CN113161638B - Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method - Google Patents

Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113161638B
CN113161638B CN202110240011.7A CN202110240011A CN113161638B CN 113161638 B CN113161638 B CN 113161638B CN 202110240011 A CN202110240011 A CN 202110240011A CN 113161638 B CN113161638 B CN 113161638B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
charging
current
stress
stage
ion battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202110240011.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN113161638A (en
Inventor
吕浡
张俊乾
高尔越
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Original Assignee
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Shanghai for Science and Technology filed Critical University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority to CN202110240011.7A priority Critical patent/CN113161638B/en
Publication of CN113161638A publication Critical patent/CN113161638A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113161638B publication Critical patent/CN113161638B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/25—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using particle-based methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Operations Research (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a quick charging method of a lithium ion battery with long service life and stress regulation, which divides the charging process into two stages: the charging current in the first stage is changed continuously along with time, and the charging current in the second stage is gradually reduced in the charging process. The invention further provides a stress-regulated lithium ion battery quick charge strategy for avoiding quick degradation, and the method effectively improves the charge rate of the lithium ion battery without sacrificing the capacity utilization rate and the cycle stability of the battery. The protocol provided by the invention greatly shortens the charging time without sacrificing the circulation stability and the capacity utilization rate.

Description

Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a quick charging method for a long-life lithium ion battery with stress regulation and control, which can effectively improve the charging rate of the lithium battery without sacrificing the capacity utilization rate and the cycling stability of the battery.
Background
Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) are widely used in various types of devices due to their high energy density, high power, no memory effect, and the like. However, the rapid charging of lithium ion batteries has been one of the most important challenges faced by the practical use of lithium ion batteries in devices, particularly in electric vehicles. In view of the long development cycle of the new fast charge material system, developing a suitable fast charge protocol has become urgent.
In general, the standard charging protocol of lithium ion batteries is constant-current constant-voltage charging, and it is obvious that the charging rate can be increased by directly increasing the charging current, but directly increasing the charging current easily causes rapid degradation of the battery, and the faster the charging rate in the constant-current charging step, the faster the capacity fade.
The main mechanisms of battery degradation during fast charge include lithium plating, electrolyte degradation, stress induced failure of the positive electrode material, and the like. Among these mechanisms, the mechanical failure of the cathode particles is one of the main degradation mechanisms for rapid charging. Therefore, it is particularly important to design a rapid charge protocol from the viewpoint of preventing mechanical failure of cathode particles, and it is extremely effective to increase the charge rate of a power battery without causing loss of capacity utilization and cycle stability, but no effective solution is currently available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide a stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method, and enable quick charging and stable cycle performance to be realized at the same time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is conceived as follows:
the invention establishes a theoretical model of the internal stress of the lithium ion battery electrode active particles, and designs a rapid charging scheme by a stress adjusting method, wherein the specific design scheme is as follows: the stress in the active particles rapidly reaches a critical value at the beginning of charging and is kept at the critical value, the concentration and stress distribution in the spherical active particles are analyzed through a theoretical model, a control equation is solved through a semi-analytic method, a charging current curve is obtained, and a rapid charging method for stress regulation is designed. The control equation is:
Figure BDA0002961827660000011
wherein m is a positive integer number,
Figure BDA0002961827660000012
is->
Figure BDA0002961827660000013
Is a dimensionless time, D is the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions, R is the radius of the active particles, < >>
Figure BDA0002961827660000021
Surface lithium concentration of active particles, which are dimensionless,/->
Figure BDA0002961827660000022
Is a critical value or strength value of the surface tensile stress of the dimensionless active particles, and represents a failure threshold value of rapid decay of the battery cycle performanceThe failure threshold current can be determined through a simple constant current charging experiment of the lithium ion battery, or the required threshold current is set, and then the failure threshold current is obtained through the following equation:
Figure BDA0002961827660000023
where lambda is n Is equation lambda n cot(λ n ) A positive solution of =1, n is a positive integer,
Figure BDA0002961827660000024
is a dimensionless current density, i<0 denotes charge, F= 96485.3C/mol is Faraday constant, C max Is the concentration of lithium saturation inside the active particles, +.>
Figure BDA0002961827660000025
Is the surface tensile stress of the dimensionless active particles.
Obtaining a change curve of particle surface concentration along with time by carrying out numerical solution on equation (1)
Figure BDA0002961827660000026
Figure BDA0002961827660000027
For the charge cutoff condition, the dimensionless current density is then obtained using the following equation:
Figure BDA0002961827660000028
however, the initial current density at which the charging scheme thus designed starts to charge is very high, theoretically infinite, and neither realistic nor safe. Thus, modifications to the early stages of this scheme are required. Considering that commercial lithium ion power batteries or charging devices generally have a rather high limiting current, early stages introduce a constant current charging with limiting current, followed by a stress-regulated charging stage. The whole charging process is a constant current stress regulation and control rapid charging protocol, which is abbreviated as CCSR.
The control equation of the stress regulation stage of the modified charging protocol is changed into the following equation:
Figure BDA0002961827660000029
here, the
Figure BDA00029618276600000210
Charging current density of constant current charging in the first stage of charging, +.>
Figure BDA00029618276600000211
And->
Figure BDA00029618276600000212
The dimensionless lithium concentration and time at the end of the first phase of charging, respectively, the first phase cut-off control condition is +.>
Figure BDA00029618276600000213
Figure BDA00029618276600000214
And regulating the dimensionless charging time of the charging process for the second-stage stress.
Thus, the current density of the modified charging protocol is represented by the following equation:
Figure BDA00029618276600000215
the relationship between dimensionless current density and charge rate can be expressed as
Figure BDA0002961827660000031
The dimensionless parameter χ can be obtained experimentally. Experiments are carried out by combining a specific commercial lithium ion battery to obtain a dimensional charging current curve under a constant-current stress regulation charging protocol.
It is not difficult to find that the charging current curve at the stress regulation stage is shaped like an exponential curve. Therefore, an exponential curve is used for fitting a charging current curve in a stress regulation stage, so that a charging current curve which is easier to set is obtained, and the charging current curve is expressed by the following equation:
Figure BDA0002961827660000032
here I 1 Is the current of constant current charging in the first stage, I 2 Is the current of the second stage stress regulation charging, I end Is the charging current to be optimized, and a is a parameter adjustable according to the requirement. The whole charging process is a constant-current exponential current rapid charging protocol, abbreviated as CCEC.
According to the inventive concept, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method divides a charging process into two stages, wherein the first stage is high-current constant-current charging, the second stage is continuous in charging current change along with time, and the charging current is gradually reduced in the charging process.
Preferably, the high current of the first stage is a safe upper limit for the current used by the battery and the charging device.
Preferably, the time-varying charging current of the second stage is designed based on a diffusion-induced stress theoretical model of the electrode active particles.
Preferably, in the theoretical model, the maximum tensile stress of the surface of the electrode active particles reaches a critical value rapidly in the first stage of charging
Figure BDA0002961827660000034
And remain at that value during the second phase of charging.
Preferably, the critical value
Figure BDA0002961827660000033
Is set according to the charge and discharge data of different batteries and the optimization requirement.
Preferably, the current curve of the second phase of charging may be approximately fitted to an exponential curve.
Preferably, the charging current index curve has the expression I 2 ＝(I 1 -I end )×exp[-a(t-t 1 )]+I end In the formula I 1 Is the charging current of the first stage, I 2 Is the charging current of the second stage, I end Is the charging current to be optimized, and a is a parameter adjustable according to the requirement.
Preferably, the whole charging process is cut off by voltage, the cut-off voltage is the maximum charging voltage V of the battery leaving the factory max 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious prominent substantive features and obvious advantages:
1. the charging method of the invention does not involve the change of electrode materials and can be applied to various power batteries;
2. the invention directly optimizes the design of the battery charging rate from the angle of preventing the battery cycle performance from deteriorating, and improves the maximum efficiency of the charging rate in the critical range;
3. the invention effectively improves the charging rate and simultaneously gives consideration to the stability of capacity utilization rate and cycle performance;
4. the method is simple and feasible, has low cost and is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging current and a charging voltage curve of a fast charging method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the charge current of the constant current stress regulation charge protocol and the constant current exponential current fast charge protocol of the method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of average charge current and charge capacity for charge and discharge cycles of a method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing aspects are further described in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided:
embodiment one:
in this embodiment, a method for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery with a long service life by stress regulation divides a charging process into two stages, wherein the first stage is high-current constant-current charging, the second stage is charging current continuously changing with time, and the charging current gradually decreases in the charging process.
The method of the embodiment directly optimizes the battery charging rate from the angle of preventing the battery cycle performance from deteriorating, and improves the charging rate to the maximum efficiency in the critical range. The charging method of the present embodiment does not involve a change in electrode material, and can be applied to various power cells.
Embodiment two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, the high current in the first stage is the safe upper limit of the current used by the battery and the charging device.
In this embodiment, the time-varying charging current in the second stage is designed based on the diffusion-induced stress theory model of the electrode active particles. In the theoretical model, the maximum tensile stress of the surface of the electrode active particles rapidly reaches a critical value in the first stage of charging
Figure BDA0002961827660000041
And remain at that value during the second phase of charging. Critical value->
Figure BDA0002961827660000042
Is set according to the charge and discharge data of different batteries and the optimization requirement. The current curve of the second phase of charging may be approximately fitted to an exponential curve. The charging current index curve expression is I 2 ＝(I 1 -I end )×exp[-a(t-t 1 )]+I end In the formula I 1 Is the charging current of the first stage, I 2 Is the charging current of the second stage, I end Is the charging current to be optimized, and a is a parameter adjustable according to the requirement.
In this embodiment, the whole charging process is cut off by voltage, the cut-off voltage is the maximum value of battery deliveryCharging voltage V max 。
The method of the embodiment effectively improves the charging rate and simultaneously gives consideration to the stability of capacity utilization rate and cycle performance, and in the fast charging process, the main mechanism of battery degradation comprises lithium plating, electrolyte degradation, stress-induced failure of a positive electrode material and the like. Among these mechanisms, the mechanical failure of the cathode particles is one of the main degradation mechanisms for rapid charging. Therefore, the method of the embodiment designs the rapid charging protocol from the aspect of preventing the mechanical failure of the cathode particles, can improve the charging rate of the power battery, and does not cause the loss of capacity utilization rate and cycle stability.
Embodiment III:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, a fast charging method with both capacity utilization and cycle stability under stress regulation, the charging current can be set by equation (5). And in addition, a fine-tuning constant-current exponential current charging scheme which is easier to set the charging current is provided, and the charging current can be set by the equation (6). The parameters in the equation are set according to the lithium battery of the specific application.
In this example, a sony 18650 type cylindrical battery is preferable as a test object, the model is US18650VTC5A, the cyclic voltage window is 2.0-4.2V, and the cyclic test is performed by using two charging currents set in equation (5) and equation (6), respectively, the detailed charging current curve is shown in fig. 2, and the specific test steps are as follows:
a. placing the sample cylindrical battery on charge-discharge equipment, and discharging to a lower limit voltage of 2.0V at a multiplying power of 1C;
b. standing for 5 minutes;
c. charging to the upper limit voltage of 4.2V by using the two charging current curves in fig. 1 respectively;
d. standing for 5 minutes;
e. cycling steps a-d to 500 cycles.
The result of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and the average charging current of the stress-regulated CCSR and CCEC rapid charging protocols provided by the method of this embodiment is significantly higher than 11A, and the charging capacity and the cycling stability are substantially the same as those of 10A constant current charging, i.e. the charging rate is effectively improved while good cycling capacity and stability can be maintained, and the method is also significant in improving the maximum charging current upper limit of the lithium battery.
The method for rapidly charging the lithium ion battery with long service life and stress regulation in the embodiment divides the charging process into two stages: the charging current in the first stage is changed continuously along with time, and the charging current in the second stage is gradually reduced in the charging process. The invention further provides a stress-regulated lithium ion battery quick charge strategy for avoiding quick degradation, and the method effectively improves the charge rate of the lithium ion battery without sacrificing the capacity utilization rate and the cycle stability of the battery. The method of the embodiment greatly shortens the charging time without sacrificing the cycle stability and the capacity utilization rate.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made under the spirit and principles of the technical solution of the present invention can be made according to the purpose of the present invention, and all the changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications should be equivalent to the substitution, so long as the purpose of the present invention is met, and all the changes are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical principles and the inventive concept of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method is characterized in that: dividing the charging process into two stages, wherein the first stage is maximum safe current constant current charging limited by charging equipment, and the second stage is stress regulation formula
Figure FDA0003817130270000011
Charging by controlled current, the charging current is changed continuously along with time, and the surface tensile stress of the positive electrode active particles is always kept at a constant critical value in the charging process, wherein m is a positive integer,/>
Figure FDA0003817130270000012
Is->
Figure FDA0003817130270000013
Is a dimensionless time, D is the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions, R is the radius of the active particles, < >>
Figure FDA0003817130270000014
Surface lithium concentration of active particles, which are dimensionless,/->
Figure FDA0003817130270000015
Is the critical value or the intensity value of the surface tensile stress of the dimensionless active particles, +.>
Figure FDA0003817130270000016
Charging current density of constant current charging in the first stage of charging, +.>
Figure FDA0003817130270000017
And->
Figure FDA0003817130270000018
The dimensionless lithium concentration and time at the end of the first phase of charging, respectively +.>
Figure FDA0003817130270000019
For the dimensionless charging time of the second-stage stress-controlled charging process, the relationship between dimensionless current density and charging rate can be expressed as +.>
Figure FDA00038171302700000110
The dimensionless parameter χ can be obtained experimentally.
2. The stress-mediated fast charge method for long life lithium ion batteries of claim 1, wherein: the high current in the first stage is the safe upper limit of the current used by the battery and the charging device.
3. The stress-controlled long-life lithium-ion battery rapid charging method of claim 1, wherein the time-varying charging current of the second stage is designed based on a diffusion-induced stress theory model of electrode active particles; the charging current index curve expression is I 2 ＝(I 1 -I end )×exp[-a(t-t 1 )]+I end ，t 1 < t, formula I 1 Is the charging current of the first stage, I 2 Is the charging current of the second stage, I end Is the charging current to be optimized, and a is a parameter adjustable according to the requirement.
4. The method for rapidly charging a stress-controlled long-life lithium-ion battery according to claim 3, wherein in the theoretical model, the maximum tensile stress on the surface of the electrode active particles rapidly reaches a critical value in the first stage of charging
Figure FDA00038171302700000111
And remain at that value during the second phase of charging.
5. The stress-tuned long life lithium-ion battery fast charge method of claim 4, wherein the threshold value
Figure FDA00038171302700000112
Is set according to the charge and discharge data of different batteries and the optimization requirement.
6. The method for rapidly charging a stress-controlled long-life lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the entire charging process is voltage cut-off, the cut-off voltage being a maximum charging voltage V of the battery delivery max 。
CN202110240011.7A 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method Active CN113161638B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110240011.7A CN113161638B (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110240011.7A CN113161638B (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113161638A CN113161638A (en) 2021-07-23
CN113161638B true CN113161638B (en) 2023-05-16

Family

ID=76884153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110240011.7A Active CN113161638B (en) 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113161638B (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10164770B4 (en) * 2000-03-13 2006-07-20 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corp. Lithium-ion cell capacity estimation for electronic devices, involves estimating capacity of cell based on elapsed time from time when charge voltage reaches specified value to time when charge condition is changed
WO2020116853A1 (en) * 2018-12-06 2020-06-11 주식회사 엘지화학 Device and method for charging secondary battery

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7245107B2 (en) * 2003-05-09 2007-07-17 Enerdel, Inc. System and method for battery charge control based on a cycle life parameter
EP2688135A4 (en) * 2011-03-16 2014-09-10 Panasonic Corp Method for charging and discharging lithium secondary battery, and system for charging and discharging lithium secondary battery
CN105932349B (en) * 2016-06-07 2018-03-30 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of lithium ion battery long-life fast charge method
DE102018128026A1 (en) * 2017-11-10 2019-05-16 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Battery charger and associated systems and methods
CN111505502B (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-06-15 北京航空航天大学 Lithium ion battery aging test method under time-varying cycle working condition based on micro mechanism
CN111766523B (en) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-14 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 Method and device for determining charging strategy of lithium ion battery

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10164770B4 (en) * 2000-03-13 2006-07-20 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corp. Lithium-ion cell capacity estimation for electronic devices, involves estimating capacity of cell based on elapsed time from time when charge voltage reaches specified value to time when charge condition is changed
WO2020116853A1 (en) * 2018-12-06 2020-06-11 주식회사 엘지화학 Device and method for charging secondary battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113161638A (en) 2021-07-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109546248B (en) Method for optimizing charging strategy of lithium ion battery
CN108023130B (en) Lithium ion battery charging optimization method
KR20170099378A (en) Charging method for lithium ion batteries
CN105048014B (en) A kind of lithium-ion-power cell fast charge method with temperature-compensating
WO2012129974A1 (en) Fast charging method for rechargeable battery
CN112540297A (en) Method for researching overcharge safety redundancy boundary of lithium ion battery
CN1595760A (en) Charging method measuring maximum acceptable current of battery for obtaining highest charging efficiency
CN101388562A (en) Fast charging method
CN108400396B (en) Method for improving first charge-discharge specific capacity and first effect of lithium ion battery
CN113161638B (en) Stress-regulated long-life lithium ion battery quick charging method
CN109768595A (en) A kind of series-connected cell group twin voltage mixed equilibrium control method
CN105093124A (en) High-magnification type lithium battery grouping method
CN112366374B (en) Charging and discharging method of lithium ion power battery
CN110783645B (en) Method for improving charging efficiency of secondary battery
CN113991197B (en) Lithium ion battery and charging method thereof
CN114879053B (en) Method for predicting service life of energy storage lithium iron phosphate battery
CN116626523A (en) Test method for improving battery circulation
JP6768054B2 (en) Rapid forming of electrodes
CN105070881A (en) High-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material for lithium ion battery
CN112526357B (en) Lithium ion battery power matching performance evaluation method
CN111948554B (en) Method for reducing mechanical degradation of lithium ion battery
CN106785007A (en) A kind of lithium ion battery of coulombic efficiency first high
KR20140123337A (en) Redox flow secondary battery system
CN113161636A (en) Low-temperature charging technology of lithium iron phosphate battery
CN115275407B (en) Charging method of nickel-zinc battery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant