CN113106794A - Train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device and collision energy-absorbing method - Google Patents
Train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device and collision energy-absorbing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113106794A CN113106794A CN202110577815.6A CN202110577815A CN113106794A CN 113106794 A CN113106794 A CN 113106794A CN 202110577815 A CN202110577815 A CN 202110577815A CN 113106794 A CN113106794 A CN 113106794A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B26/00—Tracks or track components not covered by any one of the preceding groups
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B26/00—Tracks or track components not covered by any one of the preceding groups
- E01B26/005—Means for fixing posts, barriers, fences or the like to rails
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
- E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
- E01F15/0407—Metal rails
- E01F15/0438—Spacers between rails and posts, e.g. energy-absorbing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, a derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device and a collision energy-absorbing method, wherein the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel comprises an anti-collision barrel body and a support rod, the anti-collision barrel body comprises a damping buffer layer, a main energy-absorbing layer, a destabilization inhibition energy-absorbing layer and a polymer buffer layer which are sequentially surrounded from inside to outside, a damping energy-absorbing rod is arranged between the damping buffer layer and the polymer buffer layer, the damping energy-absorbing rod penetrates through the main energy-absorbing layer and the destabilization inhibition energy-absorbing layer, the support rod is arranged in the damping buffer layer in a penetrating mode, and two ends of the support rod extend out of two ends of the anti-collision. The train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel and the derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device have a multistage energy-absorbing structure, can obviously absorb the collision kinetic energy after the train derails, reduce the load transmitted to passengers, realize the secondary collision protection of the passengers, guide the derailed train and prevent the train from rushing out of a line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit safety, in particular to a train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, a derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device and a collision energy-absorbing method.
Background
In China, in order to reduce the occupied area when a railway, particularly a high-speed railway, is built, a viaduct mode is usually adopted. The average percentage of bridge structures on the high-speed railway line in China is about 50%. When a train has a derailment accident at a bridge section, once the train rushes out of a bridge floor and falls into the bridge bottom, the huge impact force of the train can bring serious casualties and property loss, for example, a 7.23-corridor motor train unit accident, the train falls off the bridge, and the casualties of passengers and the rescue difficulty of the passengers are greatly increased.
In order to prevent the train from falling off the bridge when the train is derailed, the bridge is generally provided with a concrete protective wall in China. However, the concrete protective wall has high rigidity and poor buffering and energy absorbing effects, and generates huge impact force on a train when colliding with a derailed train, so that the collision casualty risk of passengers is aggravated. In addition, in an area with a large derailment risk such as a curved road section, when the train is derailed, the train collides with surrounding infrastructure, and secondary collision of passengers is increased.
In order to solve the problem of large impact force of train derailment collision, some researchers have made some researches. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN108625283A entitled "a semi-rigid guardrail for high speed railroad bridges" describes a semi-rigid guardrail that can be elastically and plastically deformed during a train derailment collision, but the guardrail has a poor guiding function and can reduce the casualties of passengers to some extent, but the impact acceleration acting on the train is still large.
In summary, the existing railway derailment collision protection devices all have certain disadvantages and need further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, a derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device and a collision energy-absorbing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, according to one aspect of the invention, the anti-collision barrel comprises an anti-collision barrel body and a support rod, wherein the anti-collision barrel body comprises a damping buffer layer, a main energy absorption layer, a destabilization inhibition energy absorption layer and a polymer buffer layer which are sequentially surrounded from inside to outside, a damping energy absorption rod is arranged between the damping buffer layer and the polymer buffer layer, the damping energy absorption rod penetrates through the main energy absorption layer and the destabilization inhibition energy absorption layer, the support rod is arranged in the damping buffer layer in a penetrating manner, and two ends of the support rod extend out of two ends of the anti-collision barrel body.
Furthermore, the main energy absorption layer is made of honeycomb aluminum, the instability suppression energy absorption layer is of a lattice sandwich energy absorption structure, and the polymer buffer layer is made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene blend elastic composite material.
Furthermore, the barrel body is internally provided with a plurality of groups of damping energy-absorbing rods at intervals along the length direction of the damping buffer layer, and each group of damping energy-absorbing rods comprises a plurality of damping energy-absorbing rods uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the damping buffer layer.
According to another aspect of the invention, an energy-absorbing device for train derailment collision is provided, which comprises a protective guard, wherein a plurality of train derailment rotary collision-proof barrels are arranged on the protective guard side by side, and two ends of a support rod in each train derailment rotary collision-proof barrel are rotatably arranged on the protective guard through bearings.
Furthermore, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrels are divided into a front anti-collision barrel group and a rear anti-collision barrel group, a support rod in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group is connected with a rotary generator through a first transmission gear, the rotary generator is connected with an electricity storage module, a support rod in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel of the rear anti-collision barrel group is connected with an electric motor through a second transmission gear, and the electric motor is connected with the electricity storage module.
Furthermore, the train derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device also comprises a control module, a pressure sensor is arranged in a polymer buffer layer in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group, and the pressure sensor and the electricity storage module are both connected with the control module.
Furthermore, the protective guard comprises an upper corrugated energy absorption plate and a lower corrugated energy absorption plate, the upper end and the lower end of the supporting rod are respectively installed on the back surfaces of the upper corrugated energy absorption plate and the lower corrugated energy absorption plate through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the anti-collision barrel body is located between the upper corrugated energy absorption plate and the lower corrugated energy absorption plate.
Furthermore, a bearing is buried in the roadbed below the supporting rod, and the lower end of the supporting rod extends into the roadbed and is rotatably arranged in the bearing of the roadbed.
Furthermore, solar panel is installed at the top of bracing piece, and solar panel is connected with the electricity storage module.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for absorbing energy during train derailment collision is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
the train derails and collides with the front anti-collision barrel group, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel in the front anti-collision barrel group rotates positively under the action of collision force, and the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel absorbs collision kinetic energy and guides the running direction of the derailed train; the first transmission gear drives the rotary generator to work to generate electric energy in the rotating process of the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, and the electric energy generated by the rotary generator and the solar panel is stored in the electricity storage module;
the pressure sensor arranged in the front anti-collision barrel group detects the impact force of a train on the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel and sends an impact force intensity signal to the control module, the control module sends an instruction to the electricity storage module, the electricity storage module is controlled to supply power to the motor connected with the rear anti-collision barrel group, and the motor drives the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel in the rear anti-collision barrel group to reversely rotate before the anti-collision barrel group impacts the train through the second transmission gear;
when the train collides to the rear anti-collision barrel group, the rear anti-collision barrel group reversely rotating in advance is used for collision energy absorption, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the protective device is increased, and the running direction of the derailed train is guided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel provided by the invention has a multistage energy absorption structure, can obviously absorb the collision kinetic energy of a train after derailing through the rotation of the anti-collision barrel and the multilayer energy absorption structure, reduces the load transmitted to passengers, realizes the secondary collision protection of the passengers, can guide the derailed train, and prevents the train from directly rushing out of a line.
(2) According to the train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device, the train derailment rotary collision-preventing barrel and the corrugated energy-absorbing plate are combined to realize double protection, so that a train can be prevented from rushing out of a line after high-speed derailment.
(3) According to the energy-absorbing protection device for train derailing collision, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrels are divided into the front group and the rear group, kinetic energy after the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrels are converted into rotary energy of the rotary anti-collision barrels before the train collides, the rotary energy is further converted into electric energy to supply power to the motor, the rotary anti-collision barrels in the rear anti-collision barrel group are driven to rotate reversely in advance, and the collision energy after the train derailing is better absorbed while waste is changed into wealth.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of an energy-absorbing protection device for train derailment collision in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the back of the train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the connection of the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel, the second transmission gear and the motor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic layout view of the damping energy absorption rods inside the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a lattice interlayer energy absorption structure instability suppression energy absorption layer in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the force applied to the train derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device after the train derails and impacts.
Fig. 7 is a multi-stage energy absorption flow chart of the train derailment collision energy absorption protection device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a working flow chart of the energy-absorbing and protecting device for train derailment collision for generating power and driving the rear anti-collision barrel set to rotate reversely.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. an anti-collision barrel body; 2. a support bar; 3. protecting the fence; 4. a front anti-collision barrel group; 5. a rear anti-collision barrel group; 6. a first drive gear; 7. a rotating generator; 8. an electricity storage module; 9. a second transmission gear; 10. an electric motor; 11. a damping buffer layer; 12. a primary energy absorbing layer; 13. a destabilization-inhibiting energy-absorbing layer; 14. a polymer buffer layer; 15. damping energy absorption rods; 31. an upper corrugated energy absorbing plate; 32. lower ripple energy-absorbing board.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and in the claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the intention is to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships are changed accordingly.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel according to the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises an anti-collision barrel body 1 and a support rod 2. The anti-collision barrel body 1 comprises a damping buffer layer 11, a main energy absorption layer 12, a destabilization inhibition energy absorption layer 13 and a polymer buffer layer 14 which are compounded in a surrounding manner from inside to outside; a damping energy absorption rod 15 is fixedly connected between the damping buffer layer 11 and the polymer buffer layer 14, the damping energy absorption rod 15 penetrates through the main energy absorption layer 12 and the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13, the support rod 2 penetrates through the damping buffer layer 11, two ends of the support rod 2 extend out of two ends of the anti-collision barrel body 1, and the damping buffer layer 11 is fixedly connected with the support rod 2.
When the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel is used, the upper end and the lower end of the support rod 2 are rotatably arranged on the protective guard 3, and the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel can rotate when the train collides with the rotary anti-collision barrel. The anti-collision barrel body 1 of the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel adopts a damping buffer layer 11, a main energy absorption layer 12, a destabilization inhibition energy absorption layer 13 and a polymer buffer layer 14 which are compounded in sequence from inside to outside, and a damping energy absorption rod 15 is arranged to penetrate through the main energy absorption layer 12 and the destabilization inhibition energy absorption layer 13 to form a multistage energy absorption protection structure; the polymer buffer layer 14 is arranged on the outermost layer of the anti-collision barrel body 1 so as to realize the anti-collision and wear-resistant functions of the outermost layer of the anti-collision barrel; the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 is arranged on the second layer of the anti-collision barrel body 1, due to the fact that the mass of a train is large and the impact kinetic energy is high, the train can drive the train to derail and rotate the anti-collision barrel after impacting the rotating anti-collision barrel, the stress area of the anti-collision barrel changes, the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 has ideal strain behavior under the action of strong impact load, dynamic instability and other phenomena cannot occur, when dynamic impact is received, the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 is subjected to ordered large plastic deformation, instability of the anti-collision barrel is suppressed, and impact kinetic energy is absorbed in a large amount; the main energy absorbing layer 12 is arranged on the third layer of the anti-collision barrel body 1, the energy absorption efficiency is high, the compression limit exists, after the instability suppression energy absorbing layer 13 is deformed and absorbed in order, the main energy absorbing layer 12 further bears impact load to absorb impact kinetic energy, and the compression limit of the main energy absorbing layer 12 can ensure that the integrity of the rotary anti-collision barrel is not damaged, so that a train is prevented from breaking the rotary anti-collision barrel; the damping buffer layer 11 is fixedly connected with the support rod 2 and used for absorbing excessive collision energy, protecting the support rod 2 and preventing the support rod 2 from buckling; the damping energy absorption rod 15 can provide a crushing guide function for the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 and the main energy absorption layer 12 while absorbing collision energy, and prevent the unbalance loading failure of the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 and the main energy absorption layer 12. The train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel has a multistage energy absorption structure, can absorb the collision kinetic energy of a derailed train in multistage, obviously absorbs the collision kinetic energy of the derailed train, reduces the load transmitted to passengers, and can guide the running direction of the derailed train through the rotation effect to prevent the train from directly rushing out of a line.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the main energy absorbing layer 12 is made of honeycomb aluminum, and the honeycomb aluminum is filled between the damping buffer layer 11 and the buckling-restrained energy absorbing layer 13 along the inner circumferential direction of the crash bucket body 1. The honeycomb aluminum material has high energy absorption efficiency and a compression limit, after the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 is deformed and absorbed in order, the honeycomb aluminum can further bear impact load to absorb impact kinetic energy, and the compression limit of the honeycomb aluminum material can ensure that the integrity of the rotary anti-collision barrel is not damaged, so that a train is effectively prevented from breaking through the rotary anti-collision barrel. The energy absorbing layer 13 adopts a lattice sandwich energy absorbing structure (as shown in fig. 5), the lattice sandwich energy absorbing structure has ideal strain behavior under the action of strong impact load, and dynamic instability and other phenomena can not occur, when dynamic impact is received, lattice core materials in the lattice sandwich energy absorbing structure are subjected to ordered large plastic deformation, so that the instability of the anti-collision barrel is inhibited, and a large amount of impact kinetic energy is absorbed. The high-molecular buffer layer 14 is made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene blend elastic composite material, and can effectively realize the outermost anti-collision and wear-resistant functions of the anti-collision barrel.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, a plurality of groups of damping energy-absorbing rods 15 are arranged at intervals in the anti-collision barrel body 1 along the length direction of the damping buffer layer 11, and each group of damping energy-absorbing rods 15 includes a plurality of damping energy-absorbing rods 15 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the damping buffer layer 11. So set up, can provide the conquassation direction function for unstability suppression energy-absorbing layer 13 and main energy-absorbing layer 12 through multiunit damping energy-absorbing pole 15, effectively prevent the unbalance loading of unstability suppression energy-absorbing layer 13 and main energy-absorbing layer 12 and become invalid.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, a train derailing collision energy-absorbing protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a protective guard 3, a plurality of train derailing rotary anti-collision barrels according to the above embodiment 1 of the present invention are mounted on the protective guard 3 side by side, and both ends of a support rod 2 in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel are rotatably mounted on the protective guard 3 through bearings. The specific structure of the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel is described in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
According to the train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device, a plurality of train derailment rotary collision-proof barrels are rotatably arranged on the protective fence 3 side by side; when a train derails and impacts a train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, the multi-stage energy absorption structure and the protective guard 3 in the anti-collision barrel body 1 can absorb the collision kinetic energy of the derailed train in a multi-stage manner, so that the collision kinetic energy of the derailed train is obviously absorbed, and the load transmitted to passengers is reduced; and the running direction of the derailed train can be guided by the rotating action of the train derailing rotating anti-collision barrel, so that the train is prevented from directly rushing out of the line.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6 and fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the train derailing rotating collision-prevention buckets on the guard rail 3 are divided into two groups, i.e., a front collision-prevention bucket group 4 and a rear collision-prevention bucket group 5. The support rod 2 in each rotary anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group 4 is connected with a rotary generator 7 through a pair of first transmission gears 6, and the rotary generator 7 is driven to generate electricity through the rotation of the support rod 2 (namely the rotation of the rotary anti-collision barrel); the rotary generator 7 is connected with an electricity storage module 8, and the generated electric energy is stored in the electricity storage module 8; the support rod 2 in each rotary anti-collision barrel of the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 is connected with a motor 10 through a pair of second transmission gears 9, the motor 10 is connected with the electricity storage module 8, and power is supplied to the motor 10 through the electricity storage module 8 to drive the rotary anti-collision barrels in the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 to rotate reversely (opposite to the rotation direction of the front anti-collision barrel group 4).
Referring to fig. 6, by adopting the arrangement of the rotary anti-collision barrels of the front anti-collision barrel group 4 and the rear anti-collision barrel group 5, after the train derails, the front anti-collision barrel group 4 is impacted by a certain impact angle theta to enable the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel therein to rotate forward, and the force applied on the derailed train by the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel can be decomposed into a longitudinal rolling friction force Fx and a transverse pressure force Fy. In the collision process, the rotation action of the rotary anti-collision barrel can rapidly drive the impact angle theta of the out-of-control train to be reduced, so that the transverse pressure Fy between the train and the rotary anti-collision barrel is reduced; meanwhile, the longitudinal friction force between the train and the rotary anti-collision barrel is rolling friction force which is far smaller than the sliding friction force between the traditional concrete protective wall and a workshop out of control, so that the transverse load and the longitudinal load acting on the train can be reduced simultaneously.
Meanwhile, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel is divided into a front anti-collision barrel group and a rear anti-collision barrel group along a railway line, the front anti-collision barrel group 4 rotates forwards under the action of train impact force, and the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 rotates backwards in advance under the driving of the motor 10, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the device can be further improved. The specific working process is as follows: after a train collides with the front anti-collision barrel group 4, the front anti-collision barrel group 4 rotates forwards under the action of collision force and drives the rotary generator 7 connected with the front anti-collision barrel group 4 to generate electric energy through the first transmission gear 6, the electric energy generated by the rotary generator 7 is stored in the electricity storage module 8, the electricity storage module 8 supplies power to the motor 10, the motor 10 drives the rotary anti-collision barrel in the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 to rotate backwards in advance through the second transmission gear 9, when the train collides with the rear anti-collision barrel group 5, the rotary direction of the rotary anti-collision barrel is opposite to the rotary direction of the rotary anti-collision barrel driven by the train, and therefore the energy absorption efficiency of the train can be greatly improved.
Further, in this embodiment, the derailment collision energy-absorbing protector further comprises a control module (not shown in the figure); a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) is also installed in the polymer buffer layer 14 in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group 4, and the pressure sensor and the electricity storage module 8 are both connected with the control module. When the train runs off the track and collides with the front anti-collision barrel group 4, the pressure sensor arranged in the outer layer of the front rotary anti-collision barrel receives an external force impact signal and sends the strength of the impact external force to the control module, the control module sends a signal to the electricity storage module 8, the reset switch of the electricity storage module 8 is turned on, a working signal is sent to the motor 10 connected with the rotary anti-collision barrel in the rear anti-collision barrel group 5, and the motor 10 drives the rear rotary anti-collision barrel to rotate reversely (opposite to the rotation direction of the front anti-collision barrel group 4) through the second transmission gear 9 in advance.
The first transmission gear 6 is a bevel gear set, one gear is fixedly connected with a support rod of the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel, and the other gear is fixedly connected with an input shaft of the rotary generator 7. The second transmission gear 9 is also a bevel gear set, wherein one gear is fixedly connected with a support rod of the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel, and the other gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 10. By adopting the bevel gear sets with different moduli, the gear set design with high transmission ratio can be realized, and the working efficiency of the rotary generator 7 and the motor 10 is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the guard rail 3 includes an upper corrugated energy absorbing plate 31 and a lower corrugated energy absorbing plate 32. The upper and lower ends of the support rod 2 are respectively mounted on the back surfaces of the upper corrugated energy-absorbing plate 31 and the lower corrugated energy-absorbing plate 32 through bearings and bearing seats. The crash-proof barrel body 1 is located between the upper corrugated energy-absorbing plate 31 and the lower corrugated energy-absorbing plate 32. So set up, through the train derailment of a track rotatory anti-collision barrel and the dual protection of rail guard 3 that have multistage energy-absorbing function, can guarantee still can not dash out the circuit after the high-speed derailment of train.
The upper corrugated energy absorbing plate 31 and the lower corrugated energy absorbing plate 32 may be U-shaped, W-shaped, tubular, or box-shaped, and the like, and in this embodiment, the upper corrugated energy absorbing plate 31 and the lower corrugated energy absorbing plate 32 are W-shaped. The back surfaces of the upper corrugated energy absorption plate 31 and the lower corrugated energy absorption plate 32 are connected with the support rod 2 of the rotary anti-collision barrel through a bearing seat. The bearing is installed to the bearing frame the inside, is connected with the bracing piece 2 of rotatory anti-collision barrel, guarantees that rotatory anti-collision barrel under the impact of train, and anti-collision barrel body 1 and bracing piece 2 can normal rotation to realize the electricity generation function of rotatory generator 7 and the backward rotation function in advance of back anti-collision barrel group 5.
In this embodiment, bearings are also buried in the roadbed (not shown) below the support rods 2, and the lower ends of the support rods 2 protrude into the roadbed and are rotatably mounted in the bearings of the roadbed. So, can guarantee better that rotatory anti-collision barrel is under the impact of train, the rotation that anti-collision barrel body 1 and bracing piece 2 can be normal, the backward rotation in advance that back anti-collision barrel group 5 can be normal.
In this embodiment, a solar panel (not shown) is further installed on the top of the support rod 2, and the solar panel is connected with the power storage module 8. Can generate electricity at ordinary times through this solar panel to store the electric energy in electricity storage module 8, provide the electric energy for the rotatory anti-collision barrel antiport in the crashproof bucket group 5 in the back.
The collision energy-absorbing method of the train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device comprises the following steps:
the derailed train collides with the front anti-collision barrel group 4, the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel in the front anti-collision barrel group 4 rotates in the positive direction under the action of the collision force (as shown in figure 6), and the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel absorbs the collision kinetic energy and guides the running direction of the derailed train; in the rotation process of the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel, the first transmission gear 6 drives the rotary generator 7 to work to generate electric energy, and the electric energy generated by the rotary generator 7 and the solar panel is stored in the electricity storage module 8 (as shown in figure 8);
specifically, after the train derails, the front anti-collision barrel group 4 is impacted at a certain impact angle theta to rotate in the positive direction, and the force applied to the train by the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel can be decomposed into longitudinal rolling friction force Fx and transverse pressure force Fy; in the collision process, the rotation action of the train derailing rotation anti-collision barrel can rapidly drive the impact angle theta of the out-of-control train to be reduced, so that the transverse pressure Fy between the train and the rotation anti-collision barrel is reduced; meanwhile, the longitudinal friction force between the train and the rotary anti-collision barrel is rolling friction force which is far smaller than the sliding friction force between the traditional concrete protective wall and an out-of-control train workshop, so that the transverse load and the longitudinal load acting on the train can be reduced simultaneously;
when a train runs off the rail and collides with the front anti-collision barrel group 4, a pressure sensor arranged in the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group 4 detects the impact force of the train on the rotary anti-collision barrel and sends an impact force intensity signal to a control module, the control module sends an instruction to a power storage module 8, the power storage module 8 is controlled to supply power to a motor 10 connected with the rear anti-collision barrel group 5, and the motor 10 drives the rotary anti-collision barrel in the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 to rotate reversely in advance before the train collides with the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 through a second transmission gear 9 (as shown in fig. 6);
when the train collides against the rear anti-collision barrel group 5, the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 reversely rotating in advance is used for collision energy absorption, and the running direction of the derailed train is guided.
Generally speaking, when the train derailment accident impacts the protection device, the train derailment rotating anti-collision barrel can change the running direction of the train due to the rotating action, guides the train and enables the train to leave the protection device, and meanwhile, the protection device has a multistage energy absorption function and can obviously absorb the train collision kinetic energy.
Referring to fig. 7, the energy absorption process and principle of the derailment collision energy absorption protection device are as follows: the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel converts collision kinetic energy into rotary energy through rotation; the macromolecule buffer layer 14 at the outermost layer of the anti-collision barrel absorbs energy through deformation under the action of external collision force; the instability suppression energy absorption layer 13 on the second layer of the anti-collision barrel absorbs the kinetic energy of the train under the action of impact force; the main energy absorption layer 12 at the third layer of the anti-collision barrel further absorbs the kinetic energy of the train through deformation under the action of impact force; the damping energy absorption rod 15 arranged inside the anti-collision barrel is compressed to absorb energy under the action of collision force; the damping buffer layer 11 fixedly connected with the anti-collision barrel support rod 2 deforms and absorbs energy under the action of impact force; the corrugated energy absorbing plates arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the rotary anti-collision barrel further absorb collision energy through plastic deformation such as bending. In addition, the rotary anti-collision barrel is divided into a front anti-collision barrel group and a rear anti-collision barrel group along a railway line, the front anti-collision barrel group 4 rotates forwards under the action of the impact force of the train, and the rear anti-collision barrel group 5 rotates backwards in advance under the driving of the motor 10, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the energy absorption device is further improved.
The train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device has a multi-stage energy absorption function, and can absorb the train impact kinetic energy to the maximum extent; meanwhile, the rigidity and the strength of each energy absorption layer can be designed through optimization and matching, the time domain change of the collision acceleration after the train derails is controlled, the collision load after the train derails is reduced, and the casualty risk of passengers is reduced; and the running direction of the derailed train can be guided by the rotating function of the rotating anti-collision barrel, so that the derailed train is prevented from rushing out of the railway boundary or falling off the bridge.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rotatory anti-collision barrel of train derailment, a serial communication port, including anti-collision barrel body (1) and bracing piece (2), anti-collision barrel body (1) is including from inside to outside in proper order around compound damping buffer layer (11), main energy absorbing layer (12), unstability suppression energy absorbing layer (13) and polymer buffer layer (14), damping buffer layer (11) with install damping energy-absorbing pole (15) between polymer buffer layer (14), damping energy-absorbing pole (15) run through main energy absorbing layer (12) with unstability suppression energy absorbing layer (13), bracing piece (2) are worn to locate in damping buffer layer (11), the both ends of bracing piece (2) are followed the both ends of anti-collision barrel body (1) are stretched out.
2. The train derailment rotary anti-collision barrel according to claim 1, wherein the main energy absorption layer (12) is honeycomb aluminum, the instability suppression energy absorption layer (13) is a lattice sandwich energy absorption structure, and the polymer buffer layer (14) is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene blend elastic composite material.
3. The train derailment rotary anti-collision barrel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of damping and energy-absorbing rods (15) are arranged in the anti-collision barrel body (1) at intervals along the length direction of the damping buffer layer (11), and each group of damping and energy-absorbing rods (15) comprises a plurality of damping and energy-absorbing rods (15) uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the damping buffer layer (11).
4. An energy-absorbing device for train derailment collision, which comprises a protective guard (3), and is characterized in that a plurality of train derailment rotary collision-proof barrels as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged on the protective guard (3) side by side, and two ends of the support rod (2) in the train derailment rotary collision-proof barrel are rotatably arranged on the protective guard (3) through bearings.
5. The train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device according to claim 4, wherein the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrels are divided into a front anti-collision barrel group (4) and a rear anti-collision barrel group (5), the support rod (2) in the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group (4) is connected with a rotation generator (7) through a first transmission gear (6), the rotation generator (7) is connected with an electricity storage module (8), the support rod (2) in the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel of the rear anti-collision barrel group (5) is connected with an electric motor (10) through a second transmission gear (9), and the electric motor (10) is connected with the electricity storage module (8).
6. The energy-absorbing and protecting device for train derailment collision according to claim 5, further comprising a control module, wherein a pressure sensor is installed in the polymer buffer layer (14) in the train derailment rotation anti-collision barrel of the front anti-collision barrel group (4), and the pressure sensor and the electricity storage module (8) are both connected with the control module.
7. The train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device according to claim 5, wherein the protective guard (3) comprises an upper corrugated energy-absorbing plate (31) and a lower corrugated energy-absorbing plate (32), the upper end and the lower end of the support rod (2) are respectively mounted on the back surfaces of the upper corrugated energy-absorbing plate (31) and the lower corrugated energy-absorbing plate (32) through bearings and bearing seats, and the anti-collision barrel body (1) is located between the upper corrugated energy-absorbing plate (31) and the lower corrugated energy-absorbing plate (32).
8. The energy-absorbing device for train derailment collision according to claim 5, wherein a bearing is buried in the roadbed below the support rod (2), and the lower end of the support rod (2) extends into the roadbed and is rotatably installed in the bearing of the roadbed.
9. The train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device according to claim 5, wherein a solar panel is installed on the top of the support rod (2), and the solar panel is connected with the electricity storage module (8).
10. The method for absorbing energy of a train derailment collision energy-absorbing protection device according to any claim 5 to 9, wherein the method for absorbing energy of train derailment collision comprises the following steps:
the train derails and collides with the front anti-collision barrel group (4), the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel in the front anti-collision barrel group (4) rotates positively under the action of collision force, and the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel absorbs collision kinetic energy and guides the running direction of the derailed train; the anti-collision device comprises a power storage module (8), a first transmission gear (6), a rotary generator (7), a second transmission gear (7), a third transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear, a fifth transmission gear, a sixth transmission gear, a;
the pressure sensor arranged in the front anti-collision barrel group (4) detects the impact force of a train on the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel and sends an impact force intensity signal to the control module, the control module sends an instruction to the electricity storage module (8), the electricity storage module (8) is controlled to supply power to the motor (10) connected with the rear anti-collision barrel group (5), and the motor (10) drives the train derailing rotary anti-collision barrel in the rear anti-collision barrel group (5) to reversely rotate before the anti-collision barrel group (5) is impacted by the train through the second transmission gear (9);
when the train collides against the rear anti-collision barrel group (5), the rear anti-collision barrel group (5) which reversely rotates in advance absorbs energy in a collision way, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the protective device is improved, and the running direction of the derailed train is guided.
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