CN1131228A - Combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers - Google Patents
Combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers Download PDFInfo
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- CN1131228A CN1131228A CN95110103A CN95110103A CN1131228A CN 1131228 A CN1131228 A CN 1131228A CN 95110103 A CN95110103 A CN 95110103A CN 95110103 A CN95110103 A CN 95110103A CN 1131228 A CN1131228 A CN 1131228A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engine technology. The invented combustion system has a vortex combustion chamber and an open combustion chamber, uses a wall oil-filmtype mixing and space oil-fog type mixing combined composite mixing mode and a compression ignition type and flame ignition type combined composite ignition mode. Said invention can be used for saving energy, protecting environment and widening fuel source of internal combustion engine.
Description
The invention belongs to technical field of internal combustion engines, relate to the high-efficiency and low-pollution combustion system of internal-combustion engine, and relate to the pluralities of fuel internal-combustion engine.
The combustion system of internal-combustion engine has significant effects to the performance of internal-combustion engine each side.In order to make internal-combustion engine reduce fuel consumption, reduce exhaust pollution, to be suitable for the performance that uses pluralities of fuel and improve others, the I. C engine combustion system of various types was once proposed, wherein there are some to succeed in developing and obtained certain effect.Once occurred taking mixing of wall-film formula and space mist of oil formula to mix the combustion system of diesel engine of the combined type hybrid mode that combines, China University Of Tianjin history prosperous diesel engine " combined type " combustion system that waits people's invention that continues for example, relevant paper publishing was in 1981 the 14 Congress International des Machines a Combustion.Can use multiple petroleum fuel after this combustion system of diesel engine using, but not obtain actual effect aspect reduction fuel consume and the minimizing exhaust pollution.In addition, though the relative populations in this combustion system between two-part fuel oil of formation wall-film and formation space mist of oil can utilize the variation of the fuel particles centrifugal force that moves with air swirl in the firing chamber to obtain some adjusting when diesel engine speed changes, but, this two-part fuel oil sprays into the firing chamber because being same oil sprayer with same injection system, therefore the relative populations between them can not be controlled exactly, and can not require rationally to regulate according to the many-side in the diesel engine running, to improve the performance of diesel engine under different operating conditionss.Compression-ignited catching fire and the catch fire combustion system of diesel engine of the combined type ignition mode that combines of electrical spark Spark ignition type also once appearred taking, the combustion system of the FM diesel engine of for example German MAN company, relevant paper publishing are in the German MTZ in one nine seven two year August on the 33rd the 8th phase of volume.Also can use multiple petroleum fuel after this combustion system of diesel engine using, and overcome the shortcoming of cold start difficulty, but not obtain positive effect aspect reduction fuel consume and the minimizing exhaust pollution.In addition,, on the diesel engine that adopts this combustion system, need special spark ignition systems is set, cause the complicated of diesel engine structure and use and management in order to realize spark ignition.The combustion system of diesel engine of double combustion chamber also appearred having not long ago, the combustion system of the refreshing 6MUH28 of the Diesel Engine Plant diesel engine of for example Japanese slope, and relevant paper publishing was in 1979 the 13 Congress International des Machines a Combustion.Main combustion chamber in this combustion system and common open combustion chamber are without any different; Combustion process in the subsidiary combustion chamber begins laterly than the combustion process in the main combustion chamber, it in main combustion chamber produce a kind of rough air that sprays into main combustion chamber behind the fire burns, quicken the burning in combustion process later stage in the main combustion chamber with this, do not have other effect in addition.After this combustion system of diesel engine using, some pollutant component in its exhaust reduces to some extent, but other various performances do not improve, and can not use pluralities of fuel.
The present invention proposes a kind of and existing different new combustion system of various I. C engine combustion systems, its purpose is to remedy the deficiency of existing I. C engine combustion system, make internal-combustion engine reduce fuel consume, reduce exhaust pollution, be suitable for using pluralities of fuel and improving that other aspect of performance can be obtained more comprehensively and more obvious effect, and overcome some shortcomings that existing I. C engine combustion system exists.
Technological scheme of the present invention can be illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1 is the sketch of this combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers proposed by the invention, in order to structure and the working principle of representing this combustion system; Fig. 2 analyses and observe and plan view for the piston head that constitutes the open combustion chamber lower wall in this combustion system, in order to represent the structure shape of this piston head.As seen from Figure 1, the turbulence chamber of a sphere is arranged in cylinder head, between cylinder head bottom and piston head an open combustion chamber is arranged, its upper wall and lower wall promptly are made of cylinder head bottom and piston head.Be connected with a passage between two firing chambers.Above-mentioned turbulence chamber and open combustion chamber respectively have the injection system of oneself.Only express two oil sprayers in the injection system of two firing chambers among the figure.An oil sprayer is contained in the oil injector seat hole on turbulence chamber right side, between the center of its center line and firing chamber diameter of Spherical Volume bigger offset distance is arranged.Another oil sprayer is contained in the oil injector seat hole of open combustion chamber (position in this hole on cylinder head a side) relative with turbulence chamber, takes less angle between its center line gas and the cylinder cap bottom surface.In the compression stroke later stage of internal-combustion engine, the injection system commencement of fuel injection of turbulence chamber.Because the center of the center line bias combustion chamber diameter of Spherical Volume of oil sprayer, therefore most of fuel oil is injected on the combustion chamber wall surface, and launches on wall by means of the air swirl in the firing chamber, forms oil film.A small amount of fuel oil is sent forth in the space of this firing chamber, forms mist of oil.Have at chamber wall under the situation of high enough temp, the oil film on the wall evaporates and the air mixing in the chamber therewith under the help of eddy current in the firing chamber gradually.Subsequently, another injection system sprays into open combustion chamber to the less relatively fuel oil of quantity.Because this oil sprayer is an axle type single hole oil sprayer, so the oily beam ratio comparatively dense of ejection.Yet, strike the inclined-plane boss [2] of piston head when this fuel spray after, it is just further pulverized, and changes direction, is refracted into the pit [3] that is arranged in piston head, diffusion is therein come.When piston stroking upward, two waist shape end faces [1] are clamp-oned the extruding swirl that causes thus in the pit [3] to the air of their tops and are helped the fuel oil air mixing in the pit therewith.(waist shape end face above-mentioned [1], inclined-plane boss [2], pit [3] are referring to Fig. 2).In the cylinder of compression stroke end under the high temperature action of air, spraying near a certain moment (generally with crank angle represent) of this part indoor fuel oil of open port firing upper dead center at first catches fire, and makes the pressure and temperature rising this firing chamber in.The original gas that flows into turbulence chamber under certain pressure reduction from open combustion chamber is because of the further raising of open port firing room pressure quickens to flow into turbulence chamber.The flame that enters turbulence chamber with high velocity air is lighted this chamber intermediate fuel oil steam and Air mixing gas.Because of burnt gas in the open combustion chamber enter with the turbulence chamber intermediate fuel oil the temperature that improved of fire burns make the fuel oil accelerated evaporation that still is in the oil film state on this locular wall face, participate in burning.So just improved the velocity of combustion in the turbulence chamber, made the pressure fast rising in this chamber.At this moment the less relatively fuel oil major part of quantity finishing combustion in the open combustion chamber, the pressure in the chamber rises slower.When the pressure of rising was above the pressure in the open combustion chamber rapidly in the turbulence chamber, gas transferred to flow to open combustion chamber from turbulence chamber, causes rough air in this firing chamber.The agitation of this air-flow can make the later stage of combustion process in the open combustion chamber carry out more perfectly and rapid.
The combustion space shape of open combustion chamber should help spraying into the fuel oil of this chamber and wherein air mixing, and helps producing therein reasonably from the air-flow that turbulence chamber flows into this chamber and flow, so that the burning in combustion process later stage improves and quickens.The shape of this part combustion space depends mainly on the structure of piston head.According to these requirements, the piston head in this combustion system proposed by the invention is taked structure as shown in Figure 2.Piston head middle part have its width of a pit [3] and the degree of depth from left to right (from drawing) enlarge gradually, be beneficial to fuel spray and spread therein.The left of pit has an inclined-plane boss [2], and its effect can also make the oil bundle be refracted in the above-mentioned pit except that the oil bundle that makes the oil sprayer ejection is clashed into and go.There is a guiding gutter [5] on pit right-hand, and the inclination angle of bottom land and turbulence chamber connecting passage adapt, with air-flow open combustion chamber the Rational flow of guiding from the turbulence chamber ejection.There are two waist shape end faces [1] both sides of pit, and the periphery of two end faces respectively has a limit groove [4].The air-flow that enters open combustion chamber from turbulence chamber is separating to both sides after right-to-left is by pit, flows in two limit grooves, by going into pit from right-hand time again behind these two limit grooves.Gas is circulated, to promote open combustion chamber intermediate fuel oil and Air mixing in limit groove and pit.Another effect of this both sides groove is the periphery opening that makes piston top clearance space (space between two waist shape end faces and the cylinder head bottom surface), make the portion of air of being blocked originally in this space by pit in the higher gas of pressure drive in two grooves, with gas flow in the groove, and mix with wherein imperfect combustion fuel oil, to improve and to quicken its burning.
By the above as seen, this combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers is taked the wall-film formula that realizes in turbulence chamber to mix with the space mist of oil formula that realizes in open combustion chamber to mix the combined type hybrid mode that combines, and the compression-ignited combined type ignition mode of taking to realize in open combustion chamber that catches fire and catch fire and combine with flame ignition formula real in turbulence chamber.
Two of turbulence chamber and open combustion chamber independently also have Injection Pump, fuel tank, oil purifier (perhaps also having oil transfer pump) and the connecting tube between them in the injection system separately except that oil sprayer is arranged, these equipment are provided with in Fig. 1 and draw.Their layout needs to determine according to the concrete structure of internal-combustion engine with being connected.
Because respectively there is independently injection system two firing chambers, therefore might control accurately the relative populations between two-part fuel oil that infeeds two firing chambers, also can control the relative populations between two-part fuel oil that forms mist of oil and formation oil film therefrom.So just can require the relative populations between this two-part fuel oil is rationally regulated, to reach the purpose of optimizing the performance of internal-combustion engine under different runnabilitys according to the difference in the internal combustion engine operation process.Similarly, because respectively there is independently injection system two firing chambers, therefore can supply with different fuel oils with them to two firing chambers where necessary.For the high temperature that makes the fuel oil that infeeds open combustion chamber be easy to air in the cylinder of compression stroke end is descending fire burns, can select for use fire behaviour preferably fuel oil infeed this firing chamber.
In this combustion system that the present invention proposes, most of fuel oil is sprayed into to be taked in the turbulence chamber that the wall-film formula mixes.This hybrid mode that take this firing chamber can make fuel oil and Air mixing obtain good quality, therefore can make the combustion process of these fuel oils carry out fairly perfectly and rapid; Again because two combustions have the above synergistic effect between the chambers, mixing and burning process in two firing chambers is further improved and quickens; In addition, the optimization of the said structure aspect of piston head also can make the mixing and burning process obtain to a certain degree improvement and acceleration.These factors can both cause the reduction of fuel of internal combustion engine consumption rate, thereby make the internal-combustion engine that adopts this combustion system be better than adopting the internal-combustion engine of the same type of conventional combustion system at the aspect of performance that reduces fuel consume.
In this combustion system proposed by the invention, most of fuel oil burns in turbulence chamber.As everyone knows, the quantity of contained nitrogen oxide (NOx), unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide pollutant components such as (CO) is all lower than most other pattern internal-combustion engines (refer to minority antechamber compression ignition engine except other pattern internal-combustion engine) in the exhaust of eddy cell type internal-combustion engine.Adopt the internal-combustion engine of this combustion system proposed by the invention, the quantity survey of contained above-mentioned various pollutant components will be approaching with the eddy cell type internal-combustion engine in its exhaust, that is to say all lower than most other pattern internal-combustion engines.In addition, because most of fuel oil is taked wall-film formula hybrid mode in this combustion system, and this hybrid mode can reduce the soot that fuel oil produces because of thermolysis effectively, therefore adopt the internal-combustion engine of this combustion system, the smoke intensity of its exhaust will be lower than other pattern internal-combustion engine, and the quantity of contained soot particle in the exhaust (is the particulate that main component forms with the soot particle) also will be lower than other pattern internal-combustion engine.According to the above, adopt the internal-combustion engine of this combustion system will be better than most other pattern internal-combustion engines at the aspect of performance that reduces exhaust pollution.
In this combustion system proposed by the invention, most of fuel oil is to burn under the condition of taking the wall-film formula to mix.As everyone knows, in existing various internal-combustion engines, take the internal-combustion engine of wall-film formula hybrid mode to have the best performance that uses pluralities of fuel, that is to say that this internal-combustion engine is suitable for using various oil and non-petroleum fuel that fire behaviour and other quality index differ greatly.In this combustion system proposed by the invention, except that taking wall-film formula hybrid mode, also take flame ignition formula ignition mode, therefore adopt the internal-combustion engine of this combustion system, its performance that is suitable for using pluralities of fuel will be also better than other various internal-combustion engines of taking wall-film formula hybrid mode.
In this combustion system that the present invention proposes, turbulence chamber is taked the mixing of wall-film formula and is lighted wherein established oily vapour and Air mixing gas and quicken all the other evaporations of not evaporating wall-film and oily vapour and Air mixing with burning things which may cause a fire disaster and energy (promptly flowing into the heat energy that high-temperature gas had and the kinetic energy of turbulence chamber from open combustion chamber) that open combustion chamber provides, therefore can overcome and take the existing cold start difficulty of internal-combustion engine that general wall-film formula mixes (because of being in the internal-combustion engine of cold conditions, the temperature of its combustion chamber wall surface is low, oil film on the wall is difficult for evaporation) and low-load, performance under the slow-speed of revolution operation is bad (because of the internal-combustion engine low-load, the speed of eddy current is not high enough in the temperature of slow-speed of revolution when operation combustion chamber wall surface and the firing chamber, and the fuel film vaporization speed on the wall is slow) etc. shortcoming.As previously mentioned, this combustion system can also require the relative populations that infeeds open combustion chamber and infeed between two-part fuel oil of turbulence chamber is rationally regulated according to the difference in the internal combustion engine operation process.Utilize this advantage can also further improve internal-combustion engine not with the performance under the operating conditions.Specifically, as only supplying with fuel oil and do not supply with fuel oil when the internal-combustion engine cold start to turbulence chamber to open combustion chamber, then can further improve the cold start performance of internal-combustion engine, make it the cold start performance that adopts the internal-combustion engine of open combustion chamber near general.In addition, as relatively increasing the fuel amount of supplying with to open combustion chamber when moving and reduce the fuel amount of supplying with to turbulence chamber, then can further improve the performance that internal-combustion engine moves under low-load, the slow-speed of revolution in internal-combustion engine low-load, the slow-speed of revolution.
The various combustion systems of other of Chu Xianing are provided with that a kind of internal-combustion engine that can make and are simultaneously reducing fuel consume, reducing exhaust pollution and be suitable for using and all have good performance aspect these three of the pluralities of fuels up to now.This combustion system that the present invention proposes can make internal-combustion engine have this many-sided performance, this just makes the internal-combustion engine that adopts this combustion system can meet recent needs can meet needs at a specified future date again, and existing wide Applicable scope has long-range application prospect again.Still can obtain under the situation of regular supply at current petroleum fuel, apply the purpose that this internal-combustion engine can reach energy saving and protection environment.Apply this internal-combustion engine and can also reach the purpose that enlarges the motor fuel source, and for future petroleum resources gradually the exhaustion petroleum fuel make internal-combustion engine use various non-petroleum fuels instead when supply falls short of demand to do necessary preparation.
About realizing mode of the present invention, the claimant thinks current should transform existing eddy formula diesel engine as main mode with the technological scheme that proposes by the present invention.Take this mode can make the easier realization of the present invention, more early be applied.After the certain experience of accumulation, again the present invention is applied to manufacture and design new internal-combustion engine.In homemade diesel engine, belong to nine kinds of model multi-cylinder diesel engines of 75～105 millimeters of nine kinds of model single cylinder diesels that 65～105 millimeters of cylinder bores are arranged of swirl chamber diesel and cylinder bores.Wherein most as agrimotor and automobile and tractor motor.These diesel engines all have urgent requirement to reducing fuel consume.Transportation diesel has wherein also proposed more and more higher requirement to reducing exhaust pollution.In addition, some diesel engine of using in rural area and outlying district wherein, according to the fuel source of locality, may be to using coal tar oil and plant wet goods pluralities of fuel has special needs.Therefore, with the technological scheme that the present invention proposes these diesel engines being transformed, made it to reduce fuel consume, reduce exhaust pollution, be suitable for using pluralities of fuel, is the important channel that makes this invention obtain applying.
Consider that 195 type single cylinder diesels are maximum, most widely used a kind of products of output in domestic various types of diesel engine, so the claimant has selected at first this diesel engine as the object of transforming by technological scheme of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the main constituent elements of improved 195 diesel engine combustion systems, wherein is provided with various device and connecting tube that injection system is shown.Compare with the original structure of this diesel engine, what change was structurally arranged in each parts shown in the figure has only cylinder head and two parts of piston, and the change of being done is little.On cylinder head, just hang bell turbulence chamber and make spherical turbulence chamber into original, the position in turbulence chamber oil injector seat hole has been moved on to the sidepiece of cylinder head from the top of cylinder head, the opposite side of this external cylinder head (side relative with turbulence chamber) has increased the seat hole of a dress open combustion chamber oil sprayer.The just structure of piston head that needs to change on piston just makes original piston head into structure shown in Figure 2.Aspect injection system, original turbulence chamber injection system does not need to do other any change except that aforesaid change is done in the position of oil sprayer.For another injection system that open combustion chamber increases is made up of the driving mechanism of oil sprayer, Injection Pump, high-pressure oil pipe and Injection Pump.Used identical of oil sprayer wherein, Injection Pump, high-pressure oil pipe and former 195 diesel engines can have been bought on market.Have only the Injection Pump driving mechanism to need oneself to manufacture and design.It is made up of a cam bit, one section camshaft and a cam box.Cam bit can have been bought (maybe can entrust the special manufacturer to make) on market, it is fixed with key after being contained on the camshaft.Camshaft is one section d-axis, is connected in the front end of the former camshaft of diesel engine after making.Cam box is a simple cast iron casing that profile is little, and cam bit and axle thereof are mounted in it, and the Injection Pump dress that is cam-driven thereon.Such Injection Pump driving mechanism is made, and use condition is good.Above-mentioned example shows that the transformation of existing diesel being carried out by technological scheme of the present invention is feasible.
Claims (4)
1. combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers, it has two relatively independent mutual again associated firing chambers, respectively there is the injection system of oneself two firing chambers, be connected with a passage between two firing chambers, it is characterized in that: two firing chambers of this combustion system are a turbulence chamber and the open combustion chambers between cylinder head bottom and piston head in cylinder head, this combustion system takes the wall-film formula that realizes in turbulence chamber to mix the combined type hybrid mode that combines with the space mist of oil formula mixing that realizes in open combustion chamber, and the compression-ignited flame ignition formula of taking to realize in open combustion chamber of catching fire and realizing in the turbulence chamber combined type ignition mode that catches fire and combine.
2. by the described combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the turbulence chamber that this combustion system had is taked wall-film formula hybrid mode and flame ignition formula ignition mode, the oil sprayer of this firing chamber is contained in the oil injector seat hole of firing chamber sidepiece, bigger offset distance is arranged between the center of its center line and firing chamber diameter of Spherical Volume, so that oil sprayer can be sprayed onto fuel oil on the combustion chamber wall surface, form wall-film, oily vapour in this firing chamber and Air mixing gas utilize the flame that produces in the open combustion chamber to light.
3. by the described combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the open combustion chamber that this combustion system had, lower wall is made of cylinder head bottom and piston head respectively on it, the oil sprayer of this firing chamber is contained in the oil injector seat hole of a relative side with turbulence chamber on the cylinder head, take less angle between its center line and the cylinder head bottom surface, be refracted in the pit [3] at piston head middle part behind inclined-plane boss [2] bump of the fuel spray of oil sprayer ejection from then on and piston head, the fuel oil that is further atomized because of being impacted spreads in this pit and and air mixing.
4. by the described combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the piston head that constitutes the open combustion chamber lower wall in this combustion system, from left to right (from drawing) pit [3] of enlarging gradually of a width and the degree of depth is arranged at its middle part, the left of this pit has an inclined-plane boss [2], right-hand have a guiding gutter [5], respectively there is a waist shape end face [1] both sides of this pit, and it is L shaped limit groove [4] that the periphery of two waist shape end faces respectively has a cross section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95110103A CN1059254C (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1995-03-10 | Combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95110103A CN1059254C (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1995-03-10 | Combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1131228A true CN1131228A (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| CN1059254C CN1059254C (en) | 2000-12-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN95110103A Expired - Fee Related CN1059254C (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1995-03-10 | Combustion system of internal combustion engine with two combustion chambers |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100410508C (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2008-08-13 | 天津大学 | Combustion system of compressed ignition gaseous propellant engine and composite air supply method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105986891B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2018-12-25 | 陈小辉 | Energy saving one-dimensional internal combustion engine |
| CN106150690B (en) * | 2015-03-15 | 2018-12-18 | 陈小辉 | Improved energy-saving one-dimensional internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1032382C (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 1996-07-24 | 华中理工大学 | Variable passage swirl chamber type combustion chamber |
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1995
- 1995-03-10 CN CN95110103A patent/CN1059254C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100410508C (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2008-08-13 | 天津大学 | Combustion system of compressed ignition gaseous propellant engine and composite air supply method thereof |
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| CN1059254C (en) | 2000-12-06 |
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