CN113203625B - Modeling method and device for simulating jointed rock roadway excavation test - Google Patents
Modeling method and device for simulating jointed rock roadway excavation test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modeling method and a device for simulating a jointed rock mass roadway excavation test, which comprises the steps of obtaining basic information of a target roadway and determining basic information of a generalized model for constructing the target roadway by combining test condition parameters; determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and a control variable; and obtaining raw materials and corresponding proportioning information for constructing the generalized model and the number of required building blocks based on the Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model, thereby constructing the generalized model of the target roadway, and simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device. The method solves the problems of difficult modeling, low efficiency and large excavation disturbance of the jointed surrounding rock tunnel in the physical model test, can fully transfer the structural characteristics of the rock mass, truly reduce the excavation process of the tunnel, and effectively improve the accuracy and the success rate of the test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a modeling method and a device for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test.
Background
The roadway is a life-cycle engineering in mining, bears important tasks such as personnel operation, capital construction, ore transportation and the like, and directly influences the safe development and the efficient production of the mine. With the increase of mining depth, the environment of a mine roadway is continuously deteriorated, and a series of engineering disasters such as large deformation of rock mass, strong rheological property of the roadway, collapse of a top plate, uplift of a bottom plate, rockburst and the like are increasingly serious. Therefore, the method has very important significance for researching the problems of roadway deformation failure modes, characteristics, occurrence mechanisms and the like.
At present, the research aiming at the deformation and instability of the roadway mainly depends on field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and physical test. However, the field survey needs a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the influence factors are complex, so that the variables are difficult to control; theoretical analysis requires a great amount of assumptions and simplification on a prototype, and the problem of describing the engineering scale by a mathematical model is very difficult; the numerical technology has advanced sufficiently, but still has limitations to the problems of complicated conditions and unknown mechanism. In contrast, the physical test can restore the whole process from elasticity to plasticity of the prototype under complex conditions until destruction, and the variable is controllable, so that the method is a more visual and convincing research method.
In recent years, students have studied a lot of roadway deformation laws under different working conditions by adopting a physical model test method, but the following defects and shortcomings still exist in the test: firstly, most of the built models only consider homogeneous structures or layered structures, and the problem of roadway excavation under the development of multiple groups of cross-joint surrounding rocks is not researched much. The reason is that the process for manufacturing the surrounding rock model with a plurality of groups of structural surfaces is complex and the workload is large in the physical model test; secondly, the used tunnel excavation method has large disturbance, such as manual digging of a small shovel and a spade, and the excavation process has overlarge disturbance influence on the model, thereby being not beneficial to analysis of test phenomena and acquisition of test data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a modeling method and a device for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a modeling method for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test comprises the following steps:
acquiring basic information of a target roadway, and determining basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway;
determining a control variable according to a test purpose, and determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable;
obtaining raw materials for constructing the generalized model, corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model;
and constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating an excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device.
Further, the determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on the Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable specifically includes:
based on pi theorem, calculating the ratio of the control variable in the basic information of the target roadway to the control variable in the basic information of the generalized model to obtain a similarity coefficient;
and obtaining the similarity relation between the physical quantity in the basic information of the target roadway and the physical quantity in the basic information of the generalized model according to the similarity coefficient.
Further, the obtaining of the raw materials for constructing the generalized model and the corresponding proportioning information based on the Buckingham theory, the similarity relationship, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model specifically includes:
converting the rock physical and mechanical parameters in the basic information of the target roadway into material parameter values for constructing the generalized model according to a Buckingham theory and the similarity relation, wherein the material parameter values comprise density, compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio;
and performing similar material proportioning test by adopting orthogonal design, uniform design and/or target approximation method according to the material parameter values, and determining the proportioning of the rock similar material, the rock similar material and the joint surface similar material for constructing the generalized model according to the result of the proportioning test.
Further, the obtaining of the number of building blocks required for building the generalized model based on the Buckingham theory, the similarity relationship, the basic information of the target roadway, and the basic information of the generalized model specifically includes:
reducing the joint spacing and the length of a rock mass structure in the basic information of the target roadway according to a preset proportion to obtain the width and the height of the building block according to the geometric similarity ratio of the target roadway and the generalized model in the similarity relation, and determining the length of the building block according to the size of a preset model box;
and obtaining the number of the building blocks required for constructing the generalized model according to the width, the height and the length of the building blocks and the size of the generalized model in the basic information of the generalized model.
Further, the obtaining of the basic information of the target roadway specifically includes:
and acquiring basic information of the target roadway according to the on-site geological survey and geological survey data of the target roadway, wherein the basic information of the target roadway comprises stratum lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress, and roadway section shape and size.
Further, the constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the information of the raw materials and the corresponding proportion and the number of the required building blocks specifically includes:
prefabricating an embedded part corresponding to the target roadway according to the shape and the size of the roadway section in the basic information of the target roadway;
according to the size information for constructing the generalized model, pouring a cushion layer with a proper thickness at the bottom of the model box by using the rock mass similar material, stacking building blocks on the cushion layer according to the joint characteristics of the target roadway, bonding the building blocks by using the joint surface similar material, and after the stacking is finished, pouring other positions in the model box by using the rock mass similar material to obtain the generalized model of the target roadway.
Further, the simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and the form removal device specifically comprises:
after the maintenance of the generalized model is finished, pressurizing the generalized model according to the stress condition of the area to be researched;
and under the condition of pressure, pulling out the embedded part by using a spiral tractor in the form removal device to simulate the excavation of the target roadway, and recording and simulating deformation damage characteristics of the target roadway, and displacement and mechanical property distribution conditions of rock masses at key parts in the excavation process of the target roadway and after the excavation is finished.
Further, the method further comprises:
and in the process of building the generalized model, when the embedded part is placed in the generalized model, the embedded part is wrapped by a plastic film.
Further, the method further comprises:
and in the process of establishing the generalized model, installing sensors at corresponding positions, wherein the sensors comprise pressure sensors, stress sensors and fiber gratings.
The form removing device comprises the spiral tractor and a clamping plate, and the spiral tractor comprises a rocker fixer and a rocker;
the clamping plate is connected with the model box through a baffle and a fixing screw;
the clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove, the rocker fixer is arranged in the rectangular groove, and the rocker penetrates through the rectangular groove and the rocker fixer and then is connected with the model box.
The method has the beneficial effects that: the modeling method for simulating the excavation test of the jointed rock roadway is provided, the basic information of a target roadway is obtained, and the basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway is determined by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway; determining a control variable according to a test purpose, and determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable; obtaining raw materials for constructing the generalized model, corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model; and constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating an excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device. According to the method, the structural effect of the jointed surrounding rock can be fully embodied through a pouring-building mixed model building method, the test efficiency is improved, and the method is suitable for researching the deformation characteristics and failure mechanism of the roadway excavation under the influence of the rock mass structure; meanwhile, by changing the size and the building mode of the building block, the influence of different rock mass structure types (such as a layered structure, a blocky structure and the like) and different structural surface characteristics (such as the space, the length, the inclination angle and the like) on the deformation and the damage of the roadway can be researched; secondly, disturbance of the excavation process to surrounding rocks can be effectively reduced through an excavation method of matching the embedded part with the spiral tractor, the actual situation of a prototype roadway can be truly restored through excavation under the pressure condition, the operation is simple and convenient, and the success rate is high; finally, the excavation deformation damage conditions of the roadways with different characteristics can be researched by changing the size, the shape and the number of the pre-buried dies, and the interaction among the roadways under the condition of multiple roadways can also be discussed.
Another technical solution of the present invention for solving the above technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a simulation jointing rock mass tunnel excavation test's modeling device, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic information of a target roadway and determining basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway;
the calculation module is used for determining a control variable according to a test purpose, and determining the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable;
the building module is used for obtaining raw materials and corresponding proportioning information for building the generalized model and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model;
and the test module is used for constructing the generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of the required building blocks, and simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and the form removal device.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a modeling method for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a modeling device for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a constructed generalized model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embedded part according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an embedded part according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an embedded part according to another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 7 is a front view of a card according to another embodiment of the invention.
Figure 8 is a right side view of a card according to another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a front view of a rocker according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-pouring zone, 2-building zone, 3-embedded part, 4-rock mass similar material, 5-rock mass similar material, 6-prefabricated building block, 7-joint face similar material, 8-embedded nut, 9-jackscrew, 10-baffle, 11-rectangular groove, 12-rocker fixer, 13-fixing screw, 14-rocker hole, 15-threaded rocker, 16-circular baffle and 17-crank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a modeling method for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test, which includes:
110. acquiring basic information of a target roadway, and determining the basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway.
120. And determining a control variable according to the purpose of the test, and determining the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable.
130. And obtaining raw materials for constructing the generalized model, corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model.
140. And constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating an excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, further, step 130 specifically includes:
based on pi theorem, calculating the ratio of the control variable in the basic information of the target roadway to the control variable in the basic information of the generalized model to obtain a similarity coefficient;
and obtaining the similarity relation between the physical quantity in the basic information of the target roadway and the physical quantity in the basic information of the generalized model according to the similarity coefficient.
Further, step 130 specifically includes:
converting the rock physical and mechanical parameters in the basic information of the target roadway into material parameter values for constructing the generalized model according to a Buckingham theory and the similarity relation, wherein the material parameter values comprise density, compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio;
and performing similar material proportioning test by adopting orthogonal design, uniform design and/or target approximation method according to the material parameter values, and determining the proportion of the rock similar material, the rock similar material and the joint face similar material for constructing the generalized model according to the result of the proportioning test.
Further, step 130 further includes:
reducing the joint spacing and the length of a rock mass structure in the basic information of the target roadway according to a preset proportion to obtain the width and the height of the building block according to the geometric similarity ratio of the target roadway and the generalized model in the similarity relation, and determining the length of the building block according to the size of a preset model box;
and obtaining the number of the building blocks required for constructing the generalized model according to the width, the height and the length of the building blocks and the size of the generalized model in the basic information of the generalized model.
Further, step 110 includes:
and acquiring basic information of the target roadway according to the on-site geological survey and geological survey data of the target roadway, wherein the basic information of the target roadway comprises stratum lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress and roadway section shape and size.
Further, step 130 further includes:
prefabricating an embedded part corresponding to the target roadway according to the shape and the size of the roadway section in the basic information of the target roadway;
according to the size information for constructing the generalized model, pouring a cushion layer with a proper thickness at the bottom of the model box by using the rock mass similar material, stacking building blocks on the cushion layer according to the joint characteristics of the target roadway, bonding the building blocks by using the joint surface similar material, and after the stacking is finished, pouring other positions in the model box by using the rock mass similar material to obtain the generalized model of the target roadway.
Further, step 140 specifically includes:
after the maintenance of the generalized model is finished, pressurizing the generalized model according to the stress condition of the area to be researched;
and under the condition of pressure, pulling out the embedded part by using a spiral tractor in the form removal device to simulate the excavation of the target roadway, and recording and simulating deformation damage characteristics of the target roadway, and displacement and mechanical property distribution conditions of rock masses at key parts in the excavation process of the target roadway and after the excavation is finished.
Further, in the process of building the generalized model, when the embedded part is placed in the generalized model, the embedded part is wrapped by a plastic film.
Further, in the process of establishing the generalized model, sensors are installed at corresponding positions, and the sensors comprise pressure sensors, stress sensors and fiber gratings.
The form removing device comprises the spiral tractor and a clamping plate, and the spiral tractor comprises a rocker fixer and a rocker;
the clamping plate is connected with the model box through a baffle and a fixing screw;
the clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove, the rocker fixer is arranged in the rectangular groove, and the rocker penetrates through the rectangular groove and the rocker fixer and then is connected with the model box.
It should be understood that the embedded part is made of cast iron, the size and the shape of the embedded part are determined by parameters of a target roadway, a nut is embedded in the center of the embedded part, and the size of the nut is matched with that of the rocker. The cardboard is made by the thick steel plate, fixes as holding power device between built-in fitting and rocker in the simulation excavation process. The cardboard tip contains two upper and lower baffles and two jackscrews, is connected cardboard and mold box. The clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove and is provided with a rocker fixer, and the rocker passes through the rectangular groove and the fixer to be connected with the embedded part.
A round hole is formed in the middle of the rocker fixer, the size of the round hole is determined by the thickness of the rocker, a fixing screw is arranged at the end of the rocker fixer, and the rocker and the embedded part are in orthogonal contact through adjusting the position of the fixer.
The rocker is made of deformed steel, the size of the thread is matched with the embedded thread in the center of the embedded part, and the length of the rocker is determined by the size of the embedded part.
A circular baffle is nested at the tail of the rocker, a Z-shaped crank is connected behind the baffle, and the rotary crank is used for pulling the embedded part to complete the tunnel simulation excavation process.
It should be understood that basic information of the target roadway, including stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress, roadway section shape and size, is preferably mastered based on field geological survey and geological survey data. And determining a generalized model of the proposed target roadway by combining the specific test condition information such as the purpose of the test, the model manufacturing process, the size of the model box, the threshold value of the loading device and the like. The generalized model needs to clarify the information of the geometric dimension of the generalized model, the lithology and structure of the simulated surrounding rock, the shape and size of the section of the excavated roadway, and the like.
Because the physical model test requires to maintain the similarity between the model and the real prototype, but the comprehensive similarity is difficult to achieve due to the difficulties in materials, equipment, processes and the like, generally, several important indexes are selected according to the research purpose to complete the similarity. For a physical model test for simulating roadway excavation, the geometric length and the material density are selected as control variables. And based on the Buckingham pi similarity theorem, defining the ratio of the physical quantities with the same dimension in the target roadway and the corresponding generalized model as a similarity coefficient. And calculating the similarity coefficient through the control variable, and then converting the similarity coefficient of all physical quantities according to the relation between the physical quantities of the target roadway and the corresponding generalized model to obtain the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model.
And (3) converting the petrophysical and mechanical parameters of the target roadway into parameter values of the generalized model material based on a similar criterion and Buckingham's theorem, wherein the parameter values comprise density, compressive strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and the like. Similar raw materials generally require better workability, easy molding, short solidification time, wide sources, low price, no toxicity to human bodies and other conditions. The aggregate is sand, the cementing agent is cement and gypsum, the weighting material is barite powder, and the strength reducing material is mica sheet. And selecting reasonable raw materials according to the attributes of the model materials, and performing similar material proportioning tests by adopting an orthogonal design, a uniform design or a target approximation method. And respectively determining the proportions of the rock similar material, the rock similar material and the joint face similar material according to the test results.
And (3) correspondingly reducing the jointing spacing and the length of the target rock mass structure measured in the field survey according to a proportion through the geometric similarity ratio of the target roadway to the generalized model to respectively obtain the width and the height of the building block, wherein the length of the building block is determined by the size of the model box. And then converting the number of the required blocks according to the size of the generalized model and the size of the blocks.
And (4) adopting an embedded part of the cast iron prefabricated roadway according to the shape and the size of the target roadway. According to the size of the simulated model, a cushion layer with proper thickness is poured at the bottom of the model box by using rock mass similar materials, building blocks are piled up on the cushion layer according to the prototype joint characteristics, joint surface similar materials are adopted for bonding between the building blocks, and after the piling is finished, the rock mass similar materials are adopted for pouring other positions in the model box.
In the process of building the generalized model, the embedded parts are placed in the generalized model and are wrapped by plastic films so as to reduce resistance and reduce excavation disturbance. Meanwhile, sensors such as pressure sensors, stress sensors, fiber gratings and the like can be arranged at corresponding positions in the modeling process.
As shown in fig. 3-9, after the model maintenance is completed, the generalized model is pressurized according to the stress condition of the research area, the embedded part is pulled out by using a spiral tractor under the condition of pressure, the excavation of the simulated target roadway is realized, the deformation damage characteristics of the target roadway during the simulated excavation process and after the excavation is completed, and the displacement and the mechanical property distribution condition of the rock mass at the key part are recorded, so that the test process is completed.
Specifically, after the maintenance of the generalized model is completed, the baffle 10 of the clamping plate is tightly attached to the surface of the model box, and the clamping plate is fixed on the model box through the jackscrew 9. The rocker fixer 12 can move freely in the range of the rectangular groove 11, the position of the rocker fixer 12 is adjusted, so that the rocker hole 14 and the embedded nut 8 in the embedded part 3 are kept in a horizontal line, and the rocker fixer 12 is fixed through the fixing screw 13.
And (3) inserting the threaded rocker 15 into the embedded nut 8 in the embedded part 3 through the rocker hole 14, tightly attaching the circular baffle 16 to the outer wall of the rocker fixer 12, and realizing the demoulding of the embedded part by rotating the crank 17.
And finally, pressurizing the generalized model according to the stress condition of the target area, and pulling out the embedded part 3 by using a spiral tractor under the condition of pressure so as to finish the excavation process of the simulated target roadway. In the process of excavating the roadway, the deformation and damage characteristics and the evolution rule of the roadway are recorded, and the distribution conditions of rock mass stress and strain of key parts are obtained. In addition, by controlling the rotation speed of the crank 17, the roadway excavation speed is controlled, and by changing the shape and the number of the embedded parts 3, the investigation of roadway deformation and damage under the influence of different factors can be realized.
Based on the modeling method for simulating the excavation test of the jointed rock roadway provided by the embodiment, the basic information of the target roadway is obtained, and the basic information for constructing the generalized model of the target roadway is determined by combining the test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway; determining a control variable according to a test purpose, and determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable; obtaining raw materials for constructing the generalized model, corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model; and constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating an excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device. According to the method, the structural effect of the jointed surrounding rock can be fully embodied through a pouring-building mixed model building method, the test efficiency is improved, and the method is suitable for researching the deformation characteristics and failure mechanism of the roadway excavation under the influence of the rock mass structure; meanwhile, by changing the size and the building mode of the building block, the influence of different rock mass structure types (such as a layered structure, a blocky structure and the like) and different structural surface characteristics (such as the space, the length, the inclination angle and the like) on the deformation and the damage of the roadway can be researched; secondly, disturbance of the excavation process to surrounding rocks can be effectively reduced through an excavation method of matching the embedded part with the spiral tractor, the actual situation of a prototype roadway can be truly restored through excavation under the pressure condition, the operation is simple and convenient, and the success rate is high; finally, the excavation deformation damage conditions of the roadways with different characteristics can be researched by changing the size, the shape and the number of the pre-buried dies, and the interaction among the roadways under the condition of multiple roadways can also be discussed.
As shown in fig. 2, a modeling device 3 for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic information of a target roadway and determining basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway;
the calculation module is used for determining a control variable according to a test purpose and determining the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable;
the building module is used for obtaining raw materials and corresponding proportioning information for building the generalized model and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model;
and the test module is used for constructing the generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportion information and the number of the required building blocks, and simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and the form removal device.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus/terminal device are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain other components which may be suitably increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media which may not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals in accordance with legislation and patent practice.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A modeling method for simulating a jointed rock roadway excavation test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring basic information of a target roadway, and determining basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway;
determining a control variable according to a test purpose, and determining a similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on a Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable;
obtaining raw materials for constructing the generalized model, corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model;
constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating an excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and a form removal device;
the basic information of the target roadway comprises stratum lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress, and roadway section shape and size;
the test condition parameters comprise a test purpose, a model manufacturing process, a model box size and a loading device threshold;
the basic information of the generalized model comprises the geometric dimension of the generalized model, the lithology and structure of the simulated surrounding rock and the shape and dimension information of the section of the excavated roadway;
the control variables include geometric length and material density;
the determining the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on the Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable specifically comprises:
based on pi theorem, calculating the ratio of the control variable in the basic information of the target roadway to the control variable in the basic information of the generalized model to obtain a similarity coefficient;
according to the similarity coefficient, obtaining the similarity relation between the physical quantity in the basic information of the target roadway and the physical quantity in the basic information of the generalized model;
the constructing a generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials and corresponding proportioning information and the number of required building blocks specifically comprises:
prefabricating an embedded part corresponding to the target roadway according to the shape and the size of the roadway section in the basic information of the target roadway;
according to the size information for constructing the generalized model, pouring a cushion layer with a proper thickness by using rock mass similar materials at the bottom of the model box, stacking building blocks on the cushion layer according to the joint characteristics of the target roadway, bonding the building blocks by using the joint surface similar materials, and after the stacking is finished, pouring other positions in the model box by using the rock mass similar materials to obtain the generalized model of the target roadway.
2. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock roadway excavation test according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the raw materials and the corresponding proportioning information for constructing the generalized model based on the Buckingham theory, the similarity relationship, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model specifically comprises:
converting the rock physical and mechanical parameters in the basic information of the target roadway into material parameter values for constructing the generalized model according to a Buckingham theory and the similarity relation, wherein the material parameter values comprise density, compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poisson ratio;
and performing similar material proportioning test by adopting orthogonal design, uniform design and/or target approximation method according to the material parameter values, and determining the proportion of the rock similar material, the rock similar material and the joint face similar material for constructing the generalized model according to the result of the proportioning test.
3. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock mass roadway excavation test according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the number of the blocks required for building the generalized model based on the Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model specifically comprises:
reducing the joint spacing and the length of a rock mass structure in the basic information of the target roadway according to a preset proportion to obtain the width and the height of the building block according to the geometric similarity ratio of the target roadway and the generalized model in the similarity relation, and determining the length of the building block according to the size of a preset model box;
and obtaining the number of the building blocks required for constructing the generalized model according to the width, the height and the length of the building blocks and the size of the generalized model in the basic information of the generalized model.
4. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock mass roadway excavation test according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the basic information of the target roadway specifically comprises:
and acquiring basic information of the target roadway according to the on-site geological survey and geological survey data of the target roadway, wherein the basic information of the target roadway comprises stratum lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress, and roadway section shape and size.
5. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock mass roadway excavation test according to claim 1, wherein the simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and the form removal device specifically comprises:
after the maintenance of the generalized model is finished, pressurizing the generalized model according to the stress condition of the area to be researched;
and under the condition of pressure, pulling out the embedded part by using a spiral tractor in the form removal device to simulate the excavation of the target roadway, and recording and simulating deformation damage characteristics of the target roadway, and displacement and mechanical property distribution conditions of rock masses at key parts in the excavation process of the target roadway and after the excavation is finished.
6. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock mass roadway excavation test according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
and in the process of establishing the generalized model, installing sensors at corresponding positions, wherein the sensors comprise pressure sensors, stress sensors and fiber gratings.
7. The modeling method for simulating the jointed rock roadway excavation test according to claim 1, wherein the form removing device comprises a spiral tractor and a clamping plate, and the spiral tractor comprises a rocker fixer and a rocker;
the clamping plate is connected with the model box through a baffle and a fixing screw;
the clamping plate is provided with a rectangular groove, the rocker fixer is arranged in the rectangular groove, and the rocker penetrates through the rectangular groove and the rocker fixer and then is connected with the model box.
8. The utility model provides a modeling device of simulation joint rock mass tunnel excavation test, its characterized in that, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic information of a target roadway and determining basic information for constructing a generalized model of the target roadway by combining test condition parameters and the basic information of the target roadway;
the calculation module is used for determining a control variable according to a test purpose and determining the similarity relation between the target roadway and the generalized model based on Buckingham pi similarity theorem and the control variable;
the building module is used for obtaining raw materials and corresponding proportioning information for building the generalized model and the number of required building blocks based on a Buckingham theory, the similarity relation, the basic information of the target roadway and the basic information of the generalized model;
the test module is used for constructing the generalized model of the target roadway according to the basic information of the generalized model, the raw materials, the corresponding proportion information and the number of required building blocks, and simulating the excavation test of the target roadway by using the generalized model and the form removal device;
the basic information of the target roadway comprises stratum lithology, geological structure, surrounding rock structure, ground stress, and roadway section shape and size;
the test condition parameters comprise a test purpose, a model manufacturing process, a model box size and a loading device threshold;
the basic information of the generalized model comprises the geometric dimension of the generalized model, the lithology and structure of the simulated surrounding rock and the shape and dimension information of the section of the excavated roadway;
the control variables include geometric length and material density;
the calculation module is specifically configured to calculate, based on pi theorem, a ratio of a control variable in the basic information of the target roadway to a control variable in the basic information of the probabilistic model to obtain a similarity coefficient;
according to the similarity coefficient, obtaining the similarity relation between the physical quantity in the basic information of the target roadway and the physical quantity in the basic information of the generalized model;
the test module is specifically used for prefabricating an embedded part corresponding to the target roadway according to the shape and the size of the roadway section in the basic information of the target roadway;
according to the size information for constructing the generalized model, pouring a cushion layer with a proper thickness by using rock mass similar materials at the bottom of the model box, stacking building blocks on the cushion layer according to the joint characteristics of the target roadway, bonding the building blocks by using the joint surface similar materials, and after the stacking is finished, pouring other positions in the model box by using the rock mass similar materials to obtain the generalized model of the target roadway.
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