CN113245857A - Manufacturing process of heat exchange tube for seawater desalination evaporator - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of heat exchange tube for seawater desalination evaporator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113245857A CN113245857A CN202110489485.5A CN202110489485A CN113245857A CN 113245857 A CN113245857 A CN 113245857A CN 202110489485 A CN202110489485 A CN 202110489485A CN 113245857 A CN113245857 A CN 113245857A
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- heat exchange
- exchange tube
- saponification
- temperature
- round steel
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/06—Metal-working plant comprising a number of associated machines or apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B19/00—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work
- B21B19/02—Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling ; Diescher mills, Stiefel disc piercers or Stiefel rotary piercers
- B21B19/04—Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing, e.g. rotary piercing mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
- B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
- B21C9/005—Cold application of the lubricant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a heat exchange tube for a seawater desalination evaporator, which comprises the following process steps: blanking → high temperature perforation → acid pickling phosphorization saponification lubrication → cold rolling → low temperature phosphorization → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → non-oxidation annealing → cutting head and tail changing → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → isothermal heat treatment → straightening → cutting head and tail length fixing → eddy current and ultrasonic flaw detection. The heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator with the outer diameter of 15.8 multiplied by the thickness of 2.1mm can be produced in batch by the processing technology, the inner surface of the heat exchange tube is not easy to crack, and the mechanical property of the heat exchange tube can meet the following requirements: the tensile strength is not less than 415MPa, the yield strength is not less than 205MPa, the elongation is not less than 30 percent, and the Rockwell hardness HRB is not more than 85.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pipe processing technology, in particular to a manufacturing process of a heat exchange pipe for a seawater desalination evaporator.
Background
The heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator with the outer diameter of 15.8mm multiplied by the thickness of 2.1mm is needed at present, and the mechanical property of the heat exchange tube needs to meet the following requirements: the tensile strength is not less than 415MPa, the yield strength is not less than 205MPa, the elongation is not less than 30 percent, and the Rockwell hardness HRB is not more than 85. The inner surface of the heat exchange tube is easy to crack, and the mechanical property requirement is high, so the heat exchange tube is difficult to process by adopting the existing processing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator, which has the mechanical property meeting the requirement and the outer diameter of 15.8 multiplied by the thickness of 2.1mm, can be produced in batches by adopting the manufacturing process.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a manufacturing process of a heat exchange tube for a seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following process steps: blanking → high temperature perforation → acid pickling phosphorization saponification lubrication → cold rolling → low temperature phosphorization → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → non-oxidation annealing → head and tail cutting → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → isothermal heat treatment → straightening → head and tail cutting for length → vortex and ultrasonic flaw detection; the method is characterized in that:
(1) in the blanking process: preparing a round steel blank, wherein the steel number of the round steel blank is T11, and the diameter of the round steel blank is phi 50mm, and cutting the round steel blank into sections on a cutting machine to obtain a section of round steel with equal length;
(2) in high-temperature perforation: heating round steel in a heating furnace, firstly, preserving heat of the round steel at 900 +/-10 ℃ for 18-22 minutes for preheating, then uniformly heating the round steel from 900 +/-10 ℃ to 1280 +/-10 ℃ for 13-17 minutes, and preserving heat at 1280 +/-10 ℃ for 8-12 minutes, so that the temperature consistency of the exterior of the round steel and the core part is ensured; punching the round steel on a punching machine set immediately after the round steel is taken out of the furnace to obtain a steel pipe, wherein the size of the steel pipe is 50mm in outer diameter and 3mm in thickness, the temperature of the round steel is kept between 1220 and 1250 ℃ in the punching process, and the rolling speed is 0.4 +/-0.05 m/s;
(3) in low-temperature phosphating: the phosphating solution comprises the following components: 50-60 g/L of zinc oxide, 3-6 ml/L of nitric acid, 200-250 g/L of zinc nitrate and 150-200 g/L of phosphoric acid; the pH value of the phosphating solution is 0.5-1.5, the free acidity is 8-12 drop, the total acidity of the phosphating solution is 180-240 drop, the phosphating time is 20-30 minutes, and the phosphating temperature is 15-30 ℃;
(4) in the isothermal heat treatment: carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the heat exchange tube in a non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, wherein the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace is sequentially divided into eight heating zones and one air cooling zone from top to bottom, and the temperatures of the eight heating zones and the air cooling zone are set as follows: 720 +/-10 ℃, and the total length of the eight heating zones is as follows: 22.1 +/-1 meter, and the length of the air cooling area is 3 +/-0.2 meter; the heat exchange tube enters from a feed inlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, then sequentially passes through each heating zone and the air cooling zone, and then leaves from a discharge outlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, and the total time of the heat exchange tube passing through the eight heating zones is as follows: 75.3 +/-2 minutes, and the time for the heat exchange tube to pass through the air cooling area is as follows: 9 plus or minus 1 minute, the frequency of a cooling fan in the air cooling area is 5 plus or minus 1Hz, nitrogen is introduced into the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace for protection during heat treatment, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 150 plus or minus 20 cubic meters per hour.
Further, the manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following steps: in the non-oxidation annealing: the temperature of the heat treatment furnace is 800-820 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 60 +/-5 minutes.
Further, the manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following steps: cold rolling is carried out on a two-roll cold mill.
Further, the manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following steps: in the phosphorus washing saponification lubrication: placing the steel pipe for 24 hours, and then carrying out acid pickling, phosphorization and saponification treatment, wherein the acid pickling comprises the following steps: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 3-16%, the content of ferrous sulfate in the sulfuric acid is less than or equal to 280g/L, the temperature of an acid cylinder is 40-60 ℃, and the pickling time is 30-50 minutes; after being cleaned by a clean water cylinder, phosphorizing, wherein the total acidity of the phosphorizing liquid is 15-45 drop, the free acidity is 0.3-1.5 drop, the temperature of the phosphorizing cylinder is 75 +/-2 ℃, and the phosphorizing time is 10-12 minutes; and cleaning the mixture by using a clean water cylinder, and then saponifying the mixture, wherein the pH value of a saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes.
Further, the manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following steps: in saponification lubrication: the pH value of the saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes.
The invention has the advantages that: the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator with the outer diameter of 15.8 multiplied by the thickness of 2.1mm can be produced in batch by adopting the manufacturing process, the inner surface of the heat exchange tube is not easy to crack, and the mechanical property of the heat exchange tube can meet the following requirements: the tensile strength is not less than 415MPa, the yield strength is not less than 205MPa, the elongation is not less than 30 percent, and the Rockwell hardness HRB is not more than 85.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
A manufacturing process of a heat exchange tube for a seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following process steps: blanking → high temperature perforation → acid pickling phosphorization saponification lubrication → cold rolling → low temperature phosphorization → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → non-oxidation annealing → head and tail cutting → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → isothermal heat treatment → straightening → head and tail cutting for length → vortex and ultrasonic flaw detection;
(1) in the blanking process: preparing a round steel blank, wherein the steel number of the round steel blank is T11, and the diameter size of the round steel blank is phi 50mm, and cutting the round steel blank into sections on a cutting machine to obtain a section of round steel with the length of 750 mm;
(2) in high-temperature perforation: heating round steel in a heating furnace, firstly preserving heat of the round steel at 900 ℃ for 20 minutes for preheating, then uniformly heating from 900 ℃ to 1280 ℃ for 15 minutes, and then preserving heat at 1280 ℃ for 10 minutes, thereby ensuring the temperature consistency of the outer part and the core part of the round steel; punching the round steel on a punching machine set immediately after the round steel is discharged from a furnace to obtain a steel pipe, wherein the size of the steel pipe is 50mm in outer diameter and 3mm in thickness, the temperature of the round steel is kept between 1220 and 1250 ℃ in the punching process, and the rolling speed is 0.4 m/s; the high-temperature perforation developed aiming at the T11 steel grade solves the phenomenon that the inner surface is easy to generate cracks in the perforation process;
(3) acid pickling, phosphorization, saponification and lubrication: placing the steel pipe for 24 hours, and then carrying out acid pickling, phosphorization and saponification treatment, wherein the acid pickling comprises the following steps: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 3-16%, the content of ferrous sulfate in the sulfuric acid is less than or equal to 280g/L, the temperature of an acid cylinder is 40-60 ℃, and the pickling time is 30-50 minutes; after being cleaned by a clean water cylinder, phosphorizing, wherein the total acidity of the phosphorizing liquid is 15-45 drop, the free acidity is 0.3-1.5 drop, the temperature of the phosphorizing cylinder is 75 +/-2 ℃, and the phosphorizing time is 10-12 minutes; cleaning the mixture by a clean water cylinder, and then saponifying the mixture, wherein the pH value of a saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes;
(4) in the cold rolling: cold rolling is carried out on a two-roller cold rolling mill, and the size of the rolled steel pipe is 28 times of the outer diameter and 2.3mm of the thickness;
(5) in low-temperature phosphating: the treatment can finish the purposes of deoiling, derusting and phosphating at one time, and the phosphating solution comprises the following components: 50-60 g/L of zinc oxide, 3-6 ml/L of nitric acid, 200-250 g/L of zinc nitrate and 150-200 g/L of phosphoric acid; the pH value of the phosphating solution is 0.5-1.5, the free acidity is 8-12 drop, the total acidity of the phosphating solution is 180-240 drop, the phosphating time is 20-30 minutes, and the phosphating temperature is 15-30 ℃;
(6) in saponification lubrication: the pH value of the saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes;
(7) cold drawing: drawing the steel pipe on a drawing machine by adopting an outer die and an inner die so as to obtain the steel pipe with the size of 22 multiplied by 2mm in thickness; during drawing, a drawing trolley on the drawing machine is used for drawing the steel pipe by biting a head on one end of the steel pipe;
(8) in the non-oxidation annealing: the temperature of the heat treatment furnace is 800-820 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 60 +/-5 minutes;
(9) cutting the head and changing the tail: cutting off the head on the head end of the steel pipe, wherein the head is cut off within 2cm behind the empty drawing impression at the end part of the steel pipe, so that the head and the empty drawing part are cut off together; heading the tail end of the steel pipe on a cold rolling heading machine to obtain the steel pipe with a head at the tail end, wherein the diameter of the head is less than 15 mm;
(10) in saponification lubrication: the pH value of the saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes;
(11) cold drawing: drawing the steel pipe by adopting an outer die and an inner die on a drawing machine to obtain the heat exchange pipe for the seawater desalination evaporator with the size of 15.8 times of outer diameter and 2.1mm of thickness; during drawing, a drawing trolley on the drawing machine is used for drawing the steel pipe by biting a head on one end of the steel pipe;
(12) in the isothermal heat treatment: carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the heat exchange tube in a non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, wherein the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace is sequentially divided into eight heating zones and one air cooling zone from top to bottom, and the temperatures of the eight heating zones and the air cooling zone are set as follows: 720 +/-10 ℃, and the total length of the eight heating zones is as follows: 22.1 +/-1 meter, and the length of the air cooling area is 3 +/-0.2 meter; the heat exchange tube enters from a feed inlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, then sequentially passes through each heating zone and the air cooling zone, and then leaves from a discharge outlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, and the total time of the heat exchange tube passing through the eight heating zones is as follows: 75.3 +/-2 minutes, and the time for the heat exchange tube to pass through the air cooling area is as follows: 9 +/-1 min, the frequency of a cooling fan in the air cooling area is 5 +/-1 Hz, nitrogen is introduced into the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace for protection during heat treatment, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 150 +/-20 cubic meters per hour; at the temperature of 720 ℃ for a long time, the internal structure of the T11 steel tube is extremely thinned, and no oxide is generated on the outer surface, so that the mechanical property of the heat exchange tube can be improved;
(13) the heat exchange tube is straightened on a straightening machine after being placed for 24 hours, and the straightness of the straightened heat exchange tube needs to reach 1/1000 mm;
(14) cutting the head and the tail to determine the length of the heat exchange tube;
(15) and carrying out eddy current and ultrasonic flaw detection on the heat exchange tube.
Claims (5)
1. A manufacturing process of a heat exchange tube for a seawater desalination evaporator comprises the following process steps: blanking → high temperature perforation → acid pickling phosphorization saponification lubrication → cold rolling → low temperature phosphorization → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → non-oxidation annealing → head and tail cutting → saponification lubrication → cold drawing → isothermal heat treatment → straightening → head and tail cutting for length → vortex and ultrasonic flaw detection; the method is characterized in that:
(1) in the blanking process: preparing a round steel blank, wherein the steel number of the round steel blank is T11, and the diameter of the round steel blank is phi 50mm, and cutting the round steel blank into sections on a cutting machine to obtain a section of round steel with equal length;
(2) in high-temperature perforation: heating round steel in a heating furnace, firstly, preserving heat of the round steel at 900 +/-10 ℃ for 18-22 minutes for preheating, then uniformly heating the round steel from 900 +/-10 ℃ to 1280 +/-10 ℃ for 13-17 minutes, and preserving heat at 1280 +/-10 ℃ for 8-12 minutes, so that the temperature consistency of the exterior of the round steel and the core part is ensured; punching the round steel on a punching machine set immediately after the round steel is taken out of the furnace to obtain a steel pipe, wherein the size of the steel pipe is 50mm in outer diameter and 3mm in thickness, the temperature of the round steel is kept between 1220 and 1250 ℃ in the punching process, and the rolling speed is 0.4 +/-0.05 m/s;
(3) in low-temperature phosphating: the phosphating solution comprises the following components: 50-60 g/L of zinc oxide, 3-6 ml/L of nitric acid, 200-250 g/L of zinc nitrate and 150-200 g/L of phosphoric acid; the pH value of the phosphating solution is 0.5-1.5, the free acidity is 8-12 drop, the total acidity of the phosphating solution is 180-240 drop, the phosphating time is 20-30 minutes, and the phosphating temperature is 15-30 ℃;
(4) in the isothermal heat treatment: carrying out isothermal heat treatment on the heat exchange tube in a non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, wherein the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace is sequentially divided into eight heating zones and one air cooling zone from top to bottom, and the temperatures of the eight heating zones and the air cooling zone are set as follows: 720 +/-10 ℃, and the total length of the eight heating zones is as follows: 22.1 +/-1 meter, and the length of the air cooling area is 3 +/-0.2 meter; the heat exchange tube enters from a feed inlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, then sequentially passes through each heating zone and the air cooling zone, and then leaves from a discharge outlet of the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace, and the total time of the heat exchange tube passing through the eight heating zones is as follows: 75.3 +/-2 minutes, and the time for the heat exchange tube to pass through the air cooling area is as follows: 9 plus or minus 1 minute, the frequency of a cooling fan in the air cooling area is 5 plus or minus 1Hz, nitrogen is introduced into the non-oxidation bright annealing furnace for protection during heat treatment, and the flow rate of the nitrogen is 150 plus or minus 20 cubic meters per hour.
2. The manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manufacturing process comprises the following steps: in the non-oxidation annealing: the temperature of the heat treatment furnace is 800-820 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 60 +/-5 minutes.
3. The manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: cold rolling is carried out on a two-roll cold mill.
4. The manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the phosphorus washing saponification lubrication: placing the steel pipe for 24 hours, and then carrying out acid pickling, phosphorization and saponification treatment, wherein the acid pickling comprises the following steps: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 3-16%, the content of ferrous sulfate in the sulfuric acid is less than or equal to 280g/L, the temperature of an acid cylinder is 40-60 ℃, and the pickling time is 30-50 minutes; after being cleaned by a clean water cylinder, phosphorizing, wherein the total acidity of the phosphorizing liquid is 15-45 drop, the free acidity is 0.3-1.5 drop, the temperature of the phosphorizing cylinder is 75 +/-2 ℃, and the phosphorizing time is 10-12 minutes; and cleaning the mixture by using a clean water cylinder, and then saponifying the mixture, wherein the pH value of a saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes.
5. The manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube for the seawater desalination evaporator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in saponification lubrication: the pH value of the saponification cylinder is 7.5-9, the temperature of the saponification cylinder is 85 +/-2 ℃, and the saponification time is 3-5 minutes.
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