CN113162073A - Wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system - Google Patents

Wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system Download PDF

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CN113162073A
CN113162073A CN202110512851.4A CN202110512851A CN113162073A CN 113162073 A CN113162073 A CN 113162073A CN 202110512851 A CN202110512851 A CN 202110512851A CN 113162073 A CN113162073 A CN 113162073A
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wind turbine
turbine generator
energy storage
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CN113162073B (en
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王瑞明
丁磊
代林旺
齐琛
付德义
鲍威宇
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Shandong University
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241The oscillation concerning frequency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of wind power systems, and provides a wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system. The method comprises the steps of releasing rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator, and adjusting active power of stored energy based on a difference value between required support power and a wind turbine generator output reference value to achieve active power fluctuation stabilization during a support period; adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, wherein the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage; and adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed, and filling up the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.

Description

Wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power systems, and particularly relates to a wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the rapid development of wind power, the specific gravity of the wind power in the system is gradually increased, the safe and stable operation of the system is seriously challenged, and the improvement of the active supporting capability of the wind power system becomes the key of the sustainable development of the wind power. However, since wind power is affected by fluctuation of wind resources, wind power output has intermittency and volatility, and it is difficult to ensure reliable energy input. The inventor finds that although the conventional wind power comprehensive inertia or primary frequency modulation control strategy taking rotor kinetic energy utilization as a core can provide a short-term active support according to frequency differentiation and deviation, the problem of secondary frequency drop is brought, even larger load impact is caused, and both the system frequency recovery and the unit load are adversely affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method and system, which can realize stable wind power support and avoid load impact in the process of secondary frequency drop and recovery of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a wind turbine generator and an energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method.
A wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method comprises the following steps:
releasing rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator, and adjusting active power of stored energy based on a difference value between required support power and a wind turbine generator output reference value to achieve stabilization of active power fluctuation during support;
adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, wherein the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage;
and adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed, and filling up the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.
In the process of adjusting the active power of the stored energy, when the difference value between the required support power and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator is smaller than the maximum power of the stored energy, the stored energy makes up the power difference.
Further, in the process of adjusting the active power of the stored energy, when the difference value between the required support power and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator exceeds the maximum power of the stored energy, the stored energy is output according to the maximum power.
Further, the rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine is released through a frequency control loop at the outer loop of the wind turbine power.
Further, in the process of adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to the initial value level, the output power of the wind turbine generator is reduced to the initial value level according to a set time function.
Further, in the process of adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to the optimal power curve, the reference power of the wind turbine generator is restored to the optimal power curve according to the function of the set rotating speed.
The second aspect of the invention provides a wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control system.
A wind turbine generator system and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control system comprises:
the supporting module is used for releasing the rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator and adjusting the active power of the stored energy based on the difference value between the required supporting power and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator so as to realize the stabilization of the active power fluctuation during the supporting period;
the transition module is used for adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, and the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage;
and the recovery module is used for adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed and filling the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method as described above.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer apparatus.
A computer device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the steps of the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the wind storage combined frequency modulation is divided into three processes, namely a support period, a transition period and a recovery period, wherein a wind turbine generator releases rotor kinetic energy in the support period, and an energy storage power supply stabilizes power fluctuation to realize stable and constant support; the wind turbine generator set in the transition period gradually reduces the output power to an initial value along a given reference value (a function related to time), so that the load of the wind turbine generator set and the impact on a system can be reduced simultaneously; in the recovery period, the wind turbine generator recovers to an optimal power curve along a given reference value (a function related to the rotating speed), the energy storage output active power compensates the power depression, and the frequency secondary falling is avoided.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional inertia response active power variation process;
FIG. 2 is a topology of a wind turbine generator and an energy storage coordination deployment control system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of active power change of a wind turbine generator and an energy storage coordination allocation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
When the wind turbine generator normally operates, the power output is as shown in the formula (1).
Figure BDA0003060959850000041
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003060959850000042
for optimum power coefficient, CpmaxTo the maximum wind energy utilization factor, λoptFor optimal tip speed ratio, G is the gearbox drive ratio, R is the wind wheel radius, omega0For the cut-in speed, ω1Controlling the point of entry, omega, for constant speedmaxIs the maximum allowable rotation speed.
A frequency control loop is added to the outer power loop of the wind turbine generator, so that the kinetic energy of the rotor can be released/absorbed to participate in system frequency adjustment, namely comprehensive inertia control, and the conventional equation is as shown in formula (2).
Figure BDA0003060959850000051
In the formula, PrefIs the active reference value, k, during the inertia responsepIs a frequency deviation coefficient, kdAnd deltaf is the frequency differential coefficient, and the deviation of the system frequency from the rated frequency.
The inertia response active power change process is shown in figure 1, wherein P0Is the initial active power, t0-t1In the time period, the wind turbine supports active power but the power is not stable, t1-t2In the time period, the unit is supported by the kinetic energy of the rotor, so that the optimal power curve is deviated, power sag (system frequency secondary drop) occurs, and meanwhile, the unit is easily subjected to large load impact at the time t 1.
In order to realize stable support of wind power and avoid secondary drop of system frequency and load impact in a recovery process, the invention provides a wind power unit and an energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method.
Example one
An energy storage power supply such as a super capacitor is connected to a double-fed wind turbine generator converter direct current bus through a DC/DC converter, and a control topology is shown in figure 2. The wind turbine generator rotor side converter controls active power and reactive power of a generator stator side, the grid side inverter direct current bus voltage and grid side reactive power, and the energy storage DC/DC converter controls energy storage charging and discharging power. From fig. 2 and the relation between the stator and rotor powers of the wind turbine, equation (3) can be obtained.
Figure BDA0003060959850000052
In the formula, PrIs rotor side power, PsFor stator side power, PgThe power flowing to the power grid for the converter of the wind turbine generator set; pessTo correct for the power developed for energy storage, PessWhen the voltage is negative, the power absorbed by the energy storage is obtained; pallThe total output power of the wind storage system is obtained; s is the slip.
Active power change in the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and wind storage combined frequency modulation response can be divided into 3 stages.
(1) Stage 1: support period (t)0-t1) And at the stage, the wind turbine generator set quickly releases the kinetic energy of the rotor, stores energy and adjusts active power, and achieves stabilization of active power fluctuation during the supporting period.
The active power reference value of the wind turbine generator in the 1 st stage is the same as the formula (2), namely
Figure BDA0003060959850000061
The reference value of the energy storage output power is as shown in formula (5), namely when the supporting power P is requiredsetThe difference value between the output reference value of the wind turbine generator and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator is less than the maximum energy storage power Pess_maxAnd when the maximum energy storage power is exceeded, the stored energy is output according to the maximum power.
Figure BDA0003060959850000062
(2) Stage 2: transition period (t)1-t1') the wind power output power is flexibly reduced to the initial value level at the stage, and the energy storage output is zero, namely
Figure BDA0003060959850000063
Thereby reducing the impact on the system and itself.
The active power reference value of the wind turbine generator at the 2 nd stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0003060959850000064
in the formula, Pt1Is t1And (5) the active power of the unit at any moment.
(3) Stage 3: recovery period (t)1’-t2) Slowly adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine to the optimal powerThe rate curve and the rotating speed are recovered, the energy storage output power fills the power depression, the stable transition after the frequency response is realized, and the problem of frequency secondary falling is avoided. The optimal power curve is a maximum power tracking curve of the wind turbine generator, which is a relation curve of the rotating speed and the active power of the wind turbine generator. The parameters of the curve are determined by the mechanical characteristics of the fan, such as the blades of the fan, and the parameters are determined after the fan leaves the factory and can be regarded as constants.
Figure BDA0003060959850000071
In the formula, ωt1’、Pt1’Are each t1' moment generator speed and active power, omegaminIs the minimum rotational speed of the generator.
The energy storage output power reference value is as follows:
Figure BDA0003060959850000072
in the formula, P0The initial active power of the generator set before the frequency response.
Example two
This embodiment provides a wind turbine generator system and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control system, it includes:
the supporting module is used for releasing the rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator and adjusting the active power of the stored energy based on the difference value between the required supporting power and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator so as to realize the stabilization of the active power fluctuation during the supporting period;
the transition module is used for adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, and the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage;
and the recovery module is used for adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed and filling the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.
It should be noted here that, each module in the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control system in the embodiment corresponds to each step in the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method in the first embodiment one by one, and the description thereof is not repeated here.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method as described above.
Example four
The embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps in the wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method as described above when executing the program.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
releasing rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator, and adjusting active power of stored energy based on a difference value between required support power and a wind turbine generator output reference value to achieve stabilization of active power fluctuation during support;
adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, wherein the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage;
and adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed, and filling up the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.
2. The wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of adjusting the active power of the energy storage, when the difference between the required support power and the wind turbine generator output reference value is smaller than the maximum power of the energy storage, the energy storage makes up the power difference.
3. The wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of adjusting the active power of the energy storage, when the difference between the required support power and the wind turbine generator output reference value exceeds the energy storage maximum power, the energy storage is output at the maximum power.
4. The wind turbine and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine is released through a frequency control loop at the outer loop of the wind turbine power.
5. The wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to the initial value level, the output power of the wind turbine generator is reduced to the initial value level according to a set time function.
6. The wind turbine generator and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to the optimal power curve, the reference power of the wind turbine generator is restored to the optimal power curve according to a function of the set rotating speed.
7. The utility model provides a wind turbine generator system and energy storage coordinated frequency modulation control system which characterized in that includes:
the supporting module is used for releasing the rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine generator and adjusting the active power of the stored energy based on the difference value between the required supporting power and the output reference value of the wind turbine generator so as to realize the stabilization of the active power fluctuation during the supporting period;
the transition module is used for adjusting the output power of the wind turbine generator to be reduced to an initial value level, and the energy storage output is zero so as to reduce the impact on the wind turbine generator and the energy storage;
and the recovery module is used for adjusting the reference power of the wind turbine generator to an optimal power curve, recovering the rotating speed and filling the power depression of the output power of the stored energy so as to realize stable transition after frequency response and avoid secondary frequency drop.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein in the supporting module, in the process of adjusting the active power of the stored energy, when the difference between the required supporting power and the reference value of the wind turbine output is smaller than the maximum power of the stored energy, the stored energy makes up the power difference.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for coordinated frequency modulation of a wind turbine generator and an energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. Computer arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method for coordinated frequency modulation control of wind turbines and stored energy according to any of claims 1-7.
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WO2023045273A1 (en) * 2021-09-22 2023-03-30 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Wind-storage integrated inertia response method and apparatus

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CN108631333A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-10-09 上海电力学院 A kind of wind storage joint frequency modulation control method based on limit direct torque
CN110071531A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-30 东北大学 A kind of extensive energy storage and permanent magnet wind generating coordinated control system and method
CN111835040A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-27 华北电力大学(保定) Novel frequency modulation strategy for direct-drive fan

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