CN113183774A - 电动汽车主副电池双电*** - Google Patents

电动汽车主副电池双电*** Download PDF

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CN113183774A
CN113183774A CN202010078290.7A CN202010078290A CN113183774A CN 113183774 A CN113183774 A CN 113183774A CN 202010078290 A CN202010078290 A CN 202010078290A CN 113183774 A CN113183774 A CN 113183774A
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Xiang Yuze
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

电动汽车设计有（1组主电池组+1组可更换副电池组）共同组成电动汽车双电池组***，副电池组装配在车辆底盘前后轮中央位置方便换电站更换电池组，主电池为固定式不可更换，主电池位置主机厂可根据具体不同车型设计，用户购买新车时不用购买副电池组，可大大降低新车购买成本，同时主电池组可满足不同汽车制造厂商的个性化需求。

Description

电动汽车主副电池双电***
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源电动汽车核心供电***，具体为主副电池供电***。
背景技术
随着人们环保节能意识的提高，新能源纯电动汽车越来越受欢迎，纯电动汽车市场保有量逐年增多，但是在这股发展热潮下，电动车却有着一些让广大消费者难以接受的弊端，首先是电动汽车续航普遍较短，充电时间太长，无法满足远距离出行，其次是电池衰减严重重则3年轻则5年，动力电池组寿命就降低到一半，更换电池组成本高昂，再次，电动汽车的新车购置成本1/3集中在电池组上，新车购买用户非常吃亏。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的一种电动汽车用主副双电池供电方法,提供了一种电动车用主副双电池供电装置，包括：主电池包、副电池包；
1、电动汽车整体电池组由一组主电池组+一组副电池组构成；
2、副电池组位于电动汽车前后轮中央位置，为可更换结构；
3、主电池组按汽车生产厂商设计需求可分布于电动汽车任意位置，固定位置，不可更换；
4、电池控制***由总控制器+主电池组控制器+副电池组控制器（1+2）方式构成；
5、电动汽车总控制器和电池控制***设定有三种驾驶模式（①单供电：主电池组单独供电，副电池组向主电池组供电②高性能模式：主副电池组同时供电③主电池组电量保持模式：副电池组主要向控制***、动力***输出电流，主电池组仅保障动力***最低功率输出）；
6、充电时两种充电方式：①单独向主电池组充电②同时分别向主副电池组充电，主副电池组互相断开；
7、电动汽车用户交互单元向用户分别提示主电池组和副电池组电量；
8、副电池组内部装有非接触式射频识别(RFID)NFC芯片，储存电池组编码；
9、副电池组单独设计配置散热***。
具体实施方式
1、具体构造为（1组主电池组+ 1组可更换副电池组）共同组成电动汽车双电池组***，副电池组装配在车辆底盘前后轮中央位置方便换电站更换电池组，主电池为固定结构不可更换；
2、供电方式：主电池组和副电池组同时分别装配一套电池管理模块，电池管理模块可检测对应电池组电量，同时两组电池组通过并联方式同时连接到车辆主控制器，主控制器为车辆提供四种不同供电模式（1、主电池组单独供电，此时副电池组和主控制器断开，副电池组电流仅连接主电池组向主电池组供电，2、主副电池同时供电高性能模式，此时主副电池组同时向主控制器供电副电池组以副电池组为主大电流供电，副电池组作为增益结构配合主电池组小电流向主控制器供电，保证主控制器最大功率运转输出动能，3主电池组电量保留模式，当主电池组电量低于***设置阀值分别为10%、20%、30%三个档位之一时，主控制器限制主电池组供电电流大小限制在电动汽车动力***最低限值，此时副电池组同时向主控制器供电）副电池组因供电安全原则对主控制器及汽车动力***供电限制在一定安全阀值，电动汽车控制***通过仪表盘或中控台向用户分别提示两组电池电量，电动汽车使用者根据主副电池电量续航和性能需要按需切换三种模式使用；
3、充电方式：电动汽车充电时有两种充电模式（1、仅向主电池组充电，2同时向主电池组和副电池组充电，此时两组电池断开连接由充电模块分配充电，两组电池互不干涉，电流不会在两组电池中重复流动，保证电池组寿命）充电模式由电动汽车控制***和充电模块控制，电动汽车充电口安装有控制按钮，由电动汽车使用者在充电时选择性按需操作；
4、换电站换电：电动汽车控制***通过仪表盘或中控台向用户提示两组电池分别电量，当副电池组电量不足时，电动汽车使用者将电动汽车开至支持副电池组换电服务的换电站，换电站仅对副电池组进行换电操作，安全原则，换电站换电时，汽车使用者应熄火关闭车辆；
5、统一设计适用所有电动汽车（前后轮中间位置体积大小、不侵占车内乘员空间）的副电池组体积大小，统一所有电动车副电池组使用标准，同时配备副电池组可升级电源管理模块（以备未来电池技术更新后对应进行升级），在此基础上各电动汽车生产厂商再根据不同车型大小调整主电池组大小、体积、形状、安装位置等，以便标准大批量广泛应用、扩大使用规模，从而降低电动汽车厂商制造成本和买家买入成本；
6、可更换副电池组使用分体式紧固膨胀螺栓固定，后期按照螺栓使用寿命和次数方便更换；
7、电动汽车厂商可选择在新车出厂时不配备副电池组，只需要配备主电池组即可，同时对副电池组位置进行密封保护，新车交付给客户时，客户按照需要可选择向换电站租用或买入副电池组，这样电动汽车厂商新车生产成本降低，客户新车买入成本也大大降低；
8、客户在平时使用电动汽车时，电动汽车总控制器自动识别副电池组有无安装，智能控制，使用者可选择仅由主电池组供电满足日常上下班等通勤需求，由此即可减轻电动汽车重量降低汽车能耗，又可降低客户平时用车成本，当电动汽车使用者有远程出行需求时再按需向换电站租用或买入副电池组，增加汽车续航，短途省钱和长途续航两者兼得；
9、副电池组在设计之初就充分考虑到散热问题，车辆生产厂家在原车副电池组位置布置散热***，当副电池组未向电动汽车主控制器供电时，副电池组仅向主电池或动力***小电流供电，电池能量转化效率低，电池组自发热小，总控制器不需启用副电池组散热***，当电动汽车开启高性能模式、主副电池组同时向主控制其供电时，散热***启动，保持副电池组恒温状态；
10、副电池组由换电站向汽车使用者提供相应服务，每个副电池组配有对应编码储存芯片（非接触式射频识别(RFID)NFC芯片）内置于电池组内部，防止拆卸破坏盗用，换电站在每次对副电池组更换时，自动识别芯片编码，同时检测副电池组剩余电量，计算副电池组使用电量，再按相应套餐等***收费。
虽然上面已经参考各种实施例描述了本发明，但是应当理解，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以进行许多改变和修改。因此，其旨在上述详细描述被认为是例示性的而非限制性的，并且应当理解，以下权利要求(包括所有等同物)旨在限定本发明的精神和范围。以上这些实施例应理解为仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。在阅读了本发明的记载的内容之后，技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等效变化和修饰同样落入本发明权利要求所限定的范围。以上的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.权利要求项1具体构造为（1组主电池组+ 1组可更换副电池组）共同组成电动汽车双电池组***，副电池组装配在车辆底盘前后轮中央位置方便换电站更换电池组，可便捷更换，主电池组按汽车生产厂商设计需求可分布于电动汽车任意位置，固定结构，不可更换。
2.权利要求项2供电方式：电池控制***由总控制器+主电池组控制器+副电池组控制器（1+2）方式构成，主电池组和副电池组同时分别装配一套电池管理模块，电池管理模块可检测对应电池组电量，同时两组电池组通过并联方式同时连接到车辆主控制器，主控制器为车辆提供四种不同供电模式（①、主电池组单独供电，此时副电池组和主控制器断开，副电池组电流仅连接主电池组向主电池组供电，②、主副电池同时供电高性能模式，此时主副电池组同时向主控制器供电副电池组以副电池组为主大电流供电，副电池组作为增益结构配合主电池组小电流向主控制器供电，保证主控制器最大功率运转输出动能，③、主电池组电量保留模式，当主电池组电量低于***设置阀值分别为10%、20%、30%三个档位之一时，主控制器限制主电池组供电电流大小限制在电动汽车动力***最低限值，此时副电池组同时向主控制器供电）副电池组因供电安全原则对主控制器及汽车动力***供电限制在一定安全阀值，电动汽车控制***通过仪表盘或中控台向用户分别提示两组电池电量，电动汽车使用者根据主副电池电量续航和性能需要按需切换三种模式使用。
3.权利要求项3充电方式：电动汽车充电时有两种充电模式（①、仅向主电池组充电，②、同时向主电池组和副电池组充电，此时两组电池断开连接由充电模块分配充电，两组电池互不干涉，电流不会在两组电池中重复流动，保证电池组寿命）充电模式由电动汽车控制***和充电模块控制，电动汽车充电口安装有控制按钮，由电动汽车使用者在充电时选择性按需操作。
4.权利要求项4换电站换电：电动汽车控制***通过仪表盘或中控台向用户分别提示两组电池电量，当副电池组电量不足时，电动汽车使用者将电动汽车开至支持副电池组换电服务的换电站，换电站仅对副电池组进行换电操作，安全原则，换电站换电时，汽车使用者应熄火关闭车辆。
5.权利要求项5统一设计适用所有电动汽车（前后轮中间位置体积大小、不侵占车内乘员空间）的副电池组体积大小，统一所有电动车副电池组使用参数标准，同时配备副电池组可升级电源管理模块（以备未来电池技术更新后对应进行升级），在此基础上各电动汽车生产厂商再根据不同车型大小调整主电池组大小、体积、形状、安装位置等。
6.权利要求项6可更换副电池组使用分体式紧固膨胀螺栓固定，后期按照螺栓使用寿命和次数方便更换。
7.权利要求项7电动汽车厂商可选择在新车出厂时不配备副电池组，只需要配备主电池组即可，同时对副电池组位置进行密封保护，新车交付给客户时，客户按照需要可选择向换电站租用或买入副电池组。
8.权利要求项8客户在平时使用电动汽车时，电动汽车总控制器自动识别副电池组有无安装，智能控制，使用者可选择仅由主电池组供电。
9.权利要求项9副电池组在设计之初就充分考虑到散热问题，车辆生产厂家在原车副电池组位置布置散热***，当副电池组未向电动汽车主控制器供电时，副电池组仅向主电池或动力***小电流供电，电池能量转化效率低，电池组自发热小，总控制器不需启用副电池组散热***，当电动汽车开启高性能模式、主副电池组同时向主控制其供电时，散热***启动，保持副电池组恒温状态。
10.权利要求项10副电池组由换电站向汽车使用者提供相应服务，每个副电池组配有对应编码储存芯片（非接触式射频识别(RFID)NFC芯片）内置于电池组内部，防止拆卸破坏盗用，换电站在每次对副电池组更换时，自动识别芯片编码，同时检测副电池组剩余电量，计算副电池组使用电量，再按相应套餐等***收费。
CN202010078290.7A 2020-01-10 2020-02-01 电动汽车主副电池双电*** Pending CN113183774A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113619375A (zh) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-09 上海光引科技有限公司 一种电动汽车四驱驱动***
CN114312361A (zh) * 2022-01-27 2022-04-12 赵春江 一种用于电动汽车的共享电池电能分配方法
CN115771409A (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-10 湖南工程学院 一种电动车的模块化电池增程换电结构及方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113619375A (zh) * 2021-09-02 2021-11-09 上海光引科技有限公司 一种电动汽车四驱驱动***
CN114312361A (zh) * 2022-01-27 2022-04-12 赵春江 一种用于电动汽车的共享电池电能分配方法
CN115771409A (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-03-10 湖南工程学院 一种电动车的模块化电池增程换电结构及方法

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