CN113173102B - 用于热散逸检测的两级方法 - Google Patents
用于热散逸检测的两级方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113173102B CN113173102B CN202110109965.4A CN202110109965A CN113173102B CN 113173102 B CN113173102 B CN 113173102B CN 202110109965 A CN202110109965 A CN 202110109965A CN 113173102 B CN113173102 B CN 113173102B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G01K3/08—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differences of values; giving differentiated values
- G01K3/14—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differences of values; giving differentiated values in respect of space
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Abstract
一种蓄电池***包括具有蓄电池单元的可再充电能量存储***(RESS),以及被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测热散逸状况的蓄电池控制器网络。所述网络包括RESS嵌入式电池监测单元(CMU),所述RESS嵌入式电池监测单元(CMU)电连接到相应电池群组,并且测量和无线地发送电池数据。蓄电池控制模块(BCM)与所述CMU通信。热散逸传感器安装在所述CMU和/或所述BCM上。连接到所述BCM的主控制器包括被配置成检测在所述RESS内发生的热散逸状况的热散逸检测算法。所述BCM使用来自所述CMU和热散逸传感器的数据来执行确定何时唤醒所述主控制器的第一逻辑级。所述主控制器响应于接收到唤醒信号而执行第二逻辑级以执行所述算法。
Description
技术领域
本公开一般来说涉及与具有集成或嵌入式电池感测电路的多电池电化学蓄电池***一起使用的正在进行的性能监测和控制逻辑。特别地,所公开的解决方案提供一种共同工作以促进对此蓄电池***中的热散逸状况的检测和处理的经改进的方法和控制器网络。
背景技术
如本领域普通技术人员将了解的,使用锂离子蓄电池组和使用具有其它高能电池化学性质的蓄电池单元构造而成的蓄电池组作为电气和机电***阵列中的电源。例如,由混合或蓄电池电动车辆上的推进蓄电池组供应的蓄电池电压被馈送到布置在功率逆变器内的半导体开关的相专用支腿。使用对半导体开关的开关状态的控制来电充能一个或多个多相旋转电机的单独相绕组。如本文中所使用的,术语“旋转电机”广泛地包括具有静止构件/定子和同轴布置的可旋转构件/转子的类型的电动马达、发电机和组合式马达-发电机单元。
特别是当旋转电机被配置为电动马达时,相应定子和转子磁场的协同相互作用将旋转和转矩施加给转子和所连接的转子轴。转子轴可以例如经由中间齿轮箱或动力传动组件耦接到从动负载,其中来自电动马达的输出转矩被引导到从动负载以实施工作。当转子相对于定子机械旋转时,可以使用相反功率流来发电,其中转子的旋转在定子绕组内产生电流。此后,所产生的电流被存储在蓄电池组的单独蓄电池单元中。
在按其能力采用上述旋转电机作为电力推进或牵引马达的电动动力传动系中,只要所述电动动力传动系按驱动或推进模式运行(即,当蓄电池单元主动放电时),便从蓄电池***的单元汲取能量。根据电机的特定配置,可以经由车外充电站和/或经由车载再生设备为蓄电池单元再充电。蓄电池控制单元收集并且随时间推移密切监测和控制电池数据,例如单独的电池或电池群组电压、分别往返蓄电池单元或电池群组的充电和放电电流以及在蓄电池***内的各个位置处采样的温度测量结果。所述蓄电池控制单元被配置成基于收集到的电池数据自动调整蓄电池控制参数。
常规的蓄电池***布置包括分成多个电池堆或模块的蓄电池组,其中所述蓄电池模块中的每一者配备有应用适合数目个蓄电池单元和专用电池感测板(CSB)。每一相应CSB被配置成针对给定蓄电池模块测量对应的电池数据,并且将所测量的电池数据通信到BSM作为正在进行的功率流控制策略的一部分。通常,各种CSB使用电缆、线束和终接器按菊花链方式连接到BSM,以便提供必要通信和电气连接性。然而,新出现的蓄电池***放弃BSM与各种CSB之间的硬接线通信路径,而支持无线通道。
发明内容
本文中公开一种蓄电池***和相关联的控制方法,其共同实现用于检测蓄电池***中的热散逸状况的简化控制架构。所公开的策略在不同蓄电池操作模式期间通过蓄电池控制网络使用可变采样率。特别地,蓄电池控制网络的各种控制器被配置成执行两级方法的不同部分以实现所期望的性能改进。
作为本两级方法的一部分,在蓄电池***的低功率/断开操作模式期间在与多个嵌入式电池测量单元(CMU)无线或硬接线通信的嵌入式蓄电池控制模块(BCM)中连续地执行第一级逻辑(即,级-1逻辑)。当蓄电池***未主动向电气负载递送功率或者未被主动监测时,通常发生此模式。例如,在示例性蓄电池电动或混合电动车辆实施例中,只要车辆在断开状态中停放达延长的持续时间并且蓄电池***(例如,车辆的高能推进蓄电池组)未以其它方式主动充电或实施本方法的范围之外的另一蓄电池功能,便可以执行此断开模式。
第二级逻辑(级-2逻辑)在蓄电池***的接通模式期间运行,并且由连接到嵌入式蓄电池控制模块的主控制器执行。级-2逻辑及其由主控制器的硬件部件的执行由BCM响应于级-1逻辑的执行结果可能使用二进制唤醒信号来选择性地触发。否则,主控制器在蓄电池***的断开模式期间保持在低功率/睡眠模式,直到根据所述方法被BCM唤醒,或者直到被其它***唤醒,例如,当在车辆上使用蓄电池***时,在CAN总线上被唤醒。
所述蓄电池***的示例性实施例包括:多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS),所述多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS)具有按多个电池群组布置的多个蓄电池单元;以及蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测所述RESS中的热散逸状况。所述蓄电池控制器网络包括嵌入所述RESS内的多个CMU,所述CMU中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器被配置成分别测量和发送所述相应电池群组的电池数据。
所述网络还包括蓄电池控制模块(BCM),所述蓄电池控制模块(BCM)具有电源、与所述多个CMU通信的另一收发器、和处理器,以及安装或定位在所述CMU和/或所述BCM上的多个热散逸传感器。使用主控制器作为所述网络的一部分。所述主控制器经由低压线路和隔离通信线路连接到所述BCM,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述RESS内发生的热散逸状况。在此实施例中,所述BCM使用来自所述CMU的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级(L-1)以确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号。所述主控制器响应于从所述BCM接收到所述唤醒信号被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级(L-2)以由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法。
在不同实施例中,所述隔离通信路径可以是控制器局域网(CAN)总线或isoSPI连接部。
所述热散逸传感器中的相应一者可以安装到或者定位在所述CMU中的相应一者上,和/或一对热散逸传感器可以安装到或者定位在所述BCM上。
在一些配置中,所述RESS包括被配置成断开以由此使所述RESS与电气负载断开连接的一组接触器。在此实施例中,所述蓄电池***包括蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB),所述蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB)经由低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述BCM。所述BDSB响应于预先确定的电气故障被配置成请求所述接触器断开以使所述RESS断开连接。
所述主控制器可以被配置成当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况活动时命令所述接触器断开。
所述BCM可以作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成检测所述RESS的所述蓄电池单元中的每一者的欠压状况,并且响应于所述欠压状况将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。
另外,作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分,所述BCM可以选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。所述BCM还可以将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且此后,在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码。
所述主控制器作为所述L-2逻辑的一部分可以被配置成当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且所述蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时进入低功率睡眠模式。
在一些实施例中,可以使用所述蓄电池***作为电动动力传动系的一部分,所述电动动力传动系具有连接到所述RESS的功率逆变器模块以及连接到所述功率逆变器模块的多相旋转电机。
在可能的实施例中,本文中还公开一种电动动力传动系,其具有:功率逆变器模块;多相电动马达,所述多相电动马达连接到所述功率逆变器模块并且由所述功率逆变器模块充能;以及上文概述的RESS和蓄电池控制器网络。
以上发明内容并不旨在表示本公开的每一个实施例或每一个方面。相反,前述发明内容仅提供本文中阐述的一些新颖方面和特征的例证。结合附图和所附权利要求书,根据用于执行本公开的代表性实施例和模式的以下具体实施方式,本公开的以上特征和优点以及其它特征和优点将容易地显而易见。
本公开还包括如下技术方案。
技术方案1. 一种蓄电池***,其包括:
多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS),所述多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS)具有按多个电池群组布置的多个蓄电池单元;以及
蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑,以便检测所述RESS中的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元(CMU),所述多个电池监测单元(CMU)嵌入所述RESS内,所述CMU中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和发送所述相应电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块(BCM),所述蓄电池控制模块(BCM)具有与所述多个CMU通信的另一收发器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装到所述CMU和/或所述BCM或者定位在所述CMU和/或所述BCM上;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和隔离通信路径连接到所述BCM,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述RESS内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述BCM使用来自所述CMU的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级(L-1逻辑),以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述BCM接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级(L-2逻辑),以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法。
技术方案2. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述隔离通信路径是控制器局域网(CAN)总线。
技术方案3. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述隔离通信路径是isoSPI连接部。
技术方案4. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述多个热散逸传感器包括安装到所述CMU中的相应一者或者定位在所述CMU中的相应一者上的所述热散逸传感器中的相应一者。
技术方案5. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述多个热散逸传感器包括安装到所述BCM或者定位在所述BCM上的一对热散逸传感器。
技术方案6. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述RESS包括被配置成断开以由此使所述RESS与电气负载断开连接的一组接触器,所述蓄电池***进一步包括:
蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB),所述蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB)经由低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述BCM,其中,所述BDSB响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成请求所述接触器断开,以便使所述RESS断开连接。
技术方案7. 根据技术方案6所述的蓄电池***,其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况活动时,所述主控制器被配置成命令所述接触器断开。
技术方案8. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成检测所述RESS的所述蓄电池单元中的每一者的欠压状况,并且响应于所述欠压状况将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。
技术方案9. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。
技术方案10. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码。
技术方案11. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且所述蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时,所述主控制器作为所述L-2逻辑的一部分被配置成进入低功率睡眠模式。
技术方案12. 根据技术方案1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述蓄电池***是电动动力传动系的一部分,所述电动动力传动系具有连接到所述RESS的功率逆变器模块以及连接到所述功率逆变器模块的多相旋转电机。
技术方案13. 一种电动动力传动系,其包括:
功率逆变器模块;
多相电动马达,所述多相电动马达连接到所述功率逆变器模块并且由所述功率逆变器模块充能;
多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS),所述多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS)经由一对接触器连接到所述功率逆变器模块,并且具有按多个电池群组布置的多个蓄电池单元;以及
蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测所述RESS中的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元(CMU),所述多个电池监测单元(CMU)嵌入所述RESS内,所述CMU中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和发送所述相应电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块(BCM),所述蓄电池控制模块(BCM)具有与所述多个CMU通信的另一收发器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装到所述CMU和/或所述BCM或者定位在所述CMU和/或所述BCM上;
蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB),所述蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB)经由额外的低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述BCM,其中,所述BDSB响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成经由所述接触器的操作来请求所述RESS断开连接;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和控制器局域网(CAN)总线或另一isoSPI连接部中的任一者连接到所述BCM和所述BDSB,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述RESS内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述BCM使用来自所述CMU的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级(L-1逻辑),以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述BCM接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级(L-2逻辑),以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法,并且当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况活动时断开所述接触器。
技术方案14. 根据技术方案13所述的电动动力传动系,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成检测所述RESS的所述蓄电池单元中的每一者的欠压状况,并且响应于所述欠压状况而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。
技术方案15. 根据技术方案14所述的电动动力传动系,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被进一步配置成选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器。
技术方案16. 根据技术方案15所述的电动动力传动系,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被进一步配置成将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码。
技术方案17. 根据技术方案16所述的电动动力传动系,其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且所述蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时,所述主控制器作为所述L-2逻辑的一部分被进一步配置成进入低功率睡眠模式。
技术方案18. 根据技术方案13所述的电动动力传动系,其中,所述多相电动马达是被配置成连接到机动车辆的一个或多个车轮的高能电力牵引马达。
技术方案19. 一种与多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS)一起使用的蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测所述RESS的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元(CMU),所述多个电池监测单元(CMU)嵌入所述RESS内,所述CMU中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和无线地发送所述相应电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块(BCM),所述蓄电池控制模块(BCM)具有电源、与所述多个CMU通信的另一收发器、和处理器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装或定位在所述CMU和/或所述BCM上;
蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB),所述蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB)经由低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述BCM,其中,所述BDSB响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成针对所述RESS的断开连接发送请求;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和隔离通信路径连接到所述BCM和所述BDSB,其中,所述隔离通信路径是控制器局域网(CAN)总线或另一isoSPI连接部,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述RESS内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述BCM使用来自所述CMU的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级(L-1逻辑),以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述BCM接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级(L-2逻辑),以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法。
技术方案20. 根据技术方案19所述的蓄电池控制器网络,其中,所述BCM作为所述L-1逻辑的一部分被配置成:
选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述RESS的多个蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器;
将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码;以及
当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且所述蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时进入低功率睡眠模式。
附图说明
图1是具有蓄电池***和蓄电池控制网络的电气***的示意性图示,所述蓄电池控制网络如本文中所阐述被配置成实现用于检测蓄电池***中的热散逸状况的两级方法。
图2和图3绘示用于实现热散逸检测的本两级方法的示例性电路拓扑结构。
图4是描述本方法的实施例的流程图。
本公开易于进行各种修改和替代形式,并且一些代表性实施例已经例如示出在附图中并且将在本文中详细描述。本公开的新颖方面并不限于附图中示出的特定形式。相反,本公开旨在覆盖落入由所附权利要求书限定的本公开的精神和范围内的修改、等效方案、组合和/或替代方案。
具体实施方式
以下具体实施方式本质上仅是示例性的,并且并不旨在限制应用和使用。本公开的实施例在本文中根据功能和/或逻辑块部件以及各种处理步骤来描述。此类块部件可以通过各自被配置成实施指定功能的多个不同硬件部件来实现。另外,本领域技术人员将了解,本公开的实施例可以有利地结合多个***来实践,并且本文中描述的***仅是本公开的示例性实施例。
参考附图,其中在各个视图中,使用相似附图标记来标识相似或相同部件,图1示意性地绘示蓄电池***10,其具有多电池可再充电能量存储***(RESS) 12和分布式蓄电池控制器网络(C) 50。本文中描述的蓄电池***10被实施为多个嵌入式控制模块,所述多个嵌入式控制模块在不同实施例中通过硬接线连接或无线地共同使得数据传送能够在蓄电池***10内发生。蓄电池控制器网络50在图1中仅为说明简单和描述清楚起见而示意性地绘示为整体设备,其中示例性硬件实施方案示例绘示在图2和图3中并且在下文加以描述。
图1同样地示出存储器(M)和处理器(P),其中图2和图3的示例性实施方案或附图中未具体绘示的其它硬件实施方案可能包括在本公开的范围内的数个存储器和/或处理器设备、位置和硬件配置。共同地,构成蓄电池控制器网络50的各种控制模块被编程为经由编程在存储器(M)中的方法100调节蓄电池***10的正在进行的热操作和电操作,其中此方法100的示例绘示在图4中。蓄电池控制器网络50的组成控制模块可以选择性地执行方法100的范围之外的其它软件程序,例如但不限于电池平衡、健康监测、电范围估计和/或动力传动系控制操作,其中在本领域中理解此类应用,并且因此在本文中不对其进行描述。
图1中所示的蓄电池控制器网络50接收输入信号(箭头CCI),并且响应于其而发送输出信号(箭头CCO)以改变或维持蓄电池***10的当前操作状态。如上所述,蓄电池控制器网络50被实施为多个控制模块,即,各自可以或能够存取必需存储器(M)和处理器(P)的电子控制单元和/或专用集成电路(ASIC),以及其它相关联的硬件和软件(例如,时钟或计时器、输入/输出电路***等等)。存储器(M)可以包括足够数量的只读存储器,例如磁性或光学存储器。
蓄电池控制器网络50包括实施方法100的计算机-可执行逻辑或代码,其中此逻辑被配置成用于检测在RESS 12内发生的发生中或正在进行的热散逸状况。蓄电池控制器网络50使用由网络50内的特定控制模块执行的所公开的两级逻辑这样做。如本领域普通技术人员将了解的,热散逸是可能例如因过度充电或电池损坏而在锂离子蓄电池单元和具有其它蓄电池化学性质的电池或电池群组中发生的不期望的蓄电池热状况。当蓄电池组(例如本RESS 12)内的产热速率超过所产生的热可以通过车载热调节技术或功率控制举措被有效地耗散的速率时,发生热散逸。
在图1的示例性蓄电池***10中,多个电化学蓄电池单元14彼此紧密相邻地布置或堆叠。如果给定蓄电池单元14碰巧经历温度的快速升高,则当蓄电池单元14的快速升高的温度传播到附近的蓄电池单元14时,可能产生级联多米诺效应。因此,图1的蓄电池控制器网络50被配置成根据图4的方法100密切监测RESS 12的热散逸状况。为促进方法100的执行,RESS 12被配置成使得车载电池感测和电池数据通信功能被直接集成到RESS 12的结构中,其中在一些实施例中,电池数据的通信可能无线地实施。例如,RESS 12可以可选地如在授予Kim等人的美国专利号10,411,306中所公开的那样配置,所述美国专利借此以全文引用方式并入。
进一步关于在图1中示意性地示出的蓄电池***10,蓄电池***10可以用于许多各种不同的有益应用或***中,包括但不限于公路、空中、水上或铁路车辆、农用装备、机器人、静止或移动动力装置以及其它移动或静止***。本蓄电池***10、并且特别是其RESS12的可能应用是在电动动力传动系16中使用的高能直流(DC)电源。在一些实施例中,此电动动力传动系16可以用于推进机动车辆18,例如,操作员驾驶或自主驾驶的乘客或商用公路用车。为这样做,可以控制电动动力传动系16以产生输出转矩(箭头TO)并将其递送到相对于机动车辆18的车身22安装的相应前和/或后车轮20F和/或20R。因此,车轮20F和/或20R按电动或混合电动驱动模式的旋转沿着路面24推进机动车辆18。
在图1的所示出的示例性配置中,使用RESS 12作为机动车辆18上的高能/高压电源。在此实施例中,RESS 12可以经由一组高压接触器11选择性地断开连接,并且被配置成电充能牵引功率逆变器模块(TPIM) 26。虽然为了说明简单起见而省略,但是本领域技术人员将了解,功率逆变器(例如TPIM 26)包含布置在相专用开关支腿中的多组半导体开关和滤波部件,其中例如使用脉冲宽度调制按特定速率改变单独的IGBT、MOFSET或其它半导体开关的接通/断开状态。因此,开关控制使得TPIM 26能够从RESS 12接收DC电压(VDC)并输出多相/AC电压(VAC)。如上所述,旋转电机(ME) 28的相绕组可以电连接到TPIM 26,使得来自电机28的输出转矩(箭头TO)被最终递送到所耦接的负载(在此情况下,车轮20F和/或20R)。
作为现在将参考图2-图4的非限制性示例性控制器架构描述的本方法100的一部分,图1中所示的示例性蓄电池控制器网络50的组成控制模块可以嵌入蓄电池***10内,并且用于确定每一相应蓄电池单元14和/或其堆叠的电池数据。然后,此电池数据例如以2.4GHz或另一应用适合的频率通过安全RF网络经由硬接线或无线/射频(RF)发送作为输入信号(箭头CCI)的一部分被报告。用于构造蓄电池控制器网络50的嵌入式控制模块可以彼此隔开一定距离(例如,隔开0.1m与0.5m之间)定位,并且因此,当采用无线/RF通信时,应该完全根据此间隔的距离并且适当考虑电磁干扰和其它潜在信号噪声源来选择用于实现本教示的特定通信协议。
参考图2和图3,图1中示意性地绘示的蓄电池控制器网络50可以可选地被配置为具有上述嵌入式控制模块的无线网络,或者所绘示的无线路径可以使用铜线或其它合适的传输导体硬接线。特别地,本方法将电池感测控制模块或电池测量单元(CMU) 50A嵌入RESS12内,其中控制模块50A的共同集合共同以C1指示。例如,RESS 12可以由多个(n个)蓄电池单元群组构造而成,其中每一蓄电池单元群组具有应用专用数目个蓄电池单元14和相应的CMU(即,CMU1, CMU2, CMU3, …, CMUn)。
每一CMU 50A配备有相应收发器(TX) 32和与之通信的电池感测ASIC (CS-ASIC)34。给定嵌入式无线CMU 50A的收发器32和CS-ASIC 34共同实现直接电池感测以及所感测的电池数据到达标记为C2的蓄电池控制模块(BCM) 50B的有线或无线通信,蓄电池控制模块(BCM) 50B可以位于RESS 12上或紧密靠近于RESS 12。继而,BCM 50B连接到蓄电池断开连接维修板(BDSB) 50C和主控制器50D并与之磁隔离,其中在图2和图3中,BDSB 50C和主控制器50D分别标记为C3和C4。
当在如下两个特定蓄电池操作模式期间实施本方法100时,所绘示的拓扑结构中的CMU 50A和BCM 50B协同工作:(1) “正常”模式,当主控制器50D唤醒时,或者当机动车辆18处于驱动/充电模式时,以及(2) 低功率“慢速”模式,其中主控制器50D睡眠,或者当机动车辆18处于断开模式时。在车辆18或其中使用蓄电池控制器网络50的其它***的不同对应模式期间的不同蓄电池操作模式可以降低正在进行的热散逸检测工作期间的总能量消耗,如将了解的,在机动车辆应用中通常需要连续监测热散逸检测工作。
如在下文参考图4的描述中将解释的,本方法100按两个逻辑级操作:级-1逻辑,其由BCM 50B执行;以及级-2逻辑,其由主控制器50D基于级-1逻辑的结果选择性地执行。级-1逻辑不仅基于来自专用热散逸传感器41的读数(在不同实施例中,热散逸传感器41可以嵌入BCM 50B和/或CMU 50A中),而且还使用在给定测量循环期间(即,具有共同时间戳)来自嵌入式CMU 50A的可用电池电压和温度读数以及其它以无线方式报告的电池数据。级-1逻辑还使用在不同测量循环期间从RESS 12内的相同蓄电池单元14或电池群组/位置获取的测量结果。重复使用来自CS-ASIC 34的正在进行的电池感测活动的可用电池电压和温度数据与来自专用热散逸传感器41的数据进行交叉检查旨在增加级-1检测工作的真实度,并且还可以减少蓄电池***10内的传感器41的数量。
如上所述,级-1基础检测逻辑位于CMU 50A和BCM 50B的级处,并且在蓄电池***10的断开模式期间运行。只要如下文参考图4所解释的在级-1处理期间检测到异常,CMU50A和BCM 50B便还选择性地唤醒主控制器50D。更复杂的级-2逻辑位于主控制器50D中,并且在主控制器50D唤醒时执行。在主控制器50D处,可以基于控制参数执行合适的热散逸检测过程,所述控制参数可能包括各种蓄电池单元14和/或RESS 12的所报告和/或所计算的充电状态(SOC)和健康状态(SOH)、当前驱动/充电/监测操作模式、环境温度以及其它可能因素。
在可能的实施例中,CMU 50A与BCM 50B之间的通信可以在安全无线网络上采用2.4GHz无线协议,使得由单独的CMU 50A测量的电池数据使用低功率无线电波发送到BCM50B。如将了解的,2.4GHz协议通常包括约2.402-2.480 GHz的频率范围。在本公开的范围内,可以使用其它RF频率范围。同样地,可以使用例如时间同步通道跳变(TSCH)等技术,以及用于局域网和城域网的IEEE 802.15.4e标准或其它合适标准。将容易了解的示例性方法包括无线片上微粒(mote-on-chip),其中CMU 50A可能包括多通道多电池感测芯片或任何其它合适配置的CS-ASIC 34或芯片组。
图2和图3还绘示上述BDSB 50C,其与BCM 50B一起可以配备有其自己的通信(COMM)芯片35。BDSB 50C可以编程有蓄电池级任务,例如监测整个RESS 12的电池组电压、电流和其它值。BDSB 50C可以经由5V或其它合适低压电源线和电接地部(Gnd)电连接到蓄电池控制模块50B。为确保BCM 50B与BDSB 50C之间的合适隔离,通信芯片35可以经由隔离通信路径(例如isoSPI 36)连接。如本领域普通技术人员将了解的,isoSPI连接部可以帮助抑制可能强加在BCM 50B与BDSB 50C之间延伸的布线上的共模干扰。作为BDSB 50C的经编程功能的一部分,BDSB 50C可以响应于预先确定的条件和/或检测到的电气故障来命令或请求图1的接触器11的断开以由此使RESS 12断开连接。
进一步关于图2和图3的蓄电池控制模块(BCM) 50B,此设备可以被配置为控制板,所述控制板从各种CMU 50A接收有线或无线通信的数据/RF数据,并且有时从BDSB 50C接收其它所通信的数据。在所示出的配置中,BCM 50B包括电源(PS) 38、上述通信芯片35和收发器32。电源38可以被实施为小型低压锂离子蓄电池或其它合适的设备,其继而连接到主控制单元(MCU) 39(例如,在蓄电池***10的整体管理中实施各种经编程任务的另一ASIC或一组处理器)并为其供能。由BCM 50B实施并且落入本公开的范围内的示例性任务可以包括实施基本阈值检查,包括在如下文所解释的方法100的执行期间的电池电压、温度和热散逸。MCU 39还被配置成选择性地实施唤醒功能,其中MCU 39选择性地将二进制唤醒信号(箭头W)发送到主控制器50D,由此触发主控制器50D的MCU 42实施其自己所指派的任务。
关于主控制器50D(例如,在图1的机动车辆18上使用电动动力传动系16的示例性实施例中,车辆集成控制模块或VICM),位于主控制器50D内的MCU 42的代表性任务可以扩展超出本文中公开的特定任务。然而,在实现根据图4的方法100的所指派的级-2逻辑块时,MCU 42可以被编程为至少启动热散逸检测算法,控制各种减轻措施,在需要时发送故障信号,以及记录和/或发送指示此类故障或诊断结果的诊断代码。
与BDSB 50C与BCM 50B之间的连接一样,主控制器50D可以经由相应通信芯片35之间的isoSPI连接部44(参见图2)并且经由低压/5V电源线和接地线(Gnd)连接到蓄电池控制模块50B。可替代地,主控制器50D与BCM 50B之间的连接可以经由控制器局域网(CAN)总线47(如图3中所示)或另一适当隔离的连接。
当在RESS 12的操作期间实施所公开的两级热散逸检测策略时,蓄电池***10利用上述热传播传感器41,其中的两者被分别缩写为TP#1和TP#2。此类传感器41的数量和/或位置可以随预期应用而变化。例如,传感器41可以位于BCM 50B上(图2)或位于单独的CMU50A上(图3),或者在两个位置中。因此,可以通过将热散逸传感器41集成到RESS 12内的不同位置中来证明增加的灵活性。
如本领域普通技术人员将了解的,在经历热散逸时,图1中所示的蓄电池单元14的锂离子实施例将趋于展现一组特定的可检测行为。热散逸可以包含到单个蓄电池单元14,或者可以散布到邻近的蓄电池单元14。最初,受影响的蓄电池单元14的单独的电池电压可能因短路的电极而降低。在蓄电池单元14内发生的化学反应可能在阳极快速升温时发生,其中所述热最终破坏蓄电池单元14内的保护层、电解质材料和电池分隔器材料。蓄电池单元14内的放热反应还可能产生气体,并且增加蓄电池单元14的内部压力。破裂的蓄电池单元14可以同样地排出气体,并且可能排出颗粒物质。
因此,可以使用热散逸传感器41来检测上述热散逸的量和副产物。虽然为简单起见在本文中针对每一传感器41使用单数术语“传感器”,但是传感器41可以各自由数个功能专用的传感器组成,包括在蓄电池***10的其它监测***(例如,热监测或蓄电池冷却***)中使用的传感器。用作热散逸传感器41或作为热散逸传感器41的一部分的示例性组成传感器包括但未必限于示例性电压传感器、热敏电阻、热电偶、气体检测器和/或压力传感器。为说明简单起见,专用热散逸传感器41在图2和图3中示出为单个传感器设备,但不使本公开限于此实施例。
参考图4,如上所述,根据示例性实施例的方法100被分成单独但相互关联的级-1(L-1)和级-2 (L-2)逻辑块。L-1逻辑块由蓄电池控制模块50B实施,而L-2逻辑块由主控制器50D实施。
级-1逻辑
本方法100的实施例开始于块B102,其中图2和图3的蓄电池控制模块(BCM) 50B进入接通状态或按接通状态操作。在图1的示例性机动车辆18和采用蓄电池***10的其它***的操作中,BCM 50B保持在接通状态,除了整个蓄电池***10例如为了蓄电池***10的预定维护或维修而断开的某些操作条件以外。然后,方法100前进到块B103和B104。
在块B103,热散逸传感器41测量并输出数据,所述数据指示描述可能的热散逸或热传播的上述量中的一者或多者。如上所述,传感器41可以位于BCM 50B中(图2)或CMU 50A中(图3),并且因此块B103可以可选地涉及所测量数据的无线通信或其简单记录。方法100继续到块B105。
块B104包括经由BCM 50B确定是否已经从CMU 50A (CMU1-CMUn)中的每一者接收到电池数据。所述电池数据可以至少包括电池电压(VC)和温度(TC)。当已经从各种CMU 50A接收到预期电池数据时,方法100前进到块B108;并且当CMU 50A中的一者或多者尚未提供给定蓄电池单元14或此类蓄电池单元14的群组的预期电池数据时,在替代方案中,方法100前进到块B106。
块B105包括评估由热散逸传感器41测量的热传播值的差或“增量”以确定传感器41中的一者是否未正常运行或未输出数据。当所述增量值超过经校准的故障阈值(ΔTP >CAL)时,方法100前进到块B107,并且否则,当所述增量值落入可接受的限度内时,方法100前进到块B111。
在块B106,方法100包括比较给定测量循环内来自CS-ASIC 34的多个温度传感器的所接收的单独的电池温度读数之间的最大电池温度差(COMP MAX ΔTC),并且然后前进到块B110。
在块B107,蓄电池控制模块50B例如通过将来自块B105的数据与预期值进行比较来确定所述数据是否指示热散逸传感器41中的一者离线或未通信数据的故障(是否FLT)。如果是这种情况,则方法100前进到块B108。否则,方法100重复块B103。
块B108包括在前进到块B112和B114之前记录来自一个测量循环的电池电压和温度测量结果(REC VC, TC)。
在块B109,蓄电池控制模块50B响应于在块B107处做出的传感器故障确定来执行控制动作(CA)。例如,蓄电池控制模块50B可以在前进到块B111之前设置指示故障热散逸传感器41的诊断代码。
在方法100的块B110,将来自块B106的最大电池温度差与经校准的温度阈值进行比较(MAX ΔTC> CAL)。当所述最大电池温度差并不超过经校准的温度阈值时,重复块B104。相反,当所述最大电池温度差超过经校准的温度阈值时,方法100前进到块B120。
如由蓄电池控制模块50B在块B105和B107中所确定的,块B111需要记录来自正常运行的特定热散逸传感器41的热传播传感器数据(REC STP)。然后,方法100前进到块B113。
块B112包括经由蓄电池控制模块50B基于来自块B106的电池数据来确定在蓄电池单元14中的任何一个给定蓄电池单元上是否存在欠压状况(是否14 = UV)。例如,可以通过将电池电压与经校准的电压阈值进行比较来实现块B112。当检测到此欠压状况时,方法100前进到块B120,否则,当不存在此欠压状况时,方法100重复块B104。
在块B113,BCM 50B接下来确定来自热散逸传感器41的数据是否超过经校准的阈值(TP > CAL)。上文公开并且在本领域中了解适于诊断热散逸状况的示例性数据,所述数据包括但未必限于电压、压力、温度和/或在热散逸期间可能产生的特定气体的存在。然后,方法100前进到块B120。
块B114包括针对RESS 12的每一所报告的电池温度比较当前与先前测量循环之间的温度差(COMP ΔTC)。然后,方法100前进到块B116。
块B116包括确定从块B114获取的增量值是否超过经校准的电池温度阈值(ΔTC>CAL)。如果是这样,则方法100前进到块120。否则,方法100重复块B104。
图4中绘示的方法100的块B120需要确定蓄电池***10是否处于预先确定的慢速模式。如本文中和本领域中所使用的,慢速模式是指只要图1的机动车辆18或使用蓄电池***10的另一***处于断开状态便执行的低功率模式。当主控制器50D处于此慢速模式时,方法100前进到块B122;并且当主控制器50D目前不处于慢速模式时,在替代方案中,方法100前进到块B124。因此,块B120是在方法100的L-1部分中实施的最终步骤。
级-2逻辑
块B122包括使用BCM 50B例如经由图2和图3中所示的二进制唤醒信号(箭头W)的发送唤醒或启动主控制器50D (C4)。然后,方法100前进到块B124。
块B124需要使用从由CMU 50A实施的各种测量结果接收到的电池数据来执行热传播或热散逸算法(EXEC TR),并且将其无线地通信到方法100的级-1中的BCM 50B。存在用于监测锂离子蓄电池和其它高能蓄电池组的可能热散逸状况的各种方法,其中本公开不限于特定方法。例如,可以使用来自CMU 50A的各种CS-ASIC 34的来自块B103的瞬时电压和温度读数、来自CMU 50A和/或蓄电池控制模块50B的热散逸传感器41的读数以及此类数据在渐进测量时间间隔内的趋势来检测RESS 12中的温度升高的阈值速率。一旦已经执行热散逸算法,方法100便前进到块B126。
在块B126,方法100包括基于块B124的结果来确定热散逸状况是否当前有效(是否TR)。当检测到热散逸状况时,方法100前进到块B127;并且当未检测到块热散逸状况时,在替代方案中,方法100前进到块B128。
块B127包括确定蓄电池***10的当前操作模式是否是活动模式(是否MD=ACT),在图1的机动车辆18的实施例中,所述操作模式可以是驱动模式、蓄电池充电模式或蓄电池监测模式。当这些模式中无一者活动时,方法100前进到块B128;并且在替代方案中,方法100前进到块B136。
在块B128,主控制器50D接下来确定块B126和B128的结果是否都为否定,即,无检测到的热散逸(块B126),并且当前驱动模式不是驱动、充电或活动监测模式(块B127)。当块B126和B128的结果为否定时,方法100从块B128前进到块B129,并且当块B126或B128中的一者具有肯定结果时,方法100前进到块B136。
块B129包括使主控制器50D返回到低功率睡眠模式。作为块B129的一部分,主控制器50D可以自启动返回到睡眠模式。然后,当主控制器50D进入睡眠模式时,方法100完成(*),从而以块B102重新开始。
在块B136,主控制器50D命令图1的接触器11断开(11→O),以由此使RESS 12与电气***的其余部分(例如,图1中所示的电动动力传动系16的剩余部件)断开连接。然后,方法100返回到块B132。
在块B132,主控制器50D可以在接触器11现在断开的情况下并且在经校准的延迟之后确定在块B126处检测到的热散逸状况是否已经稳定在可允许的公差内。如果是这样,则方法100重复块B124。否则,当热散逸状况尚未稳定时,方法100前进到块B134。
块B134包括发送故障信号(TRANS FLT)和/或触发合适的警告,例如,音频和/或视觉警报、消息或其它合适的控制动作。此后,方法100完成(*)。
鉴于前述描述,本领域普通技术人员将认识到用于实施热散逸检测分析的本两级逻辑和架构的许多可能益处和优点。例如,图2和图3的代表性示例中所示的简化硬件架构实现在CMU 52A的正在进行的电池感测操作期间已经测量的蓄电池数据的重复使用。此重复使用可以有助于降低用于此目的的12V功耗,特别是当方法100用于图1的机动车辆18上时。本方法使得连续监测和基本合理性检查能够在级-1处(即,在通常处于接通状态的BCM50B内)运行,其中需要减少数量的专用热散逸传感器41来实施必需的热散逸测量。另外,本方法100实现热散逸状况的实时预后,而不需要主控制器50D的持续参与。
本教示还实现通过将热散逸传感器41集成到CMU 50A和/或BCM 50B中而提供的增加的灵活性。可以通过减少主控制器50D所需的唤醒时间并且通过如上所述降低12V功耗来增加采用蓄电池***10的特定***(例如图1的机动车辆18)的可用性。此外,本方法允许例如基于机器学习使用由主控制器50D计算的可配置阈值来更新CMU 50A和BCM 50B,以由此改善检测灵敏度、稳健性,并且改善客户满意度。
虽然已经详细描述了用于执行本公开的最佳模式,但是熟悉本公开所涉及领域的技术人员将认识到落入所附权利要求书的范围内的各种替代设计和实施例。意图是,以上描述中包含和/或附图中示出的所有内容都应该被解释为仅是说明性并且不是非限制性的。
Claims (11)
1.一种蓄电池***,其包括:
多电池可再充电能量存储***,所述多电池可再充电能量存储***具有按多个电池群组布置的多个蓄电池单元;以及
蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑,以便检测所述多电池可再充电能量存储***中的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元,所述多个电池监测单元嵌入所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内,所述电池监测单元中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和发送所述电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块,所述蓄电池控制模块具有与所述多个电池监测单元通信的另一收发器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装到所述电池监测单元和/或所述蓄电池控制模块或者定位在所述电池监测单元和/或所述蓄电池控制模块上;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和隔离通信路径连接到所述蓄电池控制模块,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块使用来自所述电池监测单元的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级,以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述蓄电池控制模块接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级,以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法,
其中,所述多电池可再充电能量存储***包括被配置成断开以由此使所述多电池可再充电能量存储***与电气负载断开连接的一组接触器,所述蓄电池***进一步包括:
蓄电池断开连接维修板,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板经由低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述蓄电池控制模块,其中,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成请求所述接触器断开,以便使所述多电池可再充电能量存储***断开连接,
其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况活动时,所述主控制器被配置成命令所述接触器断开,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被配置成检测所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的所述蓄电池单元中的每一者的欠压状况,并且响应于所述欠压状况将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被配置成选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被配置成将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述隔离通信路径是控制器局域网总线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述隔离通信路径是isoSPI连接部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述多个热散逸传感器包括安装到所述电池监测单元中的相应一者或者定位在所述电池监测单元中的相应一者上的所述热散逸传感器中的相应一者。
5.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述多个热散逸传感器包括安装到所述蓄电池控制模块或者定位在所述蓄电池控制模块上的一对热散逸传感器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且所述蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时,所述主控制器作为所述第二逻辑级的一部分被配置成进入低功率睡眠模式。
7.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池***,其中,所述蓄电池***是电动动力传动系的一部分,所述电动动力传动系具有连接到所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的功率逆变器模块以及连接到所述功率逆变器模块的多相旋转电机。
8.一种电动动力传动系,其包括:
功率逆变器模块;
多相电动马达,所述多相电动马达连接到所述功率逆变器模块并且由所述功率逆变器模块充能;
多电池可再充电能量存储***,所述多电池可再充电能量存储***经由一对接触器连接到所述功率逆变器模块,并且具有按多个电池群组布置的多个蓄电池单元;以及
蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测所述多电池可再充电能量存储***中的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元,所述多个电池监测单元嵌入所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内,所述电池监测单元中的相应每一者电连接到所述电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和发送所述电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块,所述蓄电池控制模块具有与所述多个电池监测单元通信的另一收发器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装到所述电池监测单元和/或所述蓄电池控制模块或者定位在所述电池监测单元和/或所述蓄电池控制模块上;
蓄电池断开连接维修板,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板经由额外的低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述蓄电池控制模块,其中,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成经由所述接触器的操作来请求所述多电池可再充电能量存储***断开连接;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和控制器局域网总线或另一isoSPI连接部中的任一者连接到所述蓄电池控制模块和所述蓄电池断开连接维修板,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块使用来自所述电池监测单元的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级,以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述蓄电池控制模块接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级,以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法,并且当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况活动时断开所述接触器,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被配置成检测所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的所述蓄电池单元中的每一者的欠压状况,并且响应于所述欠压状况而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被进一步配置成选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被进一步配置成将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电动动力传动系,其中,当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时,所述主控制器作为所述第二逻辑级的一部分被进一步配置成进入低功率睡眠模式。
10.根据权利要求8所述的电动动力传动系,其中,所述多相电动马达是被配置成连接到机动车辆的一个或多个车轮的高能电力牵引马达。
11.一种与多电池可再充电能量存储***一起使用的蓄电池控制器网络,所述蓄电池控制器网络被配置成执行两级逻辑以检测所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的热散逸状况,所述蓄电池控制器网络包括:
多个电池监测单元,所述多个电池监测单元嵌入所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内,所述电池监测单元中的相应每一者电连接到电池群组中的相应一者,并且使用电池感测专用集成电路和收发器而被配置成分别测量和无线地发送所述电池群组的电池数据;
蓄电池控制模块,所述蓄电池控制模块具有电源、与所述多个电池监测单元通信的另一收发器、和处理器;
多个热散逸传感器,所述多个热散逸传感器安装或定位在所述电池监测单元和/或所述蓄电池控制模块上;
蓄电池断开连接维修板,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板经由低压电源线和isoSPI连接部连接到所述蓄电池控制模块,其中,所述蓄电池断开连接维修板响应于预先确定的电气故障而被配置成针对所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的断开连接发送请求;以及
主控制器,所述主控制器经由低压线路和隔离通信路径连接到所述蓄电池控制模块和所述蓄电池断开连接维修板,其中,所述隔离通信路径是控制器局域网总线或另一isoSPI连接部,并且通过预先确定的热散逸检测算法来编程,所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法在由所述主控制器执行时被配置成检测在所述多电池可再充电能量存储***内发生的热散逸状况;
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块使用来自所述电池监测单元的电池数据和来自所述热散逸传感器的收集到的数据而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第一逻辑级,以便确定何时唤醒所述主控制器,并且此后向其发送唤醒信号;并且
其中,所述主控制器响应于从所述蓄电池控制模块接收到所述唤醒信号而被配置成执行所述两级逻辑的第二逻辑级,以便由此执行所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法,
其中,所述蓄电池控制模块作为所述第一逻辑级的一部分被配置成:
选择性地计算多个测量周期内所述多电池可再充电能量存储***的多个蓄电池单元的电池温度的最大温度差,并且响应于所述最大温度差超过经校准的温度阈值而将所述唤醒信号发送到所述主控制器;
将来自所述热散逸传感器的数据差与经校准的故障阈值进行比较,并且在来自所述热散逸传感器的所述数据差超过经校准的故障阈值时记录故障代码;以及
当所述预先确定的热散逸检测算法指示所述热散逸状况不活动、并且蓄电池***的当前操作模式不是活动操作模式时进入低功率睡眠模式。
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