CN113105131A - Method for purifying ash by comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide - Google Patents
Method for purifying ash by comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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- CN113105131A CN113105131A CN202110301680.0A CN202110301680A CN113105131A CN 113105131 A CN113105131 A CN 113105131A CN 202110301680 A CN202110301680 A CN 202110301680A CN 113105131 A CN113105131 A CN 113105131A
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- calcium
- calcium carbide
- magnesium
- ash
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- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical group [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017976 MgO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
- C04B7/17—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium oxide containing activators
- C04B7/19—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for purifying ash by comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out aerobic calcination on calcium carbide purified ash, and cooling for later use; (2) crushing and grinding the reducing agent for later use; (3) mixing the purified ash with a reducing agent, grinding, sieving and preparing balls for later use. The reducing agent is added according to 90-120% of the required theoretical amount; (4) carrying out vacuum thermal reduction on the mixed ball-making materials to obtain crude magnesium and calcium-based waste residues, and refining the crude magnesium to obtain refined magnesium and magnesium ingots; (5) and cooling the calcium-based waste residues, mixing a certain amount of carbide slag and coal slag, grinding, roasting, cooling and grinding to obtain the finished product of portland cement. The method can realize the comprehensive utilization of all components of the calcium carbide purification ash, and is a green high-valued comprehensive utilization method of waste residues.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of calcium carbide production, and particularly relates to a method for purifying ash by comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide.
Background
China is the first major country for producing and consuming calcium carbide in the world, the yield of the calcium carbide accounts for more than 90% of the total world production energy, and the annual output exceeds 3500 million tons. The calcium carbide is formed by the solid-phase melting reaction of lime and coke in a closed calcium carbide furnace through arc heat, a large amount of high-temperature calcium carbide furnace tail gas can be generated in the reaction process, the tail gas is mainly carbon monoxide and solid dust, the tail gas firstly enters a settler to settle 40% -50% of large-particle dust, then is cooled and dedusted through an air cooler, and then enters a bag-type dust remover to be subjected to fine filtration, and the solid dust collected through the settler, the air cooler and the bag-type dust remover is called as purification ash. Generally, about 2 to 7 percent of calcium carbide purification ash is generated when one ton of calcium carbide is produced. The calcium carbide purification ash mainly contains carbon, calcium, magnesium, silicon, aluminum, iron, potassium, sodium and other elements, wherein the content of the carbon, the calcium, the magnesium and the silicon is high, the carbon part exists in a simple substance form, the calcium part exists in a calcium carbide form, the calcium mainly exists in a simple substance form, the calcium carbide and the calcium oxide form, the magnesium and the silicon part exists in a simple substance form, the calcium carbide and the calcium oxide form, and the aluminum, the sodium and the potassium mainly exist in an oxide form. Because the calcium carbide purification ash contains partial calcium carbide, metal simple substances and simple substance carbon, and the substances exist in a powdery form, the calcium carbide purification ash is easy and natural when meeting air, and the calcium carbide purification ash has the characteristics of small granularity, high ignition loss, light specific gravity, high viscosity, strong basicity and easiness in dust raising, so that the transportation and the treatment are difficult, the environment is polluted, and a plurality of safety problems also exist. At present, the calcium carbide purification ash mainly adopts landfill and stacking, and causes serious pollution to the ecological environment and safety.
The calcium carbide purification ash is used as a solid waste material in the calcium carbide industry, the components are complex and variable, and the treatment method of the calcium carbide purification ash becomes a bottleneck problem of green development of the calcium carbide industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing calcium carbide purification ash has no effective treatment method, the invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash, and solves the problem of solid waste disposal of the calcium carbide industry purification ash.
The method comprises the steps of firstly, oxidizing combustible substances in calcium carbide purification ash to convert the combustible substances into oxides, then carrying out vacuum thermal reduction to reduce magnesium oxide in the materials into metal magnesium, and finally obtaining calcium-based waste residues with main components of calcium oxide and calcium silicate, wherein the calcium-based waste residues are used as silicate cement raw materials. The process for treating calcium carbide purification ash has no secondary pollution of waste water, waste residue and the like.
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the calcium carbide purification ash is subjected to aerobic calcination, and the simple substance carbon is combusted into CO2Removing; combining metal calcium, magnesium and silicon in the purified ash with oxygen to form oxides, and cooling for later use; and (3) carrying out aerobic calcination for 2-6 h at 800-900 ℃ under an air atmosphere.
(2) The reducing agent is crushed and ground to make the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.15mm for standby. The reducing agent can be at least one of ferrosilicon, calcium carbide and silicon powder.
(3) Mixing calcium carbide purified ash subjected to aerobic calcination in the step (1) with the reducing agent obtained in the step (2), grinding, sieving and pelletizing for later use; the reducing agent is added according to 90-120% of the theoretical amount to form a mixed material.
(4) And (4) carrying out vacuum thermal reduction on the mixed material prepared in the step (3) to prepare magnesium, so as to obtain crude magnesium and reduced calcium-based waste residues, and refining the crude magnesium to obtain refined magnesium, magnesium ingots and the like. The vacuum degree of the magnesium prepared by the vacuum thermal reduction method is 0.1-30 Pa, the reduction temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the reduction time is 2-12 h. The purity of the magnesium ingot obtained by reduction reaches Mg9980 specified by the national standard GBT 3499-2011.
(5) And (4) cooling the calcium-based waste residues obtained in the step (4), mixing a certain amount of carbide slag and coal slag, and grinding, roasting, cooling and grinding to obtain the finished cement. The mixing amount of the carbide slag is 5-40% of the mass of the calcium-based waste slag; the mixing amount of the coal slag is 5-20% of the mass of the calcium-based waste slag; the roasting temperature is 1320-1450 ℃, and finally the Portland cement is obtained. The performance of the cement reaches the national standard GB175-2007 of general portland cement, and the strength reaches 42.5.
According to the method, combustible substances in the purified ash are combusted through oxidation pretreatment of the calcium carbide purified ash, metal simple substances are converted into oxides, then magnesium oxide and materials in the calcium carbide purified ash are separated and converted into metal magnesium with high added value through vacuum thermal reduction, and meanwhile, waste residues after reduction and magnesium extraction meet the requirements of portland cement raw materials, and cement is further produced. Finally realizing the high-value utilization of all the components of the calcium carbide purification ash. The process for treating the calcium carbide purification ash has no secondary pollution of wastewater, waste residue and the like in the treatment process, is a green treatment process, and can obtain certain economic benefit. The method disclosed by the invention realizes high-valued comprehensive utilization of the whole components of the calcium carbide purification ash, thoroughly solves the problem of disposal of the waste residues, changes waste into valuable, and supports the green sustainable development of the calcium carbide industry.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calcium carbide purification ash is conveyed to a buffer bin from a bag-type dust collector of a calcium carbide furnace under the protection of nitrogen, conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace by a compressed air pipeline, and oxidized and calcined for 2 hours in an air atmosphere at 800 ℃. The main components of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash are as follows: 45 percent of CaO, 35 percent of MgO,SiO2 8%，Na2O 3%，K2O 1.5%，Al2O33% and the other 4.5%.
(2) The calcium carbide is crushed and ground, and the particle size of the calcium carbide powder is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.
(3) Uniformly mixing the calcined calcium carbide purified ash with calcium carbide powder, grinding, sieving and pelletizing; wherein the mass of the calcium carbide powder is 0.504 times (90% of the required theoretical amount) of the mass of the calcined calcium carbide purified ash; when pellets are prepared, the pellet preparation pressure is 100MPa, the prepared pellet materials are placed into a vacuum reduction tank, reduction is carried out for 10 hours under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 10-20 Pa and the reduction temperature is 1200 ℃, the crystallizer is taken out after the reduction is finished, a crystal product is separated from the crystallizer, crystal magnesium and blocky white crystals are obtained after separation, and the crystal magnesium is subjected to remelting and refining to be cast into ingots to obtain magnesium metal ingots; and (3) removing the calcium-based waste residue in the reduction tank, cooling in air, and obtaining the calcium-based waste residue after cooling, wherein the components of the calcium-based waste residue are as follows: CaO 83%, MgO 3%, SiO2 5%，Na2O 0.80 %，K2O 0.30%，Al2O32% and the other 5.90%.
(4) Mixing the reduced waste residue obtained in the step (3) with 17% of carbide slag and 5% of coal slag; roasting at 1350 deg.c for 4 hr, cooling and grinding to obtain Portland cement.
Example 2
A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calcium carbide purification ash is conveyed to a buffer bin from a bag-type dust collector of a calcium carbide furnace under the protection of nitrogen, conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace by a compressed air pipeline, and oxidized and calcined for 2.5 hours in an air atmosphere at 900 ℃. The main components of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash are as follows: CaO 47%, MgO 33%, SiO2 8%，Na2O2%，K2O 2%，Al2O33% and the other 5%.
(2) The calcium carbide is crushed and ground, and the particle size of the calcium carbide powder is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.
(3) Uniformly mixing the calcined calcium carbide purified ash with calcium carbide powder, grinding, sieving and pelletizing; wherein the mass of the calcium carbide powder is 0.58 times (11 of the required theoretical amount) of the mass of the calcined calcium carbide purified ash0%); when pellets are prepared, the pellet preparation pressure is 80MPa, the prepared pellet materials are placed into a vacuum reduction tank, reduction is carried out for 8 hours under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 5-10 Pa and the reduction temperature is 1100 ℃, the crystallizer is taken out after the reduction is finished, a crystal product is separated from the crystallizer, crystal magnesium and blocky white crystals are obtained after separation, and the crystal magnesium is subjected to remelting and refining to be cast into ingots to obtain magnesium metal ingots; and (3) removing the calcium-based waste residue in the reduction tank, cooling in air, and obtaining the calcium-based waste residue after cooling, wherein the components of the calcium-based waste residue are as follows: CaO 84%, MgO 4%, SiO2 6%，Na2O 0.50 %，K2O 0.50%，Al2O31% and the other 4%.
(4) Mixing the reduced waste residue obtained in the step (3) with 36% of carbide slag and 4% of coal slag; roasting at 1400 deg.c for 4 hr, cooling and grinding to obtain Portland cement.
Example 3
A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calcium carbide purification ash is conveyed to a buffer bin from a bag-type dust collector of a calcium carbide furnace under the protection of nitrogen, conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace by a compressed air pipeline, and oxidized and calcined for 3 hours in an air atmosphere at 850 ℃. The main components of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash are as follows: CaO 45%, MgO 30%, SiO2 15%，Na2O 2%，K2O 2%，Al2O33% and the other 3%.
(2) The ferrosilicon is crushed and ground, and the grain size is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.
(3) Uniformly mixing the calcined calcium carbide purified ash with ferrosilicon, grinding, sieving and pelletizing; wherein the mass of the ferrosilicon is 0.183 times (100 percent of the required theoretical amount) of the mass of the calcined calcium carbide purified ash; and preparing the mixed material into pellets, wherein the pelletizing pressure is 150MPa when the pellets are prepared, putting the prepared pellets into a vacuum reduction tank, reducing for 6 hours under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 10-15 Pa and the reduction temperature is 1230 ℃, taking out the crystallizer after the reduction is finished, separating a crystallized product from the crystallizer, remelting and refining the crystallized magnesium, and casting ingots to obtain the magnesium metal ingots. Pouring out the calcium-based waste residue in the reduction tank, and cooling in air to obtain the calcium-based waste residue with the following components: CaO 80%, MgO 2.5%, SiO2 12%，Na2O 0.30 %，K2O 0.70%，Al2O32% and the other 2.5%. The calcium-based waste residue is used as a raw material of portland cement.
(4) Mixing the reduced waste residue obtained in the step (3) with 20% of carbide slag and 8% of coal slag; roasting at 1380 deg.C for 6 hr, cooling, and grinding to obtain Portland cement.
Example 4
A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calcium carbide purification ash is conveyed to a buffer bin from a bag-type dust collector of a calcium carbide furnace under the protection of nitrogen, conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace by a compressed air pipeline, and oxidized and calcined for 4 hours in an air atmosphere at 850 ℃. The main components of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash are as follows: 47% of CaO, 27% of MgO and SiO2 13%，Na2O 2%，K2O 2%，Al2O35% and the other 4%.
(2) The ferrosilicon is crushed and ground, and the grain size is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.
(3) Uniformly mixing the calcined calcium carbide purified ash with ferrosilicon, grinding, sieving and pelletizing; wherein the mass of the ferrosilicon is 0.22 times (120 percent of the required theoretical amount) of the mass of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash; and preparing the mixed material into pellets, wherein the pelletizing pressure is 100MPa when the pellets are prepared, putting the prepared pellets into a vacuum reduction tank, reducing for 8 hours under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 15-20 Pa and the reduction temperature is 1250 ℃, taking out the crystallizer after the reduction is finished, separating a crystallized product from the crystallizer, remelting and refining the crystallized magnesium, and casting ingots to obtain the metal magnesium ingots. Pouring out the calcium-based waste residue in the reduction tank, and cooling in air to obtain the calcium-based waste residue with the following components: CaO 81%, MgO 3%, SiO2 10%，Na2O 0.50 %，K2O 0.50%，Al2O32% and the other 3%. The calcium-based waste residue is used as a raw material of portland cement.
(4) Mixing 25% of carbide slag and 10% of coal slag with the reduced waste residue obtained in the step (3); roasting at 1450 deg.c for 4 hr, cooling and grinding to obtain Portland cement.
Example 5
A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) calcium carbide purification ash is conveyed to a buffer bin from a bag-type dust collector of a calcium carbide furnace under the protection of nitrogen, conveyed to a fluidized bed furnace by a compressed air pipeline, and oxidized and calcined for 6 hours in an air atmosphere at 900 ℃. The main components of the calcined calcium carbide purification ash are as follows: CaO 50%, MgO 27%, SiO2 11%，Na2O2%，K2O 2%，Al2O33% and the other 5%.
(2) And grinding the silicon powder, wherein the particle size of the silicon powder is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.
(3) Uniformly mixing the calcined calcium carbide purified ash with silicon powder, grinding, sieving and pelletizing; wherein the mass of the silicon powder is 0.633 times (110% of the required theoretical amount) of the mass of the calcined calcium carbide purified ash; when pellets are prepared, the briquetting pressure is 90MPa, the prepared pellet materials are placed into a vacuum reduction tank, reduction is carried out for 12 hours under the conditions that the vacuum degree is 5-10 Pa and the reduction temperature is 1150 ℃, the crystallizer is taken out after the reduction is finished, a crystal product is separated from the crystallizer, crystal magnesium and blocky white crystals are obtained after separation, and the crystal magnesium is subjected to remelting and refining to be cast into ingots to obtain magnesium metal ingots; and (3) removing the calcium-based waste residue in the reduction tank, cooling in air, and obtaining the calcium-based waste residue after cooling, wherein the components of the calcium-based waste residue are as follows: CaSiO3 65%，MgO 2.7%，SiO2 28%，Na2O 0.80 %，K2O 0.50%，Al2O31% and the other 2%.
(4) Blending 10% of carbide slag and 10% of coal slag with the reduced waste residue obtained in the step (3); roasting at 1360 deg.C for 2h, cooling, and grinding to obtain Portland cement.
The properties of the magnesium ingots and the properties of the cements obtained from the above examples 1-5 are as follows:
the above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as those skilled in the art will appreciate: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention, and fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the calcium carbide purification ash is subjected to aerobic calcination, and the simple substance carbon is combusted into CO2Removing; combining metal calcium, magnesium and silicon in the purified ash with oxygen to form oxides, and cooling for later use;
(2) crushing and grinding the reducing agent to enable the particle size to be less than or equal to 0.15mm for later use;
(3) mixing calcium carbide purified ash subjected to aerobic calcination in the step (1) with the reducing agent obtained in the step (2), grinding, sieving and pelletizing for later use; the reducing agent is added according to 90-120% of the theoretical amount to form a mixed material;
(4) performing vacuum thermal reduction on the mixed material prepared in the step (3) to prepare magnesium, so as to obtain crude magnesium and reduced calcium-based waste residues, and refining the crude magnesium to obtain refined magnesium, magnesium ingots and the like;
(5) and (4) cooling the calcium-based waste residues obtained in the step (4), mixing a certain amount of carbide slag and coal slag, and grinding, roasting, cooling and grinding to obtain the finished cement.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the aerobic calcination is performed at 800-900 ℃ for 2-6 h in air atmosphere.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the reducing agent is at least one of ferrosilicon, calcium carbide and silicon powder.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the vacuum degree of magnesium produced by vacuum thermal reduction method is 0.1-30 Pa, the magnesium is heated to 1100-1250 ℃, and the reduction time is 2-12 h.
5. The method for comprehensively utilizing calcium carbide purification ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the mixing amount of the calcium carbide slag is 5-40% of the mass of the calcium-based waste slag; the mixing amount of the coal slag is 5-20% of the mass of the calcium-based waste slag.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the roasting temperature is 1320-1450 ℃.
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