CN113291988A - Maintenance method for maintaining a crane - Google Patents
Maintenance method for maintaining a crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN113291988A CN113291988A CN202110150749.4A CN202110150749A CN113291988A CN 113291988 A CN113291988 A CN 113291988A CN 202110150749 A CN202110150749 A CN 202110150749A CN 113291988 A CN113291988 A CN 113291988A
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- maintenance
- crane
- monitoring system
- drive
- threshold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/40—Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/48—Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Programme control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/52—Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/52—Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins
- B66C13/54—Operator's stands or cabins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
A maintenance method for maintaining a crane (1) comprising a monitoring system linked to a drive (2) arranged to allow a plurality of motorized drives, said maintenance method being characterized in that it implements the following steps: a step of changing the configuration by means of a maintenance control system to switch the crane into a maintenance configuration, wherein the motorized drive is initially blocked by a monitoring system; a selection step for selecting, by means of a maintenance module (5) connected to the monitoring system, a maintenance maneuver whose drive is initially blocked from the plurality of maneuvers; an unlocking step, in which the monitoring system unlocks the maintenance-motorized drive; and a step for driving the maintenance maneuver by means of a driving device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a maintenance method for maintaining a crane.
The invention also relates to a crane and a service assembly suitable for implementing such a service method.
Background
In the field of cranes, for example tower cranes with masts supporting a boom and adapted to move a load, maintenance maneuvers are often required on cranes that have already been assembled and installed in motion at an operating site.
Such maintenance operations may occur, for example, in the event of technical problems, with the aim of repairing and retrofitting the crane, so as to prevent it from running, or with the aim of preventively preventing it from being damaged, causing its operating performance to deteriorate.
In order to perform such maintenance maneuvers on the crane, the crane's job site must be visited with the crane operator by a maintenance technician trained, for example, by the crane manufacturer: the crane operator drives some manoeuvre of the crane from a cockpit, usually located at a higher position on the mast of the crane, on request of a service technician who can observe the operation of the crane, determine possible technical problems and perform the necessary repairs.
Thus, during these maintenance maneuvers, the maintenance technician may be exposed to the movement of the crane movable parts (e.g., movement of the boom, etc.): thus, during maneuvers driven by the crane operator, there is a risk that the service technician will be hit by the movable parts of the crane.
Several devices are known in the prior art discussion that allow for improved safety of maintenance technicians during maintenance operations.
For example, patent document CN201753235 describes a crane that can be configured by a switcher between a working configuration in which the crane can operate normally and a maintenance configuration in which the crane is not allowed to move: by switching the crane to the maintenance configuration before the maintenance technician intervenes in the crane, the safety of the technician is ensured.
However, when the crane is in the maintenance configuration, the maintenance technician cannot observe the operation of the crane nor determine the repairs to be carried out: switching the crane to the maintenance configuration can result in inconvenient and cumbersome maintenance operations.
A part of the patent document CN207566749 describes a device capable of detecting the presence of a maintenance technician in a hazardous area and subsequently automatically blocking or limiting the movement of a crane that may strike said maintenance technician.
The disadvantage of this device is that if there is a mistake in detecting the presence of a service technician, the safety of the service technician is no longer ensured and the crane may hit the service technician.
In addition, in each of the two devices described above, the maintenance technician must communicate to the crane operator located in the cab the set points for driving each particular maneuver that he wishes to observe: this transmission of the set point is usually performed by voice or by appropriate communication means.
This presents the risk that the crane operator does not understand the set points sent by the maintenance technician, or makes a mistake in its execution and executes the wrong manoeuvre: in this case, the technician may be exposed to sudden maneuvers of the crane that it cannot expect and is therefore at risk.
The prior art can also be explained by the teaching of patent document US2010/116767, which relates to a method for controlling a crane by a crane operator by means of a fixed control unit or by remote personnel by means of a mobile radio control unit allowing remote personnel to control the crane's maneuvering. However, this solution is not suitable for maintenance operations, since the manoeuvre of the crane is performed by the crane operator or by remote personnel, without the latter being able to act on the drive of the crane operator; the remote personnel have full control over the drive.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention therefore aims to solve all or part of the above drawbacks by proposing a method for servicing a crane which allows to perform maintenance maneuvers while ensuring a higher safety for the service technicians.
Another object of the invention is to propose a maintenance method that makes it possible to limit the risk of erroneous manoeuvres by the crane operator.
Another object of the invention is to propose a maintenance method that enables a maintenance technician to automatically limit the manoeuvres that can be performed by the crane operator, in order to be able to better predict the different movements of the crane and limit the risk of collisions.
Finally, the object of the invention is to propose a maintenance method which can be easily implemented on an already existing standard crane model.
To this end, a maintenance method is proposed for maintaining a crane, which crane is configurable between a working configuration and a maintenance configuration, said crane comprising a monitoring system connected to a drive, which drive is arranged to: allowing to drive a plurality of manoeuvres when the crane is in the working configuration, each manoeuvre of the plurality of manoeuvres effecting at least one displacement of at least one movable part of the crane,
the maintenance method is characterized in that it performs at least the following steps:
a configuration changing step for changing the configuration of the crane by means of the maintenance control system in order to switch said crane into a maintenance configuration, wherein the driving of at least one of the plurality of motors by the drive means is initially prevented by the monitoring system,
-a selection step for selecting, by means of a maintenance module connected to the monitoring system, at least one maintenance maneuver of a plurality of maneuvers, which maintenance maneuver is initially blocked,
-an unlocking step in which the monitoring system unlocks the drive of the maintenance manoeuvre, thus releasing the drive of the maintenance manoeuvre by means of the drive means (2), and
-a driving step for driving the maintenance manoeuvre by means of the driving means (2).
Therefore, performing such a maintenance method according to the invention requires showing cooperation between two operators (crane operator and maintenance technician) on the working site of the crane: the crane operator drives the different manoeuvres of the crane by means of the drive means, and the service technician can switch the crane into the service configuration by means of the service control system and observe the manoeuvres driven by the crane operator.
It should be noted that the drive operated by the crane operator may be a drive located in a cab mounted on the crane or may be a radio controlled drive external to the crane.
The maintenance method allows a hierarchy to be established between the maintenance technician and the crane operator: the maintenance technician selects the crane manoeuvre he wishes to see, while the crane operator plays only an executing role, the crane operator being unable to perform any crane manoeuvre other than those selected by the maintenance technician.
In a first embodiment, the maintenance control system is an automated maintenance control system that automatically performs the configuration change step.
In a second embodiment, the maintenance control system is a switch for manually performing the configuration change step, such as a physical switch or a virtual switch on the screen interface.
In a first embodiment, the switch is positioned on the crane and outside the cab, and the drive means is located inside the cab, so that the switch cannot be actuated by the crane operator located in the cab.
According to one possibility, the crane comprises a mast arranged to extend in a substantially vertical direction between a foot located near the ground and a top located at a height supporting the jib when said crane is in operation.
The switches are located on the feet and the cab is located on the mast or boom above the switches.
Thus, the cab is positioned at a certain height of the mast of the crane or on the boom of the crane, while the switch is positioned near the ground, which is easily accessible to service technicians, for example in the electrical cabinet of said crane.
In a second embodiment, the switch is located on the crane inside the cab, the drive means is located in the cab, and the switch is accessible by secure access such as a key, password, identification device; this secure access therefore only allows the maintenance technician, not the crane operator, to access the switch.
Other embodiments of the relative arrangement of the switch and the cab may of course be considered, but it is particularly advantageous that the switch is operated by a service technician (rather than the crane operator) so that the maintenance method is initiated by said service technician making the selection by switching the crane into the maintenance configuration.
Furthermore, various types of switches are contemplated, such as key switches, interrupters, RFID readers, keypads for entering passwords, and the like.
The maintenance method according to the invention therefore comprises a series of steps that allow the maintenance technician to ask the crane operator to perform certain specific operations, excluding all other manoeuvres.
The first step, performed or initiated manually or in an automatic manner by a service technician, is therefore to switch the crane from a working configuration, in which the crane operator can drive any manoeuvre of the crane by means of the drive means, to a service configuration, in which the driving of at least one of these manoeuvres is blocked.
In other words, once the crane is in the maintenance configuration, the crane operator can no longer perform, by means of the drive means, some of the manoeuvres that the crane can drive while it is still in the working configuration.
Thus, the maintenance technician knows that the crane operator can only perform a limited number of predefined maneuvers he can easily expect: even in the case of a driving error of the crane operator, the maintenance technician does not feel an accident due to the unexpected operation, thereby reducing the risk of collision with the movable part of the crane.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at the end of the configuration change step, the actuation of each of the plurality of maneuvers by means of the actuation device is blocked by the monitoring system.
Thus, during the switching of the crane to the maintenance configuration, the crane operator initially cannot make any manoeuvre by means of the drive: thus maximizing the safety of the service technician.
After switching to the maintenance configuration, for example after manipulation of the switch by a maintenance technician, the motorized drive of the crane is blocked by the monitoring system of the crane.
The monitoring system is present on many models of cranes of the prior art and may for example consist of one or more electronic cards and be adapted to perform the displacement of the movable part of the crane carried out during the manoeuvre driven by the means for driving the crane.
The monitoring system may also be particularly adapted to monitor these displacements of the movable part of the crane by means of physical sensors distributed on the crane.
In the context of the maintenance method according to the invention, the monitoring system is also configured for preventing the driving of some maneuvers of the crane by means of the drive means, so that said maneuvers are not actually performed by the crane even when the crane operator manipulates the drive means to perform these same maneuvers.
In other words, if the crane operator is driving maneuvers that are blocked from driving by the monitoring system, the displacement of the movable part carried out by said maneuvers is not performed.
Thus, at the end of the configuration change step of the crane, the monitoring system can prevent some manoeuvres of the crane even if the crane operator erroneously uses the drive means to drive these manoeuvres.
According to one feature, the switching of the crane from the working configuration to the maintenance configuration is informed by issuing a warning signal, for example an acoustic signal and/or a light signal.
It is also possible to emit such sound and/or light signals repeatedly during the duration of the crane being in the maintenance configuration.
Within the scope of the invention it is of course possible that no such warning signal is issued during the process of the crane from the working configuration to the maintenance configuration.
The maintenance method then further comprises a selection step during which at least one maintenance maneuver is selected from the one or more maneuvers, the actuation of which is initially prevented.
In a first embodiment, the selection step is automated, for example by following a pre-established or recorded maintenance protocol, such maintenance protocol being able to be pre-set in the maintenance module.
In this first embodiment, the maintenance module includes a memory in which one or more maintenance plans are recorded.
In a second embodiment, the selection step is performed manually by a maintenance technician who selects, by means of a maintenance module, at least one maintenance maneuver among the maneuvers of the crane, the actuation of which is blocked by the monitoring system.
The service technician therefore selects a particular maneuver which he wishes to observe the real situation while the crane is running, for example, in order to identify the cause of a technical problem, or to check the normal operation of the crane after a repair.
The maintenance module, which will be described more precisely below, is linked to the monitoring system of the crane.
In a second embodiment, the maintenance module advantageously comprises an interface allowing a maintenance technician to perform a selection of a maintenance maneuver.
Of course, the present invention is not limited to the manner in which the selection of a maintenance maneuver is performed in an automatic or pre-established manner or manually or by selection software initiated by a maintenance technician or any other equivalent manner for performing such a selection.
It should be noted that it is also possible to implement a maintenance maneuver chosen from all maneuvers that the crane is able to perform, without preference when the crane is in the working configuration.
After the maintenance technician has selected the maintenance maneuver he wishes to perform or such a maintenance maneuver that is automatically performed in the maintenance scenario, the maintenance module transmits a monitoring signal to the monitoring system of the crane during the unlocking step, which monitoring signal forces the unlocking of the drive of the maintenance maneuver by means of the drive device.
Once the drive of the maintenance maneuver is unlocked by the monitoring system, the crane operator can perform the maintenance maneuver by means of the drive device.
It is important to note that the actuation of other previously blocked maneuvers remains blocked: the crane operator can only perform this maintenance manoeuvre drive.
The maintenance module can also be used to start and stop the crane.
The maintenance method according to the invention thus allows the maintenance technician to specifically select the specific manoeuvre he wishes to see to be performed by the crane operator by prohibiting the crane operator from actuating any other unauthorised manoeuvre.
The maintenance method according to the invention therefore has several advantages:
it allows to avoid compromising the safety of the maintenance technician by any driving error of the crane operator,
it allows the maintenance technician to ask the crane operator to drive some specific manoeuvres via the monitoring system, while avoiding any communication problems between them, and
it is easy to apply, the crane maneuvers are still driven by the crane operator: the implementation of the maintenance method according to the invention does in particular not require any devices for remote control of the crane by maintenance personnel, which devices may have greater complexity and higher costs.
In one embodiment, the maintenance maneuver implements at least one maintenance displacement of at least one movable part of said crane, said maintenance displacement being characterized by: when the crane is in the working configuration, the motion parameter with the maximum working threshold is equal.
The maintenance method comprises a limiting step for limiting the movement characteristics of the maintenance displacement, when a maintenance maneuver is driven during the driving step, so that the movement parameter of the maintenance displacement has a maximum maintenance threshold value that is less than or equal to the maximum working threshold value, the limiting step comprising beforehand a selection sub-step comprising selecting on the maintenance module the maximum maintenance threshold value.
In this embodiment, the maintenance technician may, in addition to selecting the maintenance manoeuvre to be performed accurately, also choose to limit the movement characteristics of the maintenance manoeuvre, in order to be able to study the operation of the crane more accurately.
It should be noted that this sub-selection step may also be performed automatically as part of a pre-established maintenance scheme.
It should also be noted that this limiting step, although advantageous, is optional, so that in the maintenance configuration no measures need be taken to limit the movement of the maintenance displacement.
The maintenance method comprises a limiting step which itself comprises a selection sub-step: during this selection sub-step, the maintenance technician may select a maximum maintenance threshold that will constitute an upper limit for the non-surmountable movement parameter for driving the maintenance maneuver during the driving step.
More specifically, each maneuver that the crane can perform in the working configuration is characterized by one or more motion parameters, each motion parameter being associated with a maximum working threshold: the value of this maximum working threshold must be kept lower than the value of the kinematic parameter in order to guarantee the correct functioning of the crane and to prevent damage to said crane.
For example, the motion parameter may correspond to a speed parameter of a movable part of the crane moved by the manoeuvring of the crane, and the maximum working threshold value corresponds to a maximum speed that the movable part must not exceed when the crane is used in the working configuration.
In the selection sub-step, a maximum maintenance threshold value associated (for example by means of the maintenance module) with each maintenance maneuver selected during the selection step, the maximum maintenance threshold value being less than or equal to the maximum working threshold value: when a maintenance maneuver is performed during the actuation step, the value of this maximum maintenance threshold must remain lower than the value of the motion parameter.
For example, when the motion parameter corresponds to a speed parameter of a movable part of a crane moved by a maintenance maneuver, the maximum maintenance threshold corresponds to a maximum speed that the movable part must not exceed when using the crane in the maintenance configuration.
The selection sub-step therefore allows the maintenance technician to select the value of the maximum maintenance threshold that must remain below the value of the motion parameter during the actuation step.
Alternatively, the value of the maximum maintenance threshold may also be preselected or set within the scope of a pre-established maintenance scheme.
Once the value of the maximum maintenance threshold is selected on the maintenance module, the maintenance module then sends a monitoring signal to the monitoring system, which forces a limit on the actuation of the maintenance manoeuvre.
It is important to note that at the end of this limiting step, the motion parameters cannot exceed the maximum maintenance threshold, regardless of the drive commands sent by the crane operator through the drive means.
The limiting step thus allows the maintenance technician to "limit" the operation of the crane and impose high limits on the movement characteristics of the maintenance manoeuvre, so as to be able to study the maintenance manoeuvre in a slower and less dangerous manner when it is only carried out under normal working conditions, when the crane is in the working configuration.
According to one possibility, the motion parameter corresponds to a speed of the maintenance displacement, the maximum working threshold corresponds to a maximum working speed, and the maximum maintenance threshold corresponds to a maximum maintenance speed.
The maintenance displacement then has a speed during the driving step that is less than or equal to the maximum maintenance speed, which is less than or equal to the maximum working speed.
In a variant, the motion parameter corresponds to the amplitude of the maintenance displacement, the maximum working threshold corresponds to the maximum working amplitude, and the maximum maintenance threshold corresponds to the maximum maintenance amplitude,
the maintenance displacement then has a magnitude during the driving step which is less than or equal to the maximum maintenance magnitude, which is less than or equal to the maximum working magnitude.
In another variant, the motion parameter corresponds to an acceleration of the maintenance displacement, the maximum working threshold corresponds to a maximum working acceleration, and the maximum maintenance threshold corresponds to a maximum maintenance acceleration,
the maintenance displacement then has an acceleration during the driving step which is less than or equal to the maximum maintenance acceleration, which is less than or equal to the maximum working acceleration.
The maintenance technician can thus limit the amplitude, speed, and even acceleration of the maintenance manoeuvre he chooses, in order to be able to observe, for example, smaller and slower displacements of the movable part effected by said maintenance manoeuvre.
According to one possibility, during the selection sub-step of the selection limiting step, the maximum maintenance threshold is selected among at least two different thresholds comprising a low threshold and a high threshold.
According to another possibility, during the selection sub-step of the selection limiting step, the maximum maintenance threshold is selected only between a low threshold and a high threshold.
Thus, the present invention recognizes that the maximum maintenance threshold is selected by the maintenance technician from a limited list of predetermined possible thresholds, each of which is less than or equal to the maximum operational threshold.
In particular, this list may include:
-a high threshold value, the value of which is equal to the value of the maximum operating threshold value, and
a low threshold value, the value of which is strictly lower, even significantly lower, than the value of the maximum operating threshold value.
Thus, the service technician may choose, for example, to operate the crane in a "slow mode" during the selection sub-step, wherein the movement of the service manoeuvre is a speed limited to be below a low speed threshold, which is well below the maximum working threshold.
Instead, it may also choose to operate the crane in a "fast mode" during the selection sub-step, in which the movement of the maintenance manoeuvre is a speed limited to be below a high speed threshold equal to the maximum working threshold: the crane operator can then drive the maintenance manoeuvre in the same way as the crane is in the working mode.
Advantageously, the maintenance method comprises a calibration step in which the value of the high threshold and/or the value of the low threshold is adjusted.
Thus, the calibration step may allow a maintenance technician to assign the values they select to the low and high thresholds before selecting one or the other during the selection substep.
For example, the calibration step may precede the selection sub-step, and the limiting step may follow the selection step: the maintenance technician then begins by adjusting the values of the low threshold and the high threshold before the selecting step, then selects a maintenance maneuver during the selecting step, and then selects one of the low threshold and the high threshold during the selecting sub-step in order to limit the movement of the maintenance maneuver.
It should be noted that each operation of the maintenance technician is performed by the maintenance module.
Of course, other embodiments are possible, such as embodiments in which the maintenance technician may directly assign a numerical value to the maximum maintenance threshold (via a keyboard or other input device) during a selection sub-step.
Various embodiments are also possible in respect of the maintenance module, in particular with different types of properties and in different positions with respect to the crane.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the maintenance module is a portable device and is not fixed to the crane, said maintenance module being wirelessly connected to the monitoring system of the crane.
The service technician can thus carry the service module with him during his movement around the crane, in order to be able to perform the selection, limitation and/or calibration steps at the same location where he is located, without having to constantly return to the fixed location where the service module is located.
Furthermore, this embodiment has great operational advantages: the maintenance technician can perform maintenance maneuvers on several different cranes (that is to say adapted to be arranged in connection with the monitoring device of each of the associated plurality of cranes) by means of a single maintenance module compatible with each crane, for example within the scope of after-sales service ensured by the manufacturer of said crane and its corresponding operator.
In another embodiment, the maintenance module is a device integrated in the crane, for example located near a switch on the crane foot.
The maintenance module may also be a device external to the crane and may be inserted directly into the crane at a dedicated location.
The maintenance module may also be a device external to the crane, which may be linked to the monitoring system of said crane by a wired connection.
The maintenance module may also have an interface that is particularly adapted to allow a maintenance technician to simply and quickly perform a selection of a maintenance maneuver during the selection step to select a maximum maintenance threshold during the sub-step of the selection limiting step.
There are many possibilities for the maintained interface, which may have selection means, including for example a touch screen, a keyboard, or function keys, or buttons (or a combination of these elements), which can be associated with one or more display screens.
According to one feature, the selection sub-step is performed by means of a selection device of the maintenance module, said selection device having at least one first selection member and at least one second selection member for the operator to manipulate, said first and second selection members being separated from each other by a distance greater than 20 cm or 30 cm, so that said first and second selection members cannot be manipulated by the same operator simultaneously with one hand.
This feature is optional but still advantageous, since it allows improving the safety of the maintenance technician when the latter selects the value of the high threshold as the maximum maintenance threshold, that is to say when it selects the authorization to drive the maintenance manoeuvre by the crane operator in conditions close to the working configuration conditions (the value of the high threshold is equal to the value of the maximum working threshold): in practice, the crane operator may put the maintenance technician at risk, for example, by driving the maintenance maneuver at high speed.
Thus, the first and second selection members are arranged such that the service technician cannot accidentally or inadvertently actuate both members simultaneously with one hand: if the maintenance technician wishes to select a high threshold, he is required to perform the selection through the maintenance module with both hands, thereby reducing the possibility of error.
For example, the first and second selection members may be comprised of buttons, the combined manipulation of which allows the maintenance technician to perform the substeps of selecting and selecting the restriction step.
An example of an apparatus for selecting a maintenance module and an embodiment of a maintenance technician performing the operation of the apparatus are described below.
In one embodiment, the monitoring system of the crane is adapted to perform at least one maintenance monitoring cycle during the driving step, comprising the steps of:
-a step of measuring a value of a motion parameter,
-a step of comparing said value with a maintenance limit threshold value, the value of said maintenance limit threshold value corresponding to the value of a maximum maintenance threshold value increased by a predetermined maintenance tolerance margin, and
-a step of stopping immediately the manoeuvre of the crane if the value of the movement parameter is greater than said maintenance limit threshold,
the monitoring system of the crane is therefore adapted to establish supervision over the movements of the maintenance manoeuvres performed during the driving step to ensure the speed limit set by the maintenance technician on the crane operator during the limiting step.
To this end, the monitoring system comprises at least one physical sensor capable of measuring the speed of the movable part of the crane that is moved during the performance of the maintenance manoeuvre. The measurement may be direct, for example by means of one or more tachometers, or indirect.
The speed measurement is then compared by the monitoring system to a maintenance limit threshold, which is derived by adding a maximum maintenance threshold and a predefined maintenance tolerance margin: the maintenance tolerance margin allows for taking into account the uncertainty of the speed measurement and can be set freely.
If the value of the speed measurement exceeds this maintenance limit threshold, the monitoring system triggers an emergency stop of the crane, interrupting any operation during the drive.
In fact, since the speed limit set by the maintenance technician is not effectively followed, the operation of the crane must be interrupted to ensure its safety.
According to one possibility, the monitoring system of the crane is adapted to carry out at least one work monitoring cycle during the performance of a maintenance maneuver when the crane is in the working configuration, comprising the following steps:
-a step of measuring a value of a motion parameter,
-a step of comparing said value with a work limit threshold, the value of said work limit threshold corresponding to the value of a maximum work threshold increased by a predetermined work tolerance margin, and
-a step of stopping immediately the manoeuvre of the crane if the value of the movement parameter is greater than said work limitation threshold,
the working tolerance margin is strictly greater than the maintenance tolerance margin.
The monitoring system of the crane is therefore also adapted to establish supervision of the movement of the maintenance manoeuvre when the crane is in the working configuration, to ensure that the speed at which the movable part of the crane moves during the execution of the maintenance manoeuvre does not exceed the maximum working threshold, in order to avoid any damage to the crane.
With respect to the maintenance monitoring period, the monitoring system is adapted to compare the speed measurement performed by one or more physical sensors of the monitoring system with an operational limit threshold obtained by adding a maximum operational threshold and a predefined operational tolerance margin, which allows for taking into account the uncertainty of the speed measurement and which can be set freely.
It should be noted that the selected maintenance tolerance margin is less than the working tolerance margin: thus, the movements of the maintenance manoeuvre are supervised with tighter tolerances when the crane is in the maintenance configuration than when in the working configuration in order to ensure the safety of the maintenance technician.
Advantageously, the maintenance module sends an acknowledgement signal to the monitoring system,
the monitoring system is adapted to measure the time duration elapsed since the last acknowledgement signal sent by the maintenance module was received,
the monitoring system is configured to trigger the step of immediately stopping crane operation when the duration is greater than a previously defined limit duration.
This feature may ensure the safety of the maintenance technician in case of an interruption of the communication between the maintenance module and the monitoring system of the crane.
In practice, the maintenance module and the monitoring system will exchange (for example at regular intervals) acknowledgement signals, allowing to confirm the correct reception of the information and commands passed between: if the monitoring system of the crane does not receive any acknowledgement signal within a time interval (sometimes referred to as a "timeout" duration) that is greater than a pre-established limit duration, this means that communication with the maintenance module is interrupted and the instructions entered by the maintenance technician through the maintenance module cannot be taken into account and applied by the monitoring system of the crane.
Thus, if this limit duration is exceeded, the monitoring system will trigger an emergency stop of the crane.
For example, the time limit is set to 100 milliseconds.
In one embodiment, the monitoring system of the crane is adapted to detect for each maneuver at least one displacement characteristic of said operation, said maintenance monitoring system being configured to immediately trigger a stop of the operation of the crane if at least one maneuver displacement characteristic is detected that was not pre-selected during the selecting step.
The monitoring system of the crane is thus able to identify each possible manoeuvre of the crane by means of at least one characteristic displacement and comprises at least one motion sensor which allows to detect said motion characteristic of said manoeuvre.
If the monitoring system detects a motorized movement characteristic, the motorized drive is blocked during the step of changing the crane configuration, but is not unlocked during the unlocking step (that is to say the maneuver is not selected by the maintenance technician during the selection step), which means that the monitoring system cannot perfectly block the motorized drive of the crane and the maintenance method according to the invention cannot be carried out correctly.
The monitoring system then triggers an emergency stop of the crane to ensure the safety of the service technician.
The invention also relates to a crane configurable between a working configuration and a maintenance configuration, said crane comprising a monitoring system linked to a drive arranged to: allowing the driving of a plurality of manoeuvres, each manoeuvre effecting at least one displacement of at least one movable part of the crane, when the crane is in the working configuration,
wherein the monitoring system is adapted to prevent the driving of at least one of the plurality of maneuvers by the driving means,
the crane comprises a maintenance control system connected to the monitoring system and adapted to switch the crane into a maintenance configuration in which the driving of at least one of the plurality of motors by means of the drive means is prevented by the monitoring system.
And wherein the monitoring system is arranged to be connected to the maintenance module and adapted to unlock, when the crane is in the maintenance configuration and in accordance with a command issued by said maintenance module, at least one motorized drive of the plurality of motors whose drive is blocked by the monitoring system, said drive being performed by the drive means.
In a first embodiment, the maintenance control system is an automated maintenance control system.
In a second embodiment, the maintenance control system is a switch as described above, for example a physical switch or a virtual switch on a screen interface.
The invention also relates to a service assembly comprising a crane as described above and a service module arranged as a monitoring system in connection with the crane,
the maintenance module is adapted to:
-allowing an operator to select at least one maintenance maneuver from a plurality of maneuvers, the actuation of the at least one maintenance maneuver being blocked by the monitoring system,
-sending an unlocking signal to the monitoring system in order to control the unlocking of the maintenance-motorized drive, which is performed by means of a drive device.
According to one possibility, the maintenance module is a portable device and is not fastened to the crane, said maintenance module being wirelessly connected to the monitoring system of the crane.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting examples of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a maintenance assembly formed from a crane and a maintenance module according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a maintenance method according to the invention, which is carried out by means of a maintenance assembly according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a crane 1 according to the invention, comprising a mast M which extends substantially in a vertical direction V (perpendicular to the ground S on which the mast M is arranged) and supports a jib F which is substantially horizontal and articulated in a rotating manner relative to the mast M.
Thus, the mast M has a foot P located near the ground S and a top SO located near its articulation with the boom F.
The crane 1 further comprises a cab C, which is fastened to the top SO of the mast M or to the boom F and in which a drive 2 is arranged.
The drive means 2 are arranged to be operated by a crane operator present in the cab C in order to perform various manoeuvres of the crane. In a variant not shown, the drive is a radio-controlled drive for remote driving by the crane operator.
For example, the crane operator can drive a horizontal pivoting movement of the boom F relative to the mast M by means of the drive means 2, or a displacement of a block MO of the crane along the boom F, or a vertical lifting movement of a load (not shown) linked to the block MO.
The drive 2 is connected to a monitoring system 4 (not shown in fig. 1) of the crane, said monitoring system 4 being particularly adapted to drive actuators (not shown) of said crane to perform maneuvers driven by the crane operator by means of the drive 2.
For example, in order to perform a pivoting movement of the jib F, the monitoring system 4 can be adapted to drive a motor arranged at the top of the mast M in accordance with commands sent by the drive means 2, so that a mechanical torque class is exerted on the jib F to rotate it.
The crane 1 further comprises a switch 3 fastened on the foot P of the mast M and connected to the monitoring system 4, said switch 3 being adapted to switch the crane 1 between:
a working configuration in which all manoeuvres of the crane 1 can be driven by means of the drive means 2, and
a maintenance configuration, in which the actuation of at least one of these manoeuvres is blocked by the monitoring system 4 (that is to say at least one manoeuvre of the crane 1 can no longer be actuated by the actuation means 2).
The working configuration is the configuration of the crane 1 most of the time when it is in operation, while the maintenance configuration is particularly suitable for implementing a maintenance method 100 according to the invention, said maintenance method 100 allowing maintenance maneuvers on the crane 1.
The maintenance method 100 will be described in more detail below.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the switch 3 consists of a key system comprising a latch 31 cooperating with a key 32: by turning the key 32 in the latch 31 in the opposite direction, the service technician can thus switch the crane 1 from the working configuration to the service configuration and vice versa.
Many other embodiments are obviously possible.
The switcher 3 is located near the ground S and is intended to be operated by a maintenance technician T (not shown in fig. 1): due to the relative positions of the cab C (height on the mast M) and the switch 3 (close to the ground S), the same operator cannot activate the switch 3 at the same time as the manoeuvre of the crane 1 is driven by means of the drive 2.
In fact, the implementation of maintenance manoeuvres by manipulating the switches 3 requires the presence of at least two operators on the crane 1: a maintenance technician T located outside the cab C, which investigates the movement of the crane 1 and makes possible repairs; and a crane operator located in the cab C, which performs some maneuvers of the crane at the request of the service technician T, which will be described later.
Furthermore, the service technician is equipped with a portable service module 5, and this portable service module 5 is not fastened to the crane 1.
The maintenance module 5 is wirelessly connected to the monitoring system 4 of the crane 1 and allows the maintenance technician T to require some manoeuvre by the crane operator during the maintenance method 100 according to the invention.
It should be noted that the wireless communication between the maintenance module 5 and the crane 1 is bidirectional, i.e. the maintenance module 5 is able to send and receive information from the monitoring system 4 of the crane 1 and vice versa.
The maintenance module 5 and the crane 1 thus form a maintenance assembly 101 suitable for implementing the maintenance method 100.
Fig. 2 shows in detail the different steps of the maintenance method 100 according to the invention, which is adapted to perform maintenance maneuvers on the crane 1 by cooperation between a maintenance technician T and the crane operator.
As previously mentioned, the maintenance method 100 comprises a configuration change step 6 allowing to switch the crane 1 from the working configuration to the maintenance configuration.
The configuration change step 6 comprises several successive sub-steps:
a sub-step 61 in which a maintenance technician T manipulates the switch 3,
a sub-step 62 in which the switch 3 sends to the monitoring system 4 a set point for switching to the maintenance configuration, an
A sub-step 63 in which the monitoring system 4 prevents all possible motorized drives of the crane 1.
Thus, at the end of the configuration change step 6, the crane operator cannot drive any manoeuvre of the crane 1 through the drive means 2.
In other words, the driving of the drive means 2 by the crane operator cannot cause the crane to perform any manoeuvre as long as these manoeuvre drives remain blocked by the monitoring system 4.
In a preferred embodiment of the maintenance method 100, the monitoring system 4 prevents all motorized drives of the crane: it is also possible that in other embodiments, at the end of substep 63, the crane operator may still perform some predetermined manoeuvre.
The maintenance method 100 then also comprises a calibration step 7, formed by a single sub-step 71, in which calibration step 7 the maintenance technician can assign the values it selects to two parameters, i.e. a high threshold and a low threshold, by means of the maintenance module 5, the function of which will be explained below.
The values of these two parameters are saved in memory by the maintenance module 5 and the value of the low threshold is made lower than the value of the high threshold.
The maintenance method 100 then also comprises a selection step 8, formed by the single sub-step 81, during which selection step 8 the maintenance technician T selects, by means of the maintenance module 5, one maintenance maneuver among the maneuvers blocked in driving by the monitoring system 4: the maintenance manoeuvre is a manoeuvre of the crane that the crane technician wishes to view as performed by the crane operator through the drive apparatus 2, for example to check the efficiency of some repairs.
Sub-step 81 may be performed in a number of different ways depending on the type of maintenance module 5.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the maintenance module 5 comprises a first button B1 and a second button B2, and indicator lights 51, each of these indicator lights 51 corresponding to a specific operation of the crane 1.
To select a maintenance maneuver, the maintenance technician T holds down the first button B1 and repeatedly presses the second button B2: each press of the second button B2 allows a new maneuver to be selected and the indicator light 51 associated with the new maneuver is illuminated to notify the maintenance technician T of the selected maneuver.
Various other implementations are possible, for example, in some embodiments, maintenance module 5 includes a touch screen on which maintenance technician T may directly select a maintenance maneuver.
Once a maintenance maneuver is selected, the maintenance module 5 transmits the set point for unlocking said maintenance maneuver to the monitoring system 4 during sub-step 91, and the monitoring system 4 then effectively unlocks the actuation of the maintenance maneuver by the actuation device 2.
Substep 91 and substep 92 collectively form step 9 of the unlock maintenance method 100.
Thus, at the end of sub-step 92, the crane operator is able to drive the maintenance manoeuvre by means of the drive means 2.
However, all other motorized drives of the crane 1 remain blocked by the monitoring system 4.
The maintenance method 100 then also comprises a limiting step 10, which allows the maintenance technician T to limit the movement of the maintenance manoeuvre driven by the crane operator, and in particular to limit the speed of the movable part or parts moving during the maintenance manoeuvre.
The limiting step 10 more particularly comprises a selection sub-step 101, during which selection sub-step 101 the maintenance technician T selects one of a high threshold value and a low threshold value, the value of which is configured in sub-step 71.
The high threshold or the low threshold constitutes two possible values of a maximum maintenance threshold defining a speed limit that the movable part or parts moving during the maintenance manoeuvre must not exceed.
In other words, the maximum maintenance threshold represents the speed below which the maintenance technician T wishes to see that a maintenance maneuver is being performed.
Thus, for example, if the maintenance technician T wishes the crane operator to perform maintenance maneuvers at a reduced speed in order to be able to observe in detail the operation of the crane 1 or to limit the damage experienced by said crane in the event of a malfunction, this maintenance technician T will select a low threshold in sub-step 101.
Conversely, if the maintenance technician T wishes the crane operator to perform a maintenance maneuver at a higher speed so as to bring it closer to the normal operating conditions of the crane 1, the maintenance technician T will select a higher threshold in sub-step 101.
In a preferred embodiment, the high threshold is equal to a maximum operating threshold defining a speed limit that the movable part moving during the maintenance manoeuvre must not exceed when the crane 1 is in the operating configuration: the high threshold selected by the maintenance technician T then corresponds to authorizing the crane operator to drive the maintenance manoeuvre under the same conditions as if the crane was in the working configuration.
To select between the low and high thresholds, the maintenance module 5 presents (as shown in fig. 1) a third button B3: the maintenance technician may indicate that he selects the low threshold by holding the second button B2 and the high threshold by holding the second button B2 and the third button B3 simultaneously.
As previously mentioned, various embodiments are contemplated with respect to performing this substep 101.
It should be noted that the second button B2 and the third button B3 are positioned on the maintenance module 5 such that it is not possible for the maintenance technician T to hold them simultaneously with only one hand: the second button B2 and the third button B3 are actually spaced apart from each other by a separation distance 52 of greater than 20 centimeters or 30 centimeters, exceeding the hand span of the service technician T.
Therefore, to select a high threshold, the maintenance technician T must use both hands: this function may reduce the risk that the maintenance technician T may mistakenly or inadvertently select a high threshold and may perform a maintenance maneuver at high speed, compromising its safety.
It should also be noted that first button B1, second button B2, and third button B3 do not protrude from maintenance module 5 and are flush with the surface of maintenance module 5: in this way the risk of the service technician T accidentally operating one of the buttons B1, B2, B3 is minimized.
Once the maintenance technician T selects one of the high and low thresholds, the maintenance module 5 transmits the set point limited in sub-step 102 to the monitoring system 4, and then the monitoring system 4 effectively limits the motion of the maintenance maneuver during sub-step 103 so that the subsequently performed motion cannot exceed the selected high or low threshold.
The limiting step 10 thus allows the service technician to "limit" the operation of the crane 1 and to request the crane operator to drive the service manoeuvre at a reduced speed.
Once the limiting step 10 is completed, the crane operator can drive the maintenance maneuver selected by the maintenance technician (in sub-step 81) at the speed selected by the maintenance technician (in sub-step 101).
Thus, the crane operator manipulates the drive means 2, which then transmits the drive set point to the monitoring system 4 in sub-step 111, so that it effectively performs the maintenance manoeuvre requested by the maintenance technician T.
Thus, the step following the configuration change step 6: the selection step 8, the unlocking step 9, the limiting step 10 allow the maintenance technician T to work on the crane 1 in a completely safe manner, while ensuring that the crane operator can only drive a single maintenance maneuver he chooses himself on the maintenance module 5, and also operates at its chosen maximum speed: any risk associated with a drive error of the crane operator or with poor communication between the crane operator and the maintenance technician is thus avoided.
It should be noted that these steps of the maintenance method 100 may be repeated several times in succession, in order to authorize several different maintenance maneuvers in succession, so as to perform several maintenance maneuvers on the crane 1 alternately.
Claims (26)
1. A maintenance method (100) for maintaining a crane (1), the crane (1) being configurable between a working configuration and a maintenance configuration, the crane (1) comprising a monitoring system (4) connected to a drive (2), the drive (2) being arranged to: allowing to drive a plurality of manoeuvres when the crane (1) is in the working configuration, each of said plurality of manoeuvres effecting at least one displacement of at least one movable part of the crane (1),
characterized in that the maintenance method (100) performs at least the following steps:
-a configuration changing step for changing, by means of a maintenance control system, a configuration (6) of the crane (1) such that the crane (1) is switched to the maintenance configuration in which at least one of the plurality of maneuvers is initially blocked by the monitoring system (4) by means of the driving device (2),
-a selection step (8) for selecting at least one maintenance maneuver from the maneuvers by means of a maintenance module (5) connected to the monitoring system (4), the actuation of the maintenance maneuver being initially prevented,
-an unlocking step (9), in which the monitoring system (4) unlocks the drive of the maintenance manoeuvre, thus releasing the drive of the maintenance manoeuvre by means of the drive device (2), and
-a driving step (11) for driving the maintenance manoeuvre by means of the driving device (2).
2. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein, at the end of the configuration change step, the actuation of each of the plurality of maneuvers by means of the actuation device (2) is blocked by the monitoring system (4).
3. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said maintenance manoeuvre implements at least one maintenance displacement of at least one movable part of the crane (1), said maintenance displacement being characterized by: when the crane (1) is in said working configuration, at least one motion parameter has a maximum working threshold value,
the maintenance method (100) comprises a limiting step (10), the limiting step (10) being intended to limit the movement characteristics of the maintenance displacement when the maintenance maneuver is driven during the driving step, so that the movement parameter of the maintenance displacement has a maximum maintenance threshold value, the maximum maintenance threshold value being smaller than or equal to the maximum working threshold value, the limiting step (10) comprising beforehand a selection sub-step (101), in which (101) the maximum maintenance threshold value is selected on the maintenance module (5).
4. The maintenance method (100) of claim 3, wherein the motion parameter corresponds to a speed of the maintenance displacement, the maximum working threshold corresponds to a maximum working speed, and the maximum maintenance threshold corresponds to a maximum maintenance speed,
the maintenance displacement has a speed during the driving step that is less than or equal to the maximum maintenance speed, which is less than or equal to the maximum working speed.
5. A maintenance method (100) according to claim 3, wherein, during the selection sub-step (101) of selecting the limiting step (10), a maximum maintenance threshold value is selected from at least two different threshold values comprising a low threshold value and a high threshold value.
6. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 5, wherein, during the selection sub-step (101) of selecting the limiting step (10), the maximum maintenance threshold is selected only between the low threshold and the high threshold.
7. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises a calibration step (7), in which calibration step (7) the value of the high threshold and/or the value of the low threshold is adjusted.
8. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance control system is an automated maintenance control system which automatically performs the configuration changing step (6).
9. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance control system is a switch (3), such as a physical switch or a virtual switch on a screen interface, for manually performing the configuration changing step (6).
10. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 9, wherein the switch (3) is positioned on the crane (1), arranged outside a cab (C), inside which the drive means (2) are located.
11. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 10, wherein the crane (1) comprises a mast (M) arranged to: extending in a substantially vertical direction between a foot (P) positioned near the ground (S) and a top (SO) at the level of a supporting jib (F) when the crane (1) is in operation,
a switch (3) is located on the foot (P) and the cab (C) is located on the mast (M) or the boom (F) above the switch (3).
12. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 9, wherein the switch is positioned on the crane (1) and inside a cab (C), the drive device (2) is located inside the cab (C), and the switch is accessible via secure access such as a key, a password, an identification device.
13. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance module (5) is a portable device and is not fastened on the crane (1), the maintenance module (5) being wirelessly connected with the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1).
14. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the selection sub-step (101) is carried out by means of a device for selecting the maintenance module (5), the selection device having at least one first selection member (B2) and one second selection member (B3) arranged to be operated by an operator, the first and second selection members being spaced apart from each other by a distance (52), the value of the distance (52) being greater than 20 cm or 30 cm, so that the first selection member (B2) and the second selection member (B3) cannot be operated simultaneously by the same operator with one hand.
15. A maintenance method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1) is adapted to implement at least one maintenance monitoring cycle during the driving step, the monitoring cycle comprising the steps of:
-a step of measuring the value of said kinetic parameter,
-a step of comparing said value with a maintenance limit threshold, the value of said maintenance limit threshold corresponding to the value of said maximum maintenance threshold increased by a predetermined maintenance tolerance margin, and
-a step of immediately stopping the operation of said crane (1) if the value of said motion parameter is greater than said maintenance limit threshold.
16. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 15, wherein, when the crane (1) is in the working configuration, the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1) is adapted to implement at least one working monitoring cycle during the execution of the maintenance manoeuvre, said working monitoring cycle comprising the steps of:
-a step of measuring the value of said kinetic parameter,
-a step of comparing said value with a work limit threshold value, the value of said work limit threshold value corresponding to the value of a maximum work threshold value increased by a predetermined work tolerance margin, and
-a step of stopping the operation of the crane (1) immediately if the value of the motion parameter is greater than the work limit threshold,
the operating tolerance margin is strictly greater than the maintenance tolerance margin.
17. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the maintenance module (5) sends an acknowledgement signal to the monitoring system (4),
the monitoring system (4) is adapted to measure the duration elapsed since the reception of the last acknowledgement signal sent by the maintenance module (5),
the monitoring system (4) is configured to: triggering a step for immediately stopping the operation of the crane (1) when the duration is greater than a previously defined limit duration.
18. The maintenance method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1) is adapted to detect, for each maneuver, at least one displacement characteristic of the displacement maneuver,
the monitoring system (4) is configured to: triggering an immediate stop of the operation of the crane (1) if the monitoring system (4) detects at least one displacement characteristic of a maneuver not previously selected during the selection step (8).
19. A crane (1) configurable between a working configuration and a maintenance configuration, the crane (1) comprising a monitoring system (4) connected to a drive (2), the drive (2) being arranged to: allowing to drive a plurality of manoeuvres when the crane (1) is in the working configuration, each of said plurality of manoeuvres effecting at least one displacement of at least one movable part of the crane (1),
wherein the monitoring system (4) is adapted to prevent at least one of the plurality of maneuvers from being driven by the drive device (2),
the crane (1) comprising a maintenance control system connected to the monitoring system (4) and adapted to switch the crane (1) into the maintenance configuration in which the driving of at least one of the plurality of maneuvers by means of the driving device (2) is blocked by the monitoring operation system (4),
and wherein the monitoring system (4) is arranged in connection with a maintenance module (5) and adapted to: unlocking at least one motorized drive of said plurality of motorized drives, the drive of which is blocked by said monitoring system (4), when said crane (1) is in said maintenance configuration and according to a command issued by said maintenance module (5), said drive being performed by means of a drive device (2).
20. Crane (1) according to claim 19, wherein the maintenance control system is an automated maintenance control system.
21. Crane (1) according to claim 19, wherein the maintenance control system is a switch (3), such as a physical switch or a virtual switch on a screen interface.
22. Crane (1) according to claim 21, wherein the switch (3) is located on the crane (1) and outside the cab (C).
23. Crane (1) according to claim 22, wherein the crane (1) comprises a mast (M) arranged to: extends in a substantially vertical direction between a foot (P) positioned near the ground (S) and a top (SO) positioned at a height supporting a boom (F) when the crane (1) is in operation, the switch (3) being located on the foot (P) and the cab (C) being located on the mast (M) above the switch (3).
24. Crane (1) according to claim 21, wherein the switch is positioned on the crane (1) inside the cab (C) provided with the drive means (2) and is accessible by secure access such as a key, a password, identification means.
25. A maintenance assembly (101) comprising a crane (1) according to claim 19 and a maintenance module (5) arranged to be connected to the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1), the maintenance module (5) being adapted to:
-allowing an operator to select at least one maintenance maneuver from a plurality of maneuvers, the actuation of said maintenance maneuver being blocked by said monitoring system (4), and
-sending an unlocking signal to the monitoring system (4) in order to control the unlocking of the maintenance-motorized drive, which is performed by the drive device (2).
26. The maintenance assembly (101) according to claim 25, wherein the maintenance module (5) is a portable device and is not fastened on the crane (1), the maintenance module (5) being wirelessly connected with the monitoring system (4) of the crane (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| FR2001157A FR3107046B1 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2020-02-06 | Crane maintenance process |
| FR20/01157 | 2020-02-06 |
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| CN113291988A true CN113291988A (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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| CN202110150749.4A Pending CN113291988A (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-02-03 | Maintenance method for maintaining a crane |
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| EP (1) | EP3862310A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113291988A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3107046B1 (en) |
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| CN114291734A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 咸阳唐安昌科技有限公司 | Intelligent electric hoist control system |
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| CN113697676A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-26 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Monitoring management system of crane group |
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| US6493616B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2002-12-10 | Clark Equipment Company | Diagnostic and control unit for power machine |
| US6501198B2 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2002-12-31 | Jlg Industries, Inc. | Control lever for heavy machinery with near-proximity sensing |
| DE102007018646A1 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2008-10-30 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | A method of controlling a load moving device and controlling a load moving device |
| CN201753235U (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2011-03-02 | 青岛港（集团）有限公司 | Quayside container crane |
| WO2018045437A1 (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-15 | W.A. Truck and Machinery Repairs Pty Ltd | A crane management system |
| CN207566749U (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2018-07-03 | 贵阳振兴铝镁科技产业发展有限公司 | A kind of overhead traveling crane wireless security control device |
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- 2021-02-02 EP EP21154751.8A patent/EP3862310A1/en active Pending
- 2021-02-03 CN CN202110150749.4A patent/CN113291988A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114291734A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 咸阳唐安昌科技有限公司 | Intelligent electric hoist control system |
| CN114291734B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-04-07 | 咸阳唐安昌科技有限公司 | Intelligent electric hoist control system |
Also Published As
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| EP3862310A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
| FR3107046B1 (en) | 2022-02-11 |
| FR3107046A1 (en) | 2021-08-13 |
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