CN113178370A - Annular slit type emitter and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Annular slit type emitter and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113178370A CN113178370A CN202110466669.XA CN202110466669A CN113178370A CN 113178370 A CN113178370 A CN 113178370A CN 202110466669 A CN202110466669 A CN 202110466669A CN 113178370 A CN113178370 A CN 113178370A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- emitter
- slit
- outer ring
- inner ring
- radius
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/30—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode
- H01J1/304—Field-emissive cathodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0087—Electro-dynamic thrusters, e.g. pulsed plasma thrusters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
- H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes
Abstract
The invention discloses a circular slit type emitter and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of space electric propulsion. The circular slit type emitter comprises a circular ring body, wherein the cross-sectional area of the circular ring body is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top; the ring body comprises an outer ring component and an inner ring component, and a slit is formed between the outer ring component and the inner ring component. The working medium is supplied to the annular slit type emitting electrode and an electric field is applied to the annular slit type emitting electrode, so that the working medium forms a Taylor cone at the tip end of the emitting electrode. Further increasing the electric field strength can cause the emitter to form multi-point emission. The curvature radius of each position of the tip of the circular emitter is equal, and no end face exists, so that the tip has no electric field concentration, and emission inconsistency cannot occur. By adjusting the emitter radius and the parameters between the extraction and emitter, the emitter point density can be changed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space electric propulsion, in particular to a circular slit type emitter and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The field emission generates charged particle beams by applying an electric field force to working media in the emitters, and because the thrust of the traditional needle-type emitter is extremely small, a plurality of emitters are required to be arrayed to improve the thrust. The integration of multiple emitters can improve the efficiency of the thruster, but the integration of too many emitters in a small area can cause the problems of mutual emitter interference and space charge accumulation. Furthermore, due to the small emitter size, precision assembly of the extraction electrode is very difficult.
The curvature radius of the tip of the emitting electrode is one of main factors influencing field emission, the emitting electrodes such as the edge strip type emitting electrode, the blade type emitting electrode and the like have overlarge electric field intensity due to the fact that the curvature radius of end surfaces on two sides is large, the problem of inconsistent emission such as edge preferential emission is easily caused, and the operation efficiency and the service life of the thruster are greatly reduced. Therefore, how to solve the problem of edge-first launching is very important to improve the operating efficiency and the service life of the thruster.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circular slit type emitter and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the problem of edge-first emission caused by overlarge electric field intensity at the tip of an end face.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circular slit-type emitter, including a circular ring body, where the circular ring body includes an outer ring component and an inner ring component, and a slit exists between the outer ring component and the inner ring component, and the slit is a passage through which a working medium flows.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the circular ring body is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top, the slit at the bottom of the circular ring body is an inlet for flowing working media, and the slit at the top of the circular ring body is an outlet for flowing working media.
Preferably, the slit is an annular slit.
Preferably, the width of the slit is 0.001-0.05 mm.
Preferably, the cutting is performed along any radius of the circular ring body, and the obtained section of the outer ring component and the section of the inner ring component form an irregular figure with two adjacent sides being straight lines and the adjacent sides being equal.
Preferably, the section of the outer ring assembly and the section of the inner ring assembly obtained by cutting along any radius of the circular ring body form a triangle with two adjacent sides being equal.
Preferably, the bottom of the circular ring body is connected with a working medium storage tank, the top of the circular ring body is aligned with the extraction electrode, and working medium in the working medium storage tank is collected out of the top of the circular ring body through the slit.
Preferably, the circular ring body is made of metal material, ceramic material or plastic.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the annular slit type emitter, which comprises the following steps:
respectively obtaining an outer ring assembly and an inner ring assembly which are gradually reduced from the bottom to the top through electric spark cutting or etching processing; wherein the inner ring radius of the outer ring assembly is greater than the outer ring radius of the inner ring assembly;
removing surface oxides of the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly through electrochemical etching, and cleaning surface impurities of the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly through ultrasonic waves;
and subtracting the radius of the outer ring of the inner ring assembly from the radius of the inner ring of the outer ring assembly to obtain a radius difference, and fixing the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly by using a metal foil with the thickness of the radius difference to obtain a circular ring body.
Preferably, the difference in radius is 0.001-0.05 mm.
Preferably, the section of the outer ring assembly and the section of the inner ring assembly obtained by cutting along any radius of the circular ring body form a triangle with two adjacent sides being equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the annular slit type emitter provided by the invention can avoid the uneven distribution of electric field intensity caused by the inconsistent curvature radius of the tip of the emitter, inhibit the problem of preferential edge emission, improve the working efficiency of the emitter and prolong the service life of the emitter. The slit-type emitter can change the emission density through electric field regulation or model parameter regulation. The annular emitting electrode is simple in structure and has multiple arrangement modes, and the thrust range of the thruster can be effectively enlarged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular slit emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working process of a circular slit emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The defect that the thrust required by a task can be obtained only by integrating a large number of capillary type emitting electrodes due to the fact that the single-needle thrust of the capillary type emitting electrodes is extremely low in the traditional emitting electrodes is found; the electric field intensity of tips at two ends of the edge strip-shaped and blade-shaped slit-type emitting electrodes is overlarge, so that the emitting is inconsistent; the emitter made of porous materials is difficult to ensure the consistency of the aperture of the materials, and the coexistence of ions and liquid drops in jet flow is difficult to control.
The embodiment of the invention provides a circular slit type emitter and a manufacturing method thereof, and aims to solve the problem of edge-first emission caused by overlarge electric field intensity of an end face tip.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular slit emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 1(a) is a front view, fig. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along an arbitrary diameter of a circular ring, and fig. 1(c) is a top view.
In the embodiment of the invention, the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 jointly form a ring body of the ring-shaped slit type emitter, the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 are not contacted with each other, and a slit 3 is arranged between the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2.
As can be easily understood from the sectional view (b) in fig. 1, the cross-sectional area of the annular body becomes smaller from the bottom to the top. Through the effect of flow and electric field, liquid produces the taylor awl at the most advanced self-adaptation of ring shape slit, forms the great launch point of density, and thrust has great promotion than capillary tubular projecting pole to there is not the terminal surface in ring shape projecting pole, can avoid the terminal electric field intensity of end point too big and the edge preferential transmission problem that leads to.
In order to ensure that the working medium can be uniformly emitted when passing through the slit in the working process of the emitter, the slit 3 is required to be an annular slit, and the width of the slit 3 is 0.001-0.05mm through verification, so that the requirement of the emitter can be met to the maximum extent.
In the embodiment of the invention, the emitting top of the annular slit type emitter needs to be ensured to be pointed, the slit 3 is used for supplying liquid to the emitting top, and the shape of the slit is not particularly limited.
For the convenience of industrial production, the structures of the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 satisfy: and cutting along any radius of the circular ring body to obtain the section of the outer ring component and the section of the inner ring component, wherein the two adjacent sides of the section of the outer ring component and the section of the inner ring component form a triangle with the same side.
In order to avoid the problem of inconsistent pore diameters of porous materials and realize better control of the types of emitted particles, the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 are made of metal materials, ceramic materials or plastics.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a working process of a circular slit emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the circular ring body is connected with a storage tank for storing working medium 3, the top of the circular ring body is aligned with the extraction electrode 6, and the working medium 4 in the storage tank is discharged from the top of the circular ring body through the slit 3. Under the action of an electric field force provided by the extraction electrode 6, the working medium 3 forms a Taylor cone 5 at the tip end of the emitting electrode and emits a charged particle beam 7, and the charged particle beam 7 can provide power for a satellite through the extraction electrode 6.
Working medium 4 is supplied to the annular slit type emitting electrode and an electric field is applied to the annular slit type emitting electrode, so that the working medium 4 forms a Taylor cone 5 at the tip end of the emitting electrode. Further increasing the electric field strength can cause the emitter to form multi-point emission. The curvature radius of each position of the tip of the circular emitter is equal, and no end face exists, so that the tip can be regarded as an equipotential surface, and emission inconsistency cannot occur. By adjusting the emitter radius and the parameters between the extraction electrode 6 and the emitter, the emitter point density can be varied.
Next, a method for manufacturing a circular slit emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The various numerical specifications shown below can be appropriately changed or adjusted depending on the application.
The method comprises the steps of firstly processing an emitter original through electric spark cutting or etching, then processing the surface of the emitter through electrochemical etching and ultrasonic cleaning, and subsequently assembling the emitter through clamping a layer of metal foil with the width equal to that of a slit at the positions of an outer ring component 1 and an inner ring component 2.
Working medium 4 is supplied to the tip of the emitter from the slit, the working medium or the emitter in the emitter is connected with high voltage, the extraction electrode 6 is grounded, an electric field is formed between the emitter and the extraction electrode, the working medium at the tip of the emitter can form a Taylor cone 5 of about 49.3 degrees under the action of the electric field, emission can be formed when the voltage exceeds a certain threshold, a charged particle beam passes through the extraction electrode 6 at a certain beam angle, and the voltage threshold for forming field emission is related to factors such as the flow rate of the supplied working medium and the distance of the extraction electrode 6.
The circular slit emitter can be realized by the following steps, but not limited to the following steps:
step one, respectively obtaining an outer ring component 1 and an inner ring component 2 which are gradually reduced from the bottom to the top through electric spark cutting or etching processing; wherein the inner ring radius of the outer ring assembly is greater than the outer ring radius of the inner ring assembly.
And step two, removing surface oxides of the outer ring assembly 1 and the inner ring assembly 2 by using electrochemical etching, and cleaning surface impurities of the outer ring assembly 1 and the inner ring assembly 2 by using ultrasonic waves. The present invention is not further limited to the removal and cleaning of surface oxides and may be selected according to the actual needs.
And step three, subtracting the radius of the outer ring of the inner ring component 2 from the radius of the inner ring of the outer ring component 1 to obtain a radius difference, and fixing the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 by using a metal foil with the thickness of the radius difference to obtain a ring body. Namely, a layer of metal foil with the same thickness as the slit 3 is clamped between the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2, and the foil is taken away after the emitter is assembled at a fixed position. The outer ring assembly 1 and the inner ring assembly 2 are fixed, and the outer ring assembly 1 and the inner ring assembly 2 are generally assembled on the working medium supply device according to a set slit width.
In the above steps, in order to ensure that the working medium is uniformly emitted when passing through the slit in the working process of the emitter and obtain a better emission effect, the radius difference is 0.001-0.05mm by subtracting the radius of the outer ring of the inner ring component 2 from the radius of the inner ring of the outer ring component 1.
For the convenience of industrial production, the structures of the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 satisfy: and cutting along any radius of the circular ring body to obtain the section of the outer ring component and the section of the inner ring component, wherein the two adjacent sides of the section of the outer ring component and the section of the inner ring component form a triangle with the same side.
As a preferable mode, the emitter electrodes with various radiuses can be processed, and when the emitter electrodes are assembled, the emitter electrodes with small radiuses can be assembled in the emitter electrodes with large radiuses, so that larger pushing force can be achieved.
Preferably, step one can add a mounting foot on the outer ring assembly 1 or the inner ring assembly 2 for direct mounting, so as to improve the convenience of emitter mounting.
As a preferable mode, the working medium storage device can be processed on the diameter of the bottom of the emitter, so that the outer ring component 1 and the inner ring component 2 are integrated, and the emitter can be conveniently and repeatedly mounted and dismounted.
The triangular structure shown in the attached drawings of the embodiment of the invention is the most basic design scheme of the annular slit type emitter, and can meet the most basic design requirements: 1) working media in the working medium storage box are collected out of the top of the circular ring body through the slit; 2) the top is a tip, so that the curvature radius of the end faces at two sides is greatly reduced. But the triangular structure should not be the only implementation of the circular slit emitter.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ring-shaped slit type emitter is characterized by comprising a ring body, wherein the ring body comprises an outer ring component and an inner ring component, a slit is formed between the outer ring component and the inner ring component, and the slit is a channel for working medium circulation.
2. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the ring body is gradually reduced from the bottom to the top, the slit at the bottom of the ring body is an inlet for the working medium to flow through, and the slit at the top of the ring body is an outlet for the working medium to flow through.
3. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the slit is a ring slit.
4. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the width of the slit is 0.001-0.05 mm.
5. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the outer ring member and the inner ring member are cut along any radius of the ring body to form an irregular pattern with two adjacent sides being straight and equal.
6. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the outer ring member and the inner ring member are cut along any radius of the ring body to form a triangle with two adjacent sides equal to each other.
7. The circular ring slit emitter according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the circular ring body is connected to a working medium storage tank, the top of the circular ring body is aligned with the extraction electrode, and the working medium in the working medium storage tank is extracted from the top of the circular ring body through the slit.
8. The emitter of claim 1, wherein the ring body is made of metal, ceramic or plastic.
9. A method for manufacturing a circular slit emitter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively obtaining an outer ring assembly and an inner ring assembly which are gradually reduced from the bottom to the top through electric spark cutting or etching processing; wherein the inner ring radius of the outer ring assembly is greater than the outer ring radius of the inner ring assembly;
removing surface oxides of the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly through electrochemical etching, and cleaning surface impurities of the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly through ultrasonic waves;
and subtracting the radius of the outer ring of the inner ring assembly from the radius of the inner ring of the outer ring assembly to obtain a radius difference, and fixing the outer ring assembly and the inner ring assembly by using a metal foil with the thickness of the radius difference to obtain a circular ring body.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the difference in radius is 0.001-0.05 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110466669.XA CN113178370A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Annular slit type emitter and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110466669.XA CN113178370A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Annular slit type emitter and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113178370A true CN113178370A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110466669.XA Pending CN113178370A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Annular slit type emitter and manufacturing method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4328667A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1982-05-11 | The European Space Research Organisation | Field-emission ion source and ion thruster apparatus comprising such sources |
| JP2001248540A (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Microwave discharging type electrostatic acceleration propeller |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 CN CN202110466669.XA patent/CN113178370A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4328667A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1982-05-11 | The European Space Research Organisation | Field-emission ion source and ion thruster apparatus comprising such sources |
| JP2001248540A (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Sentan Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Microwave discharging type electrostatic acceleration propeller |
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Application publication date: 20210727 |
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