CN113206536B - Charging circuit capable of realizing short-circuit protection and automatic restart - Google Patents
Charging circuit capable of realizing short-circuit protection and automatic restart Download PDFInfo
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- CN113206536B CN113206536B CN202110755941.6A CN202110755941A CN113206536B CN 113206536 B CN113206536 B CN 113206536B CN 202110755941 A CN202110755941 A CN 202110755941A CN 113206536 B CN113206536 B CN 113206536B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
Abstract
The invention discloses a charger, which comprises a power chip, a conversion module, a feedback power module, an energy storage capacitor, a switch module and an output voltage detection module, wherein the switch module separates an input power from the power chip, when the output end of the charger has a short-circuit fault, namely the feedback voltage is not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, the output voltage detection module triggers the power chip to be driven to be turned off, in addition, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the power chip, and the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor is less than the time required by the feedback power module to control the switch module to be turned on, so that the switch module is turned on after the discharge of the energy storage capacitor is finished, and the input power supplies power to the power chip through the switch module. After the short-circuit fault is eliminated, the feedback power supply module reestablishes the feedback voltage, and controls the switch module to be disconnected, to supply power to the power supply chip and to charge the energy storage capacitor, so that the short-circuit protection and the automatic restart of the charger are realized, and the charging stability of the charger is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to a charger.
Background
With the development of technology, battery packs are being used in many aspects of life. The charger can charge the battery pack, and the reliable operation of the charger determines whether the battery pack can be normally charged. When the charger supplies power to the battery pack, the output end of the charger may be short-circuited, and at this time, the short-circuit protection function of the charger needs to be triggered. In addition, in order to improve the charging stability of the charger, it is generally required that the charger automatically restores the charging of the battery pack after the short-circuit fault at the output terminal is eliminated.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger in the prior art, in which an output voltage VOUT of the charger may be output to a battery pack. The input power Vin charges the energy storage capacitor C through the starting resistor Rb, when the charging voltage reaches the starting voltage Vth of the power chip, the power chip is started, meanwhile, the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is established, and power is supplied to the power chip subsequently. When the output end of the charger has short-circuit fault, VOUT is almost 0, the base electrode of the feedback switch tube Q is pulled down, and the FB pin is pulled up by Vref, so that the drive of the power chip is closed, and the effect of protecting the circuit is achieved. At the moment, the feedback voltage of Na is powered down due to short circuit, the electric quantity of C is slowly pumped away by the power chip, at the moment, the power chip is driven to be closed, only the first quiescent current IQ exists in the power chip, when the voltage of C is reduced to the minimum working voltage of the power chip, most modules in the power chip are closed, the quiescent current is changed into the second quiescent current Iq which is smaller, at the moment, Vin charges the C through Rb until the electric quantity of C reaches Vth of the power chip, and the power chip is started to realize circulation.
However, when a short-circuit fault occurs and the power chip is a low-power chip, that is, a chip with a small IQ, the C continuously discharges to the power chip, and Vin also continuously supplies power to the power chip and the C, because the IQ of the power chip is small in a low-power state, there is a possibility that when the electric quantity on the C is not set to the minimum working voltage, the current of Vin through Rb is exactly equal to IQ, and at this time, as can be known from the law of KCL (Kirchhoff laws, Kirchhoff law), the branch of the C does not have current, that is, the voltage in the C does not change any more, and the minimum working voltage cannot be reached, so that the power chip cannot be normally turned off and restarted, the conventional short-circuit protection of the charger cannot be realized, and the charging stability of the charger is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charger, which realizes short-circuit protection and automatic restart of the charger and improves the charging stability of the charger.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a charger, which comprises a conversion module, a power chip for controlling the conversion module to convert an input power supply, a feedback power supply module, an energy storage capacitor, a switch module and an output voltage detection module, wherein the switch module is arranged between the input power supply and a power supply end of the power chip; the feedback voltage of the feedback power supply module is only positively correlated with the output voltage of the conversion module;
the output voltage detection module is used for triggering the drive of the power supply chip to be closed when detecting that the output voltage of the conversion module is smaller than an output voltage threshold value;
the feedback power supply module is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off, supplying power to the power supply chip and charging the energy storage capacitor when the feedback voltage is greater than a feedback voltage threshold value; when the feedback voltage is reduced to be not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, controlling the switch module to be closed so that the input power supply supplies power to the power supply chip;
the switch module is also used for being closed when the input power supply is initially electrified;
the energy storage capacitor is used for supplying power to the power supply chip when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold value; and the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor is less than the time required by the feedback power supply module to control the switch module to be switched on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold.
Preferably, the feedback power supply module comprises an auxiliary winding, a first diode and a second diode;
the first end of the auxiliary winding is connected with the anode of the second diode, the second end of the auxiliary winding is grounded, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the first end of the energy storage capacitor, the anode of the first diode and the control end of the switch module, the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected with the power supply end of the power chip and the first end of the switch module, and the second end of the switch module is respectively connected with the input power supply and the conversion module; the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding is positively correlated with the output voltage of a transformer used for converting the input power supply in the conversion module.
Preferably, the switch module comprises a starting resistor, a charging controllable switch, a first control module, a second control module, a first switch tube, a first resistor and a second resistor;
the input end of the first control module is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the output end of the first control module is connected with the control end of the first switch tube, the first end of the first switch tube is grounded, the second end of the first switch tube is respectively connected with the control end of the second control module, the first end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the starting resistor and the first end of the charging controllable switch, the second end of the second resistor is grounded, the output end of the second control module is connected with the control end of the charging controllable switch, a second end of the charging controllable switch is respectively connected with a cathode of the first diode and a power end of the power supply chip, and a second end of the starting resistor is respectively connected with the input power supply and the conversion module;
the first control module is used for controlling the first switching tube to be switched off when the feedback voltage is not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, and otherwise, controlling the first switching tube to be switched on;
the second control module is used for controlling the charging controllable switch to be switched on when the first switch tube is switched off, and otherwise, controlling the charging controllable switch to be switched off; and the charging controllable switch is also used for controlling the conduction of the charging controllable switch when the input power supply is initially electrified.
Preferably, the first control module comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor;
and the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor are connected, and the connected public end is used as the output end of the first control module, the second end of the third resistor is used as the input end of the first control module, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.
Preferably, the charge controllable switch is a first PNP type triode, and the second control module includes a second switching tube, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor;
the control end of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second switch tube is grounded, the second end of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with the base of the first PNP type triode and the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the emitting electrode of the first PNP type triode and the first end of the starting resistor, and the collecting electrode of the first PNP type triode is respectively connected with the cathode of the first diode and the power end of the power chip.
Preferably, the second switch tube is a first NMOS tube, a gate of the first NMOS tube is used as a control end of the second switch tube, a source of the first NMOS tube is used as a first end of the second switch tube, and a drain of the first NMOS tube is used as a second end of the second switch tube.
Preferably, the second control module further comprises a second PNP type triode and a seventh resistor;
an emitting electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a first end of the fifth resistor and a first end of the seventh resistor respectively, a base electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a second end of the seventh resistor and a drain electrode of the first NMOS tube respectively, and a collector electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a grid electrode of the first NMOS tube.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the positive electrode of the polar capacitor is connected with the first end of the starting resistor, and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor is grounded.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the first end of the filter capacitor is connected with the power supply end of the power supply chip, and the second end of the filter capacitor is grounded.
The invention provides a charger, which comprises a power chip, a conversion module, a feedback power module, an energy storage capacitor, a switch module and an output voltage detection module, wherein the switch module separates an input power from the power chip, when the output end of the charger has a short-circuit fault, namely the feedback voltage is not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, the output voltage detection module triggers the power chip to be driven to be turned off, in addition, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the power chip, and because the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor is less than the time required for controlling the switch module to be turned on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold value, the switch module is turned on after the discharge of the energy storage capacitor is finished, and the input power supplies power to the power chip through the switch module. After the short-circuit fault is eliminated, the feedback power supply module reestablishes the feedback voltage, and controls the switch module to be disconnected, to supply power to the power supply chip and to charge the energy storage capacitor, so that the short-circuit protection and the automatic restart of the charger are realized, and the charging stability of the charger is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charger according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another charger provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a charger, which realizes the short-circuit protection and automatic restart of a power supply chip and improves the charging stability of the charger.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a charger according to the present invention.
The charger comprises a conversion module 5, a power chip 4 for controlling the conversion module 5 to convert an input power Vin, a feedback power module 1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a switch module 2 and an output voltage detection module 3, wherein the switch module 2 is arranged between the input power Vin and a power end of the power chip 4; the feedback voltage of the feedback power supply module 1 is positively correlated with the output voltage of the conversion module 5;
the output voltage detection module 3 is used for triggering the driving of the power chip 4 to be closed when detecting that the output voltage of the conversion module 5 is smaller than the output voltage threshold value;
the feedback power supply module 1 is used for controlling the switch module 2 to be switched off when the feedback voltage is greater than the feedback voltage threshold value, supplying power to the power supply chip 4 and charging the energy storage capacitor C1; when the feedback voltage is reduced to be not more than the feedback voltage threshold value, the switch module 2 is controlled to be closed, so that the input power Vin supplies power to the power chip 4;
the switch module 2 is also used for being closed when the input power Vin is initially electrified;
the energy storage capacitor C1 is used for supplying power to the power chip 4 when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold; the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor C1 is less than the time required by the feedback power module 1 to control the switch module 2 to conduct when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold.
In order to solve the problem that the power chip 4 cannot be normally closed and automatically started when short-circuit protection is performed in the prior art, in the application, the switch module 2 is arranged between the input power Vin and the power chip 4, and the input power Vin is isolated from the power chip 4 through the switch module 2.
Specifically, when the input power Vin is initially powered on, the switch module 2 is closed, at this time, the input power Vin supplies power to the power chip 4 through the switch module 2, and the power chip 4 is started, wherein the closing of the switch module 2 can meet the requirement of soft start of the power chip 4, and the initial power on is that the input voltage is available. It should be noted that the feedback voltage is only related to the output voltage, and when the output voltage is 0, the feedback voltage is also 0, and the feedback voltage cannot be established by the feedback power module 1 through the switch module 2 by the input power Vin. After the power chip 4 is started, the control conversion module 5 converts the input power Vin to obtain an output voltage, and a feedback voltage of the feedback power module 1 is also established. When the feedback voltage is greater than the feedback voltage threshold, the feedback power module 1 controls the switch module 2 to be switched off, and at this time, the feedback power module 1 supplies power to the power chip 4 and charges the energy storage capacitor C1.
When the output end of the charger has a short-circuit fault, the output voltage is almost 0, the output voltage of the conversion module 5 is smaller than the output voltage threshold value and the feedback voltage is reduced to be not larger than the feedback voltage threshold value, the output voltage of the conversion module 5 is sampled by the output voltage detection module 3, and the driving of the power chip 4 is triggered to be closed when the output voltage of the conversion module 5 is detected to be smaller than the output voltage threshold value, so that the function of a protection circuit is achieved. The feedback power supply module 1 controls the switch module 2 to be closed when the feedback voltage is reduced to be not greater than the feedback voltage threshold value, so that the input power Vin supplies power to the power supply chip 4.
Specifically, since the output voltage is almost 0, the feedback voltage of the feedback power module 1 is also powered down due to a short circuit, and it takes a certain time for the feedback power module 1 to control the switch module 2 to be turned on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, therefore, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the power chip 4 at this time, and since the discharging time of the energy storage capacitor C1 is less than the time for the feedback power module 1 to control the switch module 2 to be turned on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, therefore, after the energy storage capacitor C1 discharges, the switch module 2 is still in the off state, the input power Vin cannot supply power to the power chip 4 through the switch module 2, and therefore, the voltage on the power end of the power chip 4 with low power consumption rapidly reaches the minimum working voltage, so that the power chip 4 is normally turned off after the short circuit protection is triggered.
After feedback power supply module 1 controls switch module 2 to be closed, input power Vin supplies power for power supply chip 4 through switch module 2, power supply chip 4 restarts, after short-circuit fault is eliminated, output voltage can rise from 0, feedback power supply module 1's feedback voltage also can rise, when feedback voltage is greater than the feedback voltage threshold, feedback power supply module 1 can control switch module 2 to break off, supply power for power supply chip 4 and charge for energy storage capacitor C1, the charger begins normal work.
In addition, the output voltage threshold and the feedback voltage threshold may be set as small as possible, and are set according to actual situations. The energy storage capacitor C1 can be a small capacitance value capacitor, about 100nF, so that the energy storage capacitor C1 can discharge to the power chip 4 quickly, and the power chip 4 is guaranteed to be closed quickly after short-circuit protection is triggered.
In summary, the charger provided by the present invention includes a power chip 4, a conversion module 5, a feedback power module 1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a switch module 2 and an output voltage detection module 3, where the switch module 2 separates an input power Vin from the power chip 4, and when a short-circuit fault occurs at an output terminal of the charger, that is, when a feedback voltage is not greater than a feedback voltage threshold, the output voltage detection module 3 triggers the power chip 4 to turn off, and in addition, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the power chip 4, because a discharge time of the energy storage capacitor C1 is less than a time required for the feedback power module 1 to control the switch module 2 to turn on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, the switch module 2 is turned on only after the energy storage capacitor C1 finishes discharging, and the input power Vin supplies power to the power chip 4 through the switch module 2. After the short-circuit fault is eliminated, the feedback power supply module 1 reestablishes the feedback voltage, and controls the switch module 2 to be disconnected, to supply power to the power supply chip 4 and to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, so that the short-circuit protection and the automatic restart of the charger are realized, and the charging stability of the charger is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another charger provided by the present invention.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment:
as a preferred embodiment, the feedback power supply module 1 includes an auxiliary winding Na, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2;
a first end of the auxiliary winding Na is connected with an anode of a second diode D2, a second end of the auxiliary winding Na is grounded, a cathode of the second diode D2 is respectively connected with a first end of the energy storage capacitor C1, an anode of the first diode D1 and a control end of the switch module 2, a cathode of the first diode D1 is respectively connected with a power supply end of the power chip 4 and a first end of the switch module 2, and a second end of the switch module 2 is respectively connected with the input power Vin and the conversion module 5; the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is positively correlated with the output voltage of the transformer of the conversion module 5 for converting the input power Vin.
In this application, including the transformer in the conversion module 5, the transformer includes primary winding and secondary winding, and primary winding and secondary winding are used for converting input power Vin, obtain output voltage, and auxiliary winding Na gets the electricity from the transformer, obtain feedback voltage, and auxiliary winding Na's feedback voltage is positive correlation with the output voltage of transformer. After the feedback voltage is established, the auxiliary winding Na charges the energy storage capacitor C1 through the second diode D2, and supplies power to the power chip 4 through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2.
It should be noted that, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 have an anti-reverse function in addition to a function of rectifying the set-up voltage of the auxiliary winding Na, so that the operational reliability of the charger is ensured.
This application is got the electricity from conversion module 5's transformer through auxiliary winding Na, need not to establish the power alone, has reduced the volume of charger.
As a preferred embodiment, the switch module 2 includes a start resistor Rb, a charge controllable switch Q1, a first control module, a second control module, a first switch tube M1, a first resistor R1, and a second resistor R2;
the input end of the first control module is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2, the output end of the first control module is connected with the control end of the first switch tube M1, the first end of the first switch tube M1 is grounded, the second end of the first switch tube M1 is connected with the control end of the second control module, the first end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 respectively, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the starting resistor Rb and the first end of the charging controllable switch Q1 respectively, the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, the output end of the second control module is connected with the control end of the charging controllable switch Q1, the second end of the charging controllable switch Q1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1 and the power supply end of the power chip 4 respectively, and the second end of the starting resistor Rb is connected with the input power supply Vin and the conversion module 5 respectively;
the first control module is used for controlling the first switching tube M1 to be switched off when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, and otherwise, controlling the first switching tube M1 to be switched on;
the second control module is used for controlling the charging controllable switch Q1 to be switched on when the first switch tube M1 is switched off, and otherwise, controlling the charging controllable switch Q1 to be switched off; and is also used for controlling the conduction of the charging controllable switch Q1 when the input power Vin is initially powered on.
Specifically, when the input power Vin is initially powered on, the starting resistor Rb, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 divide the voltage of the input power Vin, trigger the second control module to control the conduction of the charging controllable switch Q1, the input power Vin supplies power to the power chip 4 through the charging controllable switch Q1, the power chip 4 is started, the control conversion module 5 converts the input power Vin to obtain an output voltage, the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is established, the first control module controls the conduction of the first switching tube M1 when the feedback voltage is greater than a feedback voltage threshold, at this time, the voltage of the control end of the second control module is pulled low, the second control module controls the turn-off of the charging controllable switch Q1, at this time, the auxiliary winding Na supplies power to the power chip 4 through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and further charges the energy storage capacitor C1 through the second diode D2. It can be seen that the charge controllable switch Q1 is in an off state when the charger is in normal operation.
When the output end of the charger is short-circuited, the output voltage is almost 0, the feedback voltage is also powered off due to the short-circuit, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the power chip 4 through the first diode D1, and the first control module controls the first switching tube M1 to be switched off when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold.
Specifically, after the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is established, when the feedback voltage through the second diode D2 is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, the first control module controls the first switch tube M1 to turn off, and the second control module controls the charging controllable switch Q1 to turn on when the first switch tube M1 is turned off, so that the input power Vin can supply power to the power chip 4 through the charging controllable switch Q1. Because the discharging time of the energy storage capacitor C1 is less than the time required by the feedback power module 1 to control the switch module 2 to be turned on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold, the switch module 2 is turned on after the energy storage capacitor C1 finishes discharging.
When the short-circuit fault of the output end is eliminated, the output voltage of the charger is increased, the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is reestablished, the first control module controls the first switch tube M1 to be conducted when the feedback voltage is larger than the feedback voltage threshold, at the moment, the voltage of the control end of the second control module is pulled low, the second control module controls the charging controllable switch Q1 to be switched off, at the moment, the auxiliary winding Na supplies power to the power supply chip 4 through the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged through the second diode D2.
It should be noted that the first switch transistor M1 can be, but is not limited to, an NMOS (N-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) transistor.
Therefore, the switch module 2 provided by the application realizes the short-circuit protection and the automatic restart of the power chip 4, and improves the charging stability of the charger.
As a preferred embodiment, the first control module includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4;
the first end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 are connected and the connected common end is used as the output end of the first control module, the second end of the third resistor R3 is used as the input end of the first control module, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded.
Specifically, after the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is established, the voltage of the common terminal at which the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected increases, so as to control the first switching tube M1 to be turned on, and after the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding Na is powered down, the voltage of the common terminal at which the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected decreases, so as to control the first switching tube M1 to be turned off.
It can be seen that the control of the first switch tube M1 is realized in this way, and the circuit structure is simple and easy to implement.
In addition, the first control module may further include a filter capacitor having one end connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 and the other end grounded, so as to filter the voltage output by the first control module and improve the reliability of the control of the first switch transistor M1.
In a preferred embodiment, the charge controllable switch Q1 is a first PNP type transistor, and the second control module includes a second switch transistor M2, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6;
the control end of the second switch tube M2 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second switch tube M2 is grounded, the second end of the second switch tube M2 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the base of the first PNP (Positive-Negative-Positive) triode and the first end of the sixth resistor R6, the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the emitter of the first PNP triode and the first end of the start resistor Rb, and the collector of the first PNP triode is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the power supply terminal of the power chip 4.
Specifically, the charge controllable switch Q1 may be a first PNP type triode, and when the first switch tube M1 is turned on, the second switch tube M2 is turned off, and the first PNP type triode is turned off, and when the first switch tube M1 is turned off, the second switch tube M2 is turned on, and the input power source Vin, the starting resistor Rb, the sixth resistor R6, the fifth resistor R5, the second switch tube M2, and GND are connected, so that the voltage drop across the sixth resistor R6 turns on the first PNP type triode.
It should be noted that the specific resistance of the second resistor R2 is configured by matching the first resistor R1 and the start resistor Rb, that is, when the first switch transistor M1 is turned off, the voltage across the second resistor R2 reaches the turn-on voltage of the second switch transistor M2.
Therefore, the charging controllable switch Q1 can be reliably controlled in the mode, and the circuit structure is simple and easy to realize.
In a preferred embodiment, the second switch transistor M2 is a first NMOS transistor, a gate of the first NMOS transistor serves as a control terminal of the second switch transistor M2, a source of the first NMOS transistor serves as a first terminal of the second switch transistor M2, and a drain of the first NMOS transistor serves as a second terminal of the second switch transistor M2.
Specifically, when considering that second switch tube M2 chooses for use the triode, because the existence of the leakage current of the base and the collector of triode causes the triode misconduction easily, consequently, in this application, second switch tube M2 chooses for use the NMOS pipe.
Specifically, when the first switch tube M1 is turned on, the first NMOS tube is turned off, the first PNP transistor is turned off, and when the first switch tube M1 is turned off, the first NMOS tube is turned on, and the input power Vin, the start resistor Rb, the sixth resistor R6, the fifth resistor R5, the first NMOS tube and GND are connected, so that the voltage drop across the sixth resistor R6 turns on the first PNP transistor.
Compared with a triode, the reliability of the first NMOS tube is higher.
In a preferred embodiment, the second control module further includes a second PNP transistor Q2 and a seventh resistor R7;
an emitting electrode of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the seventh resistor R7, respectively, a base electrode of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the drain electrode of the first NMOS transistor, respectively, and a collector electrode of the second PNP triode Q2 is connected to the gate electrode of the first NMOS transistor.
Considering that the charging controllable switch Q1 is in an off state when the charger is in normal operation, the path of the input power Vin, the starting resistor Rb, the first resistor R1, and the first switch tube M1-GND is always in an on state, and in order to reduce the resistance loss, the resistor is usually selected to be large, and when short-circuit protection occurs, it can be known from the analysis of the above working process part that the current passing through the path needs to charge the Cgs of the first NMOS tube so as to turn on the first NMOS tube, and therefore it can be seen that the current passing through the path is small, so that the turn-on of the first NMOS tube is slow, and the restart speed of the power chip 4 is affected.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in the present application, the second control module further includes a second PNP transistor Q2 and a seventh resistor R7, and the second PNP transistor Q2 and the first NMOS transistor form a fast turn-on circuit. Specifically, when the gate of the first NMOS transistor is pulled up, the current of the path charges Cgs of the first NMOS transistor to make the first NMOS transistor conduct slowly, and at this time, the base of the second PNP transistor Q2 has current slowly, so that the second PNP transistor Q2 conducts slowly, the collector current of the collector in the second PNP transistor Q2 appears slowly, and the collector current is not charging to Cgs of M1, thereby accelerating the conduction of the first NMOS transistor, and at this time, the drain current of the first NMOS transistor is getting larger, i.e. the base current of the second PNP transistor Q2 is getting larger, so that the conduction of the second PNP transistor Q2 is accelerated, and along with this, the collector current of the second PNP transistor Q2 is getting larger, thereby making the first NMOS transistor and the second PNP transistor Q2 form a conduction circuit to accelerate the conduction of the first NMOS transistor, thereby improving the conduction speed of the charge controllable switch Q1, and the quick restart of the power supply chip 4 is realized.
As a preferred embodiment, further comprising:
and a polar capacitor having a positive electrode connected to the first end of the start resistor Rb and a negative electrode grounded.
In the application, a polar capacitor is further arranged between the first end of the starting resistor Rb and the ground for filtering, so that the control reliability of the first PNP type triode and the power supply reliability of the input power Vin to the power chip 4 are improved.
As a preferred embodiment, further comprising:
and the first end of the filter capacitor C2 is connected with the power supply end of the power supply chip 4, and the second end of the filter capacitor C2 is grounded.
This application has still set up filter capacitor C2 at power supply end of power chip 4 for carry out the filtering to the voltage of inputing to power chip 4, improved power supply reliability of power chip 4.
As a preferred embodiment, the output voltage detection module 3 includes a voltage detection circuit, an optocoupler, a feedback diode, a base resistor, and a pull-up resistor, the voltage detection circuit is configured to collect the output voltage of the conversion module 5, and the optocoupler is configured to control the feedback diode to be turned on or off according to the collected voltage, so as to control the level of a feedback pin of the power chip 4, and finally determine whether to trigger the power chip 4 to turn off the driving.
It is to be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A charger is characterized by comprising a conversion module, a power chip for controlling the conversion module to convert an input power supply, a feedback power supply module, an energy storage capacitor, a switch module and an output voltage detection module, wherein the switch module is arranged between the input power supply and a power supply end of the power chip; the feedback voltage of the feedback power supply module is only positively correlated with the output voltage of the conversion module;
the output voltage detection module is used for triggering the drive of the power supply chip to be closed when detecting that the output voltage of the conversion module is smaller than an output voltage threshold value;
the feedback power supply module is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off, supplying power to the power supply chip and charging the energy storage capacitor when the feedback voltage is greater than a feedback voltage threshold value; when the feedback voltage is reduced to be not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, controlling the switch module to be closed so that the input power supply supplies power to the power supply chip;
the switch module is also used for being closed when the input power supply is initially electrified;
the energy storage capacitor is used for supplying power to the power supply chip when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold value; and the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor is less than the time required by the feedback power supply module to control the switch module to be switched on when the feedback voltage is not greater than the feedback voltage threshold.
2. The charger of claim 1, wherein the feedback power module comprises an auxiliary winding, a first diode, and a second diode;
the first end of the auxiliary winding is connected with the anode of the second diode, the second end of the auxiliary winding is grounded, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the first end of the energy storage capacitor, the anode of the first diode and the control end of the switch module, the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected with the power supply end of the power chip and the first end of the switch module, and the second end of the switch module is respectively connected with the input power supply and the conversion module; the feedback voltage of the auxiliary winding is positively correlated with the output voltage of a transformer used for converting the input power supply in the conversion module.
3. The charger of claim 2, wherein the switch module comprises a starting resistor, a charge controllable switch, a first control module, a second control module, a first switch tube, a first resistor and a second resistor;
the input end of the first control module is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the output end of the first control module is connected with the control end of the first switch tube, the first end of the first switch tube is grounded, the second end of the first switch tube is respectively connected with the control end of the second control module, the first end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor, the second end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the starting resistor and the first end of the charging controllable switch, the second end of the second resistor is grounded, the output end of the second control module is connected with the control end of the charging controllable switch, a second end of the charging controllable switch is respectively connected with a cathode of the first diode and a power end of the power supply chip, and a second end of the starting resistor is respectively connected with the input power supply and the conversion module;
the first control module is used for controlling the first switching tube to be switched off when the feedback voltage is not greater than a feedback voltage threshold value, and otherwise, controlling the first switching tube to be switched on;
the second control module is used for controlling the charging controllable switch to be switched on when the first switch tube is switched off, and otherwise, controlling the charging controllable switch to be switched off; and the charging controllable switch is also used for controlling the conduction of the charging controllable switch when the input power supply is initially electrified.
4. The charger of claim 3, wherein the first control module comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor;
and the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor are connected, and the connected public end is used as the output end of the first control module, the second end of the third resistor is used as the input end of the first control module, and the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.
5. The charger according to claim 3, wherein the charge controllable switch is a first PNP type triode, and the second control module includes a second switch tube, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor;
the control end of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the first end of the second switch tube is grounded, the second end of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the fifth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor is respectively connected with the base of the first PNP type triode and the first end of the sixth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the emitting electrode of the first PNP type triode and the first end of the starting resistor, and the collecting electrode of the first PNP type triode is respectively connected with the cathode of the first diode and the power end of the power chip.
6. The charger according to claim 5, wherein the second switch tube is a first NMOS tube, a gate of the first NMOS tube serves as a control terminal of the second switch tube, a source of the first NMOS tube serves as a first terminal of the second switch tube, and a drain of the first NMOS tube serves as a second terminal of the second switch tube.
7. The charger of claim 6, wherein the second control module further comprises a second PNP transistor and a seventh resistor;
an emitting electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a first end of the fifth resistor and a first end of the seventh resistor respectively, a base electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a second end of the seventh resistor and a drain electrode of the first NMOS tube respectively, and a collector electrode of the second PNP type triode is connected with a grid electrode of the first NMOS tube.
8. The charger of claim 5, further comprising:
and the positive electrode of the polar capacitor is connected with the first end of the starting resistor, and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor is grounded.
9. The charger according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:
and the first end of the filter capacitor is connected with the power supply end of the power supply chip, and the second end of the filter capacitor is grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110755941.6A CN113206536B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Charging circuit capable of realizing short-circuit protection and automatic restart |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110755941.6A CN113206536B (en) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Charging circuit capable of realizing short-circuit protection and automatic restart |
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| CN113206536B true CN113206536B (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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| CN114743494A (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-12 | 绵阳惠科光电科技有限公司 | Control circuit, driving device and display |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203434855U (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-02-12 | 英飞特电子（杭州）股份有限公司 | Control circuit applied to power factor correction circuit |
| CN108832696A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-16 | 苏州市博得立电源科技有限公司 | Lithium battery group |
| CN110739665A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-31 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Protection circuit and switching power supply |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10871810B2 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Power supply system with pulse mode operation |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203434855U (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-02-12 | 英飞特电子（杭州）股份有限公司 | Control circuit applied to power factor correction circuit |
| CN108832696A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-16 | 苏州市博得立电源科技有限公司 | Lithium battery group |
| CN110739665A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-31 | 科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Protection circuit and switching power supply |
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Address after: 215000 Building 1, No. 150, Jici Road, science and Technology City, high tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Suzhou Baker Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 78 Keling Road, science and Technology City, high tech Zone, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: SUZHOU BAKER MICROELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |