CN105070881A - High-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material for lithium ion battery - Google Patents

High-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material for lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105070881A
CN105070881A CN201510413106.9A CN201510413106A CN105070881A CN 105070881 A CN105070881 A CN 105070881A CN 201510413106 A CN201510413106 A CN 201510413106A CN 105070881 A CN105070881 A CN 105070881A
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thin
nh2o
capacity
glass sheet
lithium ion
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余丹梅
李黎
陈昌国
邓维林
万慧
程浩
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material for a lithium ion battery. The high-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material is prepared by the following methods: (1) preparation of V2O5 sol, namely taking a proper amount of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution into a small beaker, weighing a certain amount of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) powder into the beaker, slowly stirring the V2O5 powder at a room temperature until the V2O5 powder is completely dissolved, adding a proper amount of deionized water, further stirring the solution until stable reddish brown sol is formed, and diluting to a precise volume to obtain the V2O5 sol with the concentration being 0.008 mol/dm<3>; (2) pretreatment of an indium tin oxide (ITO) base, namely ultrasonically washing a to-be-treated ITO conductive glass sheet with a little of ethanol and deionized water sequentially for 15-30 minutes, and naturally drying the ITO conductive glass sheet for later use; and (3) preparation of a V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode, namely taking 25[mu]l of V2O5 sol with a pipettor, spreading the V2O5 sol on the conductive surface of the pretreated ITO conductive glass sheet, naturally drying the V2O5 sol at the room temperature, sintering the ITO conductive glass sheet in a vacuum chamber at 150 DEG C for two hours, and naturally cooling the ITO conductive glass sheet to the room temperature, so as to obtain the V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode. The prepared V2O5.nH2O thin-film has a special porous mesh morphology; the specific capacity of the lithium ion battery can be improved; the cycle performance of the lithium ion battery can be improved; the preparation process flow is simple; the production cost is low; and the high-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material has great application value.

Description

A kind of lithium ion battery high power capacity V 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrode material field, particularly a kind of high power capacity V for lithium ion battery 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is the novel storage battery grown up on lithium battery basis last century, specific energy is high, power density is high because having for lithium ion battery, have extended cycle life, self discharge is little, cost performance advantages of higher, has become the main alternative that can fill formula power supply again of current portable type electronic product.As power supply renewal product, be likely applied to high-power electric appliance field in the future.Can lithium ion battery realize commercialization will depend primarily on performance and price, in the evolution of lithium ion battery, positive electrode may become the bottleneck of its large-scale promotion application of restriction, thus develops superior performance, low-cost positive electrode is key factor in lithium ion commercialization process.
The many positive electrode of current research mainly contains the LiMO of layer structure 2(wherein: M=Ni, Co, Mn etc.), but the problems such as the low and cyclicity of its specific capacity need to solve.Spinel-type LiMn 2o 4having the advantages such as security performance is good, easy synthesis, is also the anode material for lithium-ion batteries that research is more at present.But the John-Teller effect existed in charge and discharge process, can cause structure to distort, the symmetry of spinel structure is reduced, charge-discharge performance is deteriorated.There is the LiMPO of olivine crystal structure 4(wherein: M=Fe, Mn, Ni, Co etc.) Heat stability is good, security performance are high, and have exceeded the transition metal oxide electrode material of layer structure in the stability of charged state, make it be specially adapted to electrokinetic cell.The irreversible capacity but caused because conductivity is low reduces the coulombic efficiency of battery.
V 2o 5nH 2o xerogel is by V 2o 5the single vaporization of colloidal sol and obtaining.V 2o 5nH 2o is fibrous by what be mutually wound around, and these fibers are made up of the band risen and fallen again, and the band of fluctuating presents two-dimensional structure, is similar to crystalline state V 2o 5structure.With it unlike, V 2o 5nH 2in O, interlayer V-O key is relatively weak, Li +embed wherein, lattice variations is less, is applicable to Li +embed and deviate from, being conducive to the application in lithium ion battery.But still have that ion transportation is low, conductivity is low, charge-discharge performance is poor in actual applications, specific capacity and the problem such as energy density is low, limit its application in field of lithium ion battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy consumption low, time consume low, technique is simple, the lithium ion battery high power capacity V of with low cost, function admirable 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material.
Lithium ion battery V involved in the present invention 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material is prepared by the following method:
(1) V is prepared 2o 5colloidal sol: get the hydrogen peroxide (H of appropriate 30% 2o 2) solution is placed in small beaker, then takes a certain amount of vanadic oxide (V 2o 5) powder puts into beaker, at room temperature slowly stir and make V 2o 5powder dissolves completely, and then add appropriate amount of deionized water and continue to be stirred to the stable rufous colloidal sol of formation, constant volume, obtaining concentration is 0.008mol/dm 3v 2o 5colloidal sol;
(2) preliminary treatment ITO substrate: pending ITO electro-conductive glass sheet is carried out supersound washing 15-30 minute with a small amount of ethanol, deionized water successively, and natural air drying is stand-by;
(3) V is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode: measure 25 μ LV with pipettor 2o 5colloidal sol, spreads on the conducting surface of pretreated ITO electro-conductive glass sheet, and under room temperature after natural air drying, the vacuum tank being placed in 150 DEG C sinters 2 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, namely obtains V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode.
By V prepared by this method 2o 5nH 2o film presents the special appearance of holey.To V prepared by the present invention 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material, adopts three-electrode system, with 1mol/dm 3liClO 4/ PC is electrolyte, V 2o 5membrane electrode is work electrode, and Pt sheet is auxiliary electrode, and Ag/AgCl is reference electrode, carries out cyclic voltammetric and constant current charge-discharge test.Test result shows: its cyclic voltammetry curve has two to the redox peak be obviously separated, and charging and discharging curve has obvious discharge platform, shows high embedding lithium capacity and good cycle performance.When charging and discharging currents density is 150mA/g, its initial discharge specific capacity can reach 408.75mAh/g, and the lithium ion battery V of current existing bibliographical information 2o 5nH 2o electrode material, when current density is only 80mA/g, specific discharge capacity is only 390mAh/g.Under high current density (550mA/g), carry out long-time charge-discharge test, its initial discharge specific capacity is 232.83mAh/g, and after 104 cycle discharge and recharges, specific discharge capacity still can keep 198.61mAh/g.With the lithium ion battery V of existing bibliographical information 2o 5nH 2o positive electrode is compared, V provided by the invention 2o 5nH 2o film positive electrode, effectively overcomes the problems such as lithium ion battery specific capacity is low, charge-discharge performance is poor, significantly improves V 2o 5nH 2o is as the using value of anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Electrode fabrication process is by V 2o 5colloidal sol directly spreads over ito glass substrate previous step and completes, and technique is simple, and easy and simple to handle, process easily controls.And in process, do not relate to the use of conductive agent, bonding agent, the impact on environment can be reduced.In addition, the sintering temperature of electrode material is only 150 DEG C, and energy consumption is low, greatly can reduce the cost of manufacture of electrode.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is V 2o 5nH 2the SEM figure of O film;
Fig. 2 is V 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetry curve of O membrane electrode;
Fig. 3 is V 2o 5nH 2the first charge-discharge curve (current density is 150mA/g) of O membrane electrode;
Fig. 4 is V under different current density 2o 5nH 2the discharge capacity attenuation curve of O membrane electrode;
Fig. 5 is V 2o 5nH 2the capacity attenuation curve (current density is 550mAh/g) of O membrane electrode;
Fig. 6 is V 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetric line of O membrane electrode before and after discharge and recharge;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described as follows:
Embodiment 1
A kind of high power capacity V for lithium ion battery 2o 5nH 2the preparation method of O membrane electrode is as follows:
(1) V is prepared 2o 5colloidal sol: get the hydrogen peroxide (H of appropriate 30% 2o 2) solution is placed in small beaker, then takes a certain amount of vanadic oxide (V 2o 5) powder puts into beaker, at room temperature slowly stir and make V 2o 5powder dissolves completely, and then add appropriate amount of deionized water and continue to be stirred to the stable rufous colloidal sol of formation, constant volume, obtaining concentration is 0.008mol/dm 3v 2o 5colloidal sol;
(2) preliminary treatment ITO substrate: pending ITO electro-conductive glass sheet is carried out supersound washing 15-30 minute with a small amount of ethanol, deionized water successively, and natural air drying is stand-by;
(3) V is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode: measure 25 μ LV with pipettor 2o 5colloidal sol, spreads on the conducting surface of pretreated ITO electro-conductive glass sheet, and under room temperature after natural air drying, the vacuum tank being placed in 150 DEG C sinters 2 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, namely obtains V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode.
As the V that Fig. 1 is prepared 2o 5nH 2the electron-microscope scanning figure (SEM) of O film.As can be seen from the figure, V 2o 5nH 2o film is made up of the netted fluff structure that aperture is larger, and hole disperses and comparatively evenly, this pattern makes film have larger specific area, is conducive to increasing the contact area between film and electrolyte, shortens lithium ion at V 2o 5nH 2deintercalation path in O, accelerates the Charger transfer speed on electrode, just contributes to improving V 2o 5nH 2the charging and discharging capacity of O membrane electrode and cyclical stability, thus improve its electro-chemical activity.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high power capacity V for lithium ion battery 2o 5nH 2the preparation method of O membrane electrode is as follows:
(1) V is prepared 2o 5colloidal sol: get the hydrogen peroxide (H of appropriate 30% 2o 2) solution is placed in small beaker, then takes a certain amount of vanadic oxide (V 2o 5) powder puts into beaker, at room temperature slowly stir and make V 2o 5powder dissolves completely, and then add appropriate amount of deionized water and continue to be stirred to the stable rufous colloidal sol of formation, constant volume, obtaining concentration is 0.008mol/dm 3v 2o 5colloidal sol;
(2) preliminary treatment ITO substrate: pending ITO electro-conductive glass sheet is carried out supersound washing 15-30 minute with a small amount of ethanol, deionized water successively, and natural air drying is stand-by;
(3) V is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode: measure 25 μ LV with pipettor 2o 5colloidal sol, spreads on the conducting surface of pretreated ITO electro-conductive glass sheet, and under room temperature after natural air drying, the vacuum tank being placed in 150 DEG C sinters 2 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, namely obtains V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode.
Employing three-electrode system is tested, V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode is work electrode, and Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, and Pt sheet, as to electrode, carries out cyclic voltammetric and constant current charge-discharge test.As the V that Fig. 2 is prepared 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetry curve of O membrane electrode, scanning voltage scope is-1.2 ~ 0.9Vvs.Ag/AgCl, sweeps speed for 0.01V/s.As can be seen from the figure, at V 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetry curve of O membrane electrode only has two to obvious redox peak, Li is described +ion is at V 2o 5nH 2embedding de-process on O membrane electrode is carried out in two steps, and do not exist can not anti-phase, is conducive to the performance improving lithium ion battery.V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode is-0.25V and 0.16V place each appearance oxidation peak at voltage, correspond to Li +ion is at V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode deviates from process; Locate each appearance reduction peak at-0.46V and-0.15V, correspond to Li +ion is at V 2o 5nH 2telescopiny on O membrane electrode, and the potential difference at first pair of oxidation/reduction peak difference 0.21V, the potential difference difference 0.3V at second pair of oxidation/reduction peak, illustrates V 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material has good invertibity.
As the V that Fig. 3 is prepared 2o 5nH 2the constant current charge-discharge curve of O membrane electrode.Charging and discharging currents density is 550mA/g, and voltage range is-1.2 ~ 0.9Vvs.Ag/AgCl.Upper as can be seen from figure, on discharge curve, there is obvious discharge voltage plateau.Its initial charge capacity, discharge capacity, irreversible capacity are respectively 219.39mAh/g, 232.83mAh/g, 13.44mAh/g.The specific discharge capacity of electrode is comparatively large, and irreversible capacity is lower, and this V is described 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode has good chemical property.
As the V that Fig. 4 is prepared 2o 5nH 2the charging and discharging curve of O membrane electrode under different current density.As can be seen from the figure, when current density is 150mA/g, discharge capacity can reach 408.75mAh/g first.Along with the increase of charging and discharging currents density, V 2o 5nH 2the discharge capacity of O membrane electrode declines to some extent.When current density increases to 550mA/g (increasing 2.2 times) by 250mA/g, but discharge capacity only reduces by 16.2% (reducing to 232.83mAh/g from 277.78) first, and namely discharge capacity slowly reduces with the increase of current density first, and this V is described 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode has good high rate performance.
Although along with the increase of discharge current density, V 2o 5nH 2the discharge capacity first of O membrane electrode reduces to some extent, but after 5 circulations, attenuation rate obviously reduces, and each curve attenuation rate is followed successively by 8.56%, 4.09%, 2.90%, 2.20%, 0.70%, and this trend is different from other lithium ion anode material.This V is described 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode goes for the larger condition of work of current density.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high power capacity V for lithium ion battery 2o 5nH 2the preparation method of O membrane electrode is as follows:
(1) V is prepared 2o 5colloidal sol: get the hydrogen peroxide (H of appropriate 30% 2o 2) solution is placed in small beaker, then takes a certain amount of vanadic oxide (V 2o 5) powder puts into beaker, at room temperature slowly stir and make V 2o 5powder dissolves completely, and then add appropriate amount of deionized water and continue to be stirred to the stable rufous colloidal sol of formation, constant volume, obtaining concentration is 0.008mol/dm 3v 2o 5colloidal sol;
(2) preliminary treatment ITO substrate: pending ITO electro-conductive glass sheet is carried out supersound washing 15-30 minute with a small amount of ethanol, deionized water successively, and natural air drying is stand-by;
(3) V is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode: measure 25 μ LV with pipettor 2o 5colloidal sol, spreads on the conducting surface of pretreated ITO electro-conductive glass sheet, and under room temperature after natural air drying, the vacuum tank being placed in 150 DEG C sinters 2 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, namely obtains V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode.
Employing three-electrode system is tested, V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode is work electrode, and Ag/AgCl is as reference electrode, and Pt sheet, as to electrode, carries out cyclic voltammetric and constant current charge-discharge test.
As the V that Fig. 5 is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode carries out repeatedly the capacity attenuation curve of charge and discharge cycles under the current density of 550mA/g.As can be seen from the figure, V 2o 5nH 2the initial discharge specific capacity of O membrane electrode can reach 232.83mAh/g.Within front 40 cycles, the attenuation curve change of discharge capacity is very steady, and with in 71 ~ 104 weeks in 40 ~ 70 weeks, all there is the fluctuation that part is small in curve, but its discharge capacity is stabilized between 213.89 ~ 229.17mAh/g and 198.61 ~ 213.89mAh/g respectively.V 2o 5nH 2the discharge capacity attenuation rate of the average each cycle of O membrane electrode is only 0.14%.In whole charge and discharge process, its irreversible capacity all remains on lower level, is about 15mAh/g.In a word, the V prepared by the present invention 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode, under high current density condition, also has higher specific discharge capacity and the cyclical stability of excellence.
As the V that Fig. 6 is prepared 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetry curve of O membrane electrode before and after constant current charge-discharge.Wherein, solid line represents electrode under the current density of 550mA/g, the cyclic voltammetry curve after the charge and discharge cycles in 104 cycles.From figure, V 2o 5nH 2the cyclic voltammetry curve of O membrane electrode exists two to the obvious redox peak of separation, and peak area is larger.But after charge and discharge cycles, first oxidation peak on volt-ampere curve dies down, and second oxidation peak moves slightly to negative potential; And two reduction peak reduce except current value, do not observe other change.In a word, the change of two cyclic voltammetry curves is not remarkable, and this is consistent with the result that constant current charge-discharge is tested, and shows V prepared by the present invention 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode has excellent stable circulation performance.

Claims (1)

1. lithium ion battery V involved in the present invention 2o 5nH 2o thin-film electrode material is prepared by the following method: (1) prepares V 2o 5colloidal sol: get the hydrogen peroxide (H of appropriate 30% 2o 2) solution is placed in small beaker, then takes a certain amount of vanadic oxide (V 2o 5) powder puts into beaker, at room temperature slowly stir and make V 2o 5powder dissolves completely, and then add appropriate amount of deionized water and continue to be stirred to the stable rufous colloidal sol of formation, constant volume, obtaining concentration is 0.008mol/dm 3v 2o 5colloidal sol; (2) preliminary treatment ITO substrate: pending ITO electro-conductive glass sheet is carried out supersound washing 15-30 minute with a small amount of ethanol, deionized water successively, and natural air drying is stand-by; (3) V is prepared 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode: measure 25 μ LV with pipettor 2o 5colloidal sol, spreads on the conducting surface of pretreated ITO electro-conductive glass sheet, and under room temperature after natural air drying, the vacuum tank being placed in 150 DEG C sinters 2 hours, naturally cools to room temperature, namely obtains V 2o 5nH 2o membrane electrode.
CN201510413106.9A 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 High-capacity V2O5.nH2O thin-film electrode material for lithium ion battery Pending CN105070881A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106830078A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-13 嘉兴学院 A kind of vanadic anhydride micron order film and preparation method thereof
CN107634214A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-26 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 A kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, film prepared therefrom and the application in lithium ion battery
CN112993217A (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-18 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Preparation method of organic-inorganic hybrid material based on vanadium pentoxide and application of organic-inorganic hybrid material in zinc ion battery

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US20040071866A1 (en) * 2002-10-09 2004-04-15 Park Yong Joon Method for manufacturing cathode electrode for secondary lithium battery using vanadium oxide
CN103078082A (en) * 2012-12-20 2013-05-01 重庆大学 High-volume V2O5 film anode material for lithium ion battery

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106830078A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-13 嘉兴学院 A kind of vanadic anhydride micron order film and preparation method thereof
CN107634214A (en) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-26 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 A kind of method for preparing vanadium pentoxide sol, film prepared therefrom and the application in lithium ion battery
CN112993217A (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-18 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Preparation method of organic-inorganic hybrid material based on vanadium pentoxide and application of organic-inorganic hybrid material in zinc ion battery

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Application publication date: 20151118