag-tapping, ventilation, escape and exploration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel for realizing forward deslagging, ventilation and escape exploration, which comprises an advanced tunnel, wherein the advanced tunnel is horizontally arranged and is communicated with a vertical shaft; the track is laid to advance tunnel bottom, and the transportation mine car is installed in the track, and the entrance to a cave in advance tunnel sets up protective structure, and all sets up the efflux fan in advance tunnel and the shaft.
As a further technical scheme, a plurality of jet fans are arranged in the advanced tunnel at intervals, and the jet fans are hung on the top of the advanced tunnel.
As a further technical scheme, the jet fan arranged in the vertical shaft is hung on the side part of the wall of the vertical shaft.
As a further technical scheme, the rail is a splicing rail.
As a further technical scheme, the protective structure adopts a wellhead ring.
As a further technical scheme, the vertical shaft is vertically arranged and extends to the ground.
As a further technical scheme, a shaft lifting device is arranged at the mouth of the shaft.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a construction method of the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
constructing a vertical shaft firstly, drilling an advanced tunnel later and constructing a temporary support;
paving a track in the advanced tunnel, and arranging a protective structure at the tunnel portal of the advanced tunnel;
when the tunnel is excavated, firstly, excavating the upper steps of the tunnel face, transporting the dregs to the vertical shaft through a transport mine car and then lifting the vertical shaft to the ground, transporting the primary support material to the tunnel face through the advanced tunnel, and transporting the secondary lining material to the tunnel face through the built tunnel;
and jet fans are arranged in the vertical shaft and the advanced tunnel.
As a further technical scheme, the process of realizing ventilation is as follows:
and starting jet fans of the vertical shaft and the advanced tunnel, allowing fresh air to enter from the rear of the tunnel face and to be discharged from the vertical shaft along the advanced tunnel, and realizing one-way ventilation of the tunnel.
As a further technical scheme, the process of realizing escape comprises the following steps: when the tunnel face of the tunnel collapses, the trapped constructor escapes towards the vertical shaft through the advance tunnel and then escapes upwards from the vertical shaft.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel, the transport mine car arranged in the advanced tunnel can transport dregs and the like outwards to discharge the dregs, can transport the dregs along the pilot tunnel to the excavation direction, and is lifted to the ground through the vertical shaft, so that the inverted arch and the secondary lining construction of an excavated area are not influenced.
According to the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel, the jet fan is arranged in front of the tunnel and the vertical shaft, air is pumped in from the rear of the tunnel face and is discharged from the vertical shaft along the pilot tunnel, and one-way ventilation is realized. One-way ventilation dust collection efficiency is high, and the smoke and dust is discharged through the pilot tunnel, does not pass through constructor stop region, replaces the ventilation mode of the reverse air of pushing out of tuber pipe air supply to the face at present, and optional dress tail gas collection device of pilot tunnel reduces the dust and discharges into the atmosphere simultaneously.
The integrated tunnel pilot tunnel has small pilot tunnel section, and even if the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel encounters unfavorable geology in the excavation process, serious accidents are not easy to occur. The pilot tunnel is excavated before the main tunnel, can replace advanced drilling, reveals unfavorable geology of tunnel surrounding rock in advance, and provides advanced geological forecast for subsequent main tunnel excavation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an integrated tunnel pilot according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated tunnel pilot according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
in the figure: the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration;
wherein, 1, advance the tunnel; 2. transporting the mine car; 3. a shaft; 4. a shaft hoisting device; 5. a wellhead ring; 6. and a jet fan.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel for realizing forward slag-tapping ventilation escape exploration is provided, which comprises a foretunnel 1 and a vertical shaft 3.
Wherein, advance tunnel 1 horizontal arrangement, shaft 3 vertical setting, and advance tunnel 1 and shaft 3 are linked together, and the shaft extends to ground.
The vertical shaft 3 can be used as a construction channel of the advanced tunnel 1, and the advanced tunnel 1 is used as a slag discharging channel and a feeding channel.
The advanced tunnel can provide advanced geological forecast for tunnel excavation. The inside of the advance tunnel 1 is only temporarily supported, the spliced rail is laid at the bottom of the advance tunnel 1, the transportation mine car 2 is arranged in the advance tunnel 1, and the transportation mine car 2 runs on the spliced rail.
In the scheme, the splicing type track is laid in the advanced tunnel, so that the tunnel is convenient to disassemble. The transport tramcar can adopt a rail car.
In a further embodiment, a protective structure is arranged at the hole of the advanced tunnel 1, and the protective structure can support and protect the hole of the advanced tunnel; in this embodiment, the protective structure arranged in advance in the tunnel 1 adopts a wellhead ring 5.
The advanced tunnel adopts a small-diameter shield to tunnel, a wellhead ring arranged at the cave entrance is a movable rigid wellhead ring, and the wellhead is supported by the rigid wellhead ring to prevent collapse.
In this scheme, the well head circle is the active structure, can move along with main hole excavation to can play the protection to its entrance to a cave position along with the excavation in tunnel.
In a further embodiment, the jet fans 6 are arranged in the advance tunnel 1 and the vertical shaft 3, a plurality of jet fans can be arranged in the advance tunnel 1 at intervals, and the jet fans are hung on the top of the advance tunnel; the jet fan arranged in the vertical shaft can be hung on the side part of the wall of the vertical shaft. Through the setting of efflux fan, can guarantee the ventilation effect in tunnel.
In a further embodiment, the shaft wellhead is provided with a shaft hoisting device 4, the shaft hoisting device 4 is a conventional shaft hoisting device, which is not described herein again, and the shaft hoisting device can hoist the muck and the like to the ground.
The invention can solve the problems of low efficiency, unsmooth ventilation, difficult escape and the like of the conventional large-section mine tunnel circulation construction.
The invention also provides a construction method of the integrated tunnel pilot tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
constructing a vertical shaft 3 firstly, drilling the advanced tunnel 1 later and constructing a temporary support, and recording the quality of surrounding rocks during the drilling process of the advanced tunnel 1;
paving a splicing track in the advanced tunnel 1, and arranging a wellhead ring 5 at the portal of the advanced tunnel;
when the tunnel is excavated, firstly, the tunnel face is excavated to form steps, dregs are transported to a vertical shaft 3 through a transport mine car 2 and are lifted to the ground through a vertical shaft lifting device 4, the primary support material is transported to the tunnel face through the advanced tunnel, and the secondary lining material is transported to the tunnel face through the built tunnel;
and jet fans 6 are arranged in the vertical shaft and the advanced tunnel.
In the construction method, the process of realizing ventilation is as follows:
and starting jet fans of the vertical shaft and the advance tunnel, wherein the jet fans can realize ventilation of the tunnel, and fresh air enters from the rear of the tunnel face and is discharged from the vertical shaft along the advance tunnel.
In the construction method, the process of realizing escape is as follows:
the advanced tunnel can replace the commonly adopted escape steel pipe at present, and when the tunnel face collapses, the trapped constructor can escape towards the vertical shaft direction through the advanced tunnel and then escape upwards from the vertical shaft.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated tunnel pilot tunnel for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring is characterized by comprising an advanced tunnel, wherein the advanced tunnel is horizontally arranged and is communicated with a vertical shaft; the track is laid to advance tunnel bottom, and the transportation mine car is installed in the track, and the entrance to a cave in advance tunnel sets up protective structure, and all sets up the efflux fan in advance tunnel and the shaft.
2. The integrated tunnel pilot tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of jet flow fans are arranged at intervals in the advanced tunnel, and the jet flow fans are hung on the top of the advanced tunnel.
3. The integrated tunnel pilot tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the jet fan arranged in the vertical shaft is hung on the side part of the wall of the vertical shaft.
4. An integrated tunnel guide according to claim 1, wherein the rails are spliced rails.
5. An integrated tunnel pilot according to claim 1, wherein the shield structure is a wellhead collar.
6. An integrated tunnel pilot according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is vertically disposed, the shaft extending to the ground.
7. An integrated tunnel pilot according to claim 1 or 6, characterised in that the shaft wellhead is provided with shaft hoisting equipment.
8. The construction method of an integrated tunnel pilot tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
constructing a vertical shaft firstly, drilling an advanced tunnel later and constructing a temporary support;
paving a track in the advanced tunnel, and arranging a protective structure at the tunnel portal of the advanced tunnel;
when the tunnel is excavated, firstly, excavating the upper steps of the tunnel face, transporting the dregs to the vertical shaft through a transport mine car and then lifting the vertical shaft to the ground, transporting the primary support material to the tunnel face through the advanced tunnel, and transporting the secondary lining material to the tunnel face through the built tunnel;
and jet fans are arranged in the vertical shaft and the advanced tunnel.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein the ventilation is achieved by:
and starting jet fans of the vertical shaft and the advanced tunnel, allowing fresh air to enter from the rear of the tunnel face and to be discharged from the vertical shaft along the advanced tunnel, and realizing one-way ventilation of the tunnel.
10. The construction method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the escape is achieved by: when the tunnel face of the tunnel collapses, the trapped constructor escapes towards the vertical shaft through the advance tunnel and then escapes upwards from the vertical shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110742700.8A CN113309537B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110742700.8A CN113309537B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Integrated tunnel pilot tunnel and method for realizing forward slag-discharging, ventilating, escaping and exploring |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113309537A true CN113309537A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
| CN113309537B CN113309537B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02104899A (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-17 | Fuji Bussan Kk | Lining device for tunnel |
| DE10009734A1 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-15 | Rud Otto Meyer Gmbh & Co Kg | Process and extraction system for venting or smoke evacuation in a tunnel |
| JP2010163830A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-29 | Daiei Koki Kk | Mold for tunnel lining |
| CN107023300A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-08 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | A kind of use canopy, which is defended the doctrine, builds the construction method of subway station |
| CN206942801U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-30 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Tunnel automatic ventilation control system |
| CN108343455A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-31 | 浙江省隧道工程公司 | Binary channels underground chamber construction method |
| CN109751076A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-14 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | For being equipped with the escape structure and its escape method of the horizontal tunnel of deep shaft |
| CN109882186A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-14 | 长安大学 | A kind of structure of the window of vcehicular tunnel and the method for unidirectionally appearing in tunnel |
| CN209339992U (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-09-03 | 中国有色集团抚顺红透山矿业有限公司 | A kind of mine down-hole aid circulation system |
| CN112780329A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-11 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction ventilation method for vertical shaft assisted parallel three-hole method tunnel |
-
2021
- 2021-06-30 CN CN202110742700.8A patent/CN113309537B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02104899A (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-17 | Fuji Bussan Kk | Lining device for tunnel |
| DE10009734A1 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-15 | Rud Otto Meyer Gmbh & Co Kg | Process and extraction system for venting or smoke evacuation in a tunnel |
| JP2010163830A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-29 | Daiei Koki Kk | Mold for tunnel lining |
| CN107023300A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-08 | 中铁十六局集团地铁工程有限公司 | A kind of use canopy, which is defended the doctrine, builds the construction method of subway station |
| CN206942801U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-01-30 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Tunnel automatic ventilation control system |
| CN108343455A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-07-31 | 浙江省隧道工程公司 | Binary channels underground chamber construction method |
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| CN109882186A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-14 | 长安大学 | A kind of structure of the window of vcehicular tunnel and the method for unidirectionally appearing in tunnel |
| CN112780329A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-11 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction ventilation method for vertical shaft assisted parallel three-hole method tunnel |
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| CN113309537B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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