CN113247772A - Load test method for crane solid ship after installation - Google Patents
Load test method for crane solid ship after installation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113247772A CN113247772A CN202110332689.8A CN202110332689A CN113247772A CN 113247772 A CN113247772 A CN 113247772A CN 202110332689 A CN202110332689 A CN 202110332689A CN 113247772 A CN113247772 A CN 113247772A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/46—Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
- B66C23/52—Floating cranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ship equipment installation tests, in particular to a load test method after a crane real ship is installed, which comprises the configuration of a hoisting load, wherein the configuration of the hoisting load comprises the steps of adopting a plurality of hatch covers on the ship as main loads, adopting a plurality of ship ballast irons on the ship as auxiliary loads, and taking the sum of the weights of the main loads and the auxiliary loads as a test load; after the hoisting load is configured, the hatch covers of a plurality of numbers are hooked on a crane in a vertical and sequentially flat mode through steel wire ropes, a ballast iron is hooked on the hatch covers, and then a load test is carried out. The invention reduces the load test cost after the crane is installed and improves the safety and reliability of the crane after installation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship equipment installation tests, in particular to a load test method after a crane real ship is installed.
Background
A crane is important hoisting equipment in ship equipment. Because of its high safety requirements, crane is not only required to be tested and tested according to the specifications during factory manufacture, but also required load tests after being installed on a ship.
In the prior art, the load test after the crane solid ship is installed has the following defects:
firstly, the load used in the crane load test of a large-scale ship is heavy, for example, a certain heavy crane ship needs to carry out the load test on a deck crane, the crane load of the ship is 120 tons, and the crane load is 132T. Before the test, hundreds of tons of heavy objects need to be transported from the wharf to a ship, and the process is complex and the implementation cost is high due to the fact that hundreds of tons of heavy objects need to be hoisted and transported.
And secondly, after the load test, the deformation condition of a main stressed component such as a crane girder is inspected, whether the appearance of the main stressed component is obviously deformed or not is mainly observed, and quantitative evaluation is lacked.
Therefore, in order to improve the safety of the crane after installation, it is necessary to find a better load test method of the crane after installation of the real ship through technical improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a load test method after a crane real ship is installed, which aims to reduce the load test cost after the crane is installed and improve the safety and reliability of the crane after the crane is installed. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a load test method after a crane real ship is installed comprises the configuration of a hoisting load, wherein the configuration of the hoisting load comprises the steps of adopting a plurality of hatch covers on a ship as main loads, adopting a plurality of ship ballast irons on the ship as auxiliary loads, and taking the sum of the weights of the main loads and the auxiliary loads as a test load; after the hoisting load is configured, the hatch covers of a plurality of numbers are hooked on a crane in a vertical and sequentially flat mode through steel wire ropes, a ballast iron is hooked on the hatch covers, and then a load test is carried out.
According to the invention, the crane is hung on a side lifting lug of the hatch cover, and the ballast iron is hung on a container fixing lug ring on the hatch cover.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test load, in the configuration of the hoisting load, the first electronic crane scale is adopted to weigh each hatch cover and each ballast iron separately in advance, and then the weight of the main load and the auxiliary load is calculated to ensure that the test load meets the test requirement.
In order to further improve the accuracy of load configuration, a further improvement method comprises the following steps: and in the configuration of the hoisting load, an adjusting load is also configured, and the sum of the weights of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjusting load is used as a test load.
Preferably, the adjusting load comprises a second electronic hanging scale and a water bag hung below the second electronic hanging scale, and the water bag is a water-filling water bag with adjustable water quantity; the second electronic hanging scale in the adjusting load is weighed by the first electronic hanging scale in advance, and after the self weight of the second electronic hanging scale is determined, the rated water filling amount of the water bag is calculated according to the weight of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjusting load and the requirement that the required weight meets the specified test load; before a load test, the adjusting load is hooked on the crane together with the hatch cover through a steel wire rope, and after the adjusting load is hooked, dynamic water filling is carried out in the water bag by a pump until the water filling quantity of the water bag meets the rated water filling quantity as measured by the second electronic crane scale.
In the invention, the first electronic crane is called a large electronic crane scale, and the second electronic crane is called a small electronic crane scale.
As a further improvement, the load test method after the crane solid vessel is installed further comprises the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the crane main beam in the load test; the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the crane girder comprises the following steps:
(1) designing and manufacturing the girder deformation detection device: designing and manufacturing a main beam deformation detection device, wherein the main beam deformation detection device comprises an optical signal emitter and an optical signal detector; the optical signal transmitter comprises a first fixing plate and a laser pen, wherein the first fixing plate is used for being connected with one end of a crane main beam, the laser pen is installed on the first fixing plate, and the installation angle of the laser pen on the first fixing plate is adjustable; the optical signal detector comprises a second fixed plate, a target plate and target paper, wherein the second fixed plate is used for being connected with the other end of the crane main beam, the target plate is arranged on the second fixed plate through an angle adjusting device, and the target paper is used for realizing adhesive connection with the target plate; the target board is marked with a central target point, and the target paper is drawn with N +1 concentric rings which take the central target point as the center and are used for forming a 0-N ring detection interval.
(2) Installation and adjustment of the girder deformation detection device: before a load test, fixedly installing an optical signal emitter and an optical signal detector at two ends of a crane main beam respectively, adjusting the angle position of a laser pen to enable the laser pen to irradiate the central position of the target board, locking and fixing the laser pen after the angle adjustment, then adhering target paper on the target board, and during adhering, paying attention to the position adjustment of the target paper and enabling the irradiation point of the laser pen to be located at the central position of a 0-ring of the target paper;
(3) and (3) load test: loading a load on the crane, and then carrying out a load test, wherein the load test comprises a swing test, a variable amplitude test, a brake test and an emergency brake test;
(4) quantitative evaluation of girder deformation: after the load test is finished, observing and recording the quadrant position of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, recording the ring number of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, and taking the ring number of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper as the equivalent value of quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam; and when the equivalent value of the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam does not exceed the set equivalent value, judging that the deformation of the main beam is qualified, otherwise, judging that the deformation of the main beam is out of tolerance.
In order to master the deformation condition of the main beam in the process of the load test, in the installation and adjustment of the main beam deformation detection device, a camera device for observing the dynamic deformation of the main beam in the load test is further installed on the target board through a support, and the camera device is aligned to the target paper on the target board.
The further improvement scheme is as follows: after the dynamic image of the irradiation point of the laser pen obtained by the camera device is processed by a computer, a distribution cloud picture of the change track of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper is formed, and the distribution cloud picture is used for the anti-deformation improvement design of a crane girder.
In order to improve the sensitivity of girder deformation detection, a further improvement scheme is as follows: the main beam deformation detection device is provided with a bidirectional amplifier, the bidirectional amplifier comprises a positioning seat connected with the angle adjusting device, a swinging ring rotationally connected in an inner hole of the positioning seat through a first hinge shaft, and the target board rotationally connected in the swinging ring through a second hinge shaft, the rotating axis of the swinging ring is mutually vertical to the rotating axis of the target board, and the rotating axis of the swinging ring and the rotating axis of the target board are both positioned on the same plane of target paper arranged on the target board; the positioning seat is provided with a first hinge shaft locking device, and the swinging ring is provided with a second hinge shaft locking device.
Because the rotation axis of the swinging ring and the rotation axis of the target board are both positioned on the same plane of the target paper arranged on the target board, the position of the target center point after the target board rotates is unchanged.
In the invention, an angle detection sensor for detecting the inclination angle of the target plate is also arranged in the positioning seat, and the angle detection sensor is connected with an angle display device.
Preferably, the angle detection sensor comprises two pairs of distance measurement sensors arranged in a cross position, each pair of distance measurement sensors measures the distance from the target board, the distance difference is calculated by an MCU module arranged in the angle display device, the inclination angles of the target board in two cross directions are calculated according to the distance between each pair of distance measurement sensors, and the inclination angles in the two cross directions are dynamically displayed on a display screen of the angle display device respectively.
After the load test, the angle of the target board is adjusted through the rotary connection of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft, so that laser emitted by the laser pen is obliquely irradiated on the target board, the number of rings of irradiation points of the laser pen on the target paper after the target board is inclined is observed, and the number is used as the inclination equivalent value of the main beam deformation quantitative evaluation in the inclination direction.
When the laser irradiation point is not at the target central point position, the deformation of the main beam is indicated to enable the laser irradiation point to be deviated. When the offset amount is small, the target plate can be operated to incline the laser irradiation direction to a certain degree, so that the offset amount of the laser irradiation point relative to the 0-ring position can be enlarged. Thereby improving the sensitivity of the girder deformation detection.
The equivalent value set in the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam can be determined by design calculation or can be obtained by a test performed in advance in a factory; or by means of design calculations combined with tests performed beforehand by the plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the load test method of the crane solid ship after installation adopts a plurality of hatch covers on the ship as main loads and a plurality of ballast irons for the ship as auxiliary loads, thereby overcoming the defects of troublesome operation and high implementation cost caused by the need of transporting hundreds of tons of heavy objects from a wharf to the ship in the traditional load test.
Secondly, the load test method after the crane solid ship is installed is configured with the adjusting load, and the total load is accurately adjusted by using the water bag, so that the accuracy of the load test is improved.
Thirdly, according to the load test method after the crane real ship is installed, quantitative evaluation of deformation of the crane main beam is achieved by arranging the main beam deformation detection device on the crane main beam, and therefore safety and reliability of use of the crane after installation are improved.
Fourthly, according to the load test method after the crane real ship is installed, when the offset of the laser irradiation point on the target paper is found to be small after the load test, the target plate can be operated to enable the target plate to incline to a certain extent with the laser irradiation direction, so that the offset of the laser irradiation point relative to the 0-ring position can be amplified, the sensitivity of girder deformation detection is improved, and further the quantitative evaluation criterion of girder deformation under the set inclination angle can be formed.
Fifthly, according to the load test method after the crane solid vessel is installed, the dynamic image of the irradiation point of the laser pen obtained through the camera device is processed by the computer to form the distribution cloud chart of the change track of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, and the distribution cloud chart can assist designers to accurately judge and evaluate the weak link of the crane main beam, so that the deformation-resistant improved design or the reinforced design of the crane main beam can be pertinently implemented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a method of load testing a crane-based vessel of the present invention after installation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a load being weighed prior to a load test using a first electronic scale;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the load testing method of FIG. 1 with the addition of an adjustment load and a main beam deformation detection device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main beam deformation detecting device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 (left side view) relating to the portion of the targeting plate;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main beam deformation detection device of fig. 4 with the addition of a bidirectional amplifier for improving detection sensitivity;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram (left side view) of the structure of fig. 6 relating to a bidirectional amplifier.
In the figure: 1. crane, 2, hatch cover, 3, ballast iron, 4, steel wire rope, 5, side lifting lug, 6, fixed ear ring, 7, first electronic crane scale, 8, second electronic crane scale, 9, water bag, 10, girder deformation detection device, 11, optical signal emitter, 12, optical signal detector, 13, first fixed plate, 14, laser pen, 15, second fixed plate, 16, angle adjustment device, 17, target plate, 18, target paper, 19, concentric ring, 20, irradiation point of laser pen, 21, bracket, 22, camera device, 23, quadrant division line, 24, bidirectional amplifier, 25, positioning seat, 26, first hinge shaft, 27, swing ring, 28, second hinge shaft, 29, crane girder, 30, first hinge shaft locking device, 31, second hinge shaft locking device, 32, angle detection sensor, 33, angle display device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Fig. 1 to 7 show an embodiment of a load test method of a crane ship after installation according to the present invention, which includes a configuration of a hoisting load, where the configuration of the hoisting load includes using a plurality of hatch covers 2 existing on the ship as a main load, using a plurality of ballast irons 3 existing on the ship as an auxiliary load, and using the sum of the weights of the main load and the auxiliary load as a test load; after the hoisting load is configured, the hatch covers 2 of a plurality of numbers are hooked on the crane 1 in a vertical and orderly flat mode through the steel wire rope 4, the ballast iron 3 is hooked on the hatch covers 2, and then the load test is carried out.
In this embodiment, the crane 1 is hung on a side lifting lug of the hatch cover 2, and the ballast iron is hung on a container fixing lug 6 on the hatch cover 2.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the test load, in the configuration of the hoisting load, the first electronic crane scale 7 is adopted to weigh each hatch cover 2 and each ballast iron 3 separately in advance, and then the weight of the main load and the auxiliary load is calculated to ensure that the test load meets the test requirement.
In order to further improve the accuracy of load configuration, a further improvement method comprises the following steps: and in the configuration of the hoisting load, an adjusting load is also configured, and the sum of the weights of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjusting load is used as a test load.
Preferably, the adjusting load comprises a second electronic hanging scale 8 and a water bag 9 hung below the second electronic hanging scale 8, and the water bag 9 is a water-filled water bag with adjustable water quantity; the second electronic hanging scale 8 in the adjusting load is weighed by the first electronic hanging scale 7 in advance, and after the weight of the second electronic hanging scale 8 is determined, the rated water filling amount of the water bag 9 is calculated according to the weight of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjusting load and the requirement that the required specified test load is met; before a load test, the adjusting load is hooked on the crane 1 together with the hatch cover 2 through a steel wire rope, after the adjusting load is hooked, dynamic water filling is carried out in the water bag 9 through a pump until the water filling quantity of the water bag 9 meets the rated water filling quantity as shown by the measurement of the second electronic hanging scale 8.
In this embodiment, the first electronic crane scale 7 is a large electronic crane scale, and the second electronic crane scale 8 is a small electronic crane scale.
As a further improvement, the load test method after the crane solid vessel is installed in the embodiment further includes quantitative evaluation of deformation of the crane main beam in the load test; the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the crane girder comprises the following steps:
(1) designing and manufacturing the girder deformation detection device: designing and manufacturing a main beam deformation detection device 10, wherein the main beam deformation detection device 10 comprises an optical signal emitter 11 and an optical signal detector 12; the optical signal transmitter 11 comprises a first fixing plate and a laser pen 14, wherein the first fixing plate is used for being connected with one end of a crane girder 29, the laser pen 14 is installed on the first fixing plate 13, and the installation angle of the laser pen 14 on the first fixing plate 13 is adjustable; the optical signal detector 12 comprises a second fixed plate 15 connected with the other end of a crane girder 29, a target plate 17 arranged on the second fixed plate 15 through an angle adjusting device 16, and a target paper 18 for realizing adhesive connection with the target plate 17; the target board 17 is marked with a central target point, and the target paper 17 is drawn with N +1 concentric rings 19 which take the central target point as the center and are used for forming a 0-N ring detection interval.
(2) Installation and adjustment of the girder deformation detection device: before a load test, fixedly mounting an optical signal emitter 11 and an optical signal detector 12 at two ends of a crane main beam 29 respectively, adjusting the angle position of a laser pen 14 to enable the laser pen 14 to irradiate the central position of a target board 17, locking and fixing the laser pen 14 after the angle adjustment, then adhering target paper 18 on the target board 17, adjusting the position of the target paper 18 during adhering and enabling the irradiation point of the laser pen 14 to be located at the 0-ring central position of the target paper 18;
(3) and (3) load test: loading a load on a crane 1, and then carrying out a load test, wherein the load test comprises a swing test, a variable amplitude test, a brake test and an emergency brake test;
(4) quantitative evaluation of girder deformation: after the load test is finished, observing and recording the quadrant position of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen on the target paper 18, recording the ring number of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen on the target paper 18, and taking the ring number of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen on the target paper 18 as the equivalent value of quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam; and when the equivalent value of the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam does not exceed the set equivalent value, judging that the deformation of the main beam is qualified, otherwise, judging that the deformation of the main beam is out of tolerance.
In order to grasp the deformation condition of the main beam in the load test process, in the installation and adjustment of the main beam deformation detection device, a camera device 22 for observing the dynamic deformation of the main beam in the load test is further installed on the target board 17 through a support 21, and the camera device 22 is aligned with the target paper 18 on the target board 17.
The further improvement scheme is as follows: after the dynamic image of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen obtained by the camera device 22 is processed by a computer, a distribution cloud chart of the change track of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen on the target paper 18 is formed, and the distribution cloud chart is used for the anti-deformation improved design of the crane girder 29.
In order to improve the sensitivity of girder deformation detection, a further improvement scheme is as follows: the main beam deformation detection device is provided with a bidirectional amplifier 24, the bidirectional amplifier 24 comprises a positioning seat 25 connected with the angle adjustment device 16, a swinging ring 27 rotatably connected in an inner hole of the positioning seat 25 through a first hinge shaft 26, and the target board 17 rotatably connected in the swinging ring 27 through a second hinge shaft 28, the rotating axis of the swinging ring 27 is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the target board 17, and the rotating axis of the swinging ring 27 and the rotating axis of the target board 17 are both positioned on the same plane of the target paper 18 arranged on the target board 17; a first hinge shaft locking device 30 is arranged on the positioning seat 26, and a second hinge shaft locking device 31 is arranged on the swinging ring 27.
Because the rotation axis of the swing ring 27 and the rotation axis of the target board 17 are both located on the same plane of the target paper 18 arranged on the target board 17, the position of the target center point after the target board 17 rotates is unchanged.
In this embodiment, an angle detection sensor 32 for detecting an inclination angle of the target board 17 is further disposed in the positioning seat 25, and the angle detection sensor 32 is connected to an angle display device 33.
Preferably, the angle detection sensor 32 includes two pairs of distance measurement sensors arranged in a cross position, each pair of distance measurement sensors measures a distance from the target board, respectively, the distance difference is calculated by an MCU module built in the angle display device 33, and then the tilt angles of the target board 17 in two cross directions are calculated according to the distance between each pair of distance measurement sensors, and the tilt angles in the two cross directions are dynamically displayed on the display screen of the angle display device 33, respectively.
After the load test, the angle of the target board 17 is adjusted through the rotating connection of the first hinge shaft 26 and the second hinge shaft 28, so that the laser emitted by the laser pen 14 obliquely irradiates on the target board 17, and the number of rings of the irradiation point 20 of the laser pen on the target paper 18 after the target board 17 is inclined is observed as the inclination equivalent value of the main beam deformation quantitative evaluation in the inclined direction.
When the laser irradiation point is not at the target central point position, the deformation of the main beam is indicated to enable the laser irradiation point to be deviated. When the amount of deviation is small, the amount of deviation of the laser irradiation point from the 0-ring position can be enlarged by operating the target 17 so that the target 17 is inclined to the laser irradiation direction by a certain amount. Thereby improving the sensitivity of the girder deformation detection.
The equivalent value set in the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam can be determined by design calculation or can be obtained by a test performed in advance in a factory; or by means of design calculations combined with tests performed beforehand by the plant.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A load test method after a crane real ship is installed is characterized by comprising the configuration of a hoisting load, wherein the configuration of the hoisting load comprises the steps of adopting a plurality of hatch covers existing on a ship as main loads, adopting a plurality of ballast irons existing on the ship as auxiliary loads, and taking the sum of the weights of the main loads and the auxiliary loads as a test load; after the hoisting load is configured, the hatch covers of a plurality of numbers are hooked on a crane in a vertical and sequentially flat mode through steel wire ropes, a ballast iron is hooked on the hatch covers, and then a load test is carried out.
2. The method for testing the load of the crane after the real ship is installed according to claim 1, wherein the crane is hung on a side lifting lug of a hatch cover, and the ballast iron is hung on a container fixing lug on the hatch cover.
3. The method for testing the load of the crane real ship after being installed according to claim 1, wherein in the configuration of the hoisting load, each hatch cover and each ballast iron are weighed independently by the first electronic crane in advance, and then the weight of the main load and the weight of the auxiliary load are calculated to ensure that the test load meets the test requirements.
4. The method for testing the load after the installation of the crane ship according to claim 3, wherein the hoisting load is further provided with an adjustment load, and the sum of the weights of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjustment load is used as the test load.
5. The method for testing the load of the crane ship after being installed according to claim 4, wherein the adjusting load comprises a second electronic crane scale and a water bag hung below the second electronic crane scale, and the water bag is a water-filling water bag with adjustable water quantity; the second electronic hanging scale in the adjusting load is weighed by the first electronic hanging scale in advance, and after the self weight of the second electronic hanging scale is determined, the rated water filling amount of the water bag is calculated according to the weight of the main load, the auxiliary load and the adjusting load and the requirement that the required weight meets the specified test load; before a load test, the adjusting load is hooked on the crane together with the hatch cover through a steel wire rope, and after the adjusting load is hooked, dynamic water filling is carried out in the water bag by a pump until the water filling quantity of the water bag meets the rated water filling quantity as measured by the second electronic crane scale.
6. The method for testing the load of the crane solid ship after being installed according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the steps of quantitatively evaluating the deformation of a crane girder in the load test; the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the crane girder comprises the following steps:
(1) designing and manufacturing the girder deformation detection device: designing and manufacturing a main beam deformation detection device, wherein the main beam deformation detection device comprises an optical signal emitter and an optical signal detector; the optical signal transmitter comprises a first fixing plate and a laser pen, wherein the first fixing plate is used for being connected with one end of a crane main beam, the laser pen is installed on the first fixing plate, and the installation angle of the laser pen on the first fixing plate is adjustable; the optical signal detector comprises a second fixed plate, a target plate and target paper, wherein the second fixed plate is used for being connected with the other end of the crane main beam, the target plate is arranged on the second fixed plate through an angle adjusting device, and the target paper is used for realizing adhesive connection with the target plate; the target board is marked with a central target point, and the target paper is drawn with N +1 concentric rings which take the central target point as the center and are used for forming a 0-N ring detection interval.
(2) Installation and adjustment of the girder deformation detection device: before a load test, fixedly installing an optical signal emitter and an optical signal detector at two ends of a crane main beam respectively, adjusting the angle position of a laser pen to enable the laser pen to irradiate the central position of the target board, locking and fixing the laser pen after the angle adjustment, then adhering target paper on the target board, and during adhering, paying attention to the position adjustment of the target paper and enabling the irradiation point of the laser pen to be located at the central position of a 0-ring of the target paper;
(3) and (3) load test: loading a load on the crane, and then carrying out a load test, wherein the load test comprises a swing test, a variable amplitude test, a brake test and an emergency brake test;
(4) quantitative evaluation of girder deformation: after the load test is finished, observing and recording the quadrant position of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, recording the ring number of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, and taking the ring number of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper as the equivalent value of quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam; and when the equivalent value of the quantitative evaluation of the deformation of the main beam does not exceed the set equivalent value, judging that the deformation of the main beam is qualified, otherwise, judging that the deformation of the main beam is out of tolerance.
7. The method for testing the load of the real crane ship after being installed according to claim 6, wherein during the installation and adjustment of the girder deformation detection device, a camera device for observing the dynamic deformation of the girder in the load test is further installed on the target board through a bracket, and the camera device is aligned with the target paper on the target board.
8. The method for testing the load after the crane solid vessel is installed according to claim 7, wherein a dynamic image of an irradiation point of the laser pen obtained by the camera device is processed by a computer to form a distribution cloud chart of a change track of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper, and the distribution cloud chart is used for deformation-resistant improvement design of a crane main beam.
9. The method for testing the load of the crane ship after being installed according to claim 6, wherein a bidirectional amplifier is arranged on the main beam deformation detection device, the bidirectional amplifier comprises a positioning seat connected with the angle adjustment device, a swinging ring rotatably connected in an inner hole of the positioning seat through a first hinge shaft, and the target plate rotatably connected in the swinging ring through a second hinge shaft, the rotating axis of the swinging ring is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the target plate, and the rotating axis of the swinging ring and the rotating axis of the target plate are both positioned on the same plane of target paper arranged on the target plate; the positioning seat is provided with a first hinge shaft locking device, and the swinging ring is provided with a second hinge shaft locking device.
10. The method for testing the load of a crane ship after being installed according to claim 9, wherein the angle of the target board is adjusted by the rotational connection of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft after the load test, so that the laser emitted by the laser pen obliquely irradiates on the target board, and the number of rings of the irradiation point of the laser pen on the target paper after the target board is inclined is observed as the inclination equivalent value of the girder deformation in the inclination direction for quantitative evaluation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110332689.8A CN113247772B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Load test method after crane real ship installation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110332689.8A CN113247772B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Load test method after crane real ship installation |
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| JPH08157188A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Deflection detecting method of boom in crane and operation radius calculating method and operation radius calculating device |
| JP2014097867A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-29 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Material Handling Systems Co Ltd | Gib crane |
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| CN109855554A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-07 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | Deflection measuring apparatus and method for engineering truck machinery arm |
| CN110329908A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-15 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | A kind of heavy lift carrier master hangs connection and hangs test method |
| CN111504678A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-07 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Floating barge for crane load test and load test method |
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| JPH08157188A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Deflection detecting method of boom in crane and operation radius calculating method and operation radius calculating device |
| JP2014097867A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-29 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Material Handling Systems Co Ltd | Gib crane |
| CN106081944A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏宏强船舶重工有限公司 | A kind of abridged edition type hoisting test method of heavy lift carrier |
| CN109855554A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-07 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | Deflection measuring apparatus and method for engineering truck machinery arm |
| CN110329908A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-15 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | A kind of heavy lift carrier master hangs connection and hangs test method |
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