CN113147117A - 一种多层隔热保温罩及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多层隔热保温罩及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113147117A
CN113147117A CN202110504787.5A CN202110504787A CN113147117A CN 113147117 A CN113147117 A CN 113147117A CN 202110504787 A CN202110504787 A CN 202110504787A CN 113147117 A CN113147117 A CN 113147117A
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layer
heat
parts
oxide
heat insulation
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王洪生
杨丽娜
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Suzhou Puke Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于隔热罩技术领域，具体涉及一种多层隔热保温罩及其制备方法。该隔热保温罩包括内层隔热保温层和外层不锈钢层，所述隔热保温层由三层材料组成，从内到外依次为高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层；所述隔热保温层三层材料之间采用无机高温胶粘合连接，并且所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶与排气歧管粘合连接。本发明提供的多层隔热保温罩具有以下优点：最内层采用高硅氧纤维毡，耐温更高，可达到900度，适用的范围更广；粘接处采用无机高温胶，在高温下还有粘接效果，保证内层隔热保温层的完整性；最外层不锈钢层采用波点板的工艺，更加有利于隔热保温的效果。

Description

一种多层隔热保温罩及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于隔热罩技术领域，具体涉及一种多层隔热保温罩及其制备方法。
背景技术
排气***中的废气常常携带着大量的热量，为了保护排气***附近的不耐高温器件，通常会在排气管上设置隔热保温罩。目前，传统的隔热保温罩通常采金属挡板隔热形式或多层布结构，金属挡板占用空间较大，需要焊接，安装布置困难，隔热效果差；多层布结构表面容易划伤，强度不够，厚薄不均，易脱落。
为解决这一问题，申请人在前期经过研究，开发出一种三层隔热保温罩，采用三层结构并以独特的连接方式代替焊接，简化了制作工艺，使结构更加简单灵活。该研究成果公布在实用新型专利CN209743024U中。该三层隔热保温罩，由内向外依次为玻纤布、玻璃纤维棉、铝箔布，所述玻纤布的厚度范围是0.1mm-1mm，所述玻璃纤维棉的厚度范围是2mm-20mm，所述铝箔布的厚度范围是0.1mm-1mm，所述三层隔热保温罩通过卡扣、抱箍、钢丝或按扣中的一种方式与排气***固定连接。该隔热保温罩三层隔热保温罩采用厚度范围是0.1mm-1mm的玻纤布与厚度范围是2mm-20mm的玻璃纤维棉制作，保证了隔热保温效果，最外层使用较厚的铝箔布，外观精美，不易划伤；2)利用卡扣、抱箍或按扣将隔热罩与待隔热保温物体固定，省去了焊接步骤，既保证了隔热罩的稳定性，也节约了工艺步骤；3)螺旋状排列的按扣会产生扭力，进一步地增加了隔热保温罩的稳定性，使其与待隔热保温物体的附着力更大。但在生产实践中发现，排气歧管在发动机工作时会产生高温，最高温度可达650-750℃，同时发动机工作时，排气歧管会产生震动，如果内层三层隔热保温层没有固定，会由于震动导致隔热保温层往下坠落，堆积在最下面，从而失去隔热保温的效果。
为解决这一问题，研发人员设计了采用紧固装置固定、常规胶粘剂粘合等方法。但这些方法或者不美观、无法满足客户要求，或者牢固性差、使用寿命短等问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，本发明的发明目的之一在于提供一种多层隔热保温罩，通过对该多层隔热保温罩的材料及配比进行调整，以使该隔热保温罩可直接与待隔热保温固体有较好的固定，同时最内层使用高硅氧纤维毡，可以耐高温。本发明提供的隔热保温罩具有既美观又稳定性好的优异性能。
本发明的另一个发明目的在于提供所述多层隔热保温罩的制备方法。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明公开了一种多层隔热保温罩，其包括内层隔热保温层和外层不锈钢层，所述隔热保温层由三层材料组成，从内到外依次为高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层；所述隔热保温层三层材料之间采用无机高温胶粘合连接，并且所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶与排气歧管粘合连接。
优选地，所述高硅氧纤维毡层主要含有如各下各组分：二氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙，其中二氧化硅的含量大于等于96％。
进一步优选地，所述高硅氧纤维毡层主要含有如下各组分：二氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙的含量分别为96-98％，0.2-0.8％，0.5-1.1％，余量杂质。
优选地，所述高硅氧纤维毡层的厚度为2-3mm。
优选地，所述高硅氧纤维毡层的导热系数为0.027W/(m*k)-0.032W/(m*k)。
优选地，所述高硅氧纤维毡层的制备方法如下：以叶腊石、石英砂、石灰石、白云石、硼钙石、硼镁石六种矿石配比为1:1:1:1:1:1为原料，然后将配合料投入窑炉，在1300～1500℃的温度下进行熔制，酸洗，提纯制得高硅氧玻璃球，将制得的高硅氧玻璃球加入拉丝炉中进行融化，高速拉丝制成高硅氧玻璃纤维原丝，将原丝进行针刺加工成高硅氧纤维毡。通过提纯调节二氧化硅的比例，来控制高硅氧纤维毡的最高耐温，当二氧化硅含量低于90％时，耐温低于800℃，当二氧化硅含量在90-96％之间时，耐温在800-900℃，当二氧化硅含量大于96％时，耐温在900-1000℃。
本发明提供的所述高硅氧纤维毡的耐温在900-1000℃。
优选地，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中主要包括如下各组分：二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化硼、氧化钠、氧化钾、二氧化钛和三氧化二铁。
进一步优选地，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中二氧化硅的含量为52％-56％。
进一步优选地，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中各组分的含量为二氧化硅52％-56％、氧化铝12-16％、氧化钙16-25％、氧化镁0-6％、氧化硼8-13％、氧化钠氧化钾0-0.8％、二氧化钛0-0.4％、三氧化二铁0.05-0.4％。
所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡的制备方法为：以叶腊石、石英砂、石灰石、白云石、硼钙石、硼镁石六种矿石配比为1:1:1:1:1:1为原料，然后将配合料投入窑炉，在1300～1500℃的温度下进行熔制，酸洗，提纯制得玻璃纤维球，将制得的玻璃球投入拉丝炉中进行融化，高速拉丝制成玻璃纤维丝，用刺针对梳理后的短切玻纤进行针刺，用机械方法使毡层玻纤之间、毡层玻纤与增强玻纤基布之间纤维相互缠结，纤网得以加固而制成的毡状。无碱玻纤针刺毡中二氧化硅含量控制在52％-56％。
进一步优选地，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层导热系数在0.030W/(m*k)-0.034W/(m*k)。
进一步优选地，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层厚度为6-12mm。
优选地，所述铝箔布层厚度为0.22-0.45mm。
优选地，所述外层不锈钢层的材料为304不锈钢波点板，厚度为0.15-0.2mm。在不锈钢平板上压出波点，波点的作用是可以存储空气，而空气的导热系数是极低的，只有0.023W/(m*k)，所以在隔热保温层中混有少部分的空气，也是可以起到隔热保温的作用。
不锈钢层由前排气歧管隔热保温罩和后排气歧管隔热保温罩组成，前排气歧管隔热保温罩和后排气歧管隔热罩均由两部分组成，前排和后排的两部分相互搭接焊接连接。
优选地，所述无机高温胶包括如下重量份的各组分：水玻璃30-50份，甘油6-8份，胶料62-68份；缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂10-12份，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶8-11份，去离子水100-120份，硅酸铝陶瓷纤维10-15份。
优选地，所述无机高温胶的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1将配方量的水玻璃、胶料、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶加入至去离子水中，充分充分搅拌混合，并滴入甘油，制成混合液A；
S2向混合液A中加入硅酸铝陶瓷纤维，以500-800r/min的速度搅拌至均匀。
本发明提供的无机高温胶的耐温在600-700℃。
本发明还提供了一种所述多层隔热保温罩的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤1.按照被包裹物的尺寸，分别裁剪得到相对应大小的高硅氧纤维毡、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡和铝箔布；
步骤2.利用无机高温胶将高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层依次粘合连接，并将所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶包裹在排气歧管上；其中，所述高硅氧纤维毡位于内侧；
步骤3.将不锈钢层焊接于被包裹物。
有益效果
与现有产品相比，本发明提供的多层隔热保温罩具有以下优点：
(1)最内层采用高硅氧纤维毡，耐温更高，可达到900度，适用的范围更广；
(2)粘接处采用无机高温胶，在高温下仍具有粘接效果，保证内层隔热保温层的完整性；
(3)最外层不锈钢层采用波点板的工艺，更加有利于隔热保温的效果；
(4)不锈钢层采用两两搭接，点焊的工艺，操作简单，外观精美。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例进行详细阐述，说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
一种隔热保温罩，外层为304不锈钢波点板，厚度为0.15mm，内层隔热保温层由如下三层材料组成：高硅氧纤维毡层2mm、无碱玻纤针刺毡层6mm、铝箔布层0.22mm，隔热保温层相互之间用无机高温粘合剂粘合之后，黏在排气歧管上。
无机高温粘合剂包括水玻璃40份，胶料60份(主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂购买厂家为江苏泰楚化工有限公司型号为P450)，缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂10份(厂家：上海乙基化工有限公司，型号：106-91-10)，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶10份(购买厂家为东莞市天桉硅胶科技有限公司商品型号为硅橡胶)，去离子水100份，甘油6份，硅酸铝陶瓷纤维10份(购买厂家为苏州德鑫陶瓷新材料有限公司商品型号为STD普通型)。
所述无机高温粘合剂的制备方法如下：S1将配方量的水玻璃、胶料、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶加入至去离子水中，充分搅拌混合，并滴入甘油，制成混合液A；
S2向混合液A中加入硅酸铝陶瓷纤维，以500-800r/min的速度搅拌2-3h后停止备用。
所述高硅氧纤维毡层中二氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙的含量分别为98％，0.3％，0.5％，余量杂质。
所述高硅氧纤维毡层的制备方法如下：以叶腊石、石英砂、石灰石、白云石、硼钙石、硼镁石六种矿石配比为1:1:1:1:1:1为原料，然后将配合料投入窑炉，在1300-1500℃的温度下进行熔制，酸洗，提纯制得高硅氧玻璃球，将制得的高硅氧玻璃球加入拉丝炉中进行融化，高速拉丝制成高硅氧玻璃纤维原丝，将原丝进行针刺加工成高硅氧纤维毡。
所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中各组分的含量为二氧化硅55％、氧化铝15％、氧化钙16％、氧化镁3.3％、氧化硼10％、氧化钠0.1％、二氧化钛0.4％、三氧化二铁0.2％。
所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡的制备方法为：
以叶腊石、石英砂、石灰石、白云石、硼钙石、硼镁石六种矿石配比为1:1:1:1:1:1为原料，然后将配合料投入窑炉，在1300-1500℃的温度下进行熔制，酸洗，提纯制得玻璃纤维球，将制得的玻璃球投入拉丝炉中进行融化，高速拉丝制成玻璃纤维丝，用刺针对梳理后的短切玻纤进行针刺，用机械方法使毡层玻纤之间、毡层玻纤与增强玻纤基布之间纤维相互缠结，纤网得以加固而制成的毡状。
所述多层隔热保温罩的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤1.按照被包裹物的尺寸，分别裁剪得到相对应大小的高硅氧纤维毡、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡和铝箔布；
步骤2.利用无机高温胶将高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层依次粘合连接，并将所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶包裹在排气歧管上；其中，所述高硅氧纤维毡位于内侧；
步骤3.将不锈钢层焊接于被包裹物上。
实施例2
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于：所述无机高温胶包括如下重量份的各组分：水玻璃50份，甘油8份，胶料62份(胶料的主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂，厂家：江苏泰楚化工有限公司，型号：P450)，缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂10份(厂家：上海乙基化工有限公司，型号：106-91-10)，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶8份(购买厂家为东莞市天桉硅胶科技有限公司商品型号为硅橡胶)，去离子水100份，硅酸铝陶瓷纤维15份。
实施例3
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于：所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中各组分的含量为二氧化硅56％、氧化铝16％、氧化钙19.6％、氧化硼8％、三氧化二铁0.4％。
实施例4
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于：内层隔热保温层由如下三层材料组成：高硅氧纤维毡层3mm、无碱玻纤针刺毡层10mm、铝箔布层0.45mm。
实施例5
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于，外层为304不锈钢波点板，厚度为0.2mm。
实施例6
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例2的区别在于：所述无机高温胶包括如下重量份的各组分：水玻璃50份，甘油8份，胶料68份(胶料的主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂，厂家：江苏泰楚化工有限公司，型号：P450)，缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂12份(厂家：上海乙基化工有限公司，型号：106-91-10)，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶11份，去离子水120份，硅酸铝陶瓷纤维15份。
实施例7
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于：所述所述高硅氧纤维毡层中二氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙的含量分别为95％，2.5％，2.3％，余量杂质。
实施例8
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于：
无机高温粘合剂包括水玻璃40份，胶料60份(胶料的主要成分为聚氯乙烯树脂，厂家：江苏泰楚化工有限公司，型号：P450)，缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂10份(购买厂家为上海乙基化工有限公司，型号：106-91-10)，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶10份(购买厂家为东莞市天桉硅胶科技有限公司商品型号为硅橡胶)，去离子水100份，甘油6份，
对比实施例1
一种隔热保温罩，其与实施例1的区别在于外层为铝板，厚度为1mm。
保温实验
试验步骤如下：
1.将高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层依次粘合连接，并将所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶包裹在排气歧管上
2.将外层不锈钢焊接与排气歧管上
3.将排气歧管安装在实验台架上，并在前端与后端布置温度传感器
4.分别记录进气口和出气口的温度
检测结果如下表1。
表1
组别 进气温度(℃) 出气温度(℃) 温差(℃)
实施例1 281 268 13
实施例2 280 267 13
实施例3 282 270 12
实施例4 281 272 9
实施例5 279 267 12
实施例6 280 267 13
实施例7 279 264 15
实施例8 278 258 20
对比实施例1 276 246 30
温差＝进气温度-出气温度，温差越小，保温效果越好。从实验结果可以看出无机高温胶组分中添加硅酸铝陶瓷纤维的保温效果好，其次不锈钢以及内层材料的厚度越厚保温效果好。
隔热实验
试验步骤如下：
1.将高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层依次粘合连接，并将所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶包裹在排气歧管上
2.将外层不锈钢焊接与排气歧管
3.将排气歧管安装在实验台架上，并在隔热保温层表面布置温度传感器
4.分别记录排气歧管内和隔热保温罩表面温度
隔热实验结果如下表2。
表2
Figure BDA0003057963190000071
隔热保温罩表面温度越低说明隔热保温罩的隔热效果越好，从实验结果可以看出，无机高温胶组分中添加硅酸铝陶瓷纤维的隔热效果好，其次不锈钢以及内层材料的厚度越厚隔热效果好；采用1mm厚的铝板，隔热效果明显变差。
无机高温胶抗拉和剥离实验
实验方法如下：
按配方制作无机高温胶，将无机高温胶放入高温试验箱，使温度上升至500℃，用万能试验机和剥离强度测试仪分别测出抗拉强度与剥离强度。
检测结果如下表3。
表3
Figure BDA0003057963190000072
Figure BDA0003057963190000081
从实验结果可以看出，在高温下，未添加硅酸铝陶瓷纤维的胶水，抗拉强度和剥离强度都比较差。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用于限制发明，凡在本发明的设计构思之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种多层隔热保温罩，其包括内层隔热保温层和外层不锈钢层，所述隔热保温层由三层材料组成，从内到外依次为高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层；所述隔热保温层三层材料之间采用无机高温胶粘合连接，并且所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶与排气歧管粘合连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述高硅氧纤维毡层主要由以下组分制成：二氧化硅、氧化铝和氧化钙，其中二氧化硅的含量大于等于96％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层由如下组分制成：二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化硼、氧化钠、氧化钾、二氧化钛和三氧化二铁。
4.根据权利要求3所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层中各组分的含量为二氧化硅52％-56％、氧化铝12-16％、氧化钙16-25％、氧化镁0-6％、氧化硼8-13％、氧化钠氧化钾0-0.8％、二氧化钛0-0.4％、三氧化二铁0.05-0.4％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层厚度为6-12mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述铝箔布层厚度为0.22-0.45mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述外层不锈钢层的材料为304不锈钢波点板，厚度为0.15-0.2mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述无机高温胶包括如下重量份的各组分：水玻璃30-50份，甘油6-8份，胶料62-68份，缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂10-12份，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶8-11份，去离子水100-120份，硅酸铝陶瓷纤维10-15份。
9.根据权利要求8所述的多层隔热保温罩，所述无机高温胶的制备方法包括如下步骤：
S1将配方量的水玻璃、胶料、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶加入至去离子水中，充分搅拌混合，并滴入甘油，制成混合液A；
S2向混合液A中加入硅酸铝陶瓷纤维，以500-800r/min的速度搅拌至均匀。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的多层隔热保温罩的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤1.按照被包裹物的尺寸，分别裁剪得到相对应大小的高硅氧纤维毡、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡和铝箔布；
步骤2.利用无机高温胶将高硅氧纤维毡层、无碱玻璃纤维针刺毡层和铝箔布层依次粘合连接，并将所述隔热保温层采用无机高温胶包裹在排气歧管上；其中，所述高硅氧纤维毡位于内侧；
步骤3.将不锈钢层焊接于被包裹物。
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