CN113277626A

CN113277626A - Assembled small and micro wetland for vegetable planting

Info

Publication number: CN113277626A
Application number: CN202110817701.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方迎春; 刘鹏举; 袁浩凌; 李海平
Original assignee: Hunan Jiangshan Chunjin Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Jiangshan Chunjin Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-20
Filing date: 2021-07-20
Publication date: 2021-08-20

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled small micro-wetland for vegetable planting, which belongs to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment and comprises a sedimentation module and a wetland module, wherein the sedimentation module comprises a micro sedimentation tank and a valve well, the micro sedimentation tank is communicated with the wetland module through a water pipeline, the wetland module is communicated with a water storage tank, and an oil-water separator and active carbon are arranged at an inlet of the micro sedimentation tank; the wetland module comprises a first subsurface flow wetland and a second subsurface flow wetland, the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland are both of box-type structures, ecological packing layers are arranged in the box-type structures, vegetables are planted on the ecological packing layers through the vegetable planting modules, the first subsurface flow wetland is a downstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline is arranged at the upper part of the first subsurface flow wetland and communicated with a water pipeline, the second subsurface flow wetland is an upstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline is arranged at the upper part of the second subsurface flow wetland and communicated with a water storage tank through the flow guide pipeline, and the lower parts of the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland are also provided with water pipelines to communicate the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland.

Description

Assembled small and micro wetland for vegetable planting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of domestic sewage treatment, in particular to an assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland.

Background

With the attention of people on the environmental quality, the environmental protection of China has achieved great success, and sewage treatment is the basic content of the environmental protection. However, the rural sewage treatment effect is not obvious, and a plurality of problems exist in the treatment process, which provides great challenges for the rural sewage treatment. At present, certain manpower and financial resources are already input for rural sewage treatment, but the treatment effect is not obvious due to the inherent objective environment of rural areas. Therefore, people also need to pay attention to rural sewage treatment work, pay attention to treatment methods, change the current situation of rural environments in China, and provide comfortable living environments for villagers.

The rural sewage treatment has the inherent characteristics and the source is complex. The treatment of rural domestic sewage through the wetland will become the direction of future development. The wetland is one of the ecosystems with the highest global biodiversity, and provides various ecosystem services for the health and the welfare of human beings. But with the development of industry and urbanization, the global wetland suffers from serious damage. Between 1970 and 2015, the global wetland area was reduced by about 35%. How to restrain the rapid disappearance and the degradation of the wetland becomes one of the important issues which are commonly concerned by students and policy makers all over the world. In contrast, large wetlands receive more attention and implement more perfect protection measures, while wetlands with smaller areas are often "absent" in the existing wetland protection systems, protection lists and wetland resource investigation. For example, the average area of the world international important wetland is 106310hm²The average area of the natural protection area of the national wetland type of China is 220500 hm². Wetland policies, such as the "zero net loss" policy and wetland relief banks implemented in the united states, have also tended to compensate for the numerous small wetland areas that are occupied and destroyed by restoring or rebuilding a small number of large wetland areas.

The wetland is a water body formed in the long-term natural evolution process, has unique ecological benefits and is an irreplaceable natural resource, wherein the wetland with smaller hydrological scale is classified as a small micro wetland. When certain factor(s) in the wetland are changed, the change of the stability of the wetland ecosystem can be caused, so that the wetland biological community structure is degraded, and finally the wetland ecological environment is damaged.

China pays great attention to the construction and restoration work of small micro-wetlands, and a series of small micro-wetland construction work is developed by combining the vogue of villages, beautiful villages, the return of wet land from cultivation, river treatment, black and odorous water treatment and the like. At present, the country actively promotes the construction work of small micro-wetlands, promotes the large number of small micro-wetlands to become important components of the life community of mountain-water, forest, field, lake and grass, and plays the ecological service function of the small micro-wetlands to improve the ecological environment.

The problems existing in the prior art are as follows:

the prior rural domestic sewage treatment technology mainly comprises a methane purifying tank, an artificial wetland technology and an oxidation pond technology. The domestic sewage purification methane tank refers to a device for carrying out decentralized treatment on domestic sewage. The artificial wetland technology absorbs, dissimilates and assimilates organic pollutants by a biological membrane generated by a wetland system, but the treatment process is relatively complex and the investment cost is relatively high. The oxidation pond technology refers to a general name of a structure for sewage treatment, a pond is built by land trimming, an impermeable layer is built, a storage dike is built, domestic sewage is purified through microorganisms and aquatic plants in the pond, organic matters and pathogens in the sewage can be effectively removed, and the technology is large in engineering quantity, high in cost, large in occupied area and not beneficial to miniaturization and individual household use. China is a big agricultural country, rural construction must be promoted to realize high-quality development, the rural happiness strategy is taken as a gripper, and a general guideline for establishing agricultural rural optimization development is adhered to. Rural domestic sewage treatment is a long-term strategic task, and is urgently needed to be jointly endeavored in multiple aspects of governments, society and the masses. The rural domestic sewage is scientifically treated, so that the rural living environment can be effectively improved, and the living quality of rural residents is improved. The improvement of the treatment efficiency of the rural domestic sewage focuses on improving the technical efficiency, and according to the actual situation of the rural area, overall planning and a sound management and protection mechanism are enhanced. The establishment of beautiful villages is a common expectation of people, and the implementation of rural domestic sewage treatment can effectively promote the village pleasure strategy and improve the environment quality of rural areas.

In addition, due to the limitation of rural living environment, certain specific working environment causes that some domestic sewage which is approximately point source pollution is not properly treated. Under the circumstances, a portable and portable vegetable garden type small micro-wetland combination device is purposefully provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an assembled small vegetable planting micro-wetland, and the artificial wetland is modularized, so that the small vegetable planting micro-wetland can be designed, transported and put into use according to actual requirements. Combine little miniature wetland and individual family's concrete environment, not only can effectively solve domestic sewage's problem and can also put into use by high efficiency, can also produce domestic sewage to the temporary place of production operation and handle, it is nimble convenient, the construction time is short, circulated use.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a small micro-wetland capable of being assembled for vegetable planting comprises a sedimentation module and a wetland module, wherein the sedimentation module comprises a micro sedimentation tank and a valve well, the micro sedimentation tank is communicated with the wetland module through a water pipeline, the wetland module is communicated with a water storage tank, an oil-water separator and active carbon are arranged at an inlet of the micro sedimentation tank, and the micro sedimentation tank is separated by an inclined plate to form a plurality of layers of interlayers; the wetland module comprises a first subsurface flow wetland and a second subsurface flow wetland, the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland are both of box-type structures, ecological packing layers are arranged in the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland, vegetables are planted on the ecological packing layers through the vegetable planting modules, the first subsurface flow wetland is a downstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline is arranged at the upper part of the first subsurface flow wetland and communicated with a water pipeline, the second subsurface flow wetland is an upstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline is arranged at the upper part of the second subsurface flow wetland and communicated with a water storage tank through the flow guide pipeline, and the water pipeline is also arranged at the lower parts of the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland and communicated with the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland.

Furthermore, a mechanical grid is arranged at the outlet of the miniature sedimentation tank, the mechanical grid collects large-particle garbage and suspended matters through a grid mesh bag, and the mechanical grid is connected with the water pipeline.

Further, the ecological packing layer comprises an upper ecological packing layer, a middle ecological packing layer and a lower ecological packing layer, the ecological packing of the upper ecological packing layer is river sand and diatomite, the ecological packing of the middle ecological packing layer is cobblestone and zeolite, and the ecological packing of the lower ecological packing layer is broken stone and hollow bricks.

Further, the ecological fillers of the middle ecological filler layer and the lower ecological filler layer are packaged by using ecological mesh bags; the river sand has a diameter of 1-2mm, and the cobblestones and the zeolite have a diameter of 5-10 mm.

Furthermore, the vegetables planted in the vegetable planting module replaced by the wetland module in summer are water spinach and water bamboo, and the vegetable planting module for planting Chinese cabbage, water celery and coriander cash crops is replaced in winter and spring.

Furthermore, the vegetable planting module is of a box body structure with an opening at the top, through holes are formed in a bottom plate of the vegetable planting module in an annular array mode, and the through holes are shielded by a movable rotating plate assembly arranged on the bottom plate; the vegetable planting module is characterized in that two sides of the vegetable planting module are provided with connecting platforms to connect the vegetable planting modules left and right.

Further, the board subassembly that changes is including changeing the board, changes the board bottom and is provided with the connecting cylinder, it will change the board and install to be provided with spliced pole cooperation connecting cylinder on the bottom plate of vegetable planting module, it is provided with the area that baffle and baffle are greater than the through-hole to change the area that annular array was provided with the baffle on the board, be provided with the bracing piece on the baffle.

Furthermore, the top of the supporting rod is sleeved with a limiting ring, a sleeve is arranged on the limiting ring, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the supporting rod through the sleeve.

Furthermore, the connecting platforms on two sides of the vegetable planting module comprise a first platform on one side and a second platform on the other side, the first platform and the second platform are both of a plate-shaped structure, the height of the first platform is higher than that of the second platform, the bottom of the first platform is provided with a limiting strip in an array mode, and the upper surface of the second platform is provided with a limiting groove in an array mode.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the sedimentation module and the wetland module both adopt box body structures, the whole wetland sewage treatment system can be detached and moved, modularized, materials can be recycled, the process can be copied and produced in mass, and the treatment rate can be regulated and controlled; and as a vegetable type small and miniature wetland, the purification efficiency is high, the economic investment is low, the assembly is simple, the problem of domestic sewage treatment in temporary places of production operation is solved, and the possibility of point source pollution developing to surface source is greatly reduced.

2. According to the invention, the wetland and the human living environment are organically combined, wetland vegetables are selected as wetland plants, and the plants can be replaced along with season replacement, so that a landscape effect is ensured, a good economic value can be created, the wetland plants can be customized according to the discharge amount of domestic sewage of different families, the environmental pollution is greatly reduced, the environmental management cost is reduced, and the good environmental management requirement can be met through scientific and few economic investment.

3. The wetland crops of the sewage treatment system are vegetables, and nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are efficiently removed according to the characteristic that the nitrogen and phosphorus in rural domestic sewage exceed the standard. Vegetables are planted through the vegetable planting modules, and the vegetable planting modules can be connected left and right through the connecting platform, so that a row of a plurality of vegetable planting modules can be conveniently taken and placed together, and the workload is reduced; and the through-hole accessible commentaries on classics board subassembly on the vegetable planting module bottom plate shields and opens to shield the through-hole in advance when realizing that the vegetable planting module takes out, and arrange undulant bracing piece drive behind the vegetable planting module and change the board rotation and open the through-hole and can realize that sewage flows down from the through-hole, also can prevent the inside ponding of vegetable planting module under the rainwater weather. And the limiting ring can be sleeved on the supporting rod of the vegetable planting module, so that the supporting function is realized for the easily lodging crops, and the lodging phenomenon is prevented.

4. The wetland module comprises a first descending subsurface flow wetland and a second ascending subsurface flow wetland, and three layers of ecological packing layers are arranged in the wetland module, so that the purification function of the system can be effectively enhanced. Wherein, the ecological fillers of the middle layer and the lower layer are packaged by using ecological mesh bags, thereby facilitating the assembly of the system and the replacement of materials. According to the invention, the vegetable planting module is adopted to plant vegetables, so that the replacement and arrangement are very convenient, vegetable plants can be replaced along with the change of seasons, the growth of plants can be ensured all the year round, the water purification effect of the whole wetland system can be ensured, water spinach and water bamboo are planted in summer and autumn, pumpkin and corn are planted beside the module, Chinese cabbage, water cress and coriander commercial crops are planted in winter and spring, and the economic benefit is improved.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the left and right connection of the vegetable planting module of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vegetable planting module according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of through holes at the bottom of the vegetable planting module according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an installation schematic diagram of a limiting ring of the vegetable planting module of the present invention.

The text labels in the figures are represented as: 1. A precipitation module; 2. a micro sedimentation tank; 3. a valve well; 4. a water pipeline; 5. a first subsurface flow wetland; 6. vegetables; 7. an upper ecological filler layer; 8. a middle ecological filler layer; 9. a second subsurface flow wetland; 10. a lower ecological filler layer; 11. a diversion pipeline; 12. a water storage tank; 13. a vegetable planting module; 14. a support bar; 15. a first platform; 16. a sleeve; 17. a limiting ring; 18. a second platform; 19. a limiting groove; 20. a through hole; 21. connecting columns; 22. a limiting strip; 23. and (6) rotating the plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

A small micro-wetland capable of being assembled for vegetable planting comprises a sedimentation module 1 and a wetland module, wherein the sedimentation module 1 comprises a micro sedimentation tank 2 and a valve well 3, the micro sedimentation tank 2 is communicated with the wetland module through a water pipeline 4, the wetland module is communicated with a water storage tank 12, an oil-water separator and active carbon are arranged at an inlet of the micro sedimentation tank 2, and the micro sedimentation tank 2 is separated by an inclined plate to form a plurality of layers of interlayers; the wetland module comprises a first subsurface flow wetland 5 and a second subsurface flow wetland 9, the first subsurface flow wetland 5 and the second subsurface flow wetland 9 are both box-type structures, ecological packing layers are arranged in the box-type structures, vegetables 6 are planted above the ecological packing layers through a vegetable planting module 13, the first subsurface flow wetland 5 is a downstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline 11 is arranged at the upper part of the first subsurface flow wetland 5 and communicated with a water pipeline 4, the second subsurface flow wetland 9 is an upstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline 11 is arranged at the upper part of the second subsurface flow wetland 9 and communicated with a water storage tank 12 through the flow guide pipeline 11, and the water pipeline 4 is also arranged at the lower parts of the first subsurface flow wetland 5 and the second subsurface flow wetland 9 and communicated with the first subsurface flow wetland 5 and the second subsurface flow wetland 9.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a mechanical grid is arranged at the outlet of the micro sedimentation tank 2, the mechanical grid collects large-particle garbage and suspended matters through a grid mesh bag, and the mechanical grid is connected with the water pipeline 4. The grid mesh bag and the active carbon are required to be replaced regularly, so that a good filtering function is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the ecological filler layer includes an upper ecological filler layer 7, a middle ecological filler layer 8 and a lower ecological filler layer 10, the ecological filler of the upper ecological filler layer 7 is river sand and diatomite, the ecological filler of the middle ecological filler layer 8 is cobblestone and zeolite, and the ecological filler of the lower ecological filler layer 10 is broken stone and hollow brick. The ecological fillers of the middle ecological filler layer 8 and the lower ecological filler layer 10 are all packaged by using ecological mesh bags; the river sand has a diameter of 1-2mm, and the cobblestones and the zeolite have a diameter of 5-10 mm. The filler is packaged by the ecological mesh bag, so that the assembly of the system and the replacement of materials are facilitated; the combination of the river sand and the diatomite on the uppermost layer not only provides a foundation for planting vegetable crops, but also provides a primary purification effect by adding the river sand, and the combination of the cobblestone and the zeolite on the middle layer, the broken stone and the hollow brick on the lowermost layer can simultaneously play roles in providing the foundation and filtering.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the vegetables 6 planted in the vegetable planting module 13 of the wetland module, which are replaced in summer, are water spinach and water bamboo, and the vegetable planting module 13 for planting Chinese cabbage, water celery and coriander cash crops is replaced in winter and spring. Therefore, the wetland module can be ensured to have plant growth all the year round, the whole wetland system is ensured to have a high water purification effect all the time, and meanwhile, economic crops such as vegetables and the like can also be harvested by families.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the vegetable planting module 13 is a box structure with an open top, through holes 20 are formed in a circular array on a bottom plate of the vegetable planting module 13, and the through holes 20 are shielded by a movable rotating plate assembly arranged on the bottom plate; the two sides of the vegetable planting module 13 are provided with connecting platforms to connect the vegetable planting modules 13 left and right. The rotating plate assembly comprises a rotating plate 23, a connecting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the rotating plate 23, a connecting column 21 is arranged on a bottom plate of the vegetable planting module 13 and is matched with the connecting cylinder to install the rotating plate 23, the area of a baffle and an area of the baffle, which are arranged on the rotating plate 23 in an annular array mode, are larger than the area of the through hole 20, and a supporting rod 14 is arranged on the baffle. The top of the support rod 14 is sleeved with a limiting ring 17, a sleeve 16 is arranged on the limiting ring 17, and the limiting ring 17 is sleeved on the support rod 14 through the sleeve 16.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the connecting platforms on two sides of the vegetable planting module 13 include a first platform 15 on one side and a second platform 18 on the other side, the first platform 15 and the second platform 18 are both plate-shaped structures, the height of the first platform 15 is higher than that of the second platform 18, the bottom of the first platform 15 is provided with a limiting strip 22 in an array manner, and the upper surface of the second platform 18 is provided with a limiting groove 19 in an array manner.

In conclusion, aiming at the problems of high construction requirement, complex process, large occupied space, long sewage treatment time, high maintenance and operation cost, large economic investment and the like of the traditional small and miniature wetland, the invention makes a plurality of beneficial improvements: the modular structure is adopted, so that the assembly is convenient, the replacement of the whole system material and the module is convenient, the module can be copied, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved; the invention realizes the combination of landscape ecology by regulating and controlling the module plants, ensures the sewage treatment effect, screens out proper plantable vegetables according to different seasons, meets the domestic needs of families, can also generate economic benefits, fills the blank of domestic sewage treatment in temporary fields of production operation, and obviously reduces the risk of non-point source pollution.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. The small micro-wetland capable of being assembled for vegetable planting comprises a sedimentation module (1) and a wetland module, wherein the sedimentation module (1) comprises a micro sedimentation tank (2) and a valve well (3), the micro sedimentation tank (2) is communicated with the wetland module through a water pipeline (4), and the wetland module is communicated with a water storage tank (12), and is characterized in that an oil-water separator and active carbon are arranged at an inlet of the micro sedimentation tank (2), and the micro sedimentation tank (2) is separated by an inclined plate to form a plurality of layers of interlayers; the wetland module comprises a first subsurface flow wetland (5) and a second subsurface flow wetland (9), wherein the first subsurface flow wetland (5) and the second subsurface flow wetland (9) are both of box-type structures, ecological packing layers are arranged in the first subsurface flow wetland and the second subsurface flow wetland, vegetables (6) are planted on the ecological packing layers through vegetable planting modules (13), the first subsurface flow wetland (5) is a downstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline (11) is arranged on the upper portion of the first subsurface flow wetland (5) and communicated with a water pipeline (4), the second subsurface flow wetland (9) is an upstream subsurface flow wetland, a flow guide pipeline (11) is arranged on the upper portion of the second subsurface flow wetland (9) and communicated with a water storage tank (12) through the flow guide pipeline (11), and the water pipeline (4) is also arranged on the lower portions of the first subsurface flow wetland (5) and the second subsurface flow wetland (9) and communicated with each other.

2. The assembled vegetable-planting mini-wetland as claimed in claim 1, wherein a mechanical grid is arranged at the outlet of the mini-sedimentation tank (2), and the mechanical grid collects large-particle garbage and suspended matters through a grid mesh bag and is connected with the water pipeline (4).

3. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland according to claim 1, wherein the ecological filler layer comprises an upper ecological filler layer (7), a middle ecological filler layer (8) and a lower ecological filler layer (10), the ecological filler of the upper ecological filler layer (7) is river sand and diatomite, the ecological filler of the middle ecological filler layer (8) is cobblestones and zeolite, and the ecological filler of the lower ecological filler layer (10) is broken stones and hollow bricks.

4. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland according to claim 3, wherein the ecological fillers of the middle ecological filler layer (8) and the lower ecological filler layer (10) are packaged by using ecological mesh bags; the river sand has a diameter of 1-2mm, and the cobblestones and the zeolite have a diameter of 5-10 mm.

5. The assembled vegetable-planting mini-wetland as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the vegetables (6) planted in the vegetable-planting module (13) replaced by the wetland module in summer are water spinach and water bamboo, and the vegetable-planting module (13) used for planting Chinese cabbage, water celery and coriander cash crops is replaced in winter and spring.

6. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable planting modules (13) are of a box structure with an open top, the vegetable planting modules (13) are provided with through holes (20) in an annular array on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with a movable rotating plate assembly for shielding the through holes (20); and two sides of the vegetable planting module (13) are provided with connecting platforms to connect the vegetable planting modules (13) left and right.

7. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland of claim 6, wherein the rotating plate assembly comprises a rotating plate (23), a connecting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the rotating plate (23), a connecting column (21) is arranged on the bottom plate of the vegetable planting module (13) and is matched with the connecting cylinder to install the rotating plate (23), baffles are arranged on the rotating plate (23) in an annular array, the area of the baffles is larger than that of the through holes (20), and supporting rods (14) are arranged on the baffles.

8. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland according to claim 7, wherein a limiting ring (17) is sleeved on the top of the supporting rod (14), a sleeve (16) is arranged on the limiting ring (17), and the limiting ring (17) is sleeved on the supporting rod (14) through the sleeve (16).

9. The assembled vegetable planting micro-wetland according to claim 6, wherein the connecting platforms at two sides of the vegetable planting module (13) comprise a first platform (15) at one side and a second platform (18) at the other side, the first platform (15) and the second platform (18) are both of plate-shaped structures, the height of the first platform (15) is higher than that of the second platform (18), the bottom array of the first platform (15) is provided with a limiting strip (22), and the upper surface array of the second platform (18) is provided with a limiting groove (19).