CN113133373A - Arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application thereof - Google Patents
Arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113133373A CN113133373A CN202010055660.5A CN202010055660A CN113133373A CN 113133373 A CN113133373 A CN 113133373A CN 202010055660 A CN202010055660 A CN 202010055660A CN 113133373 A CN113133373 A CN 113133373A
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004922 Vigna radiata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole phosphate Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O.CC1=CNN=C1C LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000000163 Cycas revoluta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008601 Cycas revoluta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000721662 Juniperus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrapyrin Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=N1 DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the process of roof greening and container transplanting of arbors and shrubs, roots of plants are over-developed to influence roofs or cause container damage, because the arbors and shrubs transplanted in the current urban greening are overgrown, and need to be frequently trimmed, and the workload of workers is large. The composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar. This application is through the control to the nutrient medium component, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that the plant normally survives, the growth rate of effective control plant avoids the overgrowth of plant to reduce workman's pruning work load by a wide margin, effectively slow down because of plant roots is too flourishing, roofing or the container destruction problem that leads to. The nutrient medium has reasonable components and can realize effective control on plant growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gardens, in particular to the field of growth of garden plants, and specifically relates to a nutrient medium capable of controlling growth of trees and shrubs and application thereof. More specifically, the application provides a nutrient medium for regulating the growth rate of trees and shrubs and application thereof. The nutrient medium can control the growth speed of trees and shrubs on the premise of ensuring the survival of the trees and the shrubs, reduces the trimming cost of later-stage plants, and has higher application value.
Background
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization construction in China, the demand for urban greening is increasing. By planting green plants in cities, the air quality can be effectively treated and improved. At present, common urban landscaping generally comprises roof greening, road greening, community greening, landscape greening and the like. Wherein, arbor and bush are the main parts of urban afforestation.
In the greening process of cities and communities, the transplanted trees and/or shrubs are usually cultivated by adopting a mode of transplanting the trees and/or shrubs and taking original soil of the communities as a nutrient medium. The inventors found in practice the following problems: 1) after the transplanted shrubs survive, the shrubs grow fast and need to be trimmed once in about half a year; 2) after the trees transplanted in the residential area survive, the trees grow for two to five years, the trees grow excessively, the light of residents on low floors of the residential area is seriously affected, and the trees need to be pruned or cut correspondingly. In addition, in the process of roof greening, the root system of the plant is developed, so that the problems of root channeling and roof bearing increase often occur, and the safety of the roof is affected. When trees and shrubs are planted in the container, the developed root system of the plants may damage the container.
For this reason, a new method and/or substrate is urgently needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the inventors have conducted preliminary investigations. In the process of investigation, the inventor finds that the existing control on the plant growth mainly promotes the rapid growth of the plant through illumination or nutrition. Among them, the main measure of the prior art to promote the rapid growth of plants is to adopt soil improvement. Soil improvement generally adopts measures such as deep ploughing and curing, soil dressing and improving, hilling, sand doping, organic fertilizer application and the like to improve the fertility of soil and improve the structure and the physicochemical property of the soil.
However, there is little research on how to control the slow growth of plants. After the analysis of the inventor, the factors influencing the growth of urban shrubs and arbors are mainly two: light and substrate. Wherein, the illumination belongs to the external condition, and the difficulty of independent control is higher; therefore, the substrate is the key to solving the control of plant growth. Due to the lack of corresponding reference, the inventor finally obtains the technical scheme of the application through long-term research from zero and based on the control of the plant root system and the plant growth height.
The invention aims to: the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and the application thereof are provided for solving the problems that arbors and shrubs transplanted in urban greening at present need to be frequently pruned, the workload of workers is large, and the root systems of plants are over-developed to influence roofs or cause container damage in the processes of roof greening and container transplanting of arbors and shrubs. This application is through the control to the nutrient medium component, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that the plant normally survives, the growth rate of effective control plant avoids the overgrowth of plant to reduce workman's pruning work load by a wide margin, effectively slow down because of plant roots is too flourishing, roofing or the container destruction problem that leads to. The nutrient medium disclosed by the application is reasonable in components, can realize effective control on plant growth, reduces the subsequent maintenance cost of green plants, and has a higher application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nutrient medium capable of controlling growth of trees and shrubs is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar.
The microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-2 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 20-35 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrient and 5-10 parts by weight of water, and standing for 1-5 days at room temperature; the microbial inoculum nutrient is plant starch.
The microbial inoculum nutrient is one or more of potato extract powder, mung bean starch, malt extract powder and corn starch.
The composite probiotics are potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.2-3.
The inhibitor is a nitrification inhibitor.
The inhibitor is 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
The matrix is prepared by adopting a method comprising the following steps: weighing the components according to the proportion, and mixing uniformly.
The application of the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium.
The nutrient medium is used as a growth medium for trees and shrubs.
When the nutrient medium is used for growth of street trees, the operation is as follows:
(1) excavating cultivation pits in an area to be transplanted;
(2) spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium to the bottom of the cultivation pit;
(3) after the step 2 is finished, putting the street trees to be transplanted into cultivation pits on which arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates are flatly paved, filling the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates into the cultivation pits, and fixing the street trees through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of the street trees;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
When the nutrient medium is used for growing roof green plants, the operation is as follows:
(a) after the protective layer is arranged on the roof, spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium on the surface of the protective layer;
(b) b, after the step a is finished, planting the green plants to be transplanted on the tiled arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
When the nutrient substrate is used for plant growth in a container, the operation is as follows: placing green plants to be transplanted into a container, filling arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium serving as culture soil into the container, providing nutrition for the green plants in the container through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants; and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a nutrient substrate capable of controlling the growth of trees and shrubs and an application thereof. As mentioned previously, the main factors affecting plant growth include the external conditions and the substrate on which the plant is growing; in which the external conditions (including temperature, light, moisture, etc.) are difficult to control and the substrate becomes the key to plant growth. On the other hand, the use of nutrient media must also maintain the normal survival of the plants and ensure the necessary nutrient supply. Therefore, the supply and control of the nutrient medium for plant growth becomes a difficult problem.
Therefore, the inventor improves the components of the nutrient substrate through experimental research. According to the method, selenium soil, coal ash, perlite and vermiculite are used as main components, and a microbial fertilizer, an inhibitor, urea and potassium feldspar are added and mixed to prepare the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium. In the application, the selenium soil is used as a basic component and can play a role of a binder, and the selenium contained in the selenium soil can improve the disease resistance of plants and play a role in preventing plant diseases; the fly ash plays roles of inhibiting mould and disinfecting, and ensures the normal growth of plants; the perlite is used for adjusting the hardening of the matrix, controlling the fertilizer efficiency and the fertilizer degree and keeping the air permeability and the water permeability of the matrix; the vermiculite can regulate soil, keep the matrix wet, improve the structure of the matrix, store water and preserve soil moisture, and improve the air permeability and the water content of the matrix; urea acts as a nitrogen fertilizer, which provides essential nutrients for plant growth. Meanwhile, the potash feldspar contains silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and the like, and is packaged in a granular form, so that the air permeability of the matrix is favorably maintained, and a required potash fertilizer is provided for plant growth; the inhibitor is selected from a nitrification inhibitor which is matched with urea to prolong the conversion speed of the urea to nitrate nitrogen, avoid the great increase of nitrate ions in a short period, reduce the accumulation of potassium ions in soil and avoid the soil acidification phenomenon (preferably, the inhibitor is selected from 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphoric acid (DMPP), slows down the hydrolysis process of the urea by matching with the urea and potassium feldspar, can realize the slow release of potassium fertilizer, inhibits the conversion of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen, reduces the accumulation of potassium ions in the soil and controls the nitrification action); the potassium feldspar, the perlite and the vermiculite have adsorption effects, so that loss and volatilization of nutrient substances in the matrix can be reduced, and the integral fertilizer utilization rate is improved. In addition, the microbial fertilizer is added, and the compound probiotics, microbial agent nutrients and water are mixed and then are kept stand for 1-5 days at room temperature to obtain the microbial fertilizer; in the process, plant starch is used as a nutrient to culture the composite probiotics and establish a stable flora. And then, uniformly mixing the microbial fertilizer with other components to obtain the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium. In the matrix, potassium-dissolving bacteria can act with potassium feldspar to promote nutrient elements such as insoluble potassium and phosphorus to be converted into soluble nutrients, increase the nutrient content in soil and meet the growth and development requirements of plants; phosphorus is used as an important substance basis for plant growth and development, the phosphorus absorption amount of crops has a remarkable relation with the growth of the crops, the application takes perlite, vermiculite, potash feldspar and the like as the basis, is supplemented with phosphorus-dissolving bacteria, and converts insoluble phosphorus into soluble nutrients through interaction, thereby ensuring phosphorus elements required by the growth and development of the plants; meanwhile, through the matching of the components, the matrix can play the effects of water retention and fertilizer retention.
The nutrient medium provides nutrition for green plants through a small amount of soluble urea and selenium soil in the early growth stage of the plants, and the requirement of the early growth of the plants is ensured; after the plant grows stably, the soluble nutrients in the matrix are also consumed, and at the moment, the matrix and the plant root form a stable microbial colony; the slow release of nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus and the like is realized through the interaction of microbial fertilizer in the microbial colony with perlite, vermiculite and potash feldspar; selenium in the selenium soil is absorbed by plants and then converted into organic selenium, so that the selenium soil can play a role in resisting diseases of plants and ensure the normal growth of green plants; the inhibitor can reduce the accumulation of potassium ions in soil, avoid the occurrence of soil acidification phenomenon, maintain the growth environment of green plants, promote the formation of soil aggregate structures, improve the water content of the soil and reduce the nutrient transport resistance. Through practical determination, the growth rate of plant can be controlled by a wide margin to this application, simplifies subsequent green maintenance operation of planting, reduces artifical maintenance cost to can reduce the green root growing speed of planting, the green root of planting of container on roof, effectively slow down because of plant roots is too flourishing, the roofing or the container destruction problem that lead to.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method and the device can control the growth speed of the plants on the premise of meeting the growth requirements of the plants, and reduce the maintenance cost of the subsequent green plants;
(2) in the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, soil granules are uniform, good water and fertilizer retention effects can be achieved, and normal growth of plants is guaranteed;
(3) in the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, the responsive adsorption force can be improved and the utilization rate of nutrients in the medium can be improved through the interaction among the components;
(4) the components of the application can not cause pollution to the environment, can be repeatedly utilized and have better effect;
(5) the components of the fertilizer can reduce green plant diseases and insect pests and promote the growth of plants;
(6) the composition is reasonable in components and low in cost, can meet the requirement of urban greening, and has high application value;
(7) the method and the device can perform double regulation and control on the external characters and the internal physiological process of the plant, and have a good control effect.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example 1
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of selenium soil, 4 parts of fly ash, 0.05 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.25 part of inhibitor, 5 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite, 0.15 part of urea and 5 parts of potassium feldspar. In the embodiment, the microbial fertilizer is obtained by mixing 1.5 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 30 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrients and 10 parts by weight of water and standing for 5 days at room temperature. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria to phosphorus bacteria is 2.0; the microbial inoculum nutrient is potato extract powder; the inhibitor adopts 3, 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate.
Example 2
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of selenium soil, 5 parts of fly ash, 0.08 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.20 part of inhibitor, 9 parts of perlite, 10 parts of vermiculite, 0.10 part of urea and 4 parts of potassium feldspar. In the embodiment, the microbial fertilizer is obtained by mixing 2.0 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 35 parts by weight of microbial agent nutrient and 10 parts by weight of water and standing at room temperature for 4 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria to phosphorus bacteria is 2.2; the microbial inoculum nutrient is potato extract powder; the inhibitor adopts 3, 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate.
Example 3
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of selenium soil, 2.5 parts of fly ash, 0.08 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.28 part of inhibitor, 10 parts of perlite, 20 parts of vermiculite, 0.08 part of urea and 4 parts of potassium feldspar. In the embodiment, the microbial fertilizer is obtained by mixing 1.8 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 25 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrients and 8 parts by weight of water and standing at room temperature for 3 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria to phosphorus bacteria is 1.6; the microbial inoculum nutrient is a mixture of potato extract powder and malt extract powder, and the ratio of the potato extract powder to the malt extract powder is 1: 1; dicyandiamide is used as an inhibitor.
Example 4
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of selenium soil, 4 parts of fly ash, 0.06 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.10 part of inhibitor, 4 parts of perlite, 8 parts of vermiculite, 0.10 part of urea and 5 parts of potassium feldspar. In the embodiment, the microbial fertilizer is obtained by mixing 1.5 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 25 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrients and 8 parts by weight of water and standing at room temperature for 3 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria to phosphorus bacteria is 1.5; the microbial inoculum nutrient is selected from corn starch; the inhibitor adopts 2-chloro-6- (trichloromethyl) pyridine.
Example 5
Weighing the following components in parts by weight: 26 parts of selenium soil, 2 parts of fly ash, 0.09 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.12 part of inhibitor, 4 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite, 0.15 part of urea and 3 parts of potassium feldspar. In the embodiment, the microbial fertilizer is obtained by mixing 1.2 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 30 parts by weight of microbial inoculum nutrients and 10 parts by weight of water and standing at room temperature for 4 days. In the composite probiotics, the mass ratio of potassium bacteria to phosphorus bacteria is 2.0; the microbial inoculum nutrient is mung bean starch; the inhibitor adopts 2-chloro-6- (trichloromethyl) pyridine.
In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement, the sago cycas and the willow which have the same height and similar growth are selected for testing, the adopted comparative example is common soil, and the observation period is three years; twenty plants were used for each sample, and the average was taken. The same watering measures were used during the test without additional fertilizer. The corresponding effects are shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 measurement results of the height of sago cycas
TABLE 2 measurement results of willow plant height
Meanwhile, the inventor tests the street trees such as juniper, dragon juniper, cedar, masson pine and the like respectively, and the test result shows that: the control on the plant growth height is effectively realized on the premise of meeting the plant growth.
In addition, the inventors have tested with roof green plants. The tested plants are similar in height and growth, and the single test area is 1.5m2Using ordinary soilSoil control, wherein the observation period is three years; twenty groups were selected for each test group. During the test period, the root crossing phenomenon does not occur in the plants cultivated by the nutrient medium; at fifteen months, a group of plant root crossing phenomena appears in the control group; in twenty-two months, seven groups of plants have root crossing phenomenon in the control group, and two groups of green plants are used for damaging the roof in the control group; thirty months later, twelve groups of plants have root crossing phenomenon in the control group, and five groups of green plants causing roof damage in the control group. The test result shows that: the application can effectively slow down the growth of the plant roots on the premise of meeting the growth of the plants.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A arbor and shrub growth-controllable nutrient medium is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of selenium soil, 2-5 parts of fly ash, 0.01-0.1 part of microbial fertilizer, 0.05-0.3 part of inhibitor, 2-10 parts of perlite, 2-20 parts of vermiculite, 0.05-0.2 part of urea and 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar.
2. The matrix of claim 1, wherein the microbial fertilizer is prepared by mixing 1-2 parts by weight of composite probiotics, 20-35 parts by weight of microbial agent nutrient and 5-10 parts by weight of water, and standing for 1-5 days at room temperature; the microbial inoculum nutrient is plant starch.
3. The substrate of claim 1 or 2, wherein the microbial inoculum nutrient is one or more of potato extract, mung bean starch, malt extract and corn starch.
4. The matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite probiotics are potassium bacteria and phosphorus bacteria according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.2-3.
5. A matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inhibitor is a nitrification inhibitor.
6. Use of a controlled growth nutrient medium for trees and shrubs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the nutrient substrate is used as a growth medium for trees, shrubs.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the nutrient substrate is used for the growth of street trees and is operated as follows:
(1) excavating cultivation pits in an area to be transplanted;
(2) spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium to the bottom of the cultivation pit;
(3) after the step 2 is finished, putting the street trees to be transplanted into cultivation pits on which arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates are flatly paved, filling the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates into the cultivation pits, and fixing the street trees through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient substrates; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of the street trees;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
9. Use according to claim 7, wherein the nutrient substrate is used for the growth of green plants on roofs, and is operated as follows:
(a) after the protective layer is arranged on the roof, spreading a layer of arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium on the surface of the protective layer;
(b) b, after the step a is finished, planting the green plants to be transplanted on the tiled arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants;
and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
10. Use according to claim 7, wherein the nutritional substrate is used for plant growth in a container and is operated as follows: placing green plants to be transplanted into a container, filling arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium serving as culture soil into the container, providing nutrition for the green plants in the container through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium, and fixing the green plants through the arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium; after fixation, watering to finish the cultivation of green plants; and (5) watering and maintaining at regular intervals subsequently.
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