CN113176443B - Multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on flexible wearable friction nano generator - Google Patents
Multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on flexible wearable friction nano generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176443B CN113176443B CN202110498843.9A CN202110498843A CN113176443B CN 113176443 B CN113176443 B CN 113176443B CN 202110498843 A CN202110498843 A CN 202110498843A CN 113176443 B CN113176443 B CN 113176443B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/16—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/24—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on a flexible wearable friction nano generator, which comprises a signal source circuit, a resonance signal generation circuit and a voltage division circuit which are connected in parallel; the signal source circuit comprises a capacitor, a flexible switch integrated with a diode and a flexible friction nano generator which are connected in series, wherein the positive friction material, the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode material of the friction nano generator are all made of flexible materials which can be woven, the positive friction material and/or the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode material form a sheath-core structure, all the materials are woven into a woven cloth, and the woven cloth and the friction nano generator and a third-party friction material form the friction nano generator together; the flexible switch is connected with the diode in parallel and then connected with the capacitor and the friction nano generator in series; the resonance signal generation circuit comprises a capacitive sensor and an inductor which are connected in parallel; the voltage divider circuit includes a series connection of fixed loads and resistive sensors. The invention can realize self-driven anti-interference multi-parameter integrated sensing, and has wide application range and good stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of friction nano generator sensing, and particularly relates to a multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on a flexible wearable friction nano generator.
Background
In the Internet of things era of everything interconnection, different kinds of sensors serve as a thousand of eyes and downwind ears for human beings, and help the human beings monitor the conditions of accessible or inaccessible environments. In the field of medical health, it is necessary to monitor the body temperature, body weight, pulse, respiration status, etc. of a human body in cooperation with sensors such as temperature, gravity and respiration rate to determine whether the body is normal. In the military field, it is necessary to monitor the conditions of the combat environment simultaneously by sensors of temperature, humidity, vibration frequency, etc. In the traffic field, it is required to cooperatively monitor the driving mileage and the driving speed of a vehicle by sensors such as displacement, speed, and air pressure of a tire to determine whether the vehicle is driving normally. In the agricultural field, it is necessary to cooperatively judge whether the growth environment of crops is favorable for the growth thereof through sensors such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, illumination and the like. Therefore, developing a multi-parameter integrated sensing technology with durable endurance, multiple functions, interference resistance and low cost is one of the important research directions in the future.
The friction nano generator can collect and convert the commonly wasted mechanical energy, wind energy, human body movement energy, ocean energy and other energy in life into electric energy, and has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing method and the like. The output has the characteristics of high voltage and low current, and is particularly suitable for providing energy for low-power consumption electronic systems such as sensors. The friction nano generator is combined with the sensor mainly by the following two methods: (1) The energy collected by the friction nano generator is stored by an energy storage device such as a capacitor and the like, and then the power is supplied to the independent sensor. The disadvantage of this approach is that it generally requires a complex power management circuit to reduce the energy loss during storage, resulting in a complex circuit and a large volume. Meanwhile, the sensor can be powered only through a period of energy storage process, and the real-time sensing requirement cannot be met. (2) Because the output signal of the friction nano generator, such as voltage amplitude, is influenced by a plurality of factors such as external acting force, acting frequency, environmental humidity and the like, the friction nano generator can be used as a sensor, and the signal amplitude is used as a sensing parameter to sense the change factors. The disadvantage of this method is that since each parameter causes a change in the amplitude of the output signal, there is a significant crosstalk between the parameters, resulting in inaccurate sensing results.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on a flexible wearable friction nano generator, which is applicable to acting force frequency sensing, a capacitive sensor and a resistive sensor. The capacitive sensing information and the resistive sensing information are respectively corresponding to the resonance frequency and the amplitude proportion of the output signal, and the output frequency of the resonance signal is collected at the same time. The defects that the multi-parameter sensing technology generally needs additional energy supply, the circuit analysis is complex due to the fact that the dual-parameter sensing is achieved by adopting the dual-resonance peak mode, the sensor based on the friction nano generator is few in sensed parameters, and the stability and reliability are poor due to mutual crosstalk between sensed signals are overcome.
The multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on the flexible wearable friction nano generator comprises a signal source circuit, a resonance signal generating circuit carrying capacitive sensing information and a voltage dividing circuit carrying resistive sensing information which are connected in parallel;
the signal source circuit comprises a capacitor C connected in series 1 The positive friction material, the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode materials of the friction nano generator are all flexible materials which can be woven, the positive friction material and/or the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode materials form a sheath-core structure, all the materials are woven into a woven cloth, and the woven cloth and the third friction material together form the friction nano generator; the flexible switch is connected with the diode in parallel and then connected with the capacitor C 1 And the friction nano generator is connected in series, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the friction nano generatorA negative electrode;
the resonant signal generating circuit comprises a capacitive sensor C connected in parallel RH Inductance L 1 ；
The voltage dividing circuit comprises a series connection of fixed loads R 1 Resistive sensor R T 。
Further, the flexible switch and diode are disposed directly below the friction nano-generator. This configuration determines that the flexible switch is closed immediately after the friction materials of the friction nano-generator are in contact with each other during one contact-separation cycle in which force is applied to the friction generator without the need to apply an additional force to close it. The method is very suitable for flexible wearable application scenes.
Further, the diode-integrated flexible switch includes:
the two lower conductive cloths are positioned at the bottom layer and connected with the diode through a wire;
a first flexible pad positioned beside the two lower conductive cloths;
an upper conductive cloth on the first flexible pad;
an encapsulation layer encapsulating the flexible switch;
the friction nano generator comprises a third party friction material layer positioned at the bottom layer, a whole woven cloth formed by cross weaving of positive and negative friction materials and corresponding electrodes, and a second flexible gasket positioned between the woven cloth and the third party friction material layer. The flexible switch is made of fully flexible material, and the integrated diode is arranged at the edge without affecting the flexibility of the switch. Therefore, after the flexible switch and the flexible friction nano generator are integrated together, the flexibility of the whole device can be realized, and the flexible friction nano generator is applied to a non-flat surface.
The flexible opening Guan Niantie is directly below the friction nano-generator.
Further, since the flexible conductive cloth is one of the most common flexible conductive materials and has a strong electron-obtaining ability, it can be used as both an electrode and a positive friction material. Therefore, the positive friction material and the electrode material of the friction nano-generator are flexible conductive cloth, and the negative friction material and the electrode material are PTFE and flexible conductive cloth with extremely strong electronegativity respectively.
Furthermore, the third party friction material is Eco-flex or PDMS with larger difference of electronegativity with the conductive cloth, so that friction charge and output power generated by TENG are larger.
Further, the C 1 The value is 1 to 20pF. C (C) 1 The effect of the friction nano generator connected in series is to reduce the influence of the equivalent capacitance of the friction nano generator (the equivalent capacitance value is far greater than that of a common contact-separation friction nano generator because the positive and negative friction materials are woven into a piece of conductive cloth), so that the influence of the capacitance sensor on the resonance frequency of an output resonance signal is more obvious.
Further, the fixed load R 1 And resistive sensor R T The value range is R T /R 1 =0.1 to 10, the fixed load R 1 The value range of (2) is 10 omega-1 kΩ. Because R is 1 And R is R T Constitute a voltage dividing circuit R 1 And R is R T The value of (2) should not differ too much, otherwise the voltage dividing effect can not be achieved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can realize self-driven anti-interference multi-parameter integrated sensing without external energy sources such as batteries and the like. The self-resonance signal generated by the friction nano generator is respectively used as the independent sensing signal, so that the self-resonance signal is replaced by using the amplitude of the output signal as the sensing signal, the applicable range and stability of the self-driving sensor based on the friction nano generator are greatly increased, and the self-driving sensor is particularly characterized in the following aspects:
(1) In the invention, the positive and negative friction materials are woven to form a plate-like structure. Therefore, the capacitance value of the friction nano generator is a certain fixed value, and the friction nano generator is not interfered by factors such as the moment of closing the switch, the acting force, the acting frequency and the like. Therefore, the switch can be closed at any time, accurate debugging of the switch is not needed in practical application, so that various factors cannot interfere with the sensing result (namely the resonant frequency) of the capacitive sensor, and the workload is greatly reduced. And the circuit adopts RLC resonance, so that the change of the resistance value of the resistance type sensor does not influence the resonance frequency of the circuit.
(2) For the resistive sensor, the amplitude of the resonance signal is not directly used because the partial pressure proportion of the amplitude of the resonance signal is used. The partial pressure ratio is only determined by the resistance value of the resistance sensor and the fixed load, and is irrelevant to the output signal of the friction nano generator, namely, the partial pressure ratio is not influenced by the interference factors such as the applied acting force, the acting frequency, the ambient humidity and the like.
(3) The present invention places the flexible switch directly under the friction nano-generator, so that the switch is only closed once during one contact-separation cycle of the force application. The frequency of application of the force can thus be sensed by capturing the output frequency of the resonant signal.
(4) According to the invention, the flexible switch is arranged right below the friction nano generator, so that after acting force is applied to the friction nano generator, the switch is driven to be closed without additional acting force. The packaged flexible friction nano generator and flexible switch can be sewn together with the knitted clothes to collect mechanical energy generated by daily motion of a human body or placed on any other uneven surface to collect energy, so that the flexible friction nano generator and flexible switch are very suitable for wearable application scenes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a structural model diagram of a device of a friction nano-generator incorporating a diode and a flexible switch for use in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combination of positive and negative friction materials and respective electrodes of a friction nano-generator used in an embodiment of the present invention (wherein the negative friction material and the electrodes form a sheath-core structure, and the positive friction material and the electrodes are the same material);
fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the frequency domain of the output voltage across the inductor when different magnitudes of force are applied to the friction nano-generator using a conventional vertical contact-separation friction nano-generator when the remaining conditions are the same (the switch is closed when the force is maximized).
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the frequency domain of the output voltage at the two ends of the inductor when the forces of different magnitudes are applied to the friction nano-generator when the friction nano-generator is formed by using the positive and negative friction materials to form a woven cloth by mutually crossing and weaving the friction nano-generator and the third material under the same conditions (when the switch is closed when the forces are maximized).
Fig. 6 is a time domain waveform diagram of the output voltage at two ends of the inductor acquired when the capacitance sensor takes 20 picofarads respectively.
Fig. 7 is a time domain waveform diagram of the output voltage at two ends of the inductor acquired when the capacitance sensor takes 75 picofarads respectively.
Fig. 8 is a time domain waveform diagram of the output voltage at two ends of the inductor acquired when the capacitance sensor takes a value of 150 picofarads respectively.
Fig. 9 is a comparison graph of the frequency domain waveforms of fig. 6 to 8 after the fast fourier transform, respectively.
Fig. 10 is a time domain waveform diagram of the output voltage across the inductor and across the resistive sensor acquired when the resistive sensor takes a value of 15.95 kiloohms.
Fig. 11 is a time domain waveform diagram of the output voltage across the inductor and across the resistive sensor acquired when the resistive sensor takes a value of 11.97 kiloohms.
Fig. 12 is a time domain waveform of the output voltage across the inductor and across the resistive sensor acquired when the resistive sensor takes a value of 5.28 kiloohms.
Fig. 13 is a time domain waveform of the output voltage across the inductor and across the resistive sensor acquired when the resistive sensor takes a value of 2.094 kiloohms.
Fig. 14 shows the peak-to-peak voltage ratio of the second resonance peak across the resistive sensor and across the inductor when the resistive sensor takes values of 15.95 kilo-ohms, 11.97 kilo-ohms, 5.28 kilo-ohms, and 2.094 kilo-ohms, respectively.
Fig. 15 is a time domain waveform plot of the two ends of the inductor acquired by increasing the oscilloscope acquisition time when a force of 0.5 hz acts on the friction nano-generator.
Fig. 16 is a time domain waveform diagram of two ends of the inductor acquired by increasing the oscilloscope acquisition time when a 1 hz force acts on the friction nano-generator.
Fig. 17 is a time domain waveform diagram of two ends of the inductor acquired by increasing the oscilloscope acquisition time when a 2 hz force acts on the friction nano-generator.
In fig. 1 to 3, 1 is a flexible switch formed by a friction nano-generator, an integrated diode, and a capacitor C 1 The signal source circuit is composed together, wherein 2 is a resonance signal generating circuit carrying capacitive sensing information, and 3 is a voltage dividing circuit carrying resistive sensing information; 11 is a flexible switch, 12 is a friction nano generator, 111 is an encapsulation layer, 112 is a lower conductive cloth, 113 is a diode, 114 is a wire, 115 is a first flexible gasket, 116 is air, 121 is a third-party friction material layer, 122 is a second flexible gasket, 123 is a woven cloth, 201 is a sheath-core structure formed by wrapping the outer side (electrode) of the conductive cloth with double-sided adhesive property by PTFE (negative friction material), 200 is a conductive cloth formed by pasting two conductive cloth surfaces with single-sided adhesive property opposite to each other (simultaneously used as a positive friction material and an electrode).
Detailed Description
The objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not limiting thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on the flexible wearable friction nano generator comprises a signal source circuit 1, a resonance signal generating circuit 2 carrying capacitive sensing information and a voltage dividing circuit 3 carrying resistive sensing information which are connected in parallel;
the signal source circuit 1 comprises a series connection of capacitors C 1 A diode-integrated flexible switch 11 and a flexible friction nano-generator 12, wherein the positive and negative friction materials and the corresponding electrode materials of the friction nano-generator 12 all use flexible materials which can be wovenThe positive friction material and/or the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode material form a sheath-core structure, all the materials are woven into a woven cloth 123, and the friction nano generator is formed by the materials and the third friction material; the flexible switch 11 is connected in parallel with the diode and then connected with the capacitor C 1 And the friction nano-generator is connected in series, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the friction nano-generator 12.
The resonance signal generation circuit 2 includes a capacitive sensor C connected in parallel RH Inductance L 1 ；
The voltage dividing circuit 3 comprises a series connection of fixed loads R 1 Resistive sensor R T 。
As shown in fig. 2, a flexible friction nano-generator device structure is provided with a flexible switch and a diode.
Wherein the diode-integrated flexible switch comprises:
two lower conductive cloths 112 positioned at the bottom layer, and the two lower conductive cloths 112 are connected with a diode 113 through a wire 114;
a first flexible pad 115 located beside the two lower conductive cloths 112;
an upper conductive cloth on the first flexible pad 115;
the packaging layer 111 for packaging the flexible switch can be an upper packaging layer and a lower packaging layer, or can be a complete packaging layer, and meanwhile, the upper conductive cloth and the lower conductive cloth are packaged.
The friction nano-generator 12 comprises a third party friction material layer 121 positioned at the bottom layer, a whole woven cloth 123 formed by the cross weaving of the positive and negative friction materials and the corresponding electrodes, and a second flexible gasket 122 positioned between the woven cloth and the third party friction material layer. As shown in fig. 3, 201 is a sheath-core structure composed of PTFE (negative friction material) wrapped around the outside (electrode) of a conductive cloth having double-sided tackiness, and 200 is a conductive cloth (both as a positive friction material and an electrode) formed by face-to-face bonding of two conductive cloth faces having single-sided tackiness. Thus its capacitance value C TENG Far greater than conventional contact-separation friction nano-generators. Through capacitor C 1 And C TENG Tandem reduction of TENG itselfThe influence of the capacitance on the resonant frequency value makes the influence of the capacitive sensor on the resonant frequency of the output resonant signal more obvious.
As one embodiment, the encapsulation layer 111 is a pure cotton fabric material. The first flexible pad 115 and the second flexible pad 122 are resilient sponges or pads. The first flexible pad 115 and the second flexible pad 122 are two, and are used for isolating upper and lower conductive cloths, and air 106 is arranged between the two flexible pads.
The resonant signal generating circuit comprises a capacitive sensor C connected in parallel RH Inductance L 1 And C RH Positive electrode and capacitor C with both ends respectively connected with TENG 1 Is connected with the other end of the connecting rod; l (L) 1 Both ends are respectively connected with both input ends of the voltage dividing circuit 3 carrying the resistive sensing information as output ends. The voltage divider circuit 3 carrying resistive sensing information comprises a resistive sensor R T Fixed load R 1 ,R 1 And R is R T Serial connection; and R is 1 R is R T The other ends of the two are respectively connected with the output ends of the excitation modules 2.
The principle of generating a resonance signal carrying multi-parameter sensing information is as follows: equivalent capacitance C of friction nano generator TENG And a fixed capacitor C 1 Capacitive sensor C RH Fixed inductance L 1 Resistance sensor R T Fixed load R 1 Together forming an RLC circuit. When external force acts on the friction nano generator, the sponge in the friction nano generator is compressed, and the distance between the woven cloth containing the positive friction material and the negative friction material and the third friction material separated by the sponge is gradually reduced until the two materials are in complete contact. In the process, because the circuit is opened and the diode is reversely biased and not conducted, electrons generated by electrostatic induction are continuously accumulated at the two ends of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the friction nano generator, electrons cannot be transferred, and energy is continuously accumulated in the process. When the applied force reaches the maximum value, the flexible switch is closed, and the nano generator and C are rubbed 1、 C RH、 L 1、 R 1、 R T The RLC circuit is formed to generate RLC resonance signals, electrons are transferred at the moment of closing the switch, and accumulated energy is released. Along with itThe back acting force is removed, the switch is opened, the direction of the induced charges generated by static induction is opposite, the diode is forward biased, and the circuit forms a loop to complete the electronic reverse transfer. Therefore, the applied frequency (parameter 1) of the acting force can be obtained by testing the output frequency of the resonance signal; when the parameter 2 changes to cause the capacitance C of the capacitive sensor RH The resonant frequency in the circuit changes correspondingly; when the parameter 3 changes, the resistance sensor R is triggered T R when the resistance value is changed 1 And R is R T The voltage dividing ratio of (c) will change accordingly. Therefore, the applied frequency (parameter 1) of the acting force can be obtained by measuring the output frequency of the resonance signal, the value of the parameter 2 can be calculated by measuring the resonance frequency of the resonance signal, and the R can be measured 1 And R is R T The partial pressure ratio of (c) is calculated to obtain the value of parameter 3.
For capacitive sensing information: equivalent capacitor C of circuit resonance frequency friction nano generator instantaneously closed by switch TENG、 Capacitor C 1、 Capacitive sensor C RH Inductance L 1 And (5) jointly determining. And C is 1、 L 1 All are fixed values, C RH I.e. the measured carrying the sensing information, C TENG Determined by the equivalent capacitance of the device at the moment the switch is closed. C when the switch is closed if a common contact-separation type friction nano generator (positive and negative friction materials are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side) is adopted TENG The separation distance of the positive and negative friction materials, i.e., the magnitude of the applied force. At this time, the capacitive sensing information is disturbed by the acting force (see fig. 4), and the larger the acting force is, the smaller the separation distance of the friction nano-generator is when the switch is closed, the larger the equivalent capacitance is, so the smaller the resonant frequency of the circuit is. In the invention, the positive and negative materials of the friction nano generator are woven together to form a plane, so that the equivalent capacitance value C of the friction nano generator TENG Is a constant value, and the resonant frequency of the circuit is only C RH The decision (see fig. 5) is hardly disturbed by external forces. Thus, inductance L can be measured 1 Characterizing capacitive sensing information by changing the resonant frequency of the two-terminal voltage signal, i.e. by changing the capacitive sensor C RH Modulating the resonant frequency in an RLC circuitThereby achieving the purpose of reliable sensing of the parameter 2 (capacitive sensor). When C RH When taking different values, inductance L 1 The time-domain and frequency-domain signals collected above are shown in fig. 6-8, respectively. In fig. 6-8, the abscissa is time T (in us) and the ordinate is voltage amplitude a (in V). In fig. 9, the abscissa indicates the frequency F (unit KHz), and the ordinate indicates the signal logarithmic amplitude a (unit dB). From the experimental results, the larger the value of the capacitive sensor is, the larger the distance between the adjacent peaks of the output resonant waveform is, and the smaller the resonant frequency of the circuit is.
For resistive sensing information, due to R in the voltage divider circuit 3 1 And R carrying resistive sensing information T Constitute a voltage dividing circuit connected in parallel with L 1 Two ends. And R is 1 Is of a constant value (R 1 The value should be equal to R T Is of the same order of magnitude and R 1 The smaller the value, the better) so that R can be measured 1 And L 1 The ratio of the voltage values across them characterizes the resistive sensing information. The partial pressure of the amplitude of the resonance signal is used instead of the amplitude of the resonance signal (the amplitude is influenced by a plurality of factors such as the contact-separation frequency, the acting force, the environmental humidity and the like of the friction nano generator), so that the aim of stable sensing is fulfilled. When R is T When taking different values, inductance L 1 And a resistive sensor R T The time domain signals collected above are shown in fig. 10-13, respectively, with time T (in us) on the abscissa and voltage amplitude a (in V) on the ordinate. By R T The ratio between the resistive sensor and the second peak-to-peak of the output resonant signal on the inductor in fig. 10-13 is calculated as the abscissa (unit KHz), and the result is shown in fig. 14 as the ordinate, respectively. From the results, the larger the value of the resistive sensor, the larger the partial pressure of the resistive sensor, and the larger the ratio between the second peak and the peak of the output resonance signal on the inductor.
For the frequency information, since the friction nano generator generates an output of a resonance signal every time the friction nano generator receives an acting force in the embodiment, the acting frequency of an external acting force can be tested by testing the frequency of the output signal. When the force acts on the friction nano generator at different frequencies, the signal acquisition is increasedBetween, gather inductance L 1 The results of the above output waveforms are shown in fig. 15 to 17, respectively, with time T (in s) on the abscissa and voltage amplitude a (in V) on the ordinate. From the experimental results, it is known that each time the force acts, an output waveform is generated.
In this embodiment, C RH The sensor can be a capacitive sensor for detecting humidity, temperature, pressure, stress, strain, displacement, speed, acceleration, angle and other parameters. R is R T The sensor can be a resistance type sensor for detecting humidity, temperature, force, pressure, strain, load, torque, displacement, acceleration and other parameters. The present embodiment is implemented by changing the capacitive sensor C RH To change the circuit resonant frequency, thereby achieving the purpose of capacitive (parameter 2) sensing. By varying the resistance sensor R T To change R by a value of (2) 1 And R is T To achieve the purpose of resistive (parameter 3) sensing. By testing the output frequency of the resonant signal, the purpose of sensing the applied frequency of the force (parameter 1, e.g. stationary or moving, walking or running) is achieved.
Because the flexible friction nano generator, the flexible switch and the diode are integrated, the invention can be applied to any application scene with mechanical energy, in particular to flexible wearable occasions. Mechanical energy in the environment, particularly human body movement energy, can be converted into electric energy for self-driven sensing. The resonant frequency, the amplitude partial pressure proportion and the signal output frequency of the output signals in the circuit are collected, so that the sensing of up to 3 parameters can be simultaneously carried out, the sensing signals are not interfered with each other, and the circuit has high stability and wide applicability (sensing signals are various).
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, but rather to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described, and that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, for the purposes of those skilled in the art. Modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on the flexible wearable friction nano generator is characterized by comprising a signal source circuit, a resonance signal generating circuit carrying capacitive sensing information and a voltage dividing circuit carrying resistive sensing information which are connected in parallel;
the signal source circuit comprises a capacitor C connected in series 1 The positive friction material, the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode materials of the friction nano generator are all flexible materials which can be woven, the positive friction material and/or the negative friction material and the corresponding electrode materials form a sheath-core structure, all the materials are woven into a woven cloth, and the woven cloth and the third friction material together form the friction nano generator; the flexible switch is connected with the diode in parallel and then connected with the capacitor C 1 The friction nano generators are connected in series, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the friction nano generator;
the resonant signal generating circuit comprises a capacitive sensor C connected in parallel RH Inductance L 1 ；
The voltage dividing circuit comprises a series connection of fixed loads R 1 Resistive sensor R T ；
The flexible switch and the diode are arranged right below the friction nano generator;
the diode-integrated flexible switch includes: two lower conductive cloths positioned on the bottom layer, wherein the two lower conductive cloths are connected through a wire and the diode; a first flexible pad positioned beside the two lower conductive cloths; an upper conductive cloth on the first flexible pad; an encapsulation layer encapsulating the flexible switch;
the friction nano generator comprises a third party friction material layer positioned at the bottom layer, a whole woven cloth formed by cross weaving of positive and negative friction materials and corresponding electrodes, and a second flexible gasket positioned between the woven cloth and the third party friction material layer.
2. The multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on the flexible wearable friction nano generator according to claim 1, wherein the positive friction material and the electrode material of the friction nano generator are conductive cloth, and the negative friction material and the electrode material are flexible conductive cloth and PTFE respectively.
3. The flexible wearable friction nano-generator based multi-parameter integrated sensing system of claim 1, wherein the third party friction material is Eco-flex or PDMS.
4. The flexible wearable friction nano-generator based multiparameter integrated sensing system of claim 1, wherein the C 1 The value is 1 to 20pF.
5. The flexible wearable friction nano-generator based multiparameter integrated sensing system of claim 1, wherein the fixed load R 1 And resistive sensor R T The value range is R T /R 1 =0.1 to 10, the fixed load R 1 The value range of (2) is 1 omega-1 kΩ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110498843.9A CN113176443B (en) | 2021-05-08 | 2021-05-08 | Multi-parameter integrated sensing system based on flexible wearable friction nano generator |
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