CN115710634A - Method for treating sintering dust removal ash and waste coating of continuous casting tundish - Google Patents
Method for treating sintering dust removal ash and waste coating of continuous casting tundish Download PDFInfo
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- CN115710634A CN115710634A CN202211471030.1A CN202211471030A CN115710634A CN 115710634 A CN115710634 A CN 115710634A CN 202211471030 A CN202211471030 A CN 202211471030A CN 115710634 A CN115710634 A CN 115710634A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating sintering dedusting ash and continuous casting tundish waste coating, and relates to three different technical fields of recycling of process dedusting ash generated by a sintering process of a refining slag cooperating with a steel enterprise and tundish waste slag of a continuous casting machine. The method is characterized in that the properties of the waste coating of the tundish of the continuous casting machine are utilized, bittern is utilized as a binder to produce pellets with the diameter of 10 mm-20 mm, the physical heat and high alkalinity characteristics of the steel slag after casting of a refining furnace are utilized, iron elements, heavy metals of zinc and lead in the dedusting ash of the sintering process are calcined, reduced and recovered and are utilized as important raw materials for smelting the free-cutting steel by the converter, tailings are utilized as high-quality cement clinker to be utilized in the fields of building materials, road engineering and the like, unreacted harmful substances in the dedusting ash of the sintering process are converted into tailings, and the tailings are subjected to hydration reaction after the resource utilization, so that the harmless purpose of mineral-forming and sealing up of the harmful substances in the tailings is achieved, and the force of technical innovation is displayed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating sintering dust removal ash and waste coating of a continuous casting tundish.
Background
The steel production in China is mainly based on the long flow of a blast furnace and a converter, and the sintered ore accounts for about 70-75% of the blast furnace burden. The amount of dust generated during sintering is about 1-2% of the total amount of the sintered ore. The dedusting ash generated in the sintering process is divided into two categories of process dedusting ash and environment dedusting ash, the content of harmful substances in the sintering environment dedusting ash is low, and the dedusting ash can be returned to a sintering plant for resource utilization, and the dedusting ash in the sintering process contains harmful substances and is not suitable for being returned to the sintering plant for resource utilization.
The dust removed in the sintering process is divided into two types, namely machine head dust removed and machine tail dust removed. The scale of the steel industry in China is huge, the sintering ingredients of different steel plants are different, the components of the generated sintering dedusting ash are different but basically similar, and the components of the sintering process ash of a certain plant in northwest China are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the basic characteristic of the sintering process fly ash is that the contents of Pb, zn, K and Na are high, and these elements are harmful substances which affect the smooth operation of the blast furnace, so the resource utilization of the sintering process fly ash is a difficult problem in the industry. In reference to literature (1), guo yuhua, horse loyalty, wang dongfeng et al published a paper entitled "new development of resource utilization of sintering dedusting ash" on impurities in "sintering pellets" in 1 st stage 2014. At present, most of domestic sintering dust removal ash is returned to sintering for utilization, and due to inherent defects, harmful elements in the sintering dust removal ash are discharged without paths, so that negative effects are certainly caused on the quality of sintering ores and further on blast furnace iron making. "is expressed in terms of content; (2) Kang Ling Chen, zhang Yangdahua et al published a paper entitled "treatment and utilization of sintering machine head electro-precipitator dust" in the journal of "Industrial safety and environmental protection" at 3 rd year 2015, which contains "at present, many progress has been made in the treatment and utilization of sintering machine head electro-precipitator dust, but still there are many problems. In general, the prior art lacks a systematic solution for treating the fly ash, is limited to a certain point for utilization of various metal resources, and lacks a unified consideration and rationalization scheme for simultaneous utilization of multiple resources. "is expressed in terms of content; (3) Pengzhong, fangjianfeng in 2019, 2 nd phase, iron & steel journal, published a paper entitled "Bao steel rotary hearth furnace process technology development", in which "during the steel production process, a large amount of dust and mud is generated, and more than 100 kg of iron-containing dust and mud is generated every 1 t of steel produced. The dust and mud contain a large amount of valuable iron resources, but the dust and mud also contain harmful elements such as zinc, potassium, sodium, lead, chlorine and the like, and if the dust and mud is directly returned to the main process of steel production, the dust and mud can bring great harm to the steel production, and the dust and mud is necessary to be returned to the steel production process after the harmful impurities are removed. The rotary hearth furnace process can effectively remove harmful elements such as zinc, potassium, sodium, lead, chlorine and the like in the dust and sludge through high-temperature solid-state reduction reaction, the produced DRI returns to steel production, the produced steam returns to a production steam pipe network, and the produced zinc powder is used as a zinc smelting raw material, so that the comprehensive utilization of iron-containing zinc-containing dust and sludge resources is realized. "is expressed in terms of the content.
As can be seen from the above documents, no process method for utilizing the steel slag thermal coupling technology for recycling the sintering process dedusting ash exists at present.
The refining of molten steel generally refers to converter (electric furnace) roughing molten steel, in the tapping process, after deoxidation alloying of the molten steel, the components and temperature range of the molten steel are further adjusted, and operations such as deep deoxidation, desulfurization, degassing, inclusion removal and the like are performed on the molten steel so as to improve the cleanliness of the molten steel and meet the performance requirements of steel. The molten steel refining slag is waste generated in the molten steel refining process, the refining slag of different enterprises has different component ranges, but the content of main substances is approximately close, and the components of the refining slag of different deoxidation modes in a certain plant have the following compositions:
after the refining of the molten steel is finished and the molten steel in the ladle is poured, the refining slag and the residual molten steel in the ladle are called the casting residue of the refining slag and are poured into a slag pot together to form one type of steel slag. The steel slag has different properties from the converter steel slag. Because the multi-furnace refining slag is poured into a slag pot, residual molten steel of different furnaces is fused into a large slag steel, and the large slag steel can be returned to the steelmaking for utilization after being cooled and processed by cutting and the like.
In the article, a paper entitled "resource utilization characteristics of refining slag of an LF furnace" is published by review of the literature (1), ningxue, liliao sand in No. 4 Anhui university of Industrial science, 2009, and the paper contains "C12A 7 in refining slag of an LF furnace has high activity, and certain f-CaO is mixed in two ore phases, so that the crystal structure has large air gap, the original structure is easily damaged by chemical means, and necessary conditions are provided for directly carrying out acid-base treatment on the crystal structure. Using industrial waste acid to carry out acidolysis on refining slag in LF furnace to obtain Al-containing slag 3+ The solution can be used for preparing fine chemical products containing aluminum, the raw material cost and the operation cost are both lower than the similar level, and the obtained benefit is higher. "is expressed in terms of content; (2) Li liao sha, ren xue published a paper entitled "preparation of ultrafine aluminium silicate from LF refining slag" in journal of "chinese powder technology" volume 14 of 2008, which includes: the refining slag of the LF furnace is solid waste generated in the secondary refining process of molten steel, and has high aluminum content and complex components. In the research, the refining slag of the LF furnace is used as a raw material to prepare the superfine aluminum silicate, and the optimal experimental conditions are searched for extracting the aluminum element by using a sulfuric acid leaching method. "is expressed in terms of the content.
According to the documents, no technological method for cooperatively treating the waste coating of the tundish of the continuous casting machine and the dust removed in the sintering process by using the refining slag exists at present.
The tundish is a refractory vessel in the steelmaking process. In the production process, a tundish firstly receives molten steel poured from a ladle and then is distributed into each crystallizer by a tundish nozzle to be cast into a billet.
Most of refractory materials used in the tundish of the continuous casting machine are magnesium coatings, the main component of the refractory materials is magnesium oxide, and the mass percentage of the refractory materials in the tundish coating is more than 75%. The tundish lining of the continuous casting machine is mainly divided into three main categories of magnesium-calcium, magnesium-aluminum and dry materials according to the material. In any tundish coating, a binder is used before use, and a magnesium refractory material is coated on the inner wall of a tundish for forming or is formed by adopting a mould for vibration forming, and then is baked to be used as a refractory material.
In the operation process of the continuous casting machine, a part of the coating of the tundish enters molten steel under the physical scouring action of the molten steel to become inclusion which floats up in a slag layer on the surface of the tundish or is remained in the molten steel, the part of the coating accounts for one third of the coating of the tundish, and the rest two thirds of the coating is tipped over to a tundish turning area along with the completion of one casting time of the tundish to become a waste for steelmaking. Due to the waste, oxides containing Al, K and Na ions are mixed in tundish covering agent slag in the ladle turning using process, and the melting point of the waste is reduced due to the factor. Therefore, the coating discarded from the tundish is difficult to be recycled as a refractory.
Refer to the literature (1) Chinese patent: ZL 201310433091.3A magnesium ball for converter steelmaking and a production process thereof, the invention relates to a tundish waste dry material used by a steelmaking continuous casting machine, a partial fluxing agent and a bonding agent, and the magnesium ball is made into magnesium balls to be used in the converter steelmaking process to replace or add dolomite for use, so that the intra-plant recycling of wastes in a steel plant is realized, the steelmaking cost is optimized for the steel plant, and the production environment of a steel enterprise is improved. "is expressed in terms of content; (2) The' waste tundish coating belongs to a abandoned refractory material which is difficult to utilize, and is made into steel-making magnesium balls, so that the utilization problem of solid waste in steel making is solved. "is expressed in terms of the content. Except the above documents, no process for recycling the waste tundish coating is available.
In conclusion, no process method for utilizing refining slag to cooperatively treat the dedusting ash of the sintering process and the waste coating of the tundish of the continuous casting machine exists in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating sintering dust and waste coating of a continuous casting tundish, which can convert various components of the sintering process dust and the waste coating of the tundish into magnesium cement clinker, silicate cement clinker and ceramic sintering phase, and can be integrally used as tailings for resource utilization.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for treating the sintering dust removal ash and the waste coating of the continuous casting tundish is implemented according to the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing the fly ash generated in the sintering process, the waste coating of the tundish and the graphite containing more than 80% of carbon, and adding bittern MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O is used as a binder for bonding, the dosage of the binder bittern is 5-10% of the total mass of the three mixtures, and the mixture is produced into pellets of 5-15 mm by a high-pressure dry powder pelletizer; wherein the mass addition ratio of the fly ash in the sintering process, the waste coating of the tundish and the graphite is 45;
2) The pellets are transported to the refining slag casting residue pouring process point for standby;
3) Adding the pellets into an empty slag tank, wherein the adding amount of the pellets is based on the average spreading thickness of the pellets being 15-30 cm, then pouring the casting residue of the first furnace refining slag into the upper part of the pellets, adding the pellets with the same thickness into the casting residue of the refining slag after the slag pouring is finished, and then pouring the casting residue of the next furnace refining slag;
4) Repeating the above operations, after the slag tank is filled, transporting the slag tank to a steel slag processing area, standing for 120min, pouring out the casting residue of the refining slag in the slag tank, slowly cooling for 4 h, selecting large blocks of casting residue steel in the slag tank according to the processing technology of the refining slag, magnetically separating and recovering granular steel from the tailings in a steel slag magnetic separation production line, and recycling the residual tailings as raw materials in the fields of building materials, cement production, road and bridge construction and the like.
The invention researches the characteristics of refining slag, waste coating of a tundish and dedusting ash of a sintering process, and provides a process concept of steel slag mass-thermal coupling technology for the first time with the schooler of Bao Steel research institute, namely that the chemical property and the physical property of the steel slag can be influenced by heat contained in high-temperature steel slag. On the contrary, the chemical property of the steel slag is changed, and simultaneously, the temperature of the steel slag in the system can be influenced, namely, the property and the temperature of the steel slag are influenced mutually. Under a certain temperature condition, the value mining and utilization of chemical components of the steel slag and the utilization of heat energy are realized by changing the physical properties and the chemical properties of the steel slag, which is called as steel slag thermal coupling technology. "
By utilizing steel slag thermal coupling technology, a certain proportion of carbon-containing material is added into the tundish coating and the dust removed by sintering process of continuous casting machine, and bittern (MgCl) is used 2 ·6H 2 O) is used as a binder, a high-pressure dry powder pelletizer is adopted to produce pellets with the diameter of 5-15 mm, the pellets are added into the casting residue of the refining slag, the heat energy and mineral components of the casting residue of the refining slag are utilized to reduce and recover Fe, zn and Pb in the dedusting ash of the sintering process, and various components of the dedusting ash of the sintering process and the waste coating of the tundish are converted into magnesium cement clinker, silicate cement clinker and ceramic sintering phase, and the whole pellets are used as tailings for resource utilization.
The invention has the following important innovation points:
(1) The invention uses sintering process dust removal and continuous casting machine tundish waste coating as main raw materials, adds carbon-containing materials and uses bittern (MgCl) 2 ·6H 2 O) is used as a binder, the pellets are produced into 5-15 mm pellets by a high-pressure dry powder pelletizer, the pellets are added between the casting residues of the refining slag of different heats, and the pellets are heated to generate CO/CO of reduction reaction 2 The gas decomposed by the gas and bittern promotes the pellet to be broken into small particles, and the broken small particles form a ceramic phase in a sintering state under the high-temperature calcination effect of the refining slag (by utilizing the dissipation structure theory and the grain boundary engineering theory)The refining slag casting residues of different heats are divided, so that residual molten steel in the refining slag casting residues of different heats can fully participate in the calcination reduction reaction of the dedusting ash of the sintering process, and meanwhile, the refining slag casting residues of different heats are prevented from being fused into a large block, and the cutting processing cost is reduced;
(2) Under the thermodynamic condition provided by the casting residue of the refining slag, fe, zn and Pb in the dedusting ash of the sintering process are reduced into metal by carbon-containing materials, and can also be reduced with elements such as [ Si ], [ C ], [ Al ], [ P ] and the like in the casting residue molten steel to form metal droplets or metal particles which can be melted into the residual molten steel in the casting residue of the refining slag and then recycled.
(3) The bittern is used as a binder, and chloride ions in the bittern and chloride ions in the dust removed by the sintering process exist in the tailings, so that a potential magnesium cement structure can be formed with MgO in the waste coating, resource utilization of the refined slag and the waste coating in the fields of building materials, cement, road construction and the like is facilitated, and the resource utilization value of solid wastes is improved.
(4) Heavy metal oxides of the dust removal ash are reduced and sintered by utilizing the thermodynamic characteristics of the casting residue of the refining slag, the reaction is an endothermic reaction, the reduction reaction carried out in the casting residue of the refining slag avoids the lead and zinc from diffusing into the ambient atmosphere in the form of steam after reduction under the covering effect of the refining slag, and the process aim of safely enriching the metal lead and zinc is achieved.
(5) The novel combination optimizes the gelling property of the tailings, and after the tailings are recycled, hydration reaction is carried out to form hydration reaction products, so that the function of storing harmful substances in an ore forming seal is achieved, and the harm of the harmful substances which do not participate in the reaction in the sintering dedusting ash to the environment is eliminated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the technology can solve the problem of resource utilization of the sintering process dust and the tundish waste coating in the iron and steel enterprises in full, and realize the resource utilization of solid waste. 2. The existing dust removal large-scale utilization process of the sintering process is to construct a rotary hearth furnace project or a shaft furnace project, a high-temperature calcination process is implemented after pelletizing is carried out on sintering dust removal ash, and sintering resource utilization is returned after the process tasks of pellet deleading, dezincing and potassium and sodium removal are completed. The two kinds of technological equipment have large investment, large occupied area, many matching technological links and long construction period. The method utilizes the casting residue of the refining slag to cooperatively treat the dedusting ash of the sintering process and the waste coating of the tundish, has less investment than one percent of the rotary hearth furnace project, and is suitable for compact steel mills and medium and small steel enterprises to solve the problem of resource utilization of the sintering dedusting ash and the waste coating of the tundish; 3. according to the invention, while the fly ash in the sintering process and the waste coating in the tundish of the continuous casting machine are recycled, the generated tailings mainly comprise magnesium cement, portland cement and aluminate cement clinker components, so that the recycling of the tailings is facilitated, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by casting residue powder of the refining slag is solved.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by taking a 70-ton converter production line of a certain plant as an example. The molten steel produced by the converter of the production line is refined in an LF refining furnace, 12kg of refined slag per ton of steel is produced, and 150kg of residual molten steel left in the ladle per furnace.
A method for treating sintering dust removal ash and waste coating of a continuous casting tundish is implemented according to the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing the fly ash generated in the sintering process, the waste coating of the tundish and the graphite containing more than 80% of carbon, and adding bittern MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O is used as a binder for bonding, the dosage of the binder bittern is 5-10% of the total mass of the three mixtures, and the mixture is produced into pellets of 5-15 mm by a high-pressure dry powder pelletizer; wherein the mass addition proportion of the dedusting ash in the sintering process, the tundish waste coating and the graphite is 45;
2) The pellets are transported to the refining slag casting residue pouring process point for standby;
3) Adding the pellets into an empty slag tank, wherein the adding amount of the pellets is based on the average spreading thickness of the pellets being 15-30 cm, then pouring the casting residue of the first furnace refining slag into the upper part of the pellets, adding the pellets with the same thickness into the casting residue of the refining slag after the slag pouring is finished, and then pouring the casting residue of the next furnace refining slag;
4) Repeating the above operations, after the slag tank is filled, transporting the slag tank to a steel slag processing area, standing for 120min, pouring out the casting residue of the refining slag in the slag tank, slowly cooling for 4 h, selecting large blocks of casting residue steel in the slag tank according to the processing technology of the refining slag, magnetically separating and recovering granular steel from the tailings in a steel slag magnetic separation production line, and recycling the residual tailings as raw materials in the fields of building materials, cement production, road and bridge construction and the like.
Claims (1)
1. A method for treating sintering dust removal ash and waste coating of a continuous casting tundish is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing the sintering process dust, the tundish waste coating and graphite containing more than 80% of carbon, and adding bittern MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O is used as a binder for bonding, the dosage of the binder bittern is 5-10% of the total mass of the three mixtures, and the mixture is produced into pellets of 5-15 mm by a high-pressure dry powder pelletizer; wherein the mass addition proportion of the dedusting ash in the sintering process, the tundish waste coating and the graphite is 45;
2) The pellets are transported to the refining slag casting residue pouring process point for standby;
3) Adding the pellets into an empty slag tank, wherein the adding amount of the pellets is based on the average spreading thickness of the pellets between 15 and 30cm, then pouring the residual casting slag of a first furnace into the upper parts of the pellets, adding the pellets with the same thickness into the residual casting slag of the refining slag after the slag pouring is finished, and then pouring the residual casting slag of a next furnace into the lower parts of the residual casting slag;
4) Repeating the operations, after the slag tank is filled, pulling the slag tank to a steel slag processing area, standing for 120min, pouring out the casting residue of the refining slag in the slag tank, slowly cooling for 4 h, selecting large blocks of casting residue steel in the slag tank according to the processing technology of the refining slag, magnetically separating the tailings on a steel slag magnetic separation production line to recover granular steel, and recycling the residual tailings as raw materials in the fields of building materials, cement production, road and bridge construction and the like.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116174456A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-05-30 | 新源县渣宝环保技术有限公司 | Method for cooperatively treating fly ash in Yili region by utilizing Yili converter slag |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116174456A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-05-30 | 新源县渣宝环保技术有限公司 | Method for cooperatively treating fly ash in Yili region by utilizing Yili converter slag |
| CN116174456B (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-11-24 | 新源县渣宝环保技术有限公司 | Method for cooperatively treating fly ash in Yili region by utilizing Yili converter slag |
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