CN113243460A - Immunodeficiency mouse feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Immunodeficiency mouse feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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Abstract
The invention discloses an immunodeficiency mouse feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed contains alpinia oxyphylla stem leaves and spirulina, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of corn flour, 10-30 parts of soybean meal, 5.5-7.5 parts of wheat bran, 5-15 parts of spirulina powder, 5-15 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 1-2 parts of trace element premix and 1-2 parts of vitamin premix. Experiments show that when the feed is used for feeding immunodeficient mice, the mice are not easy to get ill after being fed with the feed, and the weight gain is more obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to an immunodeficiency mouse feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The feed additive is a small amount or trace substance added in the production, processing and using processes of feed, and the feed additive is small in dosage but remarkable in effect. The feed additive is a raw material inevitably used in modern feed industry, and has obvious effects on strengthening the nutritive value of basic feed, improving the production performance of animals, ensuring the health of the animals, saving the feed cost, improving the quality of animal products and the like.
The immunodeficiency mouse is a mouse with a deficient immune system with one or more components caused by congenital genetic mutation or artificial methods, has a history of about 30 years, has been widely applied to medical biology research for about 20 years, and becomes an important tool for researches of oncology, cell biology and the like, but because the immunodeficiency mouse per se lacks the immune system, the disease resistance of an animal body and the adaptability to internal and external environments are very poor. The breeding process of the immunodeficiency mice has more abnormal diarrhea and death conditions, domestic feed generally exceeds the range of pesticide residue and heavy metal content, the death of the immunodeficiency mice is easily caused, and the survival rate of the immunodeficiency mice is not too high. At present, a plurality of feeds suitable for immunodeficient mice are developed, Chinese patent with application number of 201710775500.6 discloses a feed for immunodeficient mice and a preparation process thereof, and particularly discloses that a mouse feed capable of meeting the growth and the like of the immunodeficient mice is provided by optimizing raw materials and adopting a special proportion and a production process, but the feed prepared by the method still has the problems of death condition caused by diarrhea, low reproduction rate and the like when being used for feeding the mice, so that the development of a feed suitable for prolonging the survival time and the like of the immunodeficient mice is particularly important for biomedical research.
The fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae is dry mature fruit of fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae of alpinia genus of Zingiberaceae family, is one of four great south Chinese medicines, has wide medicinal value, has the formulated preparations of shrinkage spring pills, spleen strengthening pills, enuresis powder, stomachic and the like so far, and also has wide application in the aspect of health care products, such as fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae oral liquid and the like. The main medicinal value of the intelligence development is in fruits, but different parts of the same plant may contain the same or similar components according to the chemical law of plant resources, the intelligence development is used as a perennial herb, and the discarding of the stem leaves of the intelligence development after picking can cause certain resource waste, so that the stem leaves of the intelligence development as the non-traditional medicinal value parts deserve deeper research. The spirulina contains rich nutritional ingredients such as protein, vitamins, amino acids, mineral substances and the like, and the spirulina powder is reported to be used as a feed additive of the blue gray laying hens, so that the contents of crude protein, unsaturated fatty acid and crude fat in eggs are obviously increased along with the increase of the content of the spirulina powder, and the spirulina powder is also found to reduce the content of cholesterol in the eggs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an immunodeficient mouse feed and a preparation method thereof.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an immunodeficiency mouse feed which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of corn flour, 10-30 parts of soybean meal, 5.5-7.5 parts of wheat bran, 5-15 parts of spirulina powder, 5-15 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2 parts of fish meal, 1-2 parts of trace element premix and 1-2 parts of vitamin premix.
The invention discloses an immunodeficiency mouse feed which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38-57 parts of corn flour, 8-27 parts of soybean flour, 3.5-4.5 parts of wheat bran, 2-13 parts of spirulina powder, 2-13 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1-2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-1 part of fish meal, 0.5-1 part of microelement premix and 0.5-1 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of soybean meal, 6.5 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of spirulina, 10 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of fish meal, 1 part of microelement premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix comprises one or more of vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin B.
Further, the trace elements include one or more of zinc, selenium and calcium.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed, which comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 3-5 min, transferring the mixture into a bin to be crushed after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 3-5 min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing, discharging the high-temperature and high-pressure cured material, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the pre-curing treatment time in the step S3 is 3-10 min.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention takes balanced nutrition, easy digestion and absorption, low pesticide residue and low heavy metal content as research and development concepts, the provided feed takes corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, spirulina and alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf as main raw materials, and is supplemented with microelement premix vitamin premix, the raw materials are green and environment-friendly, the sources are rich, the production cost of the feed can be reduced as much as possible while the growth of mice is promoted, and the preparation method provided by the invention has simple process and convenient operation.
2. The feed for the immunodeficient mice in the invention takes the alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves and spirulina as special additives to design the feed for the mice, and the content of crude protein in the measured nutrient components of the feed reaches 26.65 percent; the spirulina has low crude fiber content, can neutralize the crude fiber content of the alpine oxyphylla stems and leaves, and also ensures that protein is easier to absorb;
3. the contents of vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin B12 phases in the feed are higher, and are 16880IU/kg, 15800IU/kg and 1.81mg/kg respectively; the contents of trace elements of iron and zinc respectively reach 328.65mg/kg and 153.25mg/kg, and the immunodeficiency mouse feed prepared by the formula can eliminate harmful factors which possibly influence the immunity of the immunodeficiency mouse, so that the survival rate of the immunodeficiency mouse is improved;
wherein, the components of vitamin B6, nicotinic acid, etc. in the corn have the functions of stimulating gastrointestinal peristalsis and promoting excretion, and simultaneously have the functions of preventing constipation and intestinal diseases;
the cellulose in the soybean flour can effectively prevent excessive absorption of sugar and reduce sugar content, so that diabetes can be prevented, and the stigmasterol, potassium, magnesium and calcium in the soybean flour can strengthen the excitation of cardiac vessels, improve cardiac nutrition and reduce cholesterol;
the wheat bran contains substances such as magnesium, zinc and iodine for enhancing immunity, and simultaneously contains rich dietary fibers, so that the wheat bran can promote intestinal peristalsis, moisten intestines and relieve constipation, can relieve and treat constipation symptoms, and is helpful for removing toxins in intestinal tracts.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of soybean meal, 6.5 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of spirulina, 10 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of fish meal, 1 part of microelement premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is a mixture of vitamin C and vitamin A.
Further, the trace elements include zinc and calcium.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 3min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 3min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 10min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Example 2
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of soybean meal, 5.5 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 parts of fish meal, 2 parts of microelement premix and 2 parts of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is a mixture of vitamin A and vitamin B.
Further, the trace elements include zinc and selenium.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 4min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 4min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 8min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Example 3
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of soybean meal, 7.5 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of spirulina powder, 15 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 2.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5 part of fish meal, 0.5 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is vitamin C.
Further, the trace elements include selenium and calcium.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 5min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 5min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 3min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Example 4
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of soybean meal, 3.5 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of spirulina powder, 2 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5 part of fish meal, 0.5 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is a mixture of vitamin C and vitamin B.
Further, the trace element is zinc.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 3min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 5min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 4min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Example 5
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 9 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of fish meal, 0.5 part of microelement premix and 0.5 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is vitamin B.
Further, the trace element is calcium.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 5min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 4min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 6min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Example 6
An immunodeficient mouse feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 57 parts of corn flour, 27 parts of soybean meal, 4.5 parts of wheat bran, 13 parts of spirulina powder, 13 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of fish meal, 1 part of microelement premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
Further, the vitamin premix is vitamin A.
Further, the trace element is selenium.
The preparation method of the immunodeficiency mouse feed comprises the following steps:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 5min, transferring the mixture into a to-be-crushed bin after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 3min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing for 5min, discharging the cured material at high temperature and high pressure, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
Further, the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
Feeding effect experiment:
(1) material
The mice used in the test were supplied by Haikou Yushi Biotech; feed: SPF mouse feed, example 1 feed; water source: laboratory deionized water; environmental conditions: ambient temperature 20-24 ℃, relative humidity: 50% -70%, mouse cage: a non-toxic plastic cage; padding: corn cob particle padding.
(2) Design of experiments
Feeding mice
The experiment is provided with an SPF mouse feed group and a design feed group, each group is provided with three parallel groups, each cage of three mice, the whole experiment lasts for one month, and the mice are fed regularly every day, and 15g of the mice are fed every time.
② sampling and measuring
During the test period, the growth condition of the mice is observed every day, the padding is replaced once a week, and the weight of the mice is weighed once a week.
Thirdly, data processing
The rate of weight gain of the mice during the test is calculated as: the growth rate was (W2-W1)/W1 × 100%.
Wherein W1 and W2 are the average body weight (g) of the mice measured before and after the measurement, respectively.
The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 growth of mice
Table1 Growth of mice
The results of the growth conditions of the immunodeficient mice fed with the feed prepared according to examples 1-6 and the SPF feed group are shown in Table 1; as can be seen from table 1, the weight of the mice in the first week does not increase rapidly in the next several weeks, and the change of the environment of the mice may have a certain effect, and it can be seen from the last three weeks that the growth rate of the designed feed is higher than that of the SPF group, and the final growth rate is higher than that of the designed feed group, wherein the highest growth rate is 34.38%; the mice are not dead and sick in the breeding process. Therefore, the immunodeficiency mouse feed containing the alpinia oxyphylla stem leaves and the spirulina is not easy to get ill and has more obvious weight gain after being fed to mice.
Claims (8)
1. An immunodeficient mouse feed, which is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of corn flour, 10-30 parts of soybean meal, 5.5-7.5 parts of wheat bran, 5-15 parts of spirulina powder, 5-15 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 0.5-2.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-2 parts of fish meal, 0.5-2 parts of a trace element premix and 0.5-2 parts of a vitamin premix.
2. An immunodeficient mouse feed, which is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38-57 parts of corn flour, 8-27 parts of soybean flour, 3.5-4.5 parts of wheat bran, 2-13 parts of spirulina powder, 2-13 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1-2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.5-1 part of fish meal, 0.5-1 part of microelement premix and 0.5-1 part of vitamin premix.
3. The immunodeficient mouse feed according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of soybean meal, 6.5 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of spirulina, 10 parts of alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, 1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 1 part of fish meal, 1 part of microelement premix and 1 part of vitamin premix.
4. The immunodeficient mouse feed according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the vitamin premix comprises one or more of vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin B.
5. The immunodeficient mouse feed according to any of claims 1 or 2, wherein: the trace elements include one or more of zinc, selenium and calcium.
6. A method of preparing the immunodeficient mouse feed according to any of claims 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, air-drying the picked alpinia oxyphylla stems and leaves, crushing and sieving to obtain alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder;
s2, mixing the corn flour, the soybean flour and the wheat bran for 3-5 min, transferring the mixture into a bin to be crushed after uniform mixing, and crushing the mixture to obtain a first mixture;
s3, mixing the fish meal and the first mixture for 3-5 min, uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixture, feeding the second mixture into a bulking machine for pre-curing, discharging the high-temperature and high-pressure cured material, cooling and crushing;
and S4, mixing the pre-cured and crushed second mixture with spirulina powder, alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf powder, calcium hydrogen sulfate, a trace element premix and a vitamin premix to obtain a third mixture, and carrying out tempering, granulation, drying and sterilization on the third mixture to obtain the immunodeficiency mouse feed.
7. The method for preparing an immunodeficient mouse feed according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the pre-curing treatment time in the step S3 is 3-10 min.
8. The method for preparing an immunodeficient mouse feed according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the particle sizes of the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture are all lower than 150 meshes.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114504064A (en) * | 2022-01-15 | 2022-05-17 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Application of alpinia oxyphylla stem and leaf extract as litopenaeus vannamei feed additive |
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Application publication date: 20210813 |