CN113202509A - Construction process for complex tunnel foundation treatment - Google Patents
Construction process for complex tunnel foundation treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202509A CN113202509A CN202110494012.4A CN202110494012A CN113202509A CN 113202509 A CN113202509 A CN 113202509A CN 202110494012 A CN202110494012 A CN 202110494012A CN 113202509 A CN113202509 A CN 113202509A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process, which comprises the following steps: a. measuring and lofting; before construction, a measurer uses a total station and a level gauge to perform measurement lofting and determine the position and the direction of a tunnel; b. excavating a tunnel; according to the technical requirements, workers excavate the tunnel section by section and support the tunnel section by section; c. building a foundation; along with the excavation of the tunnel section by section, workers carry out foundation construction section by section; the method comprises the following steps that a worker builds a foundation pile at the bottom of a tunnel, then a precast concrete plate is laid on the foundation pile, and concrete slurry is poured on the precast concrete plate; d. maintaining the foundation; after concrete pouring is finished, workers cover the grass curtains on the concrete and regularly sprinkle water on the grass curtains; e. waterproof treatment; after the concrete has set, the worker lays the waterproof sheet on the concrete. This application has the intensity of labour who reduces the staff, improves staff efficiency of construction's effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process.
Background
The mountain tunnel engineering is an important subentry of highway engineering, and refers to that when a highway is laid in the field, continuous mountains are encountered, and due to factors such as engineering construction requirements and the like, the construction is not suitable for adopting a half-tunnel excavation construction mode, the construction of the highway needs to penetrate through the interior of the mountains for highway laying, and the mountain excavation engineering is the tunnel engineering. In the tunnel construction process, the foundation of the tunnel needs to be reinforced, and in the related art, when the tunnel foundation is constructed, a pouring mode is usually adopted to reinforce the tunnel foundation, so that the construction mode is complex in operation and low in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the construction efficiency of the tunnel foundation, the application provides a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process.
The application provides a complicated tunnel foundation treatment construction process, adopts following technical scheme:
a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process comprises the following steps:
a. measuring and lofting; before construction, a measurer uses a total station and a level gauge to perform measurement lofting and determine the position and the direction of a tunnel;
b. excavating a tunnel; according to the technical requirements, workers excavate the tunnel section by section and support the tunnel section by section;
c. building a foundation; along with the excavation of the tunnel section by section, workers carry out foundation construction section by section; the method comprises the following steps that a worker builds a foundation pile at the bottom of a tunnel, then a precast concrete plate is laid on the foundation pile, and concrete slurry is poured on the precast concrete plate;
d. maintaining the foundation; after concrete pouring is finished, workers cover the grass curtains on the concrete and regularly sprinkle water on the grass curtains;
e. waterproof treatment; after the concrete has set, the worker lays the waterproof sheet on the concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the workers carry out foundation construction, the precast concrete plates are paved on the construction site firstly, so that the concrete amount used for pouring work can be reduced, the concrete stirring time and the pouring time are reduced, the concrete hardening time is accelerated, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the construction efficiency of the workers is improved.
Optionally, in the step b, in the process of tunnel excavation, a measurer is required to continuously correct the direction of the tunnel by using a total station and a level gauge.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the staff is at the work progress, because lack the reference, appears the construction deviation very easily, and survey crew uses total powerstation and spirit level constantly to confirm the parameter in tunnel in the work progress, constantly revises tunnel construction direction in the work progress, avoids the great deviation to appear in the tunnel.
Optionally, in the step b, the number, the position and the explosive number of the holes are determined by the staff according to the condition of the construction site, and the explosive tube set by the staff is placed inside the explosive hole to perform blasting.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the staff can be through using a certain amount of explosive to explode the stone on the massif when digging and establishing the tunnel, destroys the structural strength of stone to reduce to dig the degree of difficulty of establishing the tunnel, conveniently dig and establish the tunnel, further improve and dig the efficiency of establishing the tunnel.
Optionally, the explosive tube comprises a first half tube, a second half tube, explosive fixedly connected inside the first half tube and the second half tube, and a clamp for connecting the first half tube and the second half tube.
Optionally, a plurality of explosive is arranged inside the explosive tube, the explosive is fixed inside the first half tube and the second half tube by using an adhesive, and a certain gap is formed between the adjacent explosive.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the staff can be through the interval between the adjacent explosive of first half pipe and the half pipe control of second when burying the explosive underground to the effect of control blasting reduces because the improper condition that leads to blasting effect between the explosive appears in the interval control, improves the quality of tunnel construction, further improves the efficiency of tunnel construction.
Optionally, in the step c, before constructing the foundation pile, the worker cleans up the construction site, then drills a pouring hole at the specified position on the construction site according to the requirement, then pours the foundation pile inside the pouring hole, and then lays the precast concrete slab on the foundation pile.
Optionally, when the foundation pile is poured, the worker adds stones inside the pouring hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the staff adds the stone in the inside of pouring the hole and can reduce the concrete of pouring the foundation pile and use, can also increase the structural strength of foundation pile simultaneously.
Optionally, the bottom of the precast concrete slab is provided with a connecting hole, and the top of the foundation pile is located inside the connecting hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the inside of foundation pile intubate connecting hole, make foundation pile and precast concrete board be connected and form a whole to improve the structural strength of tunnel foundation.
Optionally, a gap is formed between the adjacent precast concrete plates, and the end of each precast concrete plate is provided with a connecting groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the staff is to the concreting between the precast concrete board, the area of contact between precast concrete board and the concrete thick liquid can be increased to the spread groove, and after the concrete thick liquid hardens, the concrete can pass through spread groove and precast concrete board, makes the foundation in tunnel connect into a whole, improves the structural strength of foundation.
Optionally, in the step b, after the concrete is poured, the worker needs to use a vibrator to vibrate the concrete.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when concreting, the staff uses the vibrator to tap the concrete, avoids the inside cavity of appearing of concrete thick liquid to wave inhomogeneous condition to improve the quality of building concrete.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. when a worker carries out foundation construction, the precast concrete plate is laid on the construction site, so that the amount of concrete used for pouring work can be reduced, the time for stirring the concrete and the time for pouring are reduced, the time for hardening the concrete is shortened, the labor intensity of the worker is reduced, and the construction efficiency of the worker is improved;
2. during the construction process, due to the lack of reference, construction deviation is easy to occur to workers, and measuring personnel continuously use a total station and a level gauge to determine parameters of the tunnel during the construction process, continuously correct the construction direction of the tunnel during the construction process and avoid larger deviation of the tunnel; when the explosives are buried by workers, the distance between the adjacent explosives can be controlled through the first half pipe and the second half pipe, so that the blasting effect is controlled, the situation that the blasting effect is poor due to improper control of the distance between the explosives is reduced, the tunnel construction quality is improved, and the tunnel construction efficiency is further improved;
3. when the staff is at the concreting to between the precast concrete board, the area of contact between precast concrete board and the concrete thick liquid can be increased to the spread groove, and after the concrete thick liquid hardens, the concrete can make the ground in tunnel connect into a whole through spread groove and precast concrete board, improves the structural strength of ground.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosive tube structure in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a foundation pile and a precast concrete plate structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a first half pipe; 2. a second half pipe; 3. clamping a hoop; 4. explosive blocks; 5. foundation piles; 51. a stone block; 6. prefabricating a concrete slab; 61. connecting holes; 62. connecting grooves; 7. and (3) concrete.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2.
In the related technology, tunnel construction technology is generally adopted, mountain rock is blasted, then excavation is carried out, then construction is carried out in a mode of excavating a section of tunnel, constructing a section of tunnel foundation and supporting a section of tunnel, when the tunnel foundation is constructed, a template is generally built at the bottom of the tunnel, concrete is poured, then compaction and maintenance are carried out, after hardening of the tunnel foundation is completed, a waterproof structure is made on the foundation, then inner wall supporting of the tunnel is carried out, and after the construction of the section of tunnel is completed, workers carry out tunnel construction of the next section. However, during the construction process, workers usually spend a lot of time pouring concrete, which slows down the construction speed.
The embodiment of the application discloses a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process comprises the following steps:
a. measuring and lofting; before construction, a measurer uses a total station and a level gauge to perform measurement lofting and determine the position and the direction of a tunnel;
b. excavating a tunnel; according to the technical requirements, workers excavate the tunnel section by section and support the tunnel section by section; in the process of tunnel excavation, survey crew are required to continuously use a total station and a level gauge to correct the direction of a tunnel; in the work progress, constructor is because lack the reference, and it is skew that the tunnel takes place very easily, and survey crew detects the parameter in tunnel construction process constantly to communicate with constructor, revise the direction in tunnel, avoid the tunnel to take place great skew.
The staff confirms number of punching, position and explosive quantity according to the condition of job site, and the explosive pipe that the staff set for is put into the inside in explosive hole, explodes. When blasting, the staff strictly sets for the quantity of explosive according to calculating, avoids appearing the massif rock that the explosive quantity is too much to lead to and bursts excessively, reduces the anti-circumstances of mending tunnel rock of staff, avoids the blasting relatively poor condition of effect that the explosive quantity leads to too little simultaneously.
c. Building a foundation; along with the excavation of the tunnel section by section, workers carry out foundation construction section by section; the method comprises the following steps that a worker builds a foundation pile at the bottom of a tunnel, then a precast concrete plate is laid on the foundation pile, and concrete slurry is poured on the precast concrete plate; before constructing a foundation pile, workers firstly clean a construction site, then drill a pouring hole at an appointed position on the construction site according to requirements, then pour the foundation pile in the pouring hole, and then lay a precast concrete plate on the foundation pile;
the staff uses precast concrete board can reduce the use of concrete when pouring the ground to reduce the time that the staff stirred the concrete, also can reduce construction cost simultaneously, reduce the use amount of concrete and can also shorten the time that the concrete hardens, shorten the time of concrete maintenance, reduce staff's work load, improve staff's efficiency of construction.
d. Maintaining the foundation; after concrete pouring is finished, workers cover the grass curtains on the concrete and regularly sprinkle water on the grass curtains; the concrete is hardened by actually the hydration of the cement, the hydration of the cement needs certain temperature and humidity, the straw curtain covers the concrete to reduce the heat loss of the concrete and keep the temperature of the concrete, after workers sprinkle water on the straw curtain, the straw curtain can also reduce the loss of water, and the straw curtain can not create an environment with constant temperature and humidity relatively in the concrete hardening process, so that the cracking of the concrete can be reduced.
e. Waterproof treatment; after the concrete has set, the worker lays the waterproof sheet on the concrete.
Referring to fig. 1, the explosive tube includes a first half tube 1, a second half tube 2, an explosive block 4 bonded inside the first half tube 1 and the second half tube 2 using an adhesive, and a band 3 for connecting the first half tube 1 and the second half tube 2. First half pipe 1 and second half pipe 2 can make up and form a pipe, and the explosive piece 4 bonds on the inner wall of first half pipe 1 and second half pipe 2 through the adhesive, and the staff makes certain interval between the adjacent explosive piece 4 as required when bonding fixed explosive piece 4, avoids explosive piece 4 to concentrate together, avoids when the explosion, and local explosion amount energy is too intensive.
Therefore, the phenomenon that the mountain stone blocks 51 are cracked unevenly due to overlarge local explosion energy can be reduced, and the possibility that workers fill the inner wall of the tunnel in the construction process is reduced. The clamp 3 is equipped with two, and the clamp 3 overlaps respectively and establishes the tip at first half pipe 1 and 2 lateral surfaces of second half pipe. However, after the explosive is adhered and fixed on the inner walls of the first half pipe 1 and the second half pipe 2 by the worker, the worker fixes the first half pipe 1 and the second half pipe 2 together by using the clamp 3 and inserts the explosive pipe into the previously punched explosive hole.
Referring to fig. 2, when a foundation is built, after a worker cleans a construction site, a hole is drilled at a designated position, and a pouring hole is drilled. Before the foundation pile 5 is cast, the worker now adds the stone blocks 51 inside the cast hole. This reduces the amount of concrete used and increases the structural strength of the foundation pile 5.
A connecting hole 61 is formed on the lower surface of the precast concrete plate 6, the top of the foundation pile 5 is inserted into the connecting hole 61, and the foundation pile 5 connects the precast concrete plates 6 together through the connecting hole 61, so that the foundation pile 5 and the precast concrete plates 6 are connected into a whole to increase the structural strength of the foundation. The precast concrete panels 6 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined gap, and a plurality of connecting grooves 62 are formed at the ends of the precast concrete panels. When the worker pours the concrete, the contact area between the concrete and the precast concrete plate 6 can be increased, so that the connection strength between the concrete and the precast concrete plate 6 is enhanced. Meanwhile, after concrete is poured by workers, the workers use the vibrators to compact the concrete, and then the upper surface of the concrete is covered with the straw curtains.
The embodiment of the application discloses an implementation principle of a complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process: when setting up the blasting explosive, the staff uses the adhesive to bond explosive piece 4 on the inner wall of first half-pipe 1 and second half-pipe 2 to control the interval between the adjacent explosive piece 4, thereby when avoiding the explosion, the energy is too concentrated, thereby guarantees the blasting quality in tunnel. The provision of the coupling groove 62 at the end of the precast concrete panel 6 can increase the interfacial area between the concrete and the precast concrete panel 6, thereby improving the coupling strength between the respective structures of the foundation. Meanwhile, the workload of workers for stirring concrete on site can be reduced, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and the construction quality of the tunnel foundation is improved.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. measuring and lofting; before construction, a measurer uses a total station and a level gauge to perform measurement lofting and determine the position and the direction of a tunnel;
b. excavating a tunnel; according to the technical requirements, workers excavate the tunnel section by section and support the tunnel section by section;
c. building a foundation; along with the excavation of the tunnel section by section, workers carry out foundation construction section by section; the method comprises the following steps that a worker builds a foundation pile at the bottom of a tunnel, then a precast concrete plate is laid on the foundation pile, and concrete slurry is poured on the precast concrete plate;
d. maintaining the foundation; after concrete pouring is finished, workers cover the grass curtains on the concrete and regularly sprinkle water on the grass curtains;
e. waterproof treatment; after the concrete has set, the worker lays the waterproof sheet on the concrete.
2. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step b, in the process of tunnel excavation, survey crew needs to continuously use a total station and a level gauge to correct the direction of the tunnel.
3. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step b, the number, the positions and the explosive quantity of the holes are determined by the staff according to the conditions of the construction site, and the explosive pipes set by the staff are placed inside the explosive holes to be blasted.
4. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 3, characterized in that: the explosive tube comprises a first half tube, a second half tube, explosive fixedly connected inside the first half tube and the second half tube, and a clamp used for connecting the first half tube and the second half tube.
5. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 4, characterized in that: a plurality of explosive is arranged in the explosive tube, the explosive is fixed inside the first half tube and the second half tube by using an adhesive, and a certain gap is formed between every two adjacent explosives.
6. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step c, before constructing the foundation pile, workers firstly clean the construction site, then drill the pouring hole at the specified position on the construction site according to requirements, then pour the foundation pile in the pouring hole, and then lay the precast concrete plate on the foundation pile.
7. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 6, characterized in that: when the staff is pouring the foundation pile, add the stone in the inside of pouring the hole.
8. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the bottom of the precast concrete plate is provided with a connecting hole, and the top of the foundation pile is positioned inside the connecting hole.
9. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 8, characterized in that: a gap is formed between every two adjacent precast concrete plates, and a connecting groove is formed in the end portion of each precast concrete plate.
10. The complex tunnel foundation treatment construction process according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step c, after the concrete is poured, the worker needs to use a vibrator to vibrate the concrete.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110494012.4A CN113202509B (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Construction process for complex tunnel foundation treatment |
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| CN202110494012.4A CN113202509B (en) | 2021-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Construction process for complex tunnel foundation treatment |
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| CN113202509B (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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