CN113308624A - 一种锌合金增材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种锌合金增材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000008127 lead poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 cobalt-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten-silicon Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
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Abstract
本发明提供一种锌合金增材及其制备方法,其锌合金增材,按重量百分比计,包括锌>90%;铝1%‑7%;镁0.1%‑2%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。本发明提供的锌合金增材及其制备方法得到的锌合金具有高弹性低熔点的优点。能够较好的用于制备珠宝。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于锌合金技术领域,具体涉及一种锌合金增材及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,首饰已经成为现代人们日常生活中不可缺少的一部分,各式各样的饰品充斥着人们的生活。近年来,随着人们对美好幸福生活水平的渴望,对首饰的相关性能更是提出了更高的要求。
目前,金属首饰以含铅为制作原料的居多,更加注重首饰品的外观、造型及实用性能。但是,铅质首饰在制作和使用过程中,污染环境,会对人的身体健康造成极大的危害,甚至会造成铅中毒,特别是慢性铅中毒具其它中毒之首。因此,国际市场严格限制铅质首饰的制造与销售。但是以银或铜为主的首饰价格较贵,成本较高。并且,容易氧化变黑是这些银及银合金面临的一个共同问题。特别地,这些银饰品在佩戴时与人体汗液、空气中的硫化氢和氧气等接触时,容易被腐蚀氧化,从而产生发黑、色泽不均等问题。CN109778013A公开了一种变色性能可逆的耐腐蚀银锌合金及其变色工艺和应用,可解决银合金的耐腐蚀性问题。但是该方案中依然含有至少35%的银元素,并不能够较好的减少锌合金的成本,并且其虽然能够解决变色的问题,但是熔点较高,不利于生产制备,耗能较大。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的总体背景技术的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种高弹性低熔点的锌合金增材及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种锌合金增材,按重量百分比计,包括锌>90%;铝1%-7%;镁0.1%-2%;铅≤0.004%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
优选地,按重量百分比计,所述锌90%-98%。
优选地,按重量百分比计,所述锌90%-95%;铝3%-5%;镁0.1%-0.6%;
优选地,按重量百分比计,所述锌93.1%-93.5%;铝3.9%-4.3%;镁0.3%-0.6%。
优选地,所述锌合金增材可用于制备饰品。
本发明还提供一种锌合金增材,按重量百分比计,由如下成分组成:锌>70%;铝1%-7%;镁0.1%-2%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
本发明还提供一种锌合金增材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述锌合金增材的配方元素在真空炉中进行抽真空,然后升温熔化,得到金属液体;
(2)将所述金属液体输送入紧耦式喷盘破碎雾化,雾化的过程中通入惰性气体,所述惰性气体的流量为每小时2000-4000立方米;
(3)雾化后得到的物料进入冷却塔中飞行冷却;
(4)采用旋风分离装置对冷却塔底部收集的物料进行分离。
优选地,所述冷却塔的塔径为1750mm-1850mm,塔高为8000mm-10000mm。
优选地,所述升温熔化的温度为460℃-480℃。
优选地,所述步骤(4)后还包括过筛分离、冷模压制成型和真空烧结的步骤,所述真空烧结的温度为120-160℃。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,抽真空的压力为-5至-20Pa。
本发明提供的锌合金增材及其制备方法得到的锌合金具有高弹性低熔点的优点。
附图说明
通过附图中所示的本发明优选实施例更具体说明,本发明上述及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加清晰。在全部附图中相同的附图标记指示相同的部分,且并未刻意按实际尺寸等比例缩放绘制附图,重点在于示出本的主旨。
图1为本发明实施例提供的锌合金增材的制备方法流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步的详细描述,以使本领域的技术人员可以更好的理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
参考图1,本发明实施例提供一种锌合金增材,按重量百分比计,包括锌>90%;铝1%-7%;镁0.1%-2%;铅≤0.004%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
本实施例制备得到的锌合金增材外观为实心球状,密度:7.2-7.8±0.2g/cm3;后伸长率≥2%;0.2%规定非比例延伸强度≥180Mpa;维氏硬度:135±27;熔化温度:460-480±20℃;氧含量:100-150±10pp;流动性:16.2s(霍尔流速);粒度分布:15-53um。
本实施例提供的锌合金增材通过一定比例的铝元素,一定比例的镁元素加入锌合金中,实现制备得到锌合金增材具有较高的弹性和较低的熔点,具有较好的加工性能,能够较好的作为用于制备饰品,尤其是用于制备珠宝。
在优选实施例中,按重量百分比计,所述锌90%-98%,铅0.001%-0.004%。
在优选实施例中,按重量百分比计,所述锌90%-95%;铝3%-5%;镁0.1%-0.6%。
在优选实施例中,按重量百分比计,所述93.1%-93.5%;铝3.9%-4.3%;镁0.3%-0.6%。
本发明还提供一种锌合金增材,按重量百分比计,由如下成分组成:锌>70%;铝1%-7%;铅≤0.004%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。本实施例提供的锌合金不需要银元素和铜元素的复配也能够实现较好的作为饰品的合金材料。
本发明还提供一种锌合金增材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述锌合金增材的配方元素在真空炉中进行抽真空,然后升温熔化,得到金属液体;
(2)将所述金属液体输送入紧耦式喷盘破碎雾化,雾化的过程中通入惰性气体,所述惰性气体的流量为每小时2000-4000立方米;
(3)雾化后得到的物料进入冷却塔中飞行冷却成型;
(4)采用旋风分离装置对冷却塔抽空气体中残留的物料进行分离。
本实施例通过紧耦式喷盘破碎雾化实现较好的细化粉末效果,同时通过在雾化的过程中高速通入惰性气体,实现颗粒含氧量较低的效果。并且高速通入惰性气体还能够起到雾化金属破碎的作用,配合锌合金的合金配方,实现制备得到的锌合金增材具有较好的性能,能够用于制备金属饰品。
本实施例通过冷却塔进行飞行冷却,以及旋风分离装置进行分离,不仅制备先进,成本较低,并且能够较好的实现小颗粒粉末制备,实现制备的合金粉末粒径较小,并且粒径均一。保证产品为实心球形粉末,保证较好的产品成型,使得合金性能较好。
本实施例提供的钴铬钼钨硅合金的制备方法制备得到的锌合金增材粒径较均匀,呈细球状,粒径较小。且制备方法成熟,使用设备先进,节省能耗。
在优选实施例中,所述冷却塔的塔径为1750mm-1850mm,塔高为8000mm-10000mm。
在优选实施例中,所述升温熔化的温度为460℃-480℃。
在优选实施例中,所述步骤(4)后还包括过筛分离、冷模压制成型和真空烧结的步骤。
在优选实施例中,所述步骤(1)中,抽真空的压力为-5Pa至-20Pa。
参考图1,在优选实施例中,制备方法具体包括如下步骤:
S1精细优质滤料及配料;
S2投料100KG;
S3通入真空炉中进行抽真空,抽真空的压力为-10Pa;
S4升温熔化,升温熔化的温度为460℃-480℃;
S5放金属液体;
S51以每小时2000-4000立方米的流量通入惰性气体;
S6紧耦式喷盘破碎雾化;金属液体和惰性气体同时通入雾化装置中进行雾化。
S7在塔径为1750mm-1850mm,塔高为8000mm-10000mm的冷却塔飞行冷却;
S8旋风分离对冷切塔抽真空气体中物料进行分离;
S9收储塔底物料;
S10三级过筛粒度分离;
S11冷模压制成型,冷模压制成型的压力为:80-100吨;
S12真空烧结,真空烧结温度为120-160℃。
S13产品质量检测;
S14产品包装。
为了对本发明的技术方案能有更进一步的了解和认识,现列举几个较佳实施例对其做进一步详细说明。
参照表1的配方制备实施例1-3的锌合金增材,其中配方按照重量百分比计。
表1
实施例1-3的制备方法如下:
按照表1的配方进行配料,投料1000kg至真空炉中,采用-10Pa的压力进行抽真空,抽真空后的物料在熔炼炉中进行升温熔化,升温温度为460℃-480℃,得到金属液体。件将金属液体通入紧耦式雾化喷盘装置中进行破碎雾化,同时向紧耦式雾化喷盘中通入超高速惰性气体(氮气),超高速惰性气体的通入流量为每小时3000立方米。雾化后的物料通入冷却塔中进行飞行冷却,冷却塔的塔径为1800mm,塔高为9000mm。采用旋风分离装置对冷却塔底部收集的物料进行分离,收集粒径较小的颗粒,然后进行三级过筛粒度分离,将收集到的物料进行冷模压制成型,冷模压制成型的压力为:80-100吨,冷模压制成型后进行真空烧结,真空烧结温度为120-160℃,得到锌合金增材。该合金增材外观为实心球状。
效果实施例
2.将实施例1-3制备得到的锌合金增材进行性能测试。其中包括密度、断后伸长率、0.2%规定非比例延伸强度、维氏硬度、熔化温度、氧含量、流动性和粒度分布。
得到的测试结果如表2所示。
表2
由表2的数据可以看出,本实施例1-3制备得到的锌合金增材具有较高的弹性,较高的熔点,能够较好的应用于制备珠宝,为珠宝的制备提供更多的材料选择。并且该锌合金增材性能较好,成本较低,具有较大的应用价值。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种锌合金增材,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,包括锌>90%;铝1%-7%;镁0.1%-2%;铅≤0.004%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
2.如权利要求1所述的锌合金增材,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,所述锌90%-95%;铝3%-5%;镁0.1%-0.6%。
3.如权利要求1所述的锌合金增材,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,所述锌93.1%-93.5%;铝3.9%-4.3%;镁0.3%-0.6%。
4.如权利要求1所述的锌合金增材,其特征在于,所述锌合金增材可用于制备饰品。
5.一种锌合金增材,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,由如下成分组成:锌>70%;铝1%-7%;镁0.1%-2%;氧<0.8%;铁<0.8%;碳<0.8%;杂质<2%,其中,上述各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的锌合金增材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述锌合金增材的配方元素在真空炉中进行抽真空,然后升温熔化,得到金属液体;
(2)将所述金属液体输送入紧耦式喷盘破碎雾化,雾化的过程中通入惰性气体,所述惰性气体的流量为每小时2000-4000立方米;
(3)雾化后得到的物料进入冷却塔中飞行冷却成型;
(4)采用旋风分离装置对冷却塔底部收集的物料进行分离。
7.如权利要求6所述的锌合金增材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述冷却塔的塔径为1750mm-1850mm,塔高为8000mm-10000mm。
8.如权利要求6所述的锌合金增材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述升温熔化的温度为460℃-480℃。
9.如权利要求6所述的锌合金增材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)后还包括过筛分离、冷模压制成型和真空烧结的步骤,所述真空烧结温度为120-160℃。
10.如权利要求6所述的锌合金增材的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,抽真空的压力为-5至-20Pa。
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CN116162824A (zh) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-26 | 保定奥琦圣新型金属材料制造有限公司 | 一种含Mo、Cr的新型锌铝镁合金及其生产方法 |
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