CN113141048A - Vehicle-mounted charger circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and electric automobile - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted charger circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141048A CN113141048A CN202110357306.2A CN202110357306A CN113141048A CN 113141048 A CN113141048 A CN 113141048A CN 202110357306 A CN202110357306 A CN 202110357306A CN 113141048 A CN113141048 A CN 113141048A
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric automobile. The invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit which can be used for charging an electric automobile and also can release direct-current electric energy of an energy storage component in the electric automobile. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW required by the domestic market, and can also meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW required by the foreign market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and an electric automobile.
Background
In recent years, electric vehicles are developed extremely rapidly, users are more and more, but the experience of the users On the electric vehicles cannot be compared with that of traditional fuel vehicles, and one important reason is that the charging speed of the electric vehicles is too slow, so that when the experience is more and more emphasized, the charging speed of the electric vehicles is increased, and the charging power needs to be increased to increase the charging speed, that is, an On Board Charger (OBC) gradually tends to a high-power direction, the demand of a Charger product integrating a three-phase input charging mode into a single-phase input mode is gradually increased, but the charging power is increased, and the volume and the cost are increased.
At present, in the domestic market, the specification of a single-three-phase integrated product is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with the output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with the output power of 6.6kW (referred to as the three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6 kW); in the U.S., japan and european markets, the product specification of single-three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW (referred to as a three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW for short).
However, the three-phase input integrated single-phase input charger product developed in the domestic market at present can only realize the integrated single-phase 6.6kW of three-phase 11kW, therefore, in order to realize that the vehicle-mounted charger circuit can meet the requirement that the product specification required by the domestic market is the integrated single-phase 6.6kW of three-phase 11kW, and can also meet the requirement that the product specification required by the foreign market is the integrated single-phase 11kW of three-phase 11kW at the same time, the prior art usually adds a plurality of filter capacitors with limited overcurrent capacity in the circuit capable of realizing the integrated single-phase 11kW of three-phase 11kW, however, the improvement mode can cause the problems of large volume and high cost of the electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, a vehicle-mounted charger and a new energy automobile, and aims to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and large size of an electric automobile.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit, which comprises a relay network module and an alternating current-direct current converter which are sequentially connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the alternating current-direct current converter comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit and a direct current output circuit, the direct current output circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are respectively connected with two output ends of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
the relay network module comprises first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch, a second relay switch, a third relay switch, a fourth relay switch, a fifth relay switch and a sixth relay switch; the first input interface, the second input interface, the third input interface, the fourth input interface and the fourth input interface are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; one end of the first relay switch is connected with the first input interface, one end of the second relay switch and one end of the third relay switch; the other end of the second relay switch is connected with a second input interface; the other end of the third relay switch is connected with one end of the fourth relay switch; the other end of the fourth relay switch is connected with a third input interface; one end of the fifth relay switch is connected with a fourth input interface and one end of the sixth relay switch, and the other end of the sixth relay switch is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode; the other end of the first relay switch, the other end of the second relay switch, the other end of the third relay switch and the other end of the fifth relay switch are all connected with the alternating current-direct current converter.
Optionally, the ac-dc converter may further include first to third inductors and a bus capacitor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
one end of the first inductor is connected with the other end of the first relay switch, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a first live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit;
one end of the second inductor is connected with the other end of the second relay switch, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit;
one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the third relay switch, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit and the other end of the fifth relay switch.
Optionally, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit may further include a first filter circuit; the first filter circuit is used as a preceding stage circuit of the relay network module and is used for accessing the three-phase alternating current and filtering the three-phase alternating current and then providing the filtered three-phase alternating current to the relay network module; or the first filter circuit is connected between the relay network module and the alternating current-direct current converter and used for filtering the three-phase alternating current output by the relay network module and providing the three-phase alternating current to the alternating current-direct current converter.
Optionally, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit may further include a dc-dc converter and a second filter circuit; the DC-DC converter is connected between the AC-DC converter and the second filter circuit and is used for boosting, reducing or stabilizing the output voltage of the AC-DC converter; the second filter circuit is used for filtering the output of the DC-DC converter.
Optionally, when the first relay switch, the second relay switch, the third relay switch, and the sixth relay switch are all in an on state, and the fourth relay switch and the fifth relay switch are all in an off state, the second input interface and the third input interface are both connected to the first input interface, so as to form a single-phase input charging circuit; wherein the single-phase input charging circuit includes the three-phase rectification circuit and the relay network module except for the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch, the sixth relay, and an inductor.
Optionally, a three-phase input charging circuit is formed when the first relay switch and the fourth relay switch are both in an on state, and the second relay switch, the third relay switch, the fifth relay switch and the sixth relay are all in an off state.
Optionally, an inverter discharge circuit is formed when the first relay switch, the second relay switch, and the fifth relay switch are all in an on state, and the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch, and the sixth relay switch are all in an off state.
Optionally, the three-phase rectification circuit includes three bridge arms connected to each other, and each bridge arm includes two transistors connected in series.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a vehicle-mounted charger, which comprises the vehicle-mounted charger circuit and a control circuit for controlling the vehicle-mounted charge and discharge circuit.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an electric vehicle, comprising: power battery, low voltage load, motor, wheel and on-board charger as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger circuit which can be used for charging an electric automobile and also can release direct-current electric energy of an energy storage component in the electric automobile. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW required by the domestic market, and can also meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW required by the foreign market.
Furthermore, in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, two diodes working at a power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in an alternating current-direct current converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a single-phase input charging mode, a three-phase rectification circuit in the alternating current-direct current converter is used as an input path of a current loop, and the two diodes connected in series are used as an output path of the current loop, thereby ensuring that three switching tubes in the three-phase rectification circuit in the alternating current-direct current converter are in forward conduction at each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, and further ensuring that the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase input charging mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 6.6kW in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 11kW in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 11kW in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided in FIG. 4 in a charging mode with three-phase input;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the on-board charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a single-phase input charging mode;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the on-board charger circuit provided in fig. 4 when the operation mode is the reverse discharging mode.
Detailed Description
An in-vehicle charger circuit of the present invention will be described in further detail below. The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described. In the following description, well-known functions are not described in detail, as they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific details must be set forth in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art.
As described in the background art, in the domestic market, the specification of a single-three-phase integrated product is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with the output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with the output power of 6.6kW (referred to as the single-phase 6.6kW integrated with the three-phase 11kW for short); in the U.S., japan and european markets, the product specification of single-three-phase integration is the integration of a three-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW and a single-phase input charging mode with an output power of 11kW (referred to as a three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW for short).
At present, in order to meet the above requirements, the following three kinds of charge and discharge circuits are mainly developed in the domestic market. Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 6.6kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, a relay network circuit in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is composed of four relay switches S1-S4, and an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (i.e., a rectification circuit) is composed of three inductors L1-L3, a bus filter capacitor Cbus and six transistors Q1-Q6 which are connected in series in a pairwise reverse direction. Specifically, one end of a relay switch S1 of the relay network circuit is connected to one end of a relay switch S2 and serves as a first input interface of the relay network circuit, the other end of the relay switch S1 is connected to one end of an inductor L1 of an ac-dc conversion circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S2 serves as a second input interface of the relay network circuit and is connected to one end of the inductor L2; one end of the relay switch S3 is used as a third input interface of the relay network circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S3 is connected with one end of an inductor L3 of the ac-dc conversion circuit. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a first live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a second live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with a third live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6.
As can be seen from the circuit configuration shown in fig. 1, when the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging/discharging circuit is the three-phase input charging mode, the relay switches S1 and S3 are both in the on state, and the relay switches S2 and S4 are both in the off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a three-phase bridge rectification structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11kW (kilowatt). When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 1 is single-phase input charging, the relay switches S1, S2 and S4 are all in the on state, and the relay switch S3 is in the off state, so the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a power factor correction circuit (PFC), and the output power of the charging circuit is 6.6 kW. When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 1 is reverse discharging, the relay switches S1, S2 and the relay switch S4 are all in the on state, and the relay switch S3 is in the off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form an inverter structure, and the output power of the discharging circuit is 6 kW. The output power of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 1 in the single-phase input mode is 6.6kW, so that the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit cannot meet the requirement of the foreign market on the output power of 11kW in the single-phase input mode.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 11kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 2, the relay network circuit in the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit is composed of four relay switches S1-S4, and the ac-dc conversion circuit is composed of three inductors L1-L3, six transistors Q1-Q6 connected in series in pairs in opposite directions, and two bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 connected in parallel to the output end of a controllable bridge structure composed of the transistors after being connected in series. Specifically, one end of a relay switch S1 of the relay network circuit is connected to both one end of a relay switch S2 and one end of a relay switch S3, and is used as a first input interface of the relay network circuit, the other end of the relay switch S1 is connected to one end of an inductor L1 of an ac-dc conversion circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S2 is used as a second input interface of the relay network circuit and is connected to one end of the inductor L2; one end of the relay switch S4 is used as a third input interface of the relay network circuit, and the other end of the relay switch S3 is connected to one end of an inductor L3 of the ac-dc conversion circuit. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a first live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a second live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6; the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with a third live wire interface of a three-phase rectification circuit consisting of the transistors Q1-Q6. The serial bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 are connected in parallel to two output ends of the three-phase rectifier circuit.
As can be seen from the circuit configuration shown in fig. 2, when the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging/discharging circuit is three-phase input charging, the relay switch S1 and the relay switch S4 are both in the on state, and the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S3 are both in the off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a three-phase bridge rectification structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11 kW. When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 2 is single-phase input charging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S3 are all in an on state, and the relay switch S4 is in an off state, so that the transistors Q1 to Q6 form a PFC structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11 kW. When the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 2 is reverse discharging, the relay switch S1 and the relay switch S2 are both in an on state, the relay switch S3 and the relay switch S4 are both in an off state, the transistors Q1 to Q4, the bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 form a half-bridge inverter structure, and the output power of the charging circuit is 6 kW. When the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 2 is in a single-phase input mode, the bus filter capacitors Cbus1 and Cbus2 are shunted, so that the problem of circuit failure caused by limited overcurrent capacity of a single bus filter capacitor is solved. However, this solution requires a plurality of bus filter capacitors connected in parallel, which results in a problem of large size and high manufacturing cost of the electric vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit for realizing integration of three phases 11kW and single phase 11kW in the prior art. As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit is formed by connecting an ac-dc conversion circuit with three rectifier modules 1 to 3 connected in parallel. Specifically, each rectifier module consists of an inductor L1, transistors Q1-Q4, a bus filter capacitor Cbus and a direct current-direct current converter. The inductor L1 in each of the rectifier modules is connected to the output end of the first filter circuit AC EMI, wherein two output ends of the rectifier module 1 are correspondingly connected to two output ends of the rectifier module 3, and the output end of the rectifier module 2 is connected to a second filter circuit HV EMI.
As can be seen from the circuit configuration shown in fig. 3, when the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging/discharging circuit is three-phase input charging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2, and the relay switch S3 are all in the on state, the relay switch S4 and the relay switch S5 are all in the off state, 3 rectifier modules 1, 2, and 3 are connected in parallel, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11 kW. When the operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 3 is single-phase input charging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2, the relay switch S3, the relay switch S4 and the relay switch S5 are all in a conducting state, 3 rectifier modules are connected in parallel, and the output power of the charging circuit is 11 kW. When the working mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 3 is reverse discharging, the relay switch S1, the relay switch S2 and the relay switch S5 are closed, the relay switch S3 and the relay switch S4 are both in an off state, two rectifier modules form an inverter structure, and the output power of the discharging circuit is 6 kW. The vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit shown in fig. 3 needs a plurality of rectifier modules in the charging mode and the reverse discharging mode, so that the problems of more electric automobile devices, large volume and high manufacturing cost are caused.
Obviously, according to the above description, the three-phase input integrated single-phase input charger product developed in the domestic market at present is not only capable of realizing the three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW, but also is not capable of adding a plurality of filter capacitors with limited overcurrent capacity in a circuit capable of realizing the three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW, so that the problems of large size and high cost of the electric vehicle are caused.
Therefore, in order to solve the problems of high manufacturing cost and large size of the electric automobile in the prior art, the invention provides an on-board charger circuit, an on-board charger and the electric automobile.
An in-vehicle charger circuit of the present invention will be described in further detail below. The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 4 to 7, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous results of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention mainly comprises a first filter circuit 1, a relay network module 2, an ac/dc converter 3, a dc-dc converter 4 and a second filter circuit 5 which are connected in sequence. The first filter circuit 1 is configured to filter ac power input to the first filter circuit to obtain a power signal with a specific frequency, or eliminate a power signal with a specific frequency. The first filter circuit 1 may be used as a front stage circuit of the relay network module 2, and is configured to access the three-phase ac power, filter the three-phase ac power, and provide the filtered three-phase ac power to the relay network module 2; or, the first filter circuit 1 is connected between the relay network module 2 and the ac-dc converter 3, and is configured to filter the three-phase ac output by the relay network module 2 and provide the filtered three-phase ac to the ac-dc converter 3. The relay network module 2 is used for controlling the switching of three working modes of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit through the closing and opening of a plurality of relay switches in the circuit so as to realize the bidirectional flow of energy between the first filter circuit 1 and the alternating current-direct current converter 3; the vehicle-mounted charger comprises a charging mode and a reverse discharging mode, wherein the charging mode comprises a three-phase input charging mode and a single-phase input charging mode. The dc-dc converter 4 is connected between the ac-dc converter 3 and the second filter circuit 5, and is configured to perform boosting, voltage reduction, or voltage stabilization processing on the output voltage of the ac-dc converter 3. The second filter circuit 5 is configured to perform filtering processing on the output of the dc-dc converter 4.
Specifically, one side of the first filter circuit (AC EMI)1 includes three AC input terminals and one neutral input terminal, and the other side of the first filter circuit 1 includes three AC output terminals and one neutral output terminal. Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first filter circuit 1 includes a first ac input end Ua, a second ac input end Ub, a third ac input end Uc and a neutral input end N, and the other side of the first filter circuit 1 includes a first ac output end Ua1, a second ac output end Ub1, a third ac output end Uc1 and a neutral output end N1.
The relay network module 2 includes first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch 21, a second relay switch 22, a third relay switch 23, a fourth relay switch 24, a fifth relay switch 25, a sixth relay switch 26, a first resistor 27, and a second resistor 28. The first input interface, the second input interface, the third input interface, the fourth input interface and the fourth input interface are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; the AC-DC converter 3 comprises a first inductor 31, a second inductor 32, a third inductor 33, a three-phase rectification structure circuit A consisting of a first transistor 34, a second transistor 35, a third transistor 36, a fourth transistor 37, a fifth transistor 38 and a sixth transistor 39, and a DC output circuit consisting of a first diode 40 and a second diode 41; furthermore, the ac/dc converter 3 further includes a bus capacitor 42. The dc-dc converter 4 comprises a first dc input 41, a second dc input 42, a first dc output 43 and a second dc output 44. The second filter circuit 5 comprises a first dc input 51 and a second dc input 52.
Specifically, one end 211 of the first relay switch 21 is connected to a first input interface, one end 221 of the second relay switch 22, and one end 231 of the third relay switch 23; the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22 is connected to the second input interface; the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23 is connected to one end 242 of the fourth relay switch 24; the other end 241 of the fourth relay switch 24 is connected to a third input interface; one end 251 of the fifth relay switch 25 is connected to a fourth input interface and one end 261 of the sixth relay switch 26, and the other end 262 of the sixth relay switch 26 is connected to the anode 402 of the first diode 40 and the cathode 411 of the second diode 41; the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22, the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23, and the other end 252 of the fifth relay switch 25 are all connected to the ac/dc converter 3.
One end 421 of the bus capacitor 42 is connected to the cathode 401 of the first diode 40, and the other end 422 is connected to the anode 412 of the second diode 41; one end 311 of the first inductor 31 is connected to the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, and the other end 312 of the first inductor 31 is connected to the first live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit a; one end 321 of the second inductor 32 is connected to the other end 222 of the second relay switch 22, and the other end 322 of the second inductor 32 is connected to the second live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit a; one end 331 of the third inductor 33 is connected to the other end 232 of the third relay switch 23, and the other end 332 of the third inductor 33 is connected to the third live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit a and the other end 252 of the fifth relay switch 25.
One end 271 of the first resistor 27 is connected to one end 211 of the first relay switch 21, and the other end 272 of the first resistor 27 is connected to the other end 212 of the first relay switch 21, so that the first resistor 27 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the first relay switch 21; one end 281 of the second resistor 28 is connected to one end 241 of the fourth relay switch 24, and the other end 282 of the second resistor 28 is connected to the other end 242 of the fourth relay switch 24, so that the second resistor 28 is connected in parallel across the fourth relay switch 24.
It is understood that when the onboard charger circuit is in the charging mode, the ac input terminals Ua, Ub and Uc of the first filter circuit 1 are used for connecting to an ac power source (not shown), and the ac output terminals Ua1, Ub1 and Uc1 thereof are used for electrically connecting to the relay network module 2, so as to realize filtering of the first ac power from the ac power source and inputting into the relay network module 2; when the on-board charger circuit is in the discharging mode, the ac input terminals Ua, Ub and Uc of the first filter circuit 1 are used for connecting with the electric vehicle load (not shown), and the ac output terminals Ua1, Ub1 and Uc1 thereof are used for electrically connecting with the relay network module 2, so as to realize the filtering of the second ac power from the relay network module 2 and then inputting to the electric vehicle load.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the numbers of the input terminals and the input terminals of each component in the vehicle-mounted charging circuit are numbered in a manner that it is assumed that the circuit is in the charging mode, and if the vehicle-mounted charging circuit is in the reverse discharging mode, the numbers of the input terminals and the input terminals of each component in the circuit are opposite to the numbers in fig. 4 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which is not specifically illustrated herein.
In the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, two diodes working at a power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in an alternating current-direct current converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a single-phase input charging mode, six transistors of the alternating current-direct current converter are used as input paths of a current loop, and two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, thereby ensuring that three transistors of a three-phase rectifying circuit in the alternating current-direct current converter are in forward conduction at each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, and further ensuring that the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention introduced above, the connection mode of the circuit when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is respectively in three operation modes, namely a three-phase input charging mode, a single-phase input charging mode and a reverse discharging mode, is described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-vehicle charger circuit provided in fig. 4 in a charging mode with three-phase input. As shown in fig. 5, when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is a three-phase input charging mode, the first relay switch 21 and the fourth relay switch 24 are both in an on state, and the second relay switch 22, the third relay switch 23, the fifth relay switch 25, and the sixth relay 2 switch 6 are all in an off state when being off, so that the three-phase rectifier circuit a forms a three-phase bridge circuit, and at this time, the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is 11 kW.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-vehicle charger circuit provided in fig. 4 when an operation mode is a single-phase input charging mode. As shown in fig. 6, when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is a single-phase input charging mode, and the first relay switch 21, the second relay switch 22, the third relay switch 23, and the sixth relay switch 26 are all in an on state, and the fourth relay switch 24 and the fifth relay switch 25 are all in an off state, the second input interface and the third input interface are all connected to the first input interface, so as to form a single-phase input charging circuit; wherein the single-phase input charging circuit includes the three-phase rectification circuit a and the relay network module 2 except for the third relay switch 23, the fourth relay switch 24, the sixth relay 26 and an inductor 33. At this time, the output power of the in-vehicle charging circuit was 11 kW. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first diode 40 and the second diode 41 operate at a power frequency, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode, six transistors of the ac-dc converter are used as input paths of the current loop, and the two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, thereby ensuring that at each time of the single-phase input charging mode, three transistors of the three-phase rectification circuit in the ac-dc converter are forward-conducted, and thus ensuring that the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is 11kW when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase input charging mode.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 shows that when the charging mode of the vehicle-mounted charging and discharging circuit in fig. 4 is the discharging mode, the first relay switch 21, the second relay switch 22 and the fifth relay switch 25 are all in the on state, and the third relay switch 23, the fourth relay switch 24 and the sixth relay switch 26 are all in the off state, the three-phase rectification circuit a forms an inverter discharging circuit to invert the dc power in the energy storage component of the electric vehicle into the ac power, and at this time, the output power of the discharging circuit is 6.6 kW.
Obviously, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can be used for charging the electric automobile and also releasing the direct-current electric energy of the energy storage component in the electric automobile. Moreover, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW required by the domestic market, and can also meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW required by the foreign market.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an on-board charger, which comprises the on-board charger circuit and a control circuit (not shown) for controlling the on-board charger circuit.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides an electric automobile, which comprises a power battery (not shown), a low-voltage load (not shown), a motor (not shown), wheels (not shown) and the vehicle-mounted charger.
In summary, the present invention provides an on-board charger circuit, which can charge an electric vehicle and release dc power of an energy storage component in the electric vehicle. Specifically, the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention can meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 6.6kW required by the domestic market, and can also meet the requirement of a product specification of three-phase 11kW integrated single-phase 11kW required by the foreign market.
Furthermore, in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit provided by the invention, two diodes working at a power frequency are connected in series and then connected in parallel in an alternating current-direct current converter in the vehicle-mounted charger circuit, so that when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in a single-phase input charging mode, six transistors of the alternating current-direct current converter are used as input paths of a current loop, two diodes connected in series are used as output paths of the current loop, and further, at each moment of the single-phase input charging mode, three transistors of a three-phase rectification circuit in the alternating current-direct current converter are in forward conduction, so that the output power of the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is kept to be 11 kilowatts when the vehicle-mounted charger circuit is in the single-phase charging mode.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example" or "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. And the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle-mounted charger circuit is characterized by comprising a relay network module and an alternating current-direct current converter which are sequentially connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the alternating current-direct current converter comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit and a direct current output circuit, the direct current output circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are respectively connected with two output ends of the three-phase rectifying circuit;
the relay network module comprises first to fourth input interfaces, a first relay switch, a second relay switch, a third relay switch, a fourth relay switch, a fifth relay switch and a sixth relay switch; the first input interface, the second input interface, the third input interface, the fourth input interface and the fourth input interface are used for accessing three-phase alternating current; one end of the first relay switch is connected with the first input interface, one end of the second relay switch and one end of the third relay switch; the other end of the second relay switch is connected with a second input interface; the other end of the third relay switch is connected with one end of the fourth relay switch; the other end of the fourth relay switch is connected with a third input interface; one end of the fifth relay switch is connected with a fourth input interface and one end of the sixth relay switch, and the other end of the sixth relay switch is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode; the other end of the first relay switch, the other end of the second relay switch, the other end of the third relay switch and the other end of the fifth relay switch are all connected with the alternating current-direct current converter.
2. The vehicle charger circuit of claim 1 wherein said ac to dc converter further comprises first through third inductors and a bus capacitor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the bus capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the bus capacitor is connected with the anode of the second diode;
one end of the first inductor is connected with the other end of the first relay switch, and the other end of the first inductor is connected with a first live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit;
one end of the second inductor is connected with the other end of the second relay switch, and the other end of the second inductor is connected with a second live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit;
one end of the third inductor is connected with the other end of the third relay switch, and the other end of the third inductor is connected with a third live wire interface of the three-phase rectification circuit and the other end of the fifth relay switch.
3. The vehicle charger circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first filter circuit; the first filter circuit is used as a preceding stage circuit of the relay network module and is used for accessing the three-phase alternating current and filtering the three-phase alternating current and then providing the filtered three-phase alternating current to the relay network module; or the first filter circuit is connected between the relay network module and the alternating current-direct current converter and used for filtering the three-phase alternating current output by the relay network module and providing the three-phase alternating current to the alternating current-direct current converter.
4. The vehicle charger circuit of claim 1 further comprising a dc-dc converter and a second filter circuit; the DC-DC converter is connected between the AC-DC converter and the second filter circuit and is used for boosting, reducing or stabilizing the output voltage of the AC-DC converter; the second filter circuit is used for filtering the output of the DC-DC converter.
5. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit according to claim 2, wherein when the first relay switch, the second relay switch, the third relay switch and the sixth relay switch are all in an on state, and the fourth relay switch and the fifth relay switch are all in an off state, the second input interface and the third input interface are all connected to the first input interface to form a single-phase input charging circuit; wherein the single-phase input charging circuit includes the three-phase rectification circuit and the relay network module except for the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch, the sixth relay, and an inductor.
6. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit of claim 2, wherein a three-phase input charging circuit is formed in a case where the first relay switch and the fourth relay switch are both in an on state, and the second relay switch, the third relay switch, the fifth relay switch and the sixth relay are all in an off state.
7. The vehicle-mounted charger circuit according to claim 2, wherein an inverter discharge circuit is formed in a case where the first relay switch, the second relay switch, and the fifth relay switch are all in an on state, and the third relay switch, the fourth relay switch, and the sixth relay switch are all in an off state.
8. The vehicle charger circuit of claim 2 wherein said three-phase rectifier circuit comprises three legs connected to each other, each of said legs comprising two transistors connected in series.
9. An in-vehicle charger characterized by comprising the in-vehicle charger circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a control circuit for controlling the in-vehicle charger circuit.
10. An electric vehicle, comprising: a power battery, a low-voltage load, a motor, a wheel, and an on-board charger according to claim 9.
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| CN113141048B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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