CN113207438B

CN113207438B - Pulse strength and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester

Info

Publication number: CN113207438B
Application number: CN202110600470.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴宏伟; 许广权; 郑秀伟; 孔德刚; 霍俊伟
Original assignee: Harbin Yifushi Berry Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Yifushi Berry Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-31
Filing date: 2021-05-31
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-31
Also published as: CN113207438A

Abstract

The invention provides a pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester, which comprises a pulse airflow generating device, a mechanical vibration device, a collecting device and a transmission device, wherein the pulse airflow generating device and the mechanical vibration device are arranged on the side face of a vehicle body frame; the pulse airflow generating component drives the mechanical vibration component at the corresponding side to act through the swinging shaft, the pulse airflow generating device performs primary pulse harvesting on fruits, and the mechanical vibration device performs secondary vibration harvesting on the fruits. The invention collects berries twice through airflow pulse and mechanical vibration, thereby improving fruit recovery ratio.

Description

Pulse strength and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of berry harvesters, and particularly relates to a pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester.

Background

Blueberry, lonicera caerulea, blackcurrant, raspberry, currant and other small berries have thin pericarp and a large amount of fruit juice, are easy to damage in picking, have small fruits and short picking period, and have extremely large picking workload. At present, a manual picking mode is adopted in China, so that the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high. Mechanical harvesting is commonly adopted abroad, and the harvesting modes mainly comprise contact vibration harvesting and non-contact air-blowing harvesting, wherein the two harvesting modes are small berry mechanical harvesting modes commonly adopted at present, and the two harvesting modes can be used for effectively harvesting fruits from fruit trees. The fruit ripeness difference exists in the harvest process of any fruit, the fruit with high ripeness is easy to harvest, the fruit with low ripeness is difficult to harvest, the contact type vibration harvest mode is that a mechanical device is in direct contact with fruit tree branches, fixed vibration force is applied, the vibration force is large, and certain damage is caused to the fruit with high ripeness; the non-contact air-blown harvesting is that the pulsating air flow blows and impacts the fruit trees, so that the fruit trees shake to achieve the purpose of picking the fruit trees, the picking force is soft and the force is small, and the fruit picking is not damaged but is unfavorable for picking the fruit with low maturity.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester, which is used for collecting berries twice through airflow pulse and mechanical vibration, improving fruit recovery efficiency, collecting and conveying berries through matching of an inclined fruit receiving plate and a conveyor belt, and has high working efficiency and small damage to berries.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester comprises a pulse airflow generating device, a mechanical vibration device, a collecting device and a transmission device, wherein the pulse airflow generating device and the mechanical vibration device are arranged on the side face of a vehicle body frame, the collecting device and the transmission device are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body frame, the pulse airflow generating device comprises two groups of pulse airflow generating components symmetrically arranged on the left side face and the right side face of the vehicle body frame, the mechanical vibration device comprises two groups of mechanical vibration components symmetrically arranged on the left side face and the right side face of the vehicle body frame, the pulse airflow generating components on the same side are positioned in front of the mechanical vibration components, and the collecting device is fully distributed at the bottom of the vehicle body frame;

the pulse airflow generating assembly comprises an air inlet channel, a power source, a transmission mechanism, a mechanical swing pulse generator and a pulse airflow distributor, wherein the mechanical swing pulse generator comprises a pulse generator cavity and a swinging device, the air inlet channel is communicated with the pulse generator cavity, the swinging device comprises a swinging shaft, a front swinging baffle, a rear swinging baffle, a middle dividing disc, a front sealing plate and a rear sealing plate, two ends of the swinging shaft are respectively supported and installed in the pulse generator cavity by a first belt seat bearing, the front swinging baffle and the rear swinging baffle are fixed on the swinging shaft at a certain angle along the axial direction, the front sealing plate, the rear sealing plate and the middle dividing disc are all vertically fixed on the swinging shaft, the front sealing plate, the rear sealing plate and the middle dividing disc are arranged in parallel, the middle dividing disc is arranged between the front swinging plate and the rear swinging plate, and the front sealing plate, the middle dividing disc and the rear sealing plate divide the pulse generator cavity into two areas;

the pulse air flow distributor comprises a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels which are arranged in parallel, and the pulse air flow distribution channels are communicated with the pulse generator cavity;

the power source and the transmission mechanism are both arranged in a box seat, the box seat is fixed on the front side surface of the cavity of the pulse generator, the transmission mechanism comprises a cam, a balance wheel and a tightening spring, the balance wheel is connected with a swinging shaft, a swinging rod of the balance wheel is contacted with the cam, the cam is arranged on an output shaft of the power source, one end of the tightening spring is fixed on the balance wheel, and the other end of the tightening spring is connected with the box seat; the output shaft of the power source rotates to drive the cam to rotate to drive the balance wheel to move, the balance wheel drives the swing shaft to do reciprocating swing, the swing shaft drives the front swing baffle plate and the rear swing baffle plate to swing, the front swing baffle plate and the rear swing baffle plate alternately open and close the air inlet and the air outlet of the pulse generator cavity, and air in the pulse generator cavity is sprayed out from the pulse air flow distribution channel of the pulse air flow distributor to form pulse air flow;

the pulse airflow generating component drives the mechanical vibration component at the corresponding side to act through the swinging shaft, the pulse airflow generating device is used for primarily collecting the fruits in a pulse mode, and the mechanical vibration device is used for secondarily vibrating and collecting the fruits; the collecting device is used for collecting the fallen fruits impacted by the pulse airflow generating device and the mechanical vibration device, and the conveying device receives the fruits rolled from the collecting device and conveys the fruits into the collecting box.

Further, the mechanical vibration assembly comprises a mechanical vibration generation and transmission mechanism and a beating vibration execution mechanism, wherein the mechanical vibration generation and transmission mechanism comprises a pressing plate, a vibration lever, a support, a pressing block, an eccentric wheel, an upper supporting seat plate, a transmission shaft and a power mechanism; the pressing plate is fixed at one end of the vibration lever, the pressing block is fixed at the other end of the vibration lever, the middle part of the vibration lever is in pin joint with the upper part of the support, the support is fixed on the upper support seat plate, the transmission shaft is supported on the upper support seat plate through a second belt seat bearing, the power mechanism drives the transmission shaft to rotate, the eccentric wheel is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the eccentric wheel is always in contact with the lower end face of the pressing block;

the beating vibration actuating mechanism comprises a top plate, a vibration spring, a ratchet shaft sleeve, a deflector rod, a vibration shaft, a fixed shaft sleeve, a vibration rod, a lower fixed bracket and a lower supporting sleeve; the ratchet wheel shaft sleeve is fixed on an upper supporting seat plate, the vibrating spring is arranged in the ratchet wheel shaft sleeve and limited by a spring limiting shaft, the top plate is fixedly connected with the spring limiting shaft, the upper end of the vibrating spring extends out of the ratchet wheel shaft sleeve and abuts against the top plate, the upper end face of the top plate is always in contact with the pressing plate, the lower end face of the top plate presses the vibrating spring to enable the vibrating spring to be kept in the ratchet wheel shaft sleeve, the spring limiting shaft below the top plate is connected with the upper end of a vibrating shaft extending into the ratchet wheel shaft sleeve, a ratchet matched deflector rod is arranged on the vibrating shaft and is uniformly provided with a plurality of fixing shaft sleeves from top to bottom, a plurality of vibrating rods are uniformly arranged on each fixing shaft sleeve along the circumference of the fixing shaft sleeve, the lower end of the vibrating shaft is connected with a lower supporting sleeve, and the lower supporting sleeve is connected with a lower fixing support.

Further, the front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle are fixed on the swing shaft at an included angle of 45 degrees, when one swing plate is in a vertical state, the other swing plate is in a position state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft, at the moment, the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the vertical state is located are communicated, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the position state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft is located are not communicated.

Further, the pulse air flow distributor further comprises a connecting flange frame, a fixing strip and an air outlet, each group of pulse air flow distribution channels is formed by overlapping an inner pipeline and an outer pipeline, the tail end of each pipeline is the air outlet, a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are fixed through the connecting flange frame and the fixing strip, and a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are connected with the cavity of the pulse generator through the connecting flange frame.

Further, six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are arranged, and the lengths of the six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels gradually decrease from front to back; the same group of pulse air flow distribution channels are provided with an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet, the air outlets are formed by adopting 45-degree elbows, and the air outlets of the six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are staggered in height.

Further, the other end of the tightening spring is connected with an adjusting bolt and nut assembly, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the upper wall of the box seat to adjust the tension of the tightening spring through the adjusting nut.

Further, the power mechanism comprises a power input shaft, a driving gear and a driven gear, wherein the driving gear is arranged on the power input shaft, the driven gear is arranged on a transmission shaft, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, and the power input shaft is connected with a swinging shaft of a corresponding pulse airflow generating assembly through a coupler.

Furthermore, four vibrating rods are uniformly arranged on each fixed shaft sleeve along the circumferential direction of the fixed shaft sleeve, and the vibrating rods at the upper and lower adjacent positions are staggered at 45 degrees.

Further, the ratchet shaft sleeve is connected with the upper copper sleeve through an upper set screw, the lower support sleeve is connected with the lower copper sleeve through a lower set screw, an upper oil filling cup is arranged on the ratchet shaft sleeve, and a lower oil filling cup is arranged on the lower support sleeve.

Further, the air inlet channels of the two groups of pulse air flow generating assemblies are communicated, and air is supplied by a blower; the upper support seat plate and the lower fixing bracket are respectively connected with the upper part and the lower part of the vehicle body frame.

Compared with the prior art, the pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester has the following advantages:

1. compared with the traditional harvesting device, the fruit tree shaking and fruit falling device has no mechanical contact with fruits, and the damage of the fruit skin is avoided.

2. The air flow channel of the pulse air flow distributor adopts engineering plastics with smooth inner walls, so that the friction force between flowing air and the pipe wall is reduced, the wind loss is reduced, and the blowing efficiency is improved; with the high-low arrangement of the air outlets, the air flow blows at different positions of the fruit trees while the air outlet intensity is differentiated, so that a better harvesting effect is ensured.

3. When the mechanical vibration mechanism is used for harvesting again, the vibration force is larger than that of air-blown harvesting, so that the fruits which remain on the branches and are not harvested can be harvested for the second time, and the fruit recovery ratio is improved.

4. The vibration generated by the combination of the lever, the spring and the vibration shaft can change the vibration force by changing the spring, and different vibration forces are adopted for different berries or different varieties of the same berry, so that the harvesting is optimized.

5. The amplitude of the vibration shaft can be changed by changing the position of the lever middle support shaft, different vibration amplitudes are adopted for different berries or different varieties of the same berries, and harvesting is optimized.

6. The deflector rod is matched with the ratchet wheel, so that the vibration force of the vibration rod in the horizontal direction is increased, and the harvesting effect is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a front view of a pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a side view of a pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a pulse generating assembly;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the pulse generating assembly;

FIG. 5 is a front view of an air intake;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of an air intake;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a mechanical oscillation pulse generator;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a front view of the transmission;

FIG. 10 is a right side view of the transmission;

FIG. 11 is a front view of a pulsed air flow distributor;

FIG. 12 is a front view of a mechanical vibration generating assembly;

FIG. 13 is a right side view of the mechanical vibration generating assembly;

FIG. 14 is a top view of the mechanical vibration generating device;

FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration of the engagement of a lever with a ratchet sleeve;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower support sleeve.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-vehicle body frame, 2-pulse air flow generating device, 3-collecting device, 4-transmitting device, 5-mechanical vibration device, 6-beating vibration actuating mechanism, 7-mechanical vibration generating and transmitting mechanism, 8-pulse air flow distributor, 9-front swinging baffle, 10-swinging shaft, 11-adjusting bolt and nut component, 12-swinging wheel, 13-cam, 14-rear swinging baffle, 16-front sealing plate, 17-rear sealing plate, 18-bearing, 19-end cover, 20-lower oiling cup, 21-lower set screw, 22-upper oiling cup, 23-upper set screw, 24-spring limiting shaft, 25-upper copper sleeve, 26-lower copper sleeve, 27-power input shaft, 28-bolt, 29-pulse air flow distribution channel, 30-air inlet channel, 31-pulse generator cavity, 32-box seat, 33-first bearing with seat, 34-power source, 35-connecting flange frame, 36-air outlet, 37-upper supporting seat board, 38-eccentric wheel, 39-press block, 40-support, 41-first pin shaft, 42-vibration lever, 43-press plate, 44-top plate, 45-vibration spring, 46-ratchet shaft sleeve, 47-deflector rod, 48-vibration shaft, 49-fixed shaft sleeve, 50-second pin shaft, 51-vibration rod, 52-lower supporting sleeve, 53-lower fixed support, 54-second bearing with seat, 55-transmission shaft, 56-driven gear, 57-driving gear, 58-middle dividing plate, 59-fixing strip, 60-tightening spring.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-16, the pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester comprises a pulse airflow generating device 2 and a mechanical vibration device 5 which are arranged on the side surfaces of a vehicle body frame 1, and a collecting device 3 and a transmission device 4 which are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body frame 1, wherein the pulse airflow generating device 2 comprises two groups of pulse airflow generating components symmetrically arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the vehicle body frame 1, the mechanical vibration device 5 comprises two groups of mechanical vibration components symmetrically arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the vehicle body frame 1, the pulse airflow generating components on the same side are positioned in front of the mechanical vibration components, and the collecting device 3 is fully distributed at the bottom of the vehicle body frame 1;

the pulse airflow generating assembly comprises an air inlet channel 30, a power source 34, a transmission mechanism, a mechanical swing pulse generator and a pulse airflow distributor 8, wherein the mechanical swing pulse generator comprises a pulse generator cavity 31 and a swinging device, the air inlet channel 30 is communicated with the pulse generator cavity 31, the swinging device comprises a swinging shaft 10, a front swinging baffle 9, a rear swinging baffle 14, a middle dividing plate 58, a front sealing plate 16 and a rear sealing plate 17, two ends of the swinging shaft 10 are respectively supported and installed in the pulse generator cavity 31 by a first belt seat bearing 33, the front swinging baffle 9 and the rear swinging baffle 14 are fixed on the swinging shaft 10 at a certain angle along the axial direction, the front sealing plate 16, the rear sealing plate 17 and the middle dividing plate 58 are all vertically fixed on the swinging shaft 10, the front sealing plate 16, the rear sealing plate 17 and the middle dividing plate 58 are arranged in parallel, the middle dividing plate 58 is arranged between the front swinging plate 9 and the rear swinging plate 14, and the front 16, the middle dividing plate 58 and the rear sealing plate 17 divide the pulse generator cavity 31 into two areas;

the pulse air flow distributor 8 comprises a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 which are arranged in parallel, and the groups of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 are communicated with a pulse generator cavity 31;

the power source 34 and the transmission mechanism are both arranged in the box seat 32, the box seat 32 is fixed on the front side surface of the pulse generator cavity 31, the transmission mechanism comprises a cam 13, a balance wheel 12 and a tightening spring 60, the balance wheel 12 is connected with the swing shaft 10, a swing rod of the balance wheel 12 is in contact with the cam 13, the cam 13 is arranged on an output shaft of the power source 34, one end of the tightening spring 60 is fixed on the balance wheel 12, and the other end of the tightening spring 60 is connected with the box seat 32; the output shaft of the power source 34 rotates to drive the cam 13 to rotate to drive the balance wheel 12 to move, the balance wheel 12 drives the balance shaft 10 to do reciprocating swing, the balance shaft 10 drives the front swing baffle 9 and the rear swing baffle 14 to swing, the front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle alternately open and close the air inlet and the air outlet of the pulse generator cavity 31, and air in the pulse generator cavity 31 is sprayed out from the pulse air flow distribution channel 29 of the pulse air flow distributor 8 to form pulse air flow;

the pulse airflow generating component drives the mechanical vibration component at the corresponding side to act through the swinging shaft 10, the pulse airflow generating device 1 primarily pulse-picks fruits, and the mechanical vibration device 5 secondarily vibrates and picks the fruits; the collecting device 3 is used for collecting the fallen fruits impacted by the pulse airflow generating device 1 and the mechanical vibration device 5, and the conveying device 4 receives the fruits rolled from the collecting device 3 and conveys the fruits into the collecting box.

The mechanical vibration assembly comprises a mechanical vibration generating and transmitting mechanism 7 and a beating vibration executing mechanism 6, wherein the mechanical vibration generating and transmitting mechanism 7 comprises a pressing plate 43, a vibration lever 42, a support 40, a pressing block 39, an eccentric wheel 38, an upper supporting seat plate 37, a transmission shaft 55 and a power mechanism; the pressing plate 43 is fixed at one end of the vibration lever 42, the pressing block 39 is fixed at the other end of the vibration lever 42, the middle part of the vibration lever 42 is in pin joint with the upper part of the support 40, the support 40 is fixed on the upper support seat plate 37, the upper support seat plate 37 is provided with a second belt seat bearing 54 to support a transmission shaft 55, the power mechanism drives the transmission shaft 55 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 38 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 55, and the eccentric wheel 38 is always in contact with the lower end surface of the pressing block 39;

the beating vibration actuator 6 comprises a top plate 44, a vibration spring 45, a ratchet shaft sleeve 46, a deflector rod 47, a vibration shaft 48, a fixed shaft sleeve 49, a vibration rod 51, a lower fixed bracket 53 and a lower support sleeve 52; the ratchet shaft sleeve 46 is fixed on the upper supporting seat plate 37, the vibrating spring 45 is arranged in the ratchet shaft sleeve 46 and limited by the spring limiting shaft 24, the top plate 44 is fixedly connected with the spring limiting shaft 24, the upper end of the vibrating spring 45 extends out of the ratchet shaft sleeve 46 and abuts against the top plate 44, the upper end face of the top plate 44 always keeps contact with the pressing plate 43, the lower end face of the top plate 44 presses the vibrating spring to keep the vibrating spring in the ratchet shaft sleeve 46, the spring limiting shaft 24 below the top plate 44 is connected with the upper end of the vibrating shaft 48 extending into the ratchet shaft sleeve 46, a deflector rod 47 matched with the ratchet at the lower end of the ratchet shaft sleeve 46 is arranged on the vibrating shaft 48, a plurality of fixing shaft sleeves 49 are uniformly arranged on the vibrating shaft 48 from top to bottom, a plurality of vibrating rods 51 are uniformly arranged on each fixing shaft sleeve 49 along the circumference of the fixing shaft sleeve, the lower end of the vibrating shaft 48 is connected with the lower supporting sleeve 52, and the lower supporting sleeve 52 is connected with the lower fixing support 53.

The front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle are fixed on the swing shaft 10 at an included angle of 45 degrees, when one swing plate is in a vertical state, the other swing plate is in a state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft, at the moment, the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the vertical state is located are communicated, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft is located are not communicated. The intermediate divider plate 58, front seal plate 16 and rear seal plate 17 divide the pulser cavity 31 into two equal regions. The middle dividing plate 58, the front sealing plate 16 and the rear sealing plate 17 are all circular plates, the front swinging baffle 9 and the rear swinging baffle 14 are two equal rectangular plates, the air inlet and the air outlet of the pulse generator cavity 31 are rectangular openings, and the air inlet and the air outlet are vertically and oppositely arranged. The design structure is simple, the influence on smooth flow of the air flow is small, and the exciting force effect of the pulse air flow is optimal; the left and right swinging baffles are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction by 45 degrees, so that when half of the generator cavity is completely closed, the other half of the generator cavity is just completely opened, and the air inlet and the air outlet can be perfectly alternately opened and closed left and right, so that the function of generating pulse air flow is realized.

The pulse air flow distributor 8 further comprises a connecting flange frame 35, a fixing strip 59 and an air outlet 36, each group of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 is formed by overlapping an inner pipeline and an outer pipeline, the pipelines are circular-section pipelines or rectangular-section pipelines, the tail ends of the pipelines are the air outlet 36, a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 are fixed through the connecting flange frame 35 and the fixing strip 59, and a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 are connected with the pulse generator cavity 31 through the connecting flange frame 35. The connection is tight, and the effect is good.

The pulse air flow distribution channels 29 are provided with six groups, and the lengths of the six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 gradually decrease from front to back; the same group of pulse air flow distribution channels 29 are provided with an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet, the two air outlets respectively correspond to the inner pipeline and the outer pipeline, the air outlets are formed by adopting 45-degree elbows, and the six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the air flows are blown at different positions of fruit trees while the air outlet intensity is differentiated, and a better harvesting effect is ensured.

The other end of the tightening spring 60 is connected with an adjusting bolt and nut assembly 11, and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the upper wall of the box seat 32 to adjust the tension of the tightening spring 60 through the adjusting nut. The three parts form a return force generating and adjusting assembly, and the return force can be adjusted according to the strength of the air flow.

The power mechanism comprises a power input shaft 27, a driving gear 57 and a driven gear 56, wherein the driving gear 57 is arranged on the power input shaft 27, the driven gear 56 is arranged on a transmission shaft 55, the driven gear 56 is meshed with the driving gear 57, and the power input shaft 27 is connected with the swing shaft 10 of the corresponding pulse airflow generating assembly through a coupler.

Four vibrating rods 51 are uniformly arranged on each fixed shaft sleeve 49 along the circumferential direction of the fixed shaft sleeve, and the vibrating rods 51 at the upper and lower adjacent positions are staggered at 45 degrees. Four vibrating rods are uniformly arranged on the circumference of each fixed shaft sleeve, and the vibrating rods at the upper and lower adjacent positions are staggered at 45 degrees, so that on one hand, the aim is to avoid the increase of vibration resistance caused by the circumferential arrangement of too many vibrating rods of each fixed sleeve, and meanwhile, the vibrating rods are easy to damage fruit tree branches; on the other hand, the vibration bars at the upper and lower adjacent positions are arranged in a 45-degree staggered mode, so that the situation that when fruit tree branches are sparse, the fruit tree branches are missed due to the fact that the number of the four vibration bars is small is overcome, meanwhile, the fruit tree parts which are simultaneously subjected to vibration harvesting are increased due to the fact that the upper and lower layers of vibration bars are arranged in a staggered mode, and the harvesting effect is improved.

The ratchet shaft sleeve 46 is connected with the upper copper sleeve 25 through the upper set screw 23, the lower support sleeve 52 is connected with the lower copper sleeve 26 through the lower set screw 21, the vibrating shaft 8 slides in the upper copper sleeve 25 and the lower copper sleeve 26, the upper oil filling cup 22 is arranged on the ratchet shaft sleeve 46, and the lower oil filling cup 20 is arranged on the lower support sleeve 52. The oil filling cup is used for filling lubricating oil into the copper sleeve lubricating oil duct in the ratchet shaft sleeve 10 and the lower support sleeve 1 through the oil filling gun, sealing the lubricating oil to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking, and keeping the vibrating main shaft to slide up and down smoothly.

The air inlet channels 30 of the two groups of pulse air flow generating components are communicated and are supplied with air by a blower; the upper support saddle 37 and the lower fixing bracket 53 are connected to the upper and lower portions of the body frame 1, respectively. The power source is fixed in the box seat through a screw, and the power source is a motor or a hydraulic motor. The air distribution inlet channel 1 introduces air flow generated by a blower into the pulse air flow generating device to provide fast flowing air; the airflow pulse generator cavity is a cavity for generating pulse airflow and is connected with other parts of the whole device.

The transmission mechanism further comprises a bearing 18 and an end cover 19, wherein the bearing 18 is positioned in a bearing hole on the side face of the box seat 32, the bearing 18 supports the swinging shaft 10, the end cover 19 is fixed on the box seat 32 through bolts, and the end cover 19 is positioned on the bearing 18.

The eccentric 38 is keyed to the drive shaft 55 and the support 40 is secured to the upper support saddle 37 by bolts 28. The connection is tight, and the transmission effect is good.

The middle part of the vibration lever 43 is connected with the upper part of the support 40 through a first pin 41, and each fixed shaft sleeve 49 is connected with the vibration shaft 48 through a second pin 50.

The two ends of the transmission shaft 55 are respectively supported by a second bearing 54 with seats, and the two second bearings 54 with seats are fixed on the upper supporting seat plate 37. So arranged, the support effect is good.

The berry harvesting machine further comprises a leaf blowing device, the collecting device 3, the conveying device 4 and the leaf blowing device in the application are of an existing structure, the collecting device 3 is formed by mutually laminating and dividing two rows of fruit receiving plates capable of rotating freely, the two rows of fruit receiving plates are of a symmetrical slope structure, the fruit receiving plates are symmetrically arranged on two square tubes which are arranged in parallel in a left-right row mode, the fruit receiving plates in each row are arranged in parallel, and the edges of the fruit receiving plates in each row are sequentially laminated; one end of each fruit receiving plate is rotationally connected with the square tube at the corresponding side through a connecting part, the other end of each fruit receiving plate is a free end, and the same included angle exists between the plane where each fruit receiving plate is positioned and the horizontal plane; a spring for resetting the fruit receiving plates is arranged below each fruit receiving plate, one end of the spring is fixed on the lower surface of the corresponding fruit receiving plate, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the corresponding square tube;

the conveying device 4 comprises two groups of conveying components which are symmetrically arranged, the two groups of conveying components are arranged on the outer side of the collecting device, one side of the conveying component, which is positioned on the inner side, is arranged on the lower part of the lower side of the collecting device 3, each group of conveying components comprises a conveying belt mechanism, each conveying belt comprises a horizontal part and an inclined part, the horizontal parts of the conveying belts are arranged along corresponding square pipes, and the conveying belts convey fruits into a collecting box which is arranged close to the driving wheels;

the leaf sweeps the device and includes two sets of leaf sweeps the subassembly that the symmetry was arranged, the leaf sweeps the device and sets up in transmission device's outside, and transmission subassembly and leaf sweep the subassembly one-to-one and arrange. Every group leaf sweeps the subassembly and all includes the tuber pipe, bloies box and arranges the sediment passageway, tuber pipe one end is connected with the air outlet of air inlet duct, and the other end intercommunication bloies the box, it blows to blow the box orientation from transmission device to the fruit that the collecting box dropped, arrange the sediment passageway and fix on automobile body frame, and arrange with blowing the box orientation correspondence. The conveyor belt is made of food-grade engineering plastics, and the fruit receiving plate is made of food-grade rubber.

The working process of the harvester comprises the following steps:

when the harvester works, high-speed air flow generated by an air blower enters a cavity 31 of the pulse generator through an air inlet channel 30, an output shaft of a power source 34 drives a cam 13 to rotate when rotating, the cam 13 rotates to drive a swing rod on a driving balance wheel 12 to move, the swing rod drives the balance wheel 12 to swing, so that the balance wheel 12 drives a swing shaft 10 to do reciprocating swing motion, the swing shaft 10 drives a front swing baffle and a rear swing baffle to do reciprocating swing motion, and because the front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle are fixed on the swing shaft 10 at an included angle of 45 degrees with each other, when one swing plate is in a vertical state, the other swing plate is in a 45-degree position state with a central axis of the swing shaft 10, at the moment, an air inlet and an air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the vertical state is located are communicated, and air flow is ejected from the air outlet along an air outlet channel; the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swinging plate which is in a 45-degree position state with the central axis of the swinging shaft 10 is positioned are not communicated, so that the communication between the air inlet and the air outlet of the generator cavity 31 is cut off, and the downward flow of air flow is prevented; therefore, when the swinging shaft 10 drives the two swinging baffles to alternately open and close the air inlet and the air outlet continuously, the mechanical swinging pulse generator converts the uniform airflow transmitted by the air blower into the pulse airflow with a certain frequency fluctuation to be sprayed out, when the pulse airflow impacts the fruit tree, the fruit tree branches vibrate with a certain frequency and amplitude, and when the inertia force generated by the swinging motion of the fruit is greater than the bonding force of the fruit and the fruit tree parent branch, the fruit falls off from the fruit tree parent branch, so that the aim of picking the fruit for the first time is fulfilled;

meanwhile, the swing shaft 10 of the pulse generating device transmits power to the power input shaft 27 through a coupler, the power input shaft 27 drives the driving gear 57 to rotate, the driving gear 57 drives the driven gear 56 to rotate, the driven gear 56 drives the transmission shaft 55 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 38 on the transmission shaft 55 rotates along with the transmission shaft 55, when the eccentric wheel 38 rotates, the eccentric wheel 38 continuously pushes the pressing block 39 on one side of the vibration lever 42 to lift, according to the lever principle, the pressing plate 43 on the other side of the vibration lever 42 correspondingly vibrates up and down repeatedly under the cooperation of the vibration spring 45, thereby driving the vibration shaft 48 and the vibration rod 51 thereon to continuously reciprocate up and down, realizing the mechanical vibration function, picking berries, meanwhile, the deflector rod 47 is matched with the ratchet teeth at the lower end of the ratchet shaft 46, the ratchet shaft 46 is fixed during picking, the deflector rod 47 moves along with the vibration shaft 48, when the pressing plate 43 is pressed down to the top of the ratchet tooth of the deflector rod 47 to be separated from the ratchet shaft 46, the fruit tree pushes the vibration rod 51 to enable the vibration shaft 48 to rotate, when the pressing plate 43 moves up under the action of the vibration spring 45, the pressing plate 43 correspondingly moves up and the vibration rod 47 moves up and down along the ratchet tooth of the ratchet shaft 46, and the first vibration rod is driven to vibrate up and down along the ratchet shaft to rotate more than the ratchet tooth 51, and the second vibration rod is driven to vibrate up and down along the ratchet shaft to rotate more than the ratchet shaft 51, thereby the first vibration rod is recovered, and the vibration rod is a second vibration is a horizontal, and the vibration force is recovered; the rotatable receiving trays of the fruit collecting device at the bottom of the harvester are symmetrically arranged in a slope manner, the fallen fruits can be received and rolled onto the conveying belt of the conveying device along the slope, the conveying belt continuously conveys the fruits into the transferring basket at the rear of the harvester, and the cleaning device blows fallen leaves and thin branches mixed in the fruits away from the fruits before the fruits fall into the transferring basket, so that after one transferring basket is filled, a new empty basket is removed.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pulse strength and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester is characterized in that: the pulse airflow generating device (2) comprises two groups of pulse airflow generating components symmetrically arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the vehicle body frame (1), the mechanical vibration device (5) comprises two groups of mechanical vibration components symmetrically arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the vehicle body frame (1), the pulse airflow generating components on the same side are positioned in front of the mechanical vibration components, and the collecting device (3) is fully distributed at the bottom of the vehicle body frame (1);

the pulse airflow generating assembly comprises an air inlet channel (30), a power source (34), a transmission mechanism, a mechanical swing pulse generator and a pulse airflow distributor (8), wherein the mechanical swing pulse generator comprises a pulse generator cavity (31) and a swinging device, the air inlet channel (30) is communicated with the pulse generator cavity (31), the swinging device comprises a swinging shaft (10), a front swinging baffle (9), a rear swinging baffle (14), a middle dividing disc (58), a front sealing plate (16) and a rear sealing plate (17), two ends of the swinging shaft (10) are supported and installed in the pulse generator cavity (31) by a first belt seat bearing (33), the front swinging baffle (9) and the rear swinging baffle (14) are fixed on the swinging shaft (10) at a certain angle along the axial direction, the front sealing plate (16), the rear sealing plate (17) and the middle dividing disc (58) are vertically fixed on the swinging shaft (10), the front sealing plate (16), the rear sealing plate (17) and the middle dividing disc (58) are arranged in parallel, and the middle dividing disc (58) is arranged between the swinging shaft (9) and the two swinging sealing plates (14) and the middle dividing disc (58) into two pulse generating areas;

the pulse air flow distributor (8) comprises a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) which are arranged in parallel, and the groups of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) are communicated with the pulse generator cavity (31);

the power source (34) and the transmission mechanism are both arranged in the box seat (32), the box seat (32) is fixed on the front side surface of the cavity (31) of the pulse generator, the transmission mechanism comprises a cam (13), a balance wheel (12) and a tightening spring (60), the balance wheel (12) is connected with a swing shaft (10), a swing rod of the balance wheel (12) is in contact with the cam (13), the cam (13) is arranged on an output shaft of the power source (34), one end of the tightening spring (60) is fixed on the balance wheel (12), and the other end of the tightening spring is connected with the box seat (32); an output shaft of a power source (34) rotates to drive a cam (13) to rotate so as to drive a balance wheel (12) to move, the balance wheel (12) drives a balance shaft (10) to do reciprocating swing, the balance shaft (10) drives a front swing baffle (9) and a rear swing baffle (14) to swing, the front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle alternately open and close an air inlet and an air outlet of a pulse generator cavity (31), and air in the pulse generator cavity (31) is sprayed out from a pulse air flow distribution channel (29) of a pulse air flow distributor (8) to form pulse air flow;

the pulse airflow generating component drives the mechanical vibration component at the corresponding side to act through the swinging shaft (10), the pulse airflow generating device (2) is used for primarily collecting the fruits through pulse, and the mechanical vibration device (5) is used for secondarily collecting the fruits through vibration; the collecting device (3) is used for collecting the fruits falling under the impact of the pulse airflow generating device (2) and the mechanical vibration device (5), and the conveying device (4) receives the fruits rolling off from the collecting device (3) and conveys the fruits into the collecting box;

the mechanical vibration assembly comprises a mechanical vibration generation and transmission mechanism (7) and a beating vibration execution mechanism (6), wherein the mechanical vibration generation and transmission mechanism (7) comprises a pressing plate (43), a vibration lever (42), a support (40), a pressing block (39), an eccentric wheel (38), an upper support seat plate (37), a transmission shaft (55) and a power mechanism; the pressing plate (43) is fixed at one end of the vibration lever (42), the pressing block (39) is fixed at the other end of the vibration lever (42), the middle part of the vibration lever (42) is in pin joint with the upper part of the support (40), the support (40) is fixed on the upper supporting seat plate (37), the upper supporting seat plate (37) is provided with a second bearing (54) for supporting the transmission shaft (55), the power mechanism drives the transmission shaft (55) to rotate, the eccentric wheel (38) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (55), and the eccentric wheel (38) is always in contact with the lower end face of the pressing block (39);

the beating vibration actuating mechanism (6) comprises a top plate (44), a vibration spring (45), a ratchet shaft sleeve (46), a deflector rod (47), a vibration shaft (48), a fixed shaft sleeve (49), a vibration rod (51), a lower fixed support (53) and a lower support sleeve (52); the ratchet shaft sleeve (46) is fixed on the upper supporting seat plate (37), the vibration spring (45) is arranged in the ratchet shaft sleeve (46) and is limited by the spring limiting shaft (24), the top plate (44) is fixedly connected with the spring limiting shaft (24), the upper end of the vibration spring (45) extends out of the ratchet shaft sleeve (46) and is propped against the top plate (44), the upper end face of the top plate (44) is always in contact with the pressing plate (43), the lower end face of the top plate (44) compresses the vibration spring to enable the vibration spring to be kept in the ratchet shaft sleeve (46), the spring limiting shaft (24) below the top plate (44) is connected with the upper end of the vibration shaft (48) extending into the ratchet shaft sleeve (46), a plurality of fixing shaft sleeves (49) are uniformly arranged on the vibration shaft (48) from top to bottom, a plurality of vibration rods (51) are uniformly arranged on each fixing shaft sleeve (49) along the circumference of the fixing shaft sleeve, the lower end of the vibration shaft (48) is connected with the lower supporting sleeve (52), and the lower supporting sleeve (52) is fixedly connected with the lower supporting sleeve (53).

2. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: the front swing baffle and the rear swing baffle are fixed on the swing shaft (10) at an included angle of 45 degrees, when one swing plate is in a vertical state, the other swing plate is in a position state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft, at the moment, the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the vertical state is located are communicated, and the air inlet and the air outlet of the cavity where the swing plate in the position state of 45 degrees with the central axis of the swing shaft is located are not communicated.

3. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: the pulse air flow distributor (8) further comprises a connecting flange frame (35), fixing strips (59) and an air outlet (36), each group of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) is formed by overlapping an inner pipeline and an outer pipeline, the tail ends of the pipelines are the air outlet (36), a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) are fixed through the connecting flange frame (35) and the fixing strips (59), and a plurality of groups of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) are connected with the pulse generator cavity (31) through the connecting flange frame (35).

4. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: the pulse airflow distribution channels (29) are provided with six groups, and the lengths of the six groups of pulse airflow distribution channels (29) gradually decrease from front to back; the same group of pulse air flow distribution channels (29) are provided with an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet, the air outlets are formed by adopting 45-degree elbows, and the air outlets of the six groups of pulse air flow distribution channels are staggered in height.

5. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: the other end of the tightening spring (60) is connected with an adjusting bolt and nut assembly (11), and the adjusting bolt penetrates through the upper wall of the box seat (32) to adjust the tension of the tightening spring (60) through the adjusting nut.

6. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: the power mechanism comprises a power input shaft (27), a driving gear (57) and a driven gear (56), wherein the driving gear (57) is arranged on the power input shaft (27), the driven gear (56) is arranged on a transmission shaft (55), the driven gear (56) is meshed with the driving gear (57), and the power input shaft (27) is connected with a swinging shaft (10) of a corresponding pulse airflow generation assembly through a coupler.

7. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 1, wherein: four vibrating rods (51) are uniformly arranged on each fixed shaft sleeve (49) along the circumferential direction of the fixed shaft sleeve, and the vibrating rods (51) at the upper and lower adjacent positions are staggered at 45 degrees.

8. A pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester as in claims 1, 6 or 7, wherein: the ratchet shaft sleeve (46) is connected with the upper copper sleeve (25) through the upper set screw (23), the lower support sleeve (52) is connected with the lower copper sleeve (26) through the lower set screw (21), the upper oil filling cup (22) is arranged on the ratchet shaft sleeve (46), and the lower oil filling cup (20) is arranged on the lower support sleeve (52).

9. The pulse pneumatic and mechanical vibration combined berry harvester of claim 8, wherein: the air inlet channels (30) of the two groups of pulse air flow generating components are communicated and are supplied with air by a blower; the upper support seat plate (37) and the lower fixing bracket (53) are respectively connected with the upper part and the lower part of the vehicle body frame (1).