CN112490473A - Dynamic water management system of electric pile of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and working method thereof - Google Patents
Dynamic water management system of electric pile of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112490473A CN112490473A CN202011175372.XA CN202011175372A CN112490473A CN 112490473 A CN112490473 A CN 112490473A CN 202011175372 A CN202011175372 A CN 202011175372A CN 112490473 A CN112490473 A CN 112490473A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic water management system of a stack of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a working method thereof. The system comprises: the device comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell module, a water management module, a signal processing module, a detection module, a hydrogen storage device and an air pump. The method comprises the following steps: the signal processing module calculates the parameters of the reaction gas according to the output power, and adjusts the parameters of the reaction gas to control the battery to reach the required power; when the fuel cell works stably, the galvanic pile carries out pulse drainage and condenser auxiliary drainage at the cathode outlet, and continuous drainage is carried out to prevent the galvanic pile from flooding; the membrane hydration state in the galvanic pile is judged by measuring the ohmic impedance of the galvanic pile, the pressure drop of the gas at the anode side and the humidity state in the galvanic pile, and the humidity, the temperature and the pressure of the reaction gas entering the galvanic pile are adjusted to ensure that the membrane hydration state of the galvanic pile is in the optimal working range. The invention dynamically manages the water of the fuel cell stack to form dynamic optimized closed-loop control, so that the stack continuously keeps the optimal working state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water management of fuel cells, in particular to a dynamic water management system of a stack of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a working method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is a power generation device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, only generates electrochemical reaction, has no combustion process, and has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution, long service life, high reliability and the like. The fuel cell directly converts chemical energy into electric energy, so that the efficiency of the fuel cell is far higher than that of an internal combustion engine, the fuel cell is green and environment-friendly energy, can be used as a substitute product of an automobile internal combustion engine, can also be applied to a small centralized power supply or distributed power supply system, and has great development potential and application prospect.
Among them, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) use a polymer membrane as a solid electrolyte, have the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, low-temperature start, no electrolyte leakage, and the like, and are widely used in light vehicles, portable power sources, and small-sized driving devices.
Proton exchange membranes can conduct protons only in a water-wetted state, and the conductivity of the proton exchange membranes is reduced due to the excessively low water content, so that the ohmic voltage loss of the cell is increased, and the activity of the interface of a catalytic layer is reduced after the membranes lose water. Excessive liquid water in the battery can cause electrode flooding, can block oxygen transfer, reduce the utilization rate of the catalyst, block the normal operation of electrochemical reaction, reduce the performance of the battery, and the larger the power density is, the larger the potential influence is; excessive gaseous water dilutes the concentration of the reactant gas, resulting in insufficient reactant gas at the reaction interface. Therefore, in order to improve the performance and lifetime of proton exchange membrane cells, it is important to ensure a stable water content in the proton exchange membrane at all times.
Currently existing water management systems such as CN106450383 use a water level monitoring device to detect the membrane hydration state, and the membrane hydration state in the fuel cell obtained by the change of the water level or performance at the outlet of the fuel cell is poor in real-time performance, and delayed water management is performed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to optimize the stack water management of the pem fuel cell to improve the performance thereof, the present invention provides a dynamic stack water management system of the pem fuel cell and a working method thereof. The method mainly comprises the steps of measuring the anode pressure drop, the ohmic impedance and the humidity state in the fuel cell to accurately obtain the hydration state of the membrane under a specific working state, and performing dynamic closed-loop optimized water management on the fuel cell stack by continuously correcting the parameter state of the reactant gas entering the stack.
The invention adopts a dynamic adjustment strategy, judges the water state in the galvanic pile by using a method for measuring anode pressure drop, galvanic pile impedance and comprehensively judging the humidity in the cell, and dynamically adjusts parameters of reaction gas to dynamically and optimally adjust the water state of the galvanic pile.
The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a dynamic water management system of a galvanic pile of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell module, a water management module, a signal processing module, a detection module, a hydrogen storage device and an air pump, wherein the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module is used for storing hydrogen; the signal processing module is respectively connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module, the water management module, the detection module and the hydrogen storage device; the air pump is connected with the water management module; the hydrogen storage device is connected with the water management module; the detection module is connected with the hydrogen storage device.
Further, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, an ohmic impedance testing device, a pressure sensor of the cell module and a humidity sensor of the cell module; the ohmic impedance testing device, the pressure sensor of the battery module and the humidity sensor of the battery module are respectively connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the water management module comprises a first electric control pressure reducing valve, a second electric control pressure reducing valve, a first electric control temperature adjusting device, a second electric control temperature adjusting device, a first electric control humidifying device, a second electric control humidifying device, a condenser and a third electric control switch valve;
the detection module comprises a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, a first humidity sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor and a second pressure sensor.
Furthermore, the hydrogen storage device is connected with the front ports of the first electric control pressure reducing valve, the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, the first humidity sensor, the first electric control humidifying device, the first electric control temperature adjusting device and the first humidity sensor in sequence.
Further, the air pump is connected with a front port of a second electric control pressure reducing valve, a second pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second electric control humidifying device, a second electric control temperature adjusting device and a second humidity sensor in sequence.
Furthermore, a cathode inlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is connected with a rear port of the second humidity sensor through a second electric control switch valve; and the anode end of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is connected with the rear port of the first humidity sensor through a first electric control switch valve.
Further, the signal processing module is respectively connected with a first electric control pressure reducing valve, a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor, a first electric control switch valve, a first electric control temperature adjusting device, a first electric control humidifying device, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module, a second pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor, a second electric control pressure reducing valve, a second electric control temperature adjusting device, a second electric control humidifying device, a second electric control switch valve and a third electric control switch valve.
And furthermore, continuously draining water when the stack works, wherein an electric control switch valve III is arranged at the outlet of the cathode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module and is connected with a condenser, and pulse drainage is matched with water vapor concentration difference drainage to drain water of the stack. The selection of the electrically controlled switch valve and the condenser can take many forms.
Furthermore, a water outlet of the condenser is connected with the first electronic control humidifying device and the second electronic control humidifying device, and the system recycles reaction generated water.
The invention provides a working method of a dynamic water management system of a stack of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the signal processing module calculates required working parameters according to required output power, and controls the battery to reach the required power by adjusting parameters of the reaction gas (the signal processing module controls an electric control pressure reducing valve, an electric control temperature adjusting device and an electric control humidifying device at a hydrogen end and an air end to control the parameters of the reaction gas entering the fuel cell module); when the fuel cell is in a stable working state and outputs required power, the galvanic pile carries out pulse drainage at a cathode outlet by using an electric control switch valve (the electric control switch valve at the cathode outlet end of the galvanic pile is continuously opened and closed at intervals when the galvanic pile works, and water is taken out by using pulse drainage, namely pressure accumulated when the valve is closed), and a condenser assists in carrying out water vapor concentration difference drainage (water is continuously taken out by using the water vapor concentration difference caused by continuously condensing water in exhaust gas by the condenser), and the galvanic pile is continuously drained to prevent the galvanic pile from being flooded;
(2) the pressure sensor in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module converts the pressure drop of the anode into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the signal processing module, the signal processing module accurately judges the membrane hydration state in the stack through measuring the ohmic impedance of the stack (the ohmic impedance testing device converts the electrochemical impedance change of the fuel cell stack into the electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the signal processing module), the gas pressure drop of the anode side and the humidity state in the stack (the humidity sensor also transmits the humidity state in the stack to the signal processing module in the form of the electric signal); the signal processing module continuously corrects and calculates the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reactant gas which can enable the galvanic pile to be in the optimal membrane hydration state by utilizing the real-time membrane hydration state judgment (the signal processing module assists in accurately judging the membrane hydration state by the humidity state according to the pressure drop and the electrochemical impedance change), and transmits a control signal to the water management module (the control signal is transmitted to the first electric control pressure reducing valve, the first electric control temperature regulating device and the first electric control humidifying device) to adjust the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reactant gas entering the galvanic pile so as to enable the membrane hydration state of the galvanic pile to be in the optimal working range (the water content of the membrane of the fuel cell galvanic pile is dynamically adjusted so as to enable the galvanic pile to be in the optimal working state).
Furthermore, the signal processing module enables the galvanic pile to work normally by adjusting the parameters of the reaction gas, continuously drains water to prevent flooding, simultaneously detects and judges the hydration state of the membrane inside the galvanic pile in real time, and controls the hydration state of the membrane in an optimal interval by adjusting the parameters of the reaction gas entering the galvanic pile so as to form dynamic optimized closed-loop control.
In the dynamic water management system of the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the signal processing module is responsible for the detection, judgment, regulation and control of the system. And the signal processing module, the electric control humidifying device, the electric control temperature adjusting device and the electric control valve can adopt various forms of equipment.
The novel water management system provided by the invention adopts a dynamic closed-loop control strategy to realize optimization. The signal processing module firstly calculates required reaction gas parameters according to required output power, and controls the battery to achieve the required power by adjusting the parameters of the reaction gas. When the fuel cell is in a stable working state, the electric pile uses an electric control switch valve to perform pulse drainage and condenser auxiliary drainage at the cathode outlet, and continuous drainage is performed to prevent the electric pile from flooding. The membrane hydration state in the galvanic pile is accurately judged by measuring the ohmic impedance of the galvanic pile, the pressure drop of the gas at the anode side and the humidity state in the galvanic pile. The signal processing module continuously calculates, corrects and adjusts the humidity, the temperature and the pressure of the reaction gas entering the galvanic pile so as to enable the membrane hydration state of the galvanic pile to be in the optimal working range through the judgment of the real-time membrane hydration state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention dynamically manages the water of the specific working state of the fuel cell stack, continuously adjusts the parameters of the reaction gas to ensure that the stack keeps the continuous optimal working state, avoids the influence of over-drying or flooding inside the cell on the work of the cell, and can improve the working efficiency and the service life of the fuel cell;
(2) the invention adopts a dynamic adjustment strategy, utilizes the method of measuring anode pressure drop, the resistance of the galvanic pile and comprehensively judging the humidity in the cell to judge the water state in the galvanic pile, and carries out dynamic parameter adjustment on reaction gas, thereby being capable of carrying out dynamic optimal adjustment on the water state of the galvanic pile, continuously keeping the galvanic pile in the optimal working state, avoiding the influence of over-drying or flooding in the cell on the work of the cell, and improving the working efficiency and the service life of the fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a stack dynamic water management system for a PEM fuel cell in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control strategy diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a hydrogen storage device, 2-a first electronic control pressure reducing valve, 3-a first pressure sensor, 4-a first temperature sensor, 5-a first electronic control humidifying device, 6-a first electronic control temperature adjusting device, 7-a first humidity sensor, 8-a first electronic control switch valve, 9-a proton exchange membrane fuel cell module, 10-a third electronic control switch valve, 11-a condenser, 12-a signal processing module, 13-an air pump, 14-a second electronic control pressure reducing valve, 15-a second pressure sensor, 16-a second temperature sensor, 17-a second electronic control humidifying device, 18-a second electronic control temperature adjusting device, 19-a second humidity sensor and 20-a second electronic control switch valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a stack dynamic water management system of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a hydrogen storage device 1, an air pump 13, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module 9, a signal processing module 12, and a water management module (including a third electrically controlled switch valve 10, a condenser 11, a first electrically controlled humidification device 5, a first electrically controlled temperature adjustment device 6, a second electrically controlled humidification device 17, and a second electrically controlled temperature adjustment device 18).
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell module 9 comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, an ohmic impedance testing device, a pressure sensor of the cell module and a humidity sensor of the cell module; the ohmic impedance testing device, the pressure sensor of the battery module and the humidity sensor of the battery module are respectively connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
The hydrogen storage device is connected with a first humidity sensor 7 through a first electric control pressure reducing valve 2, a first pressure sensor 3, a first temperature sensor 4, a first electric control humidifying device 5, a first electric control temperature adjusting device 6 and a first electric control temperature adjusting device in sequence. The anode end of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected with the rear port of the first humidity sensor 7 through a first electric control switch valve 8;
the air pump is connected with a second electric control pressure reducing valve 14, a second pressure sensor 15, a second temperature sensor 16, a second electric control humidifying device 17, a second electric control temperature adjusting device 18 and a second humidity sensor 19 in sequence. The cathode gas inlet of the fuel cell is connected with the rear port of the second humidity sensor 19 through a second electric control switch valve 20;
the signal processing module 12 is respectively connected with the first electric control pressure reducing valve 2, the first pressure sensor 3, the first temperature sensor 4, the first electric control humidifying device 5, the first electric control temperature adjusting device 6, the first humidity sensor 7, the first electric control switch valve 8, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module 9, the second electric control pressure reducing valve 14, the second pressure sensor 15, the temperature sensor 16, the second electric control humidifying device 17, the second electric control temperature adjusting device 18, the second humidity sensor 19, the second electric control switch valve 20 and the third electric control switch valve 10; the cathode outlet of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module is connected with a third electric control switch valve 10 and is connected with a condenser 11.
Referring to fig. 2, the working method and working principle of the present invention are described as follows:
firstly, the signal processing module 12 calculates pressure, humidity and temperature parameters required by hydrogen and air input into the reactor according to the input required power, and transmits corresponding control signals to the first electric control pressure reducing valve 2, the second electric control pressure reducing valve 14, the first electric control temperature adjusting device 6, the second electric control temperature adjusting device 18, the first electric control humidifying device 5 and the second electric control humidifying device 17 so as to quantitatively control the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of reaction gas, so that the battery can reach a working state of stably outputting the required power.
The signal processing module 12 continuously controls the third electrically-controlled switch valve 10 at the cathode outlet end of the stack to be opened and closed at intervals when the stack works, the water is taken out by using the pressure accumulated when the valve is closed, and the excessive water in the stack is continuously taken out by the concentration difference of the water vapor caused by the condensation of the water in the exhaust gas through the condenser 11 so as to prevent the stack from being flooded.
The pressure sensor and the ohmic impedance testing device inside the pem fuel cell stack module 9 detect the pressure drop of the anode inside the fuel cell stack and the ohmic impedance of the cell and convert the pressure drop and the ohmic impedance into electric signals to be transmitted to the signal processing module 12, and the humidity sensor converts the detected humidity state inside the pem fuel cell stack into electric signals to be transmitted to the signal processing module 12; the signal processing module 12 accurately judges the hydration state of the membrane inside the galvanic pile according to the anode pressure drop, the impedance change inside the battery and the humidity state inside the galvanic pile.
The signal processing module 12 continuously corrects and calculates the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reactant gas which can enable the galvanic pile to be in the optimal membrane hydration state according to the judgment of the membrane hydration state, and transmits required control signals to the first electric control pressure reducing valve 2, the second electric control pressure reducing valve 14, the first electric control temperature adjusting device 6, the second electric control temperature adjusting device 18, the first electric control humidifying device 5 and the second electric control humidifying device 17 to adjust the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reactant gas entering the galvanic pile, and dynamically adjusts the membrane hydration state in the galvanic pile to enable the membrane hydration state to be in the optimal working range.
In addition, the condenser 11 conveys the collected moisture to the first electric control humidifying device 5 and the second electric control humidifying device 17 for humidifying the reaction gas, and the system recycles the reaction generated water.
The detection, judgment and control of the membrane hydration state are synchronously carried out when the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack works, and the working state of the fuel cell stack is continuously adjusted to realize the dynamic optimization water management of the cell.
In summary, the present invention dynamically manages the specific operating status of the fuel cell stack by the above method, and continuously adjusts the temperature, humidity and pressure parameters of the cell reaction gas to keep the stack in a continuous optimal operating status, thereby avoiding the influence of over-dry or flooding inside the cell on the operation of the cell, and improving the operating efficiency and the service life of the fuel cell.
The system of the present invention can be applied to fuel cells for portable power supplies, small-sized portable power supplies, vehicle-mounted power supplies, backup power supplies, and the like. It can also be used in vehicles such as automobiles, trains, ships and the like.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any drawing in the claims is not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will be able to make the description as a whole, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not limited to the above description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art should, according to the disclosure of the present invention, make improvements and modifications without inventive changes based on the present invention, such as the type of fuel cell, the specific selection of the detection device, the selection of the electrically controlled humidification device, and the selection and arrangement of the condenser, all of which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The dynamic water management system of the electric pile of the fuel cell of proton exchange membrane, wherein, include the fuel cell module of proton exchange membrane, water management module, signal processing module, detection module, hydrogen storage device and air pump; the signal processing module is respectively connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell module, the water management module, the detection module and the hydrogen storage device; the air pump is connected with the water management module; the hydrogen storage device is connected with the water management module; the detection module is connected with the hydrogen storage device.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the pem fuel cell module comprises a pem fuel cell, an ohmic impedance testing device, a cell module pressure sensor, and a cell module humidity sensor; the ohmic impedance testing device, the pressure sensor of the battery module and the humidity sensor of the battery module are respectively connected with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;
the water management module comprises a first electric control pressure reducing valve, a second electric control pressure reducing valve, a first electric control temperature adjusting device, a second electric control temperature adjusting device, a first electric control humidifying device, a second electric control humidifying device, a condenser and a third electric control switch valve;
the detection module comprises a first temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, a first humidity sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor and a second pressure sensor.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen storage device is connected to the front ports of the first electrically controlled pressure reducing valve, the first pressure sensor, the first temperature sensor, the first humidity sensor, the first electrically controlled humidifying device, the first electrically controlled temperature adjusting device, and the first humidity sensor in sequence.
4. The system according to claim 2, wherein the air pump is connected to a front port of a second electrically controlled pressure reducing valve, a second pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second electrically controlled humidifying device, a second electrically controlled temperature adjusting device and a second humidity sensor in sequence.
5. The system according to claim 2, wherein the cathode inlet of the pem fuel cell stack is connected to the rear port of the second humidity sensor via a second electrically controlled switch valve; and the anode end of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack is connected with the rear port of the first humidity sensor through a first electric control switch valve.
6. The system according to claim 2, wherein the signal processing module is connected to a first electrically controlled pressure reducing valve, a first pressure sensor, a first temperature sensor, a first humidity sensor, a first electrically controlled switch valve, a first electrically controlled temperature adjusting device, a first electrically controlled humidifying device, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack module, a second pressure sensor, a second temperature sensor, a second humidity sensor, a second electrically controlled pressure reducing valve, a second electrically controlled temperature adjusting device, a second electrically controlled humidifying device, a second electrically controlled switch valve, and a third electrically controlled switch valve, respectively.
7. The pem fuel cell stack dynamic water management system of claim 1 wherein the cathode outlet of the pem fuel cell stack module is equipped with an electrically controlled on-off valve iii and connected to a condenser, and the stack is drained by the cooperation of pulse drainage and water vapor concentration difference drainage.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the water outlet of the condenser is connected to the first and second electrically controlled humidification devices, and the system recycles water produced by the reaction.
9. A method of operating a stack dynamic water management system of a pem fuel cell according to any of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
(1) the signal processing module calculates required working parameters according to required output power, and controls the battery to reach the required power by adjusting parameters of reaction gas; when the fuel cell is in a stable working state, the galvanic pile carries out pulse drainage at the cathode outlet by using an electric control switch valve, and the condenser assists in carrying out water vapor concentration difference drainage and continuously drains water to the galvanic pile so as to prevent the galvanic pile from flooding;
(2) the signal processing module accurately judges the membrane hydration state in the galvanic pile by measuring ohmic impedance of the galvanic pile, gas pressure drop of the anode side and the humidity state in the galvanic pile; the signal processing module continuously corrects and calculates the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reaction gas which can enable the galvanic pile to be in the optimal membrane hydration state by utilizing the judgment of the real-time membrane hydration state, and transmits a control signal to the water management module to adjust the humidity, temperature and pressure parameters of the reaction gas entering the galvanic pile so as to enable the membrane hydration state of the galvanic pile to be in the optimal working range.
10. The operating method of the stack dynamic water management system of the pem fuel cell as claimed in claim 9, wherein the signal processing module is adapted to adjust the parameters of the reactant gases to make the stack operate normally, continuously perform water drainage to prevent flooding, simultaneously perform real-time detection and determination of the hydration status of the membrane inside the stack, and control the hydration status of the membrane in an optimal interval by adjusting the parameters of the reactant gases entering the stack, so as to form a dynamic optimized closed-loop control.
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| CN112490473B CN112490473B (en) | 2022-09-27 |
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| CN113782778A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-10 | 北京格睿能源科技有限公司 | Electric pile water management and control method and device based on fixed frequency impedance and gas pressure drop |
| CN113991145A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Management system for inlet dynamic water of power generation cell stack reaction and control method thereof |
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| WO2024060797A1 (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2024-03-28 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell, and cell stack humidity control apparatus and method therefor |
| DE102022211807A1 (en) | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-08 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Method for determining a humidity of a gas flow at a measuring point of a fuel cell system, fuel cell system, vehicle, computer program and computer-readable medium |
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