CN113149112A - Method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation - Google Patents
Method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
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- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination and centralized heating, and particularly relates to a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation. The method realizes the simultaneous production of water and heat in a vertical multi-stage flash evaporation device consisting of a vertical condenser and a vertical flash evaporator of 1-P stage; the invention designs a vertical structure, and the flash evaporator and the condenser are independently separated. The pressure in the flash vessel rises with increasing altitude and the pressure in the condenser falls with increasing altitude. The fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, and the repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled firstly and then heated does not exist. Can match with the optimal flash evaporation process of the hydrothermal coproduction in thermodynamics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination and centralized heating, and particularly relates to a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation.
Background
Water shortages are increasingly becoming a global environmental and economic problem. China is one of the countries with the least water resources in the world, and needs to promote the efficient utilization of water resources from the aspects of open source and throttling. Since the second half of the 20 th century, seawater desalination has gradually received world attention, compared with two other fresh water taking methods: underground water taking and remote water transfer are realized, the source of raw water for seawater desalination is wide, the energy consumption is low, and the method is the most economic fresh water taking mode accepted by all countries in the world.
The traditional seawater desalination technology comprises multi-effect distillation in a thermal method, multi-stage flash evaporation and reverse osmosis in a membrane method to prepare fresh water. Wherein, the hot method seawater desalination energy utilization rate is low, and the membrane method reverse osmosis fresh water quality is not high. In fact, the hot method seawater desalination and the northern town central heating system can be combined, a hydrothermal coproduction mode is realized by preparing high-temperature fresh water, the requirements of seawater desalination and central heating are met, the energy utilization rate of the hot method seawater desalination can be improved, and the clean development of high heat efficiency of the seawater desalination and the central heating is promoted.
In order to realize the hydrothermal coproduction of seawater desalination, a plurality of processes including multi-effect distillation, multi-stage flash evaporation, reverse osmosis reheating and the like are proposed in published patents (patents: CN112062189A, CN212269517U, CN112010379A, CN212269518U, CN112010381A, CN112062188A, CN112062374A, CN112010380A, CN112062195A, CN112047432A and CN 112062187A). Among them, patent CN212269518U and CN112010381A adopt a multi-stage flash evaporation mode to achieve the purpose. The flash evaporator condenser in the process adopts a horizontal structure of the traditional seawater desalination, and the flash evaporator and the condenser are in the same cavity. The process needs to realize the circulation of the internal solution through a plurality of circulating pumps, and has higher operation cost.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation, which designs a vertical structure and independently separates a flash evaporator and a condenser. The pressure in the flash vessel rises with increasing altitude and the pressure in the condenser falls with increasing altitude. The fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, and the repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled firstly and then heated does not exist. The method can match with the optimal flash evaporation process of hydrothermal coproduction in thermodynamics. Simultaneously, this application can effectively reduce the use of the inside circulating pump of system, and furthest utilizes gravity to realize the liquid inner loop, and this is the effect that existing patent can't realize. The method and the device are beneficial to realizing the optimal performance of the hydrothermal cogeneration system and reducing the running cost of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation; the method is characterized in that: the method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation comprises the following steps: the system comprises a vertical condenser 1 and a vertical flash evaporator 2 which are respectively 1-P grade, a seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3, a seawater peak heater 4, a seawater inlet pipeline 5, a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and a fresh water outlet pipeline 7; the device also comprises a fresh water peak heater 8, a reflux seawater pipeline 9, a reflux seawater flow regulating valve 10, an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11, a port 12 for heat exchange of an external heat source arranged in the vertical flash evaporator and the vertical condenser and a fresh water bypass pipeline 13; wherein the vertical condenser 1 and the vertical flash evaporator 2 are connected through inlet and outlet pipelines of a seawater inlet pipeline 5, a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and a fresh water outlet pipeline 7 to form six different method flows for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation; p in the 1-P-stage vertical condenser 1 and the vertical flash evaporator 2 is more than or equal to 2; the pressure in the condenser and the flash evaporator at each stage is reduced along with the stage number;
the vertical condenser 1 is an independent vertical P-stage tank body and comprises a P stage, a P-1 stage, an … M +1 stage, an M stage, …, a 2 nd stage and a 1 st stage from high to low in sequence; the vertical condenser 1 is provided with a seawater inlet 101, a seawater outlet 102, a fresh water inlet 103, a water vapor inlet 104 and a fresh water outlet 105; the seawater inlet 101 of the M-stage vertical condenser is communicated with the seawater outlet 102 of the M + 1-stage vertical condenser, so that the seawater is preheated step by step; the fresh water inlet 103 of the M-th level vertical condenser is communicated with the fresh water outlet 105 of the M + 1-th level vertical condenser, so that the fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, and a repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled and then heated does not exist; wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1.
The vertical flash evaporator 2 is also an independent vertical P-stage tank body; comprises a 1 st level, a 2 nd level, an … Mth level, an M +1 st level, a … th level, a P-1 st level and a P level from high to low in sequence; the medium in the P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2 is seawater and comprises a seawater inlet 201, a seawater outlet 202 and a flash evaporation steam outlet 203; the seawater outlet 202 of the M-stage vertical flash evaporator is communicated with the seawater inlet 201 of the M + 1-stage vertical flash evaporator to realize the gradual flash evaporation of seawater; wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1.
The seawater spike heater 4 is provided with a heat source inlet 401, a heat source outlet 402, a seawater inlet 403 and a seawater outlet 404; the heating heat source is selected according to the actual situation, and the heated medium is seawater; the seawater inlet 403 of the seawater peak heater 4 is communicated with the seawater outlet 102 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser 1; the seawater outlet 404 of the seawater peak heater 4 is communicated with the seawater inlet 201 of the 1 st-stage vertical flash evaporator 2, and a seawater flow regulating valve 501 is arranged in the middle.
In the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3, seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline 5 exchanges heat with seawater in the seawater outlet pipeline 6 to realize heat recovery of the seawater; the seawater inlet pipeline 5 is communicated with a seawater inlet 101 of the P-th stage vertical condenser, and the seawater outlet pipeline 6 is communicated with a seawater outlet 202 of the P-th stage of the vertical flash evaporator. The fresh water outlet pipeline 7 is communicated with a fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser.
And a variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater inlet pipeline 5 to adjust the flow of inlet seawater. A two-stage water pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline 6 and comprises a first-stage shield pump and a second-stage variable frequency pump; after flowing out from the P-level seawater outlet 202 of the vertical flash evaporator, the seawater firstly passes through the shield pump and then passes through the variable frequency pump. A two-stage water pump is also arranged on the fresh water outlet pipeline 7 and comprises a first-stage shield pump and a second-stage variable frequency pump; after flowing out from the fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser, the seawater firstly passes through the shield pump and then passes through the variable frequency pump.
The fresh water spike heater 8 is provided with a heat source inlet 801, a heat source outlet 802, a fresh water inlet 803 and a fresh water outlet 804; at this time, the fresh water inlet 803 of the fresh water spike heater 8 is communicated with the fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser 1, and the fresh water outlet 804 of the fresh water spike heater 8 is communicated with the fresh water outlet pipeline 7, so that the function of further heating the prepared fresh water is realized.
The P-stage seawater outlet 202 of the vertical flash evaporator 2 is connected with an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11 and is divided into a return seawater pipeline 9 and a seawater outlet pipeline 6; a backflow seawater flow regulating valve 10 is arranged on the backflow seawater pipeline 9 to regulate the flow distribution proportion of the backflow seawater pipeline 9 and the seawater outlet pipeline 6; the other side of the backflow seawater pipeline 9 is converged with the seawater inlet pipeline 5 to form an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11 which is connected with a seawater inlet 101 of the P-stage vertical condenser 1. At this time, the setting mode of the two-stage water pump on the seawater outlet pipeline 6 is changed into: the first stage canned motor pump is arranged on the internal circulation seawater pipeline 11, and the second stage variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline 6.
two sets of seawater heat recovery heat exchangers 3 can be arranged. At the moment, the seawater in the seawater outlet pipeline 6 and the seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline 5 realize heat recovery through one set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3; the seawater inlet pipeline 5 is internally provided with another set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3 for exchanging heat between the seawater and a proper heat source.
A fresh water bypass pipeline 13 is arranged on the fresh water outlet pipeline 7 and the 1 st stage of the vertical flash evaporator 2, and a valve 1301 is arranged on the fresh water bypass pipeline 13, so that the quality of the prepared fresh water can be controlled.
The heat source forms of the seawater peak heater 4, the fresh water peak heater 8 and the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3 comprise steam extraction of a steam turbine in a cogeneration system, steam of a back pressure machine, low-grade dead steam or high-temperature circulating water.
The invention has the advantages of realizing the hydrothermal coproduction of the seawater desalination and the centralized heat supply, matching the optimal flash evaporation process of the hydrothermal coproduction in thermodynamics and reducing the use of a circulating pump in the system. The vertical structure provided by the invention can realize the flow of seawater and fresh water in the system by utilizing gravity to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the operation cost of the system.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1. the vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method realizes the direct preparation of high-temperature hot fresh water, effectively realizes the combination of a seawater desalination system and a centralized heating system, can solve the problem of water resource shortage through seawater desalination, and can realize the requirement of heating in winter through the high-temperature fresh water;
2. the process realizes that the fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, does not have the repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled and then heated, and can be matched with the optimal seawater-heat cogeneration method seawater desalination process from the thermodynamic perspective;
3. the vertical structure can utilize gravity to the maximum extent to realize the flow of seawater and fresh water in the system, and reduce the use of a circulating pump in the system, thereby reducing the operation cost of the system and effectively reducing the occupied area of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first method for realizing hydrothermal co-production by p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using a second p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using a third p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a fourth method for realizing hydrothermal co-production by p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using a fifth p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a sixth method for realizing hydrothermal co-production by p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation;
1: a vertical condenser; 2: a vertical flash evaporator; 3: a seawater heat recovery heat exchanger; 4: a seawater peak heater; 5: a seawater inlet pipeline; 6: a seawater outlet pipeline; 7: a fresh water outlet pipeline; 8: a fresh water spike heater; 9: a return seawater pipeline; 10: a reflux seawater flow regulating valve; 11: an internal circulation seawater pipeline; 12: a port for realizing heat exchange with an external heat source; 13: fresh water bypass pipeline.
101: a seawater inlet of the vertical condenser; 102: a seawater outlet of the vertical condenser; 103: a fresh water inlet of the vertical condenser; 104: a water vapor inlet of the vertical condenser; 105: a fresh water outlet of the vertical condenser; 201: a seawater inlet of the vertical flash evaporator; 202: a seawater outlet of the vertical flash evaporator; 203: a steam outlet of the vertical flash evaporator; 401: a heat source inlet of the seawater peak heater; 402: a heat source outlet of the seawater peak heater; 403: a seawater inlet of the seawater peak heater; 404: a seawater outlet of the seawater peak heater; 801: a heat source inlet of the fresh water spike heater; 802: a heat source outlet of the fresh water spike heater; 803: a fresh water inlet of the fresh water spike heater; 804: a fresh water outlet of the fresh water spike heater; 1301: a valve of a fresh water bypass pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation; the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first p-stage vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method for realizing hydrothermal co-production; the method comprises a P-stage vertical condenser 1, a P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2, a seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3, a seawater peak heater 4, a seawater inlet pipeline 5, a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and a fresh water outlet pipeline 7; the system also comprises a fresh water peak heater 8, a reflux seawater pipeline 9, a reflux seawater flow regulating valve 10, an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11, a port 12 for heat exchange of an external heat source arranged inside the P-stage vertical flash evaporator and the P-stage vertical condenser and a fresh water bypass pipeline 13; wherein the P-stage vertical condenser 1 and the P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2 are connected through inlet and outlet pipelines of a seawater inlet pipeline 5, a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and a fresh water outlet pipeline 7 to form six different method flows for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multi-stage flash evaporation; the P-stage vertical condenser 1 is an independent vertical multi-stage tank body; the P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2 is also an independent vertical multi-stage tank body; p is more than or equal to 2; the pressure inside the condenser and the flash evaporator at each stage is reduced along with the stage number.
Specifically, the seawater inlet 101 of the mth stage vertical condenser is communicated with the seawater outlet 102 of the M +1 th stage vertical condenser. The fresh water inlet 103 of the M-th stage vertical condenser is communicated with the fresh water outlet 105 of the M + 1-th stage vertical condenser. The seawater outlet 202 of the M-stage vertical flash evaporator is communicated with the seawater inlet 201 of the M + 1-stage vertical flash evaporator. Wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1. The vapor outlet 203 of the M-stage vertical flash evaporator is connected with the vapor inlet 104 of the M-stage vertical condenser through a certain method. Wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P.
The seawater inlet 403 of the seawater spike heater 4 is communicated with the seawater outlet 102 of the 1 st stage vertical condenser 1. The seawater outlet 404 of the seawater spike heater 4 is communicated with the seawater inlet 201 of the 1 st-stage vertical flash evaporator 2. In the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3, seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline 5 exchanges heat with seawater in the seawater outlet pipeline 6. The seawater inlet pipeline 5 is communicated with a seawater inlet 101 of the P-th stage vertical condenser, and the seawater outlet pipeline 6 is communicated with a seawater outlet 202 of the P-th stage vertical flash evaporator. The fresh water outlet pipeline 7 is communicated with a fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser.
In addition, a variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater inlet pipeline 5 to adjust the flow of inlet seawater. And a two-stage water pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline 6 and comprises a first-stage shield pump and a second-stage variable frequency pump. After flowing out from the P-level seawater outlet 202 of the vertical flash evaporator, the seawater firstly passes through the shield pump and then passes through the variable frequency pump. And a two-stage water pump is also arranged on the fresh water outlet pipeline 7 and comprises a first-stage shield pump and a second-stage variable frequency pump. After flowing out from the fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser, the seawater firstly passes through the shield pump and then passes through the variable frequency pump.
From the view of internal fluid, seawater firstly flows into the P-stage vertical condenser 1 after being subjected to a heat recovery process with effluent seawater in the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3 through the seawater inlet pipeline 5, and then flows to the 1 st-stage vertical condenser 2 step by step and then flows out, and the seawater is heated to a high temperature by steam in the vertical condensers 2. And then, the seawater enters a seawater peak heater 4, is further heated to the highest temperature by an external heat source, enters a 1 st-stage vertical flash evaporator 2, flows step by step, is subjected to pressure reduction flash evaporation, finally enters a P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2, flows into a seawater outlet pipeline 6 after the flash evaporation process is finished, and is discharged out of the system after being subjected to heat exchange with inlet seawater through a seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3. Wherein, the seawater flows from high to low in the flash evaporator, and the specific flowing process is realized completely by the action of gravity.
After the seawater passes through each stage of vertical flash evaporator 2 to complete the flash evaporation process, the flashed steam enters the vertical condenser 1 with the same number in a certain mode to complete the preheating of the seawater and the heating process of the low-temperature fresh water. Accordingly, the fresh water flows from the P-th stage vertical condenser 1 to the 1 st stage vertical condenser 1 step by step, and then flows into the fresh water outlet pipeline 7. The fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, so that the repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled and heated firstly does not exist. In addition, fresh water flows from high to low in the condenser, and the specific flow process is realized completely through the action of gravity, so that the use of a pump is reduced to the maximum extent.
The heat source forms of the seawater spike heater 4, the fresh water spike heater 8 and the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3 can include steam extraction of a steam turbine in a cogeneration system, steam of a back pressure machine, low-grade exhaust steam, high-temperature circulating water and the like, and are selected and designed according to actual requirements.
Therefore, the invention realizes the direct preparation of high-temperature hot fresh water by a vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method as shown in figure 1. The basic flow shown in fig. 1 realizes that the fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the flow, a repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled and then heated does not exist, and the optimal hydrothermal cogeneration method seawater desalination flow from the thermodynamic perspective can be matched. In addition, the vertical structure provided by the invention can utilize gravity to the maximum extent to realize the flow of seawater and fresh water in the system, and reduce the use of a circulating pump in the system, thereby reducing the operation cost of the system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction. On the basis of the basic process flow shown in fig. 1, the process flow shown in fig. 2 is provided with a fresh water spike heater 8 on the fresh water outlet pipeline 7. The fresh water inlet 803 of the fresh water spike heater 8 is communicated with the fresh water outlet 105 of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser 1, and the fresh water outlet 804 of the fresh water spike heater 8 is communicated with the fresh water outlet pipeline 7. The fresh water flows out from the 1 st-stage vertical condenser 1, is heated by the fresh water peak heater 8 and an external heat source, and then flows out of the whole system, so that the peak heating function of the prepared fresh water is realized.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a third vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction. The flow scheme shown in fig. 3 changes the through-flow of seawater into a circular flow scheme based on the basic flow scheme shown in fig. 1. Specifically, a backflow seawater pipeline 9, a backflow seawater flow regulating valve 10 and an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11 are added. The internal circulation seawater pipeline 11 connected from the seawater outlet 202 of the P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2 is divided into a return seawater pipeline 9 and a seawater outlet pipeline 6. The return seawater pipeline 9 is provided with a return seawater flow regulating valve 10 to regulate the flow distribution proportion of the return seawater pipeline 9 and the seawater outlet pipeline 6. The other side of the backflow seawater pipeline 9 and the seawater inlet pipeline 5 are converged into an internal circulation seawater pipeline 11 which is connected with a seawater inlet 101 of the P-stage vertical condenser 1. The seawater flows out from the P-stage vertical flash evaporator 2, enters an internal circulation seawater pipeline, and then flows into a backflow seawater pipeline 9 according to the designed proportion, and is mixed with the seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline 5, so that the internal circulation of the seawater in the system is realized. The other part of seawater flows into a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and is discharged out of the system. At this time, the setting mode of the two-stage water pump on the seawater outlet pipeline 6 is changed into: the first stage canned motor pump is arranged on the internal circulation seawater pipeline 11, and the second stage variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline 6. The seawater flows from the negative pressure cavity to the positive pressure pipeline through the shielding pump, and the actual flow of the discharged seawater is adjusted through the variable frequency pump.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a fourth vertical multi-stage flash evaporation method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction. The flow scheme of fig. 4 is based on the basic flow scheme of fig. 1, with the addition of several ports 12 for heat exchange with an external heat source. The ports 12 for realizing heat exchange with an external heat source are arranged in the P-stage vertical flash evaporator and the P-product vertical condenser, the number M of the ports meets the requirement that M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2P, and the ports can be arranged randomly according to actual requirements. When a plurality of external heat source working conditions with different grades exist, such as high-temperature steam extraction by a steam turbine, high-temperature water, low-temperature exhaust steam and the like, the external heat source working conditions can be arbitrarily connected into a proper port according to a certain mode, and the co-production process of seawater desalination and hydrothermal production by a multi-grade heat source is realized.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a fifth vertical multistage flash evaporation method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction. On the basis of the basic flow shown in fig. 1, the flow shown in fig. 5 is provided with two sets of seawater heat recovery heat exchangers 3, and seawater in a seawater outlet pipeline 6 and seawater in a seawater inlet pipeline 5 realize heat recovery through one set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3. On the basis, the seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline 5 can exchange heat with a proper low-grade heat source through another set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger 3. Therefore, after the seawater enters the system, the low-grade heat source and the waste heat of the discharged seawater are simultaneously recovered, and the overall heat efficiency of the system is improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing the realization of hydrothermal coproduction by a sixth vertical multistage flash evaporation method of the invention. On the basis of the basic flow path shown in fig. 1, the flow path shown in fig. 6 is designed with a fresh water bypass line 13 and a flow regulating valve 1301 thereof. The fresh water bypass pipeline 13 is used for connecting the fresh water outlet pipeline 7 with the 1 st-stage vertical flash evaporator 2. In this case, the quality of the produced fresh water can be controlled by the valve 1301, and the system can be output under the condition of the fresh water load requirement.
In summary, the present application designs a vertical structure, and the flash evaporator and the condenser are separated from each other. The pressure in the flash vessel rises with increasing altitude and the pressure in the condenser falls with increasing altitude. The fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, and the repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled firstly and then heated does not exist. The method can match with the optimal flash evaporation process of hydrothermal coproduction in thermodynamics. Simultaneously, sea water and fresh water all flow to low from the eminence in this application, and specific flow process all realizes through the action of gravity completely to the use of the inside circulating pump of system has been reduced to the at utmost. Therefore, the method and the device are beneficial to realizing the optimal performance of the hydrothermal co-production system, and simultaneously effectively reduce the running cost of the system.
Claims (8)
1. A method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation; the method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a vertical condenser (1) and a vertical flash evaporator (2) which are respectively 1-P grade, a seawater heat recovery heat exchanger (3), a seawater peak heater (4), a seawater inlet pipeline (5), a seawater outlet pipeline (6) and a fresh water outlet pipeline (7); the device also comprises a fresh water spike heater (8), a backflow seawater pipeline (9), a backflow seawater flow regulating valve (10), an internal circulation seawater pipeline (11), a port (12) for heat exchange of an external heat source arranged in the vertical flash evaporator and the vertical condenser and a fresh water bypass pipeline (13); wherein the vertical condenser (1) is connected with the vertical flash evaporator (2) through the inlet and outlet pipelines of the seawater inlet pipeline (5), the seawater outlet pipeline (6) and the fresh water outlet pipeline (7) to form six different method flows for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by vertical multistage flash evaporation; p in the 1-P-stage vertical condenser (1) and the vertical flash evaporator (2) is more than or equal to 2; the pressure in the condenser and the flash evaporator at each stage is reduced along with the stage number;
the vertical condenser (1) is an independent vertical P-stage tank body and comprises a P stage, a P-1 stage, an … (M + 1) th stage, an M stage, …, a 2 nd stage and a 1 st stage from high to low in sequence; the vertical condenser (1) is provided with a seawater inlet (101), a seawater outlet (102), a fresh water inlet (103), a water vapor inlet (104) and a fresh water outlet (105); wherein, a seawater inlet (101) of the M-stage vertical condenser is communicated with a seawater outlet (102) of the M + 1-stage vertical condenser, so that the seawater is preheated step by step; a fresh water inlet (103) of the M-th level vertical condenser is communicated with a fresh water outlet (105) of the M + 1-th level vertical condenser, so that the fresh water is directly heated into hot fresh water in the process, and a repeated heat exchange process that the fresh water is cooled and then heated does not exist; wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1;
the vertical flash evaporator (2) is also an independent vertical P-level tank body; comprises a 1 st level, a 2 nd level, an … Mth level, an M +1 st level, a … th level, a P-1 st level and a P level from high to low in sequence; the medium in the P-stage vertical flash evaporator (2) is seawater and comprises a seawater inlet (201), a seawater outlet (202) and a flash evaporation steam outlet (203); a seawater outlet (202) of the M-stage vertical flash evaporator is communicated with a seawater inlet (201) of the M + 1-stage vertical flash evaporator to realize progressive flash evaporation of seawater; wherein M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to P-1;
the seawater spike heater (4) is provided with a heat source inlet (401), a heat source outlet (402), a seawater inlet (403) and a seawater outlet (404); the heating heat source is selected according to the actual situation, and the heated medium is seawater; a seawater inlet (403) of the seawater peak heater (4) is communicated with a seawater outlet (102) of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser (1); a seawater outlet (404) of the seawater peak heater (4) is communicated with a seawater inlet (201) of the 1 st-stage vertical flash evaporator (2), and a seawater flow regulating valve (501) is arranged in the middle;
in the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger (3), seawater in a seawater inlet pipeline (5) exchanges heat with seawater in a seawater outlet pipeline (6) to realize heat recovery of the seawater; the seawater inlet pipeline (5) is communicated with a seawater inlet (101) of the P-th-stage vertical condenser, and the seawater outlet pipeline (6) is communicated with a seawater outlet (202) of the P-th-stage vertical flash evaporator. The fresh water outlet pipeline (7) is communicated with a fresh water outlet (105) of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser.
2. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the seawater desalination device is characterized in that a variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater inlet pipeline (5) to adjust the flow of inlet seawater; a two-stage water pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline (6) and comprises a first-stage shield pump and a second-stage variable frequency pump; after flowing out from a P-level seawater outlet (202) of the vertical flash evaporator, the seawater firstly passes through a first-level shield pump and then passes through a second-level variable frequency pump, a two-level water pump is also arranged on the fresh water outlet pipeline (7) and comprises the first-level shield pump and the second-level variable frequency pump, and after flowing out from a fresh water outlet (105) of the 1-level vertical condenser, the seawater firstly passes through the shield pump and then passes through the variable frequency pump.
3. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the fresh water spike heater (8) is characterized by being provided with a heat source inlet (801), a heat source outlet (802), a fresh water inlet (803) and a fresh water outlet (804); at the moment, a fresh water inlet (803) of the fresh water spike heater (8) is communicated with a fresh water outlet (105) of the 1 st-stage vertical condenser (1), and a fresh water outlet (804) of the fresh water spike heater (8) is communicated with a fresh water outlet pipeline (7), so that the function of further heating the prepared fresh water is realized.
4. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the device is characterized in that a P-level seawater outlet (202) of the vertical flash evaporator (2) is connected with an internal circulation seawater pipeline (11) and is divided into two branches, namely a return seawater pipeline (9) and a seawater outlet pipeline (6); a backflow seawater flow regulating valve (10) is arranged on the backflow seawater pipeline (9) to regulate the flow distribution proportion of the backflow seawater pipeline (9) and the seawater outlet pipeline (6); the other side of the backflow seawater pipeline (9) is converged with a seawater inlet pipeline (5) to form an internal circulation seawater pipeline (11) which is connected with a seawater inlet (101) of the P-stage vertical condenser (1); at this time, the setting mode of the two-stage water pump on the seawater outlet pipeline (6) is changed into: the first stage canned motor pump is arranged on the internal circulation seawater pipeline (11), and the second stage variable frequency pump is arranged on the seawater outlet pipeline (6).
5. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the heat exchanger is characterized in that N ports (12) for heat exchange of an external heat source are arranged in the P-stage vertical flash evaporator (2) and the P-stage vertical condenser (1), the number N of the ports meets the condition that N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2P, and the ports can be randomly arranged according to actual requirements; under the working conditions of a plurality of external heat sources with different grades, a proper port (12) for heat exchange of the external heat source can be connected at will according to a certain mode, and the co-production process of seawater desalination and hydrothermal treatment by using multiple grade heat sources is realized.
6. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the seawater heat recovery system is characterized in that two sets of seawater heat recovery heat exchangers (3) can be arranged; at the moment, the seawater in the seawater outlet pipeline (6) and the seawater in the seawater inlet pipeline (5) realize heat recovery through one set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger (3); the seawater inlet pipeline (5) carries out heat exchange between the seawater and a proper heat source through another set of seawater heat recovery heat exchanger (3).
7. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the device is characterized in that a fresh water bypass pipeline (13) is arranged on the fresh water outlet pipeline (7) and the 1 st stage of the vertical flash evaporator (2), and a valve (1301) is arranged on the fresh water bypass pipeline (13), so that the quality of the prepared fresh water can be controlled.
8. The method for realizing hydrothermal coproduction by using the vertical multistage flash evaporation as claimed in claim 1; the method is characterized in that the heat source forms of the seawater spike heater (4), the fresh water spike heater (8) and the seawater heat recovery heat exchanger (3) comprise steam extraction of a steam turbine in a cogeneration system, back pressure machine steam, low-grade exhaust steam or high-temperature circulating water.
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