CN113258106A - Method for judging content of water generated by fuel cell and control system - Google Patents
Method for judging content of water generated by fuel cell and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113258106A CN113258106A CN202110436076.9A CN202110436076A CN113258106A CN 113258106 A CN113258106 A CN 113258106A CN 202110436076 A CN202110436076 A CN 202110436076A CN 113258106 A CN113258106 A CN 113258106A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04529—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of the electrolyte
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging the content of water generated by a fuel cell and a control system, which are used for detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of a fuel cell stack and obtaining the representation value of the water content of the stack through calculation; setting a water content range of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range; and adjusting the working states of the cooling fan and the air compressor to enter a drying mode, or adjusting the working states of the cooling fan and the air compressor to enter a humidifying mode. The invention can accurately judge the drying degree of the proton exchange membrane in real time in the operation process of the fuel cell, can process the dry or water flooded condition of the membrane, and ensures the water balance of the proton exchange membrane, thereby ensuring the high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a method for judging the content of water generated by a fuel cell and a control system.
Background
The proton exchange membrane in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell must ensure necessary humidity during working, and when the fuel cell is in a water fault condition for a short time, the performance output can be directly influenced; when a fuel cell suffers a severe water failure or is operated in a failure state for a long period of time, damage to the fuel cell will occur, and such damage is generally difficult to recover. When the anode of the fuel cell is flooded with water, the flow and diffusion of hydrogen are hindered, so that partial hydrogen starvation is caused, other side electrochemical reactions occur in the regions, carbon in the catalytic layer on the cathode side is corroded, and particles or impurities generated by corrosion can cause cell failure if transported to the inside of the exchange membrane. And voltage fluctuation can be caused when the membrane is flooded, so that the output power is unstable. If the fuel cell is in a dry operation state for a long time, the conductivity of the proton exchange membrane is reduced, the ohmic resistance is increased, the output power is reduced, and the dry area is continuously enlarged until the whole area is affected, even the exchange membrane is dried and broken, and irreparable damage is caused to the fuel cell.
In the prior art, the water level monitoring device is mainly used to measure the water level change inside the fuel cell and manage the water in the fuel cell, but the system structure is complicated. Or comparing the theoretical cathode pressure drop of the fuel cell obtained by the formula with the actual pressure drop to judge that the fuel cell is in a water-flooded state or a membrane-dry state, and solving the problem of water-flooded state or membrane-dry state by an electromagnetic valve or a gas-liquid separator, but the theoretical cathode pressure drop is difficult to accurately calculate. Or detect fuel cell water content through components such as illuminance sensor to blow and sweep fuel cell through automatically controlled ooff valve of automatic flow meter and fuel cell voltage signal regulation and governing valve, with the assurance water balance, but its sensor quantity and the type that needs are more, and the required precision of contrast sensor is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a system for judging the content of water generated by a fuel cell, so that the drying degree of a proton exchange membrane can be accurately judged in real time in the operation process of the fuel cell, the dry or flooded condition of the membrane can be treated, the water balance of the proton exchange membrane is ensured, and the high-efficiency operation of the fuel cell is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for judging the content of water produced by a fuel cell comprises the following steps:
detecting pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and obtaining a water content characterization value of the stack through calculation;
setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range;
when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is flooded, and the working states of a cooling fan and an air compressor are adjusted to enter a drying mode;
and when the water content characterization value is smaller than a membrane dry threshold value X1, the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack generates membrane dry, and the working states of the heat radiation fan and the air compressor are adjusted to enter a humidification mode.
Further, the method for calculating the characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile comprises the following steps:
detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a pressure difference value of an air side;
calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value;
calculating a variance value according to the time mean value;
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
Further, the fuel cell air side pressure difference value PiIs calculated as the pressure P of the air inlet pressure sensor of the pileair_inSubtracting the pressure P of the pile air outlet pressure sensorair_outNamely: pi＝Pair_in-Pair_out；
The time average of the cathode pressure drop is expressed as:
the variance of the cathode pressure drop is further expressed as:
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
Through practical experiment, can analyze out when fuel cell cathode pressure drop's variance is great, the water content of fuel cell pile is higher relatively, and when cathode pressure drop's variance is less, the water content of fuel cell pile is lower relatively, therefore the variance value that the accessible above-mentioned calculated is as pile water content characterization value, can be effective and accurate represent the water content of fuel cell pile proton exchange membrane to improve the precision and the real-time of water content judgement.
Furthermore, because the air demand can be calculated to be a certain fixed value when the output power is unchanged, if the air compressor is increased to rotate, the air flow is increased, and thus the moisture on the proton exchange membrane is evaporated; otherwise, when the rotating speed of the air compressor is reduced, moisture on the membrane is accumulated; when the temperature in the electric pile is higher, more liquid water is vaporized, and on the contrary, when the temperature in the electric pile is lower, water vapor on the membrane is liquefied. The air flow is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor through the main control unit, or the heat dissipation capacity is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan, so that the temperature in the electric pile is controlled, and the water balance in the fuel cell is ensured.
Furthermore, when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is dry, the main control unit controls the air compressor to reduce the rotating speed so as to reduce the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out by the air outlet at the cathode side can be reduced; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the heat radiation fan to increase the rotating speed, increase the heat radiation amount, reduce the temperature in the electric pile and increase the relative humidity of the gas in the flow channel, thereby increasing the water content on the membrane.
Furthermore, when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is flooded with water, the main control unit controls the air compressor to increase the rotating speed so as to increase the air flow, namely, the water brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced, the heat dissipation capacity is reduced, and the temperature inside the galvanic pile is increased, so that more liquid water is vaporized into water vapor and is taken away by air.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a control system of the water content generated by the fuel cell, which comprises an air compressor, a galvanic pile air inlet pressure sensor, a galvanic pile air outlet pressure sensor, a fuel cell galvanic pile, a galvanic pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor, a water pump, a heat radiation fan and a main control unit, wherein the air flows in from the air compressor, the galvanic pile air inlet pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the air compressor and then connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell galvanic pile, and the galvanic pile air outlet pressure sensor is arranged at the air outlet of the fuel cell galvanic pile; a temperature sensor of a cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile is arranged at the cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile and then connected to a cooling liquid inlet of a cooling fan, the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling fan is connected to an inlet of a water pump, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile;
the air compressor, the water pump and the cooling fan are connected with the main control unit through a network, and the air inlet pressure sensor, the air outlet pressure sensor and the cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor of the galvanic pile are electrically connected with the main control unit.
Further, a stack air inlet pressure sensor and a stack air outlet pressure sensor detect pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack; the main control unit obtains a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile through calculation; setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range; when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is flooded, and the working states of a cooling fan and an air compressor are adjusted to enter a drying mode; when the water content characterization value is smaller than a membrane dry threshold value X1, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack generates membrane dry, and the working states of a heat radiation fan and an air compressor are adjusted to enter a humidification mode; the air flow is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor through the main control unit, or the heat dissipation capacity is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan, so that the temperature in the electric pile is controlled.
Further, calculating a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile in the main control unit: detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a pressure difference value of an air side; calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value; calculating a variance value according to the time mean value; and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
Furthermore, when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is dry, the main control unit controls the air compressor to reduce the rotating speed so as to reduce the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out by the air outlet at the cathode side can be reduced; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the heat radiation fan to increase the rotating speed, increase the heat radiation amount, reduce the temperature in the galvanic pile and increase the relative humidity of the gas in the flow channel, thereby increasing the water content on the membrane; when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack is flooded with water, the main control unit controls the air compressor to increase the rotating speed so as to increase the air flow, namely, the water brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced, the heat dissipation capacity is reduced, and the temperature inside the galvanic pile is increased, so that more liquid water is vaporized into water vapor and is taken away by air.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
the invention represents the cathode internal resistance by detecting the cathode side pressure drop and calculating the time mean value and the variance, further represents the cathode side water content, and judges the water content generated by the fuel cell through the cathode side pressure drop; the rotating speed of the cooling fan and the rotating speed of the air compressor are controlled by the controller to adjust, the temperature in the electric pile is controlled by adjusting the cooling fan, and the air flow is controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor, so that the water content of the proton exchange membrane is controlled; the drying degree of the proton exchange membrane can be judged in real time in the operation process of the fuel cell, the dry or flooded condition of the membrane can be treated, the dry or flooded condition of the membrane of the fuel cell can be effectively prevented, the water balance of the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell is ensured, the service life of the proton exchange membrane is prolonged, and the working efficiency and the performance of the fuel cell are improved.
The invention does not need to add any extra special sensor, directly adopts the existing sensor, has no change on the structure, is convenient for batch implementation, ensures that the water content of the proton exchange membrane can be judged in real time in the operation process of the fuel cell under the condition of not adding extra sensors, can process the dry or flooded condition of the membrane, ensures that the water content of the proton exchange membrane is in the optimal working range, prolongs the service life of the proton exchange membrane, and improves the working efficiency and the performance of the fuel cell.
According to the invention, the water content of the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack can be effectively and accurately represented by calculating the variance value according to the air side pressure value as the stack water content characterization value, so that the accuracy and the real-time property of water content judgment are improved, the pressure drop of the stack air pipeline can be corresponding to the water content of the proton exchange membrane in real time, the overall control accuracy is higher, and the control period is short.
The control method is simple and easy to realize, and can effectively prolong the service life of the proton exchange membrane and improve the working efficiency and performance of the fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining the water content of a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a system for controlling the generated water content of a fuel cell according to the present invention;
wherein, 1 is air compressor, 2 is galvanic pile air inlet pressure sensor, 3 is the fuel cell galvanic pile, 4 is the water pump, 5 is radiator fan, 6 is galvanic pile coolant liquid export temperature sensor, 7 is galvanic pile air export pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for determining the produced water content of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
detecting pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and obtaining a water content characterization value of the stack through calculation;
setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range;
when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is flooded, and the working states of the cooling fan 5 and the air compressor 1 are adjusted to enter a drying mode;
when the water content characterization value is smaller than the membrane dry threshold value X1, the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is subjected to membrane dry, and the working state of the heat radiation fan 5 and the air compressor 1 is adjusted to enter a humidification mode.
As an optimization scheme of the embodiment, the method for calculating the characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile comprises the following steps:
detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a pressure difference value of an air side;
calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value;
calculating a variance value according to the time mean value;
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
Wherein the fuel cell air side pressure difference value PiIs calculated as the pressure P of the air inlet pressure sensor 2 of the stackair_inMinus the pressure P of the stack air outlet pressure sensor 7air_outNamely: pi＝Pair_in-Pair_out；
The time average of the cathode pressure drop is expressed as:
the variance of the cathode pressure drop is further expressed as:
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
Through practical experiment, can analyze out when fuel cell cathode pressure drop's variance is great, fuel cell pile 3's water content is higher relatively, and when cathode pressure drop's variance is less, fuel cell pile 3's water content is lower relatively, therefore the variance value that the accessible above-mentioned calculated is as pile water content characterization value, can be effective and accurate represent the water content of 3 proton exchange membranes of fuel cell pile to improve the precision and the real-time of water content judgement.
As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, since the air demand can be calculated to be a certain fixed value when the output power is unchanged, if the air compressor 1 is increased to rotate at this time, the air flow is increased, and thus the moisture on the proton exchange membrane is evaporated; conversely, when the rotating speed of the air compressor 1 is reduced, the moisture on the film is accumulated; when the temperature in the electric pile is higher, more liquid water is vaporized, and on the contrary, when the temperature in the electric pile is lower, water vapor on the membrane is liquefied. The air flow is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor 1 through the main control unit, or the heat dissipation capacity is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan 5, so that the temperature in the electric pile is controlled, and the water balance in the fuel cell is ensured.
When the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is dry, the main control unit controls the air compressor 1 to reduce the rotating speed so as to reduce the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side can be reduced; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the cooling fan 5 to increase the rotating speed, increase the cooling capacity, reduce the temperature in the galvanic pile and increase the relative humidity of the gas in the flow channel, thereby increasing the water content on the membrane.
When the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is flooded with water, the main control unit controls the air compressor 1 to increase the rotating speed so as to increase the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced, the heat dissipation capacity is reduced, and the temperature inside the galvanic pile is increased, so that more liquid water is vaporized into water vapor and is taken away by air.
In order to match the implementation of the method of the invention, based on the same inventive concept, as shown in fig. 2, the invention also provides a fuel cell generated water content control system, which comprises an air compressor 1, a stack air inlet pressure sensor 2, a stack air outlet pressure sensor 7, a fuel cell stack 3, a stack coolant outlet temperature sensor 6, a water pump 4, a heat dissipation fan 5 and a main control unit, wherein air flows in from the air compressor 1, the stack air inlet pressure sensor 2 is installed at the outlet of the air compressor 1 and then connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 3, and the stack air outlet pressure sensor 7 is installed at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 3; a temperature sensor 6 of a cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile is arranged at the cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile and then connected to a cooling liquid inlet of a cooling fan 5, the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling fan 5 is connected to an inlet of a water pump 4, and an outlet of the water pump 4 is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile;
the air compressor 1, the water pump 4 and the cooling fan 5 are connected with the main control unit through a network, and the air inlet pressure sensor 2, the air outlet pressure sensor 7 and the cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor 6 of the galvanic pile are electrically connected with the main control unit.
As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the stack air inlet pressure sensor 2 and the stack air outlet pressure sensor 7 detect the pressure values of the air inlet and the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 3; the main control unit obtains a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile through calculation; setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range; when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is flooded, and the working states of the cooling fan 5 and the air compressor 1 are adjusted to enter a drying mode; when the water content characterization value is smaller than a membrane dry threshold value X1, the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 generates membrane dry, and the working state of the heat radiation fan 5 and the air compressor 1 is adjusted to enter a humidification mode; the air flow is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor 1 through the main control unit, or the heat dissipation capacity is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan 5, so that the temperature in the electric pile is controlled.
Calculating a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile in the main control unit: detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack 3 to obtain the pressure difference value of the air side; calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value; calculating a variance value according to the time mean value; and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
When the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is dry, the main control unit controls the air compressor 1 to reduce the rotating speed so as to reduce the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side can be reduced; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the cooling fan 5 to increase the rotating speed, increase the cooling capacity, reduce the temperature in the galvanic pile and increase the relative humidity of the gas in the flow channel, thereby increasing the water content on the membrane; when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack 3 is flooded with water, the main control unit controls the air compressor 1 to increase the rotating speed so as to increase the air flow, namely, the moisture brought out from the air outlet at the cathode side; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced, the heat dissipation capacity is reduced, and the temperature inside the galvanic pile is increased, so that more liquid water is vaporized into water vapor and is taken away by air.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for judging the content of water produced by a fuel cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and obtaining a water content characterization value of the stack through calculation;
setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range;
when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is flooded, and the working states of the cooling fan (5) and the air compressor (1) are adjusted to enter a drying mode;
when the water content characterization value is smaller than a membrane dry threshold value X1, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is subjected to membrane dry, and the working states of the heat radiation fan (5) and the air compressor (1) are adjusted to enter a humidification mode.
2. The method for determining the produced water content of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the characteristic value of the water content of the stack comprises the steps of:
detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack to obtain a pressure difference value of an air side;
calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value;
calculating a variance value according to the time mean value;
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the fuel cell air side pressure difference value P is determined by a fuel cell water content determination methodiIs calculated as the pressure P of the air inlet pressure sensor (2) of the pileair_inSubtracting the pressure P of the pile air outlet pressure sensor (7)air_outNamely: pi＝Pair_in-Pair_out；
The time average of the cathode pressure drop is expressed as:
the variance of the cathode pressure drop is further expressed as:
and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
4. The method for determining the content of water produced by the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the control of the temperature in the stack is realized by adjusting the rotation speed of the air compressor (1) by the main control unit to adjust the air flow or adjusting the rotation speed of the heat dissipation fan (5) to adjust the heat dissipation amount.
5. The method for judging the content of the generated water of the fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is dry, the main control unit controls the air compressor (1) to reduce the rotating speed; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the cooling fan (5) to increase the rotating speed.
6. The method for determining the content of the water produced by the fuel cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is flooded with water, the main control unit controls the air compressor (1) to increase the rotation speed; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced.
7. A fuel cell generated water content control system is characterized by comprising an air compressor (1), a stack air inlet pressure sensor (2), a stack air outlet pressure sensor (7), a fuel cell stack (3), a stack cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (6), a water pump (4), a cooling fan (5) and a main control unit, wherein air flows in from the air compressor (1), the stack air inlet pressure sensor (2) is installed at the outlet of the air compressor (1) and is then connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (3), and the stack air outlet pressure sensor (7) is installed at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack (3); a temperature sensor (6) of a cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile is arranged at the cooling liquid outlet of the galvanic pile and then connected to a cooling liquid inlet of a cooling fan (5), the cooling liquid outlet of the cooling fan (5) is connected to an inlet of a water pump (4), and an outlet of the water pump (4) is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the galvanic pile;
the air compressor (1), the water pump (4) and the cooling fan (5) are connected with the main control unit through a network, and the pile air inlet pressure sensor (2), the pile air outlet pressure sensor (7) and the pile cooling liquid outlet temperature sensor (6) are electrically connected with the main control unit.
8. A fuel cell generated water content control system according to claim 7, wherein the stack air inlet pressure sensor (2) and the stack air outlet pressure sensor (7) detect pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack (3); the main control unit obtains a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile through calculation; setting a water content range [ X1, X2] of the normal operation of the fuel cell according to the self parameters of the used fuel cell, and judging the water content characterization value according to the water content range; when the water content characterization value is larger than a water flooding threshold value X2, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is flooded, and the working states of the cooling fan (5) and the air compressor (1) are adjusted to enter a drying mode; when the water content characterization value is smaller than a membrane dry threshold value X1, a proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) generates membrane dry, and the working states of a heat radiation fan (5) and an air compressor (1) are adjusted to enter a humidification mode; the air flow is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the air compressor (1) through the main control unit, or the heat dissipation capacity is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the heat dissipation fan (5), so that the temperature in the electric pile is controlled.
9. The fuel cell generated water content control system according to claim 8, wherein a stack water content representative value is calculated in the main control unit: detecting the pressure values of an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack (3) to obtain the pressure difference value of the air side; calculating a time average value according to the pressure difference value; calculating a variance value according to the time mean value; and taking the variance value as a characteristic value of the water content of the galvanic pile.
10. The system for controlling the generated water content of the fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein when the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell stack (3) is dried, the main control unit controls the air compressor (1) to reduce the rotating speed; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the cooling fan (5) to increase the rotating speed; when a proton exchange membrane of a fuel cell stack (3) is flooded with water, the main control unit controls an air compressor (1) to increase the rotating speed; meanwhile, the main control unit controls the rotating speed of the cooling fan to be reduced.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113707915A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-26 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Water management control method and device for fuel cell stack |
| CN113782778A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-10 | 北京格睿能源科技有限公司 | Electric pile water management and control method and device based on fixed frequency impedance and gas pressure drop |
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