CN113141048B - Vehicle-mounted charger circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and electric automobile - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted charger circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141048B CN113141048B CN202110357306.2A CN202110357306A CN113141048B CN 113141048 B CN113141048 B CN 113141048B CN 202110357306 A CN202110357306 A CN 202110357306A CN 113141048 B CN113141048 B CN 113141048B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric automobile. The invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit which can charge an electric automobile and release direct-current energy of an energy storage component in the electric automobile. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirements of the domestic market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 6.6kW, and can also meet the requirements of the foreign market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 11 kW.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric automobile.
Background
In recent years, electric vehicles are rapidly developed, users are more and more, but experience of users On the electric vehicles cannot be compared with that of traditional fuel vehicles, an important reason is that charging speed of the electric vehicles is too slow, so when the experience is more and more emphasized, charging speed of the electric vehicles is necessary to be improved, charging power must be increased to improve the charging speed, that is, an On Board Charger (OBC) gradually tends to be in a high power direction, and requirements of a Charger product integrating a three-phase input charging mode into a single-phase input mode are gradually increased, but the charging power is increased, and volume and cost are increased.
Currently, in the domestic market, the product specification of single three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with output power of 6.6kW (simply referred to as three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6 kW); in the united states, japan and european markets, the product specification of single three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW (simply referred to as three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11 kW).
However, the three-phase input integrated single-phase input charger product developed in the domestic market at present can only realize three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW, so that the product specification of the three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW requirement of the domestic market can be met for realizing the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, and meanwhile, the product specification of the foreign market requirement can also be met for realizing the three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and a new energy automobile, so as to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and large volume of an electric automobile.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit which comprises a relay network module and an alternating current-direct current converter which are sequentially connected; wherein,
The alternating current-direct current converter comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit and a direct current output circuit, the direct current output circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are respectively connected with two output ends of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
The relay network module comprises first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch, a second relay switch, a third relay switch, a fourth relay switch, a fifth relay switch and a sixth relay switch; the first to fourth input interfaces are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; one end of the first relay switch is connected with a first input interface, one end of the second relay switch and one end of the third relay switch; the other end of the second relay switch is connected with a second input interface; the other end of the third relay switch is connected with one end of the fourth relay switch; the other end of the fourth relay switch is connected with a third input interface; one end of the fifth relay switch is connected with a fourth input interface and one end of the sixth relay switch, and the other end of the sixth relay switch is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode; the other end of the first relay switch, the other end of the second relay switch, the other end of the third relay switch and the other end of the fifth relay switch are all connected with the AC-DC converter.
Optionally, the ac-dc converter may further include first to third inductors and a bus capacitor; wherein,
One end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
One end of the first inductor is connected with the other end of the first relay switch, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a first live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
One end of the second inductor is connected with the other end of the second relay switch, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the third relay switch, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit and the other end of the fifth relay switch.
Optionally, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit may further include a first filter circuit; the first filter circuit is used as a front-stage circuit of the relay network module and is used for accessing the three-phase alternating current and providing the three-phase alternating current to the relay network module after filtering the three-phase alternating current; or the first filter circuit is connected between the relay network module and the AC/DC converter and is used for filtering the three-phase AC output by the relay network module and providing the three-phase AC to the AC/DC converter.
Optionally, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit may further include a dc-dc converter and a second filter circuit; the DC-DC converter is connected between the AC-DC converter and the second filter circuit and is used for boosting, reducing or stabilizing the output voltage of the AC-DC converter; the second filter circuit is used for performing filter processing on the output of the direct current-direct current converter.
Optionally, when the first relay switch, the second relay switch, the third relay switch and the sixth relay switch are all in an on state, and the fourth relay switch and the fifth relay switch are all in an off state, the second input interface and the third input interface are both connected to the first input interface to form a single-phase input charging circuit; wherein the single-phase input charging circuit includes the three-phase rectifying circuit and the relay network module excluding the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch, the sixth relay and an inductance.
Optionally, when the first relay switch and the fourth relay switch are in an on state, and the second relay switch, the third relay switch, the fifth relay switch and the sixth relay are in an off state, a three-phase input charging circuit is formed.
Optionally, the inverter discharging circuit is formed when the first relay switch, the second relay switch and the fifth relay switch are all in an on state, and the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch and the sixth relay switch are all in an off state.
Optionally, the three-phase rectifying circuit includes three bridge arms connected to each other, and each bridge arm includes two transistors connected in series.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a vehicle-mounted charger, which comprises the vehicle-mounted charger circuit and a control circuit for controlling the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an electric automobile, comprising: power cells, low voltage loads, motors, wheels and an on-board charger as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit which can charge an electric automobile and release direct-current energy of an energy storage component in the electric automobile. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirements of the domestic market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 6.6kW, and can also meet the requirements of the foreign market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 11 kW.
Furthermore, in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, the two diodes working at the power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in the AC/DC converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase input charging mode, the three-phase rectification circuit in the AC/DC converter is used as an input path of a current loop, the two diodes connected in series are used as an output path of the current loop, and further, each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, three switching tubes are positively conducted in the three-phase rectification circuit in the AC/DC converter, and the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is kept to be 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase input charging mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integration and single-phase 11kW in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a three-phase input charging mode;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a state in which the operation mode is a single-phase input charging mode;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a reverse discharge mode.
Detailed Description
A vehicle-mounted charger circuit of the present invention will be described in further detail below. The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the attached drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present invention. Accordingly, the following description is to be construed as broadly known to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described. In the following description, well-known functions have not been described in detail because they would obscure the present invention in unnecessary detail. It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation details must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system-related or business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. In addition, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art.
As described in the background art, in the domestic market, the product specification of single three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with an output power of 6.6kW (simply referred to as three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6 kW); in the united states, japan and european markets, the product specification of single three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW (simply referred to as three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11 kW).
Currently, in order to meet the above requirements, the following three charge and discharge circuits have been mainly developed in the domestic market. Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, the relay network circuit in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is composed of four relay switches S1-S4, and the ac-dc conversion circuit (i.e., rectifying circuit) is composed of three inductors L1-L3, a bus filter capacitor Cbus and six transistors Q1-Q6 connected in series in a pairwise reverse direction. Specifically, one end of a relay switch S1 of the relay network circuit is connected with one end of a relay switch S2 and is used as a first input interface of the relay network circuit, the other end of the relay switch S1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 of the ac/dc conversion circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S2 is used as a second input interface of the relay network circuit and is connected with one end of the inductor L2; one end of the relay switch S3 is used as a third input interface of the relay network circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S3 is connected with one end of an inductor L3 of the AC/DC conversion circuit. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a first live wire interface of a three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1 to Q6; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1-Q6.
As can be seen from the circuit structure shown in fig. 1, when the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit is a three-phase input charging mode, the relay switches S1 and S3 are both in an on state, and the relay switches S2 and S4 are both in an off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a three-phase bridge rectifying structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11kW (kilowatts). When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit shown in fig. 1 is single-phase input charge, the relay switches S1, S2 and S4 are all in on state, and the relay switch S3 is in off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 constitute a power factor correction circuit (INTERLEAVING TOTEM POLE, PFC), and the output power of the charge circuit is 6.6kW. When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit shown in fig. 1 is reverse discharge, the relay switches S1, S2 and the relay switch S4 are both in on state, and the relay switch S3 is in off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 constitute an inverter structure, and the output power of the discharge circuit is 6kW. Since the output power of the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit shown in fig. 1 in the single-phase input mode is 6.6kW, the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit cannot meet the requirement of the foreign market for 11kW of output power in the single-phase input mode.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integration and single-phase 11kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 2, the relay network circuit in the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit is composed of four relay switches S1-S4, and the ac-dc conversion circuit is composed of three inductors L1-L3, six transistors Q1-Q6 connected in reverse series in pairs, and bus filter capacitors Cbus1, cbus2 connected in parallel at the output end of the controllable bridge structure composed of the transistors after being connected in series. Specifically, one end of a relay switch S1 of the relay network circuit is connected with one end of a relay switch S2 and one end of a relay switch S3, and is used as a first input interface of the relay network circuit, the other end of the relay switch S1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 of an ac/dc conversion circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S2 is used as a second input interface of the relay network circuit, and is connected with one end of the inductor L2; one end of the relay switch S4 is used as a third input interface of the relay network circuit, and after the other end of the relay switch S3 is connected with the other end of the relay switch, the other end of the relay switch S4 is connected with one end of the inductor L3 of the ac/dc conversion circuit. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a first live wire interface of a three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1 to Q6; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit formed by the transistors Q1-Q6. And, bus filter capacitor Cbus1, cbus2 after the series connection connects in parallel in two output terminals of the three-phase rectifier circuit.
As can be seen from the circuit structure shown in fig. 2, when the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit is three-phase input charging, the relay switch S1 and the relay switch S4 are both in an on state, and the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S3 are both in an off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a three-phase bridge rectifying structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11kW. When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit shown in fig. 2 is single-phase input charge, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S3 are all in on state, and the relay switch S4 is in off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a PFC structure, and the output power of the charge circuit is 11kW. When the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 2 is reverse discharging, the relay switch S1 and the relay switch S2 are in an on state, the relay switch S3 and the relay switch S4 are in an off state, the transistors Q1 to Q4 and the bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 form a half-bridge inverter structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 6kW. In the single-phase input mode, the bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 are shunted to solve the problem of circuit failure caused by limited overcurrent capacity of a single bus filter capacitor. However, in the scheme, a plurality of bus filter capacitors are required to be connected in parallel, so that the problems of large size and high manufacturing cost of the electric automobile are caused.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit is formed by connecting an ac-dc conversion circuit with three rectifying modules 1 to 3 connected in parallel. Specifically, each rectifying module consists of an inductor L1, transistors Q1-Q4, a bus filter capacitor Cbus and a direct current-direct current converter. The inductor L1 in each rectifying module is connected with the output end of the first filtering circuit AC EMI, wherein two output ends of the rectifying module 1 are correspondingly connected with two output ends of the rectifying module 3, and the output end of the rectifying module 2 is connected with a second filtering circuit HV EMI.
As can be seen from the circuit structure shown in fig. 3, when the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit is three-phase input charging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S3 are all in on state, the relay switch S4 and the relay switch S5 are all in off state, the 3 rectifying modules 1,2 and 3 are connected in parallel, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11kW. When the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 3 is single-phase input charging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2, the relay switch S3, the relay switch S4 and the relay switch S5 are all in a conducting state, and the 3 rectifying modules are connected in parallel, so that the output power of the charging circuit is 11kW. When the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 3 is reverse discharging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S5 are closed, the relay switch S3 and the relay switch S4 are in an off state, wherein the two rectifying modules form an inversion structure, and the output power of the discharging circuit is 6kW. The vehicle-mounted charge-discharge circuit shown in fig. 3 requires a plurality of rectification modules in a charge mode and a reverse discharge mode, so that the problems of more devices, large volume and high manufacturing cost of the electric vehicle are caused.
Obviously, according to the description, the three-phase input integrated single-phase input charger product developed in the domestic market at present is not only capable of realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW, but also is not capable of adding a plurality of filter capacitors with limited overcurrent capability in a circuit capable of realizing three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW, so that the problems of large size and high cost of an electric automobile are caused.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and large volume of the electric automobile in the prior art, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and the electric automobile.
A vehicle-mounted charger circuit of the present invention will be described in further detail below. The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 4 to 7, in which preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present invention. Accordingly, the following description is to be construed as broadly known to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention mainly comprises a first filter circuit 1, a relay network module 2, an ac-dc converter 3, a dc-dc converter 4 and a second filter circuit 5 which are connected in sequence. The first filter circuit 1 is configured to filter ac power input to the first filter circuit to obtain a power signal with a specific frequency, or remove a power signal with a specific frequency. The first filter circuit 1 may be used as a pre-stage circuit of the relay network module 2, and is configured to access the three-phase alternating current, filter the three-phase alternating current, and provide the three-phase alternating current to the relay network module 2; or the first filter circuit 1 is connected between the relay network module 2 and the ac-dc converter 3, and is used for filtering the three-phase ac power output by the relay network module 2 and providing the three-phase ac power to the ac-dc converter 3. The relay network module 2 is used for controlling the switching of three working modes of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit through the closing and opening of a plurality of relay switches in the circuit so as to realize the bidirectional flow of energy between the first filter circuit 1 and the alternating current-direct current converter 3; the vehicle-mounted charger comprises a charging mode and a reverse discharging mode, wherein the charging mode comprises a three-phase input charging mode and a single-phase input charging mode. The dc-dc converter 4 is connected between the ac-dc converter 3 and the second filter circuit 5, and is configured to boost, buck, or stabilize the output voltage of the ac-dc converter 3. The second filter circuit 5 is configured to perform a filtering process on the output of the dc-dc converter 4.
Specifically, one side of the first filter circuit (AC EMI) 1 includes three AC inputs and one neutral input, and the other side of the first filter circuit 1 includes three AC outputs and one neutral output. Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first filter circuit 1 includes a first ac input terminal Ua, a second ac input terminal Ub, a third ac input terminal Uc, and a neutral input terminal N, and the other side of the first filter circuit 1 includes a first ac output terminal Ua1, a second ac output terminal Ub1, a third ac output terminal Uc1, and a neutral output terminal N1.
The relay network module 2 includes first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch 21, a second relay switch 22, a third relay switch 23, a fourth relay switch 24, a fifth relay switch 25, a sixth relay switch 26, a first resistor 27, and a second resistor 28. The first to fourth input interfaces are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; the ac-dc converter 3 includes a first inductor 31, a second inductor 32, a third inductor 33, a three-phase rectifying structure circuit a composed of a first transistor 34, a second transistor 35, a third transistor 36, a fourth transistor 37, a fifth transistor 38 and a sixth transistor 39, and a dc output circuit composed of a first diode 40 and a second diode 41; the ac/dc converter 3 further includes a bus capacitor 42. The dc-dc converter 4 comprises a first dc input 41, a second dc input 42, a first dc output 43 and a second dc output 44. The second filter circuit 5 comprises a first direct current input 51 and a second direct current input 52.
Specifically, one end 211 of the first relay switch 21 is connected to a first input interface, one end 221 of the second relay switch 22, and one end 231 of the third relay switch 23; the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22 is connected with a second input interface; the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23 is connected to one end 242 of the fourth relay switch 24; the other end 241 of the fourth relay switch 24 is connected with a third input interface; one end 251 of the fifth relay switch 25 is connected to a fourth input interface and one end 261 of the sixth relay switch 26, and the other end 262 of the sixth relay switch 26 is connected to the anode 402 of the first diode 40 and the cathode 411 of the second diode 41; the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22, the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23, and the other end 252 of the fifth relay switch 25 are all connected to the ac/dc converter 3.
One end 421 of the bus capacitor 42 is connected to the cathode 401 of the first diode 40, and the other end 422 is connected to the anode 412 of the second diode 41; one end 311 of the first inductor 31 is connected to the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, and the other end 312 of the first inductor 31 is connected to a first fire wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit a; one end 321 of the second inductor 32 is connected to the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22, and the other end 322 of the second inductor 32 is connected to the second live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit a; one end 331 of the third inductor 33 is connected to the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23, and the other end 332 of the third inductor 33 is connected to the third live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit a and the other end 252 of the fifth relay switch 25.
One end 271 of the first resistor 27 is connected to one end 211 of the first relay switch 21, and the other end 272 of the first resistor 27 is connected to the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, so that the first resistor 27 is connected in parallel to both ends of the first relay switch 21; one end 281 of the second resistor 28 is connected to one end 241 of the fourth relay switch 24, and the other end 282 of the second resistor 28 is connected to the other end 242 of the fourth relay switch 24, so as to realize that the second resistor 28 is connected in parallel to two ends of the fourth relay switch 24.
It will be appreciated that when the on-board charger circuit is in a charging mode, the ac inputs Ua, ub and Uc of the first filter circuit 1 are adapted to be connected to an ac power source (not shown), and the ac outputs Ua1, ub1 and Uc1 are adapted to be electrically connected to the relay network module 2, so as to implement the filtering and then input of the first ac power from the ac power source into the relay network module 2; when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a discharging mode, the alternating current input ends Ua, ub and Uc of the first filter circuit 1 are used for being connected with the electric vehicle load (not shown), and the alternating current output ends Ua1, ub1 and Uc1 are used for being electrically connected with the relay network module 2 so as to realize that the second alternating current electric energy from the relay network module 2 is input to the electric vehicle load after being filtered.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the numbers of the input ends and the input ends of the components in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit are all numbered in a manner of assuming that the circuit is in the charging mode, and if the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the reverse discharging mode, the numbers of the input ends and the input ends of the components in the circuit are opposite to the numbers in fig. 4 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which is not specifically illustrated.
In the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, the diodes working at the power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in the AC/DC converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a single-phase input charging mode, six transistors of the AC/DC converter are used as input paths of a current loop, the two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, and further, each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, three transistors of the three-phase rectifying circuit in the AC/DC converter are positively conducted, and the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is kept to be 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, the connection modes of the circuit in three working modes of a three-phase input charging mode, a single-phase input charging mode and a reverse discharging mode are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a three-phase input charging mode. As shown in fig. 5, when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is a three-phase input charging mode, the first relay switch 21 and the fourth relay switch 24 are both in an on state, and when the second relay switch 22, the third relay switch 23, the fifth relay switch 25 and the sixth relay switch 2 are all in an off state, the three-phase rectifying circuit a is formed into a three-phase bridge circuit, and at this time, the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is 11kW.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a single-phase input charging mode. As shown in fig. 6, when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is a single-phase input charging mode, the first relay switch 21, the second relay switch 22, the third relay switch 23 and the sixth relay switch 26 are all in an on state, and the fourth relay switch 24 and the fifth relay switch 25 are all in an off state, the second input interface and the third input interface are both connected to the first input interface, so as to form a single-phase input charging circuit; wherein the single-phase input charging circuit includes the three-phase rectifying circuit a and the relay network module 2 excluding the third relay switch 23, the fourth relay switch 24, the sixth relay 26 and an inductance 33. At this time, the output power of the in-vehicle charging circuit was 11kW. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first diode 40 and the second diode 41 operate at the power frequency, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode, six transistors of the ac/dc converter are used as input paths of the current loop, and the two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, so that at each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, three transistors of the three-phase rectifying circuit in the ac/dc converter are forward conducted, and the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is kept to be 11kW when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase input charging mode.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows that when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charging/discharging circuit is the discharging mode in fig. 4, the first relay switch 21, the second relay switch 22 and the fifth relay switch 25 are all in the on state, and the third relay switch 23, the fourth relay switch 24 and the sixth relay switch 26 are all in the off state, the three-phase rectifying circuit a is formed into an inverter discharging circuit, so as to invert the dc power in the energy storage component of the electric vehicle into the ac power, and at this time, the output power of the inverter discharging circuit is 6.6kW.
Obviously, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can charge the electric automobile and release the direct current energy of the energy storage component in the electric automobile. In addition, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirements of the domestic market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 6.6kW, and can also meet the requirements of the foreign market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 11 kW.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an on-vehicle charger, which comprises the on-vehicle charger circuit and a control circuit (not shown) for controlling the on-vehicle charger circuit.
The present invention also provides an electric vehicle including a power battery (not shown), a low voltage load (not shown), a motor (not shown), wheels (not shown), and an in-vehicle charger as described above, based on the same inventive concept.
In summary, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, which can charge an electric vehicle and release direct current energy of an energy storage component in the electric vehicle. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirements of the domestic market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 6.6kW, and can also meet the requirements of the foreign market that the product specification is three-phase 11kW and the single-phase 11 kW.
Furthermore, in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, the diodes working at the power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in the AC/DC converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a single-phase input charging mode, six transistors of the AC/DC converter are used as input paths of a current loop, the two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, and further, each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, three transistors of the three-phase rectifying circuit in the AC/DC converter are positively conducted, and the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is kept to be 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode.
In the description of the present specification, a description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," or "particular examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art will make any equivalent substitution or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the invention, and the technical solution of the invention is not departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit is characterized by comprising a relay network module and an alternating current-direct current converter which are sequentially connected; wherein,
The alternating current-direct current converter comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit and a direct current output circuit, the direct current output circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are respectively connected with two output ends of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
The relay network module comprises first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch, a second relay switch, a third relay switch, a fourth relay switch, a fifth relay switch and a sixth relay switch; the first to fourth input interfaces are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; one end of the first relay switch is connected with a first input interface, one end of the second relay switch and one end of the third relay switch; the other end of the second relay switch is connected with a second input interface; the other end of the third relay switch is connected with one end of the fourth relay switch; the other end of the fourth relay switch is connected with a third input interface; one end of the fifth relay switch is connected with a fourth input interface and one end of the sixth relay switch, and the other end of the sixth relay switch is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode; the other end of the first relay switch, the other end of the second relay switch, the other end of the third relay switch and the other end of the fifth relay switch are all connected with the AC-DC converter.
2. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 1 wherein said ac-dc converter further comprises first to third inductors and a bus capacitor; wherein,
One end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
One end of the first inductor is connected with the other end of the first relay switch, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a first live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
One end of the second inductor is connected with the other end of the second relay switch, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the third relay switch, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectifying circuit and the other end of the fifth relay switch.
3. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 1 wherein said vehicle-mounted charger circuit further comprises a first filter circuit; the first filter circuit is used as a front-stage circuit of the relay network module and is used for accessing the three-phase alternating current and providing the three-phase alternating current to the relay network module after filtering the three-phase alternating current; or the first filter circuit is connected between the relay network module and the AC/DC converter and is used for filtering the three-phase AC output by the relay network module and providing the three-phase AC to the AC/DC converter.
4. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 1 wherein said vehicle-mounted charger circuit further comprises a dc-dc converter and a second filter circuit; the DC-DC converter is connected between the AC-DC converter and the second filter circuit and is used for boosting, reducing or stabilizing the output voltage of the AC-DC converter; the second filter circuit is used for performing filter processing on the output of the direct current-direct current converter.
5. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 2 wherein, with the first, second, third and sixth relay switches all in an on state and the fourth and fifth relay switches all in an off state, the second and third input interfaces are both connected to the first input interface to form a single-phase input charging circuit.
6. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 2 wherein a three-phase input charging circuit is formed with both the first relay switch and the fourth relay switch in an on state and with the second relay switch, the third relay switch, the fifth relay switch and the sixth relay in an off state.
7. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 2 wherein an inverter discharge circuit is formed with the first, second and fifth relay switches all in an on state and the third, fourth and sixth relay switches all in an off state.
8. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 2 wherein said three-phase rectifier circuit comprises three legs connected to each other, each of said legs comprising two transistors connected in series.
9. An in-vehicle charger comprising an in-vehicle charger circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 and a control circuit for controlling the in-vehicle charger circuit.
10. An electric automobile, characterized by comprising: a power battery, a low voltage load, a motor, wheels and an on-board charger as claimed in claim 9.
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