CN113102854A - Automatic continuous brazing device and method for hard alloy cutter - Google Patents
Automatic continuous brazing device and method for hard alloy cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113102854A CN113102854A CN202110330187.1A CN202110330187A CN113102854A CN 113102854 A CN113102854 A CN 113102854A CN 202110330187 A CN202110330187 A CN 202110330187A CN 113102854 A CN113102854 A CN 113102854A
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- cutter
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- brazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/22—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/06—Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
- B23K3/0607—Solder feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/06—Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
- B23K3/0607—Solder feeding devices
- B23K3/0638—Solder feeding devices for viscous material feeding, e.g. solder paste feeding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/085—Cooling, heat sink or heat shielding means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of production and manufacture of wood cutting machining cutters, and discloses an automatic continuous brazing device and a brazing method for a hard alloy cutter, wherein the automatic continuous brazing device for the hard alloy cutter comprises a material tray, a mechanical arm, a laser spot welding machine, a pneumatic spot welding device, a conveying mesh belt, a brazing furnace, a cooling water circulation system, a rotary material collecting tray and a control system; the shearing strength of the hard alloy blade and the cutter body after welding can reach 205-210MPa, which is 80-100MPa higher than that of the traditional high-frequency welding or gas welding; the nitrogen protection is adopted in the furnace, so that the influence of air on the cutter is effectively eliminated, the air is not convected, the heat convection loss is reduced, the appearance of the cutter is good, oxidation and decarburization are not generated, and the surface treatment procedures of acid pickling, sand blasting and the like in the subsequent procedures can be reduced; the heating temperature in the furnace is uniform, the thermal stress is small, the product deformation is small, the cutter is not easy to crack, the products can be guaranteed to have the same quality, and the method is particularly suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production and manufacturing of wood cutting machining tools, in particular to an automatic continuous brazing device and a brazing method for a hard alloy tool.
Background
The hard alloy blade has a large difference with the thermal expansion coefficient of steel, the heat conducting property of the alloy is also poor compared with that of a cutter body material, if the welding process is improper, cold welding or overlarge stress can be caused, the blade can fall off or crack in the using process, the blade can be seriously unwelded or directly cracked after welding, and the service life of the woodworking cutter is influenced. Therefore, the welding process is critical to the service life of the blade. The most common welding of the hard alloy blade mainly comprises two processes of high-frequency welding and oxygen welding, the gas welding equipment is simple, and multiple flames can be used for heating and welding simultaneously according to the shape of a workpiece. The brazing filler metal is mostly wire-shaped or sheet-shaped copper-based or silver-based brazing filler metal, and is suitable for single-piece and small-batch production, but various uncertain factors such as selection of a gas welding torch, heat treatment after brazing and the like are more, the brazing quality reliability is lower, and for a large-sized hard alloy tool, because the temperature and the speed of flame heating are difficult to control, a larger temperature gradient can be generated during heating, and cracks are easy to generate, so the method is not generally adopted. The hard alloy cutter for high-frequency welding has complex equipment sensing ring and process, has higher requirements on the size and the shape of a workpiece, and is mostly manually operated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic continuous brazing device for a hard alloy cutter and a brazing method thereof.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
an automatic continuous brazing device for hard alloy cutters comprises a material tray, a mechanical arm, a laser spot welding machine, a pneumatic spot welding device, a conveying mesh belt, a brazing furnace, a cooling water circulation system, a rotary material receiving tray and a control system.
An automatic continuous brazing method for hard alloy cutters comprises the following specific steps:
s1, pretreatment in welding: cleaning the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, removing burrs, an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface, requiring the roughness Ra0.8-1.6 of the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, and placing the processed blade and the processed cutter body in a material tray for later use;
s2, laser positioning: the mechanical arm puts the cutter body and the blade under the light beam of the laser spot welding machine, the positions of the blade and the cutter body are fixed, the laser power is 800-;
s3, selecting solder: the solder is pure copper solder paste without oxide, and the melting point range is as follows: 1020 ℃ and 1090 ℃, and metal content: 89% -91%, tensile strength: 205-210MPa, viscosity range: 105000-145000 cP;
s4, solder smearing: coating soldering paste on a welding line of the cutter by using an air point welding device, wherein the air pressure is 100-120pa, the quantity of the spot welding material is determined according to the size of the cutter and the welding area, the width is 1-2mm, and the length is 3-15 mm;
s5, heating in a furnace chamber: setting the temperature value of a brazing furnace through a control system, wherein the brazing furnace comprises a front chamber, a middle chamber and a rear chamber, and the temperature values of the front chamber, the middle chamber and the rear chamber are sequentially set to be increased to 950 ℃, 1050 ℃ and 1090 ℃;
s6, nitrogen protection: opening a nitrogen inlet switch to inject nitrogen into the brazing furnace for protection, wherein the air pressure is ensured to be 2-2.8 pa; the nitrogen flow is controlled to be 20M3The purity of nitrogen is required to be more than 99.5 percent;
s7, boiling cooling water: starting a cooling water circulation system switch>5M3The water temperature of circulating water is less than or equal to 26 ℃, the cooling length is not less than two sections, and the length of each section is not less than 2.5 meters;
s8, decomposing ammonia, namely starting an ammonia decomposition protective gas supply deviceThe flow rate is controlled at 20M3H, the protective gas is 3H2+N2Mixed gas with dew point less than or equal to-60 ℃;
s9, opening the mesh belt: turning on a switch of the conveying mesh belt, operating the conveying mesh belt, and adjusting the speed of the conveying mesh belt by a frequency modulation knob, wherein the speed of the conveying mesh belt is 100-400mm/min according to the size of the cutter;
s10, feeding: placing the cutter coated with the soldering paste into a special stainless steel disc, and placing the special stainless steel disc into a brazing furnace conveying mesh belt, wherein the distance between every two special stainless steel discs is 500-800 mm;
s11, discharging: the welded cutter automatically enters the rotary material receiving disc.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the shearing strength of the welded hard alloy blade and the cutter body can reach 205-210MPa, which is 80-100MPa higher than that of the traditional high-frequency welding or gas welding;
(2) the nitrogen protection is adopted in the furnace, so that the influence of air on the cutter is effectively eliminated, the air is not convected, the heat convection loss is reduced, the appearance of the cutter is good, oxidation and decarburization are not generated, and the surface treatment procedures of acid pickling, sand blasting and the like in the subsequent procedures can be reduced;
(3) the heating temperature in the furnace is uniform, the thermal stress is small, the product deformation is small, the cutter is not easy to crack, the products can be guaranteed to have the same quality, and the method is particularly suitable for mass production;
(4) the water tank with the length of about 5 meters is arranged at the outlet for circulating slow cooling, so that the temperature of the workpiece is ensured to be uniform during cooling, and the phenomenon of cracking of the cutter is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural model of an automatic continuous brazing device for hard alloy tools and a brazing method thereof according to the present invention;
reference number in the figure, 1-tray; 2, a mechanical arm; 3-laser spot welding machine; 4-a pneumatic spot welding device; 5-a conveying mesh belt; 6-brazing furnace; 61-antechamber; 62-middle chamber; 63-rear chamber; 7-a cooling water circulation system; 8, rotating the material receiving disc; 9-control system.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the automatic continuous brazing device for the hard alloy cutter comprises a material tray 1, a mechanical arm 2, a laser spot welding machine 3, a pneumatic spot welding device 4, a conveying mesh belt 5, a brazing furnace 6, a cooling water circulation system 7, a rotary material receiving tray 8 and a control system 9.
An automatic continuous brazing method for hard alloy cutters comprises the following specific steps:
s1, pretreatment in welding: cleaning the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, removing burrs, an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface, requiring the roughness Ra0.8-1.6 of the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, and placing the processed blade and the processed cutter body in a material tray for later use;
s2, laser positioning: the cutter body and the blade are placed under 3 light beams of a laser spot welding machine by the mechanical arm, the positions of the blade and the cutter body are fixed, the laser power is 800 plus 1200W, the laser welding point is selected at the connecting position of the back of the blade and the cutter body, and the welding points are 2-3 in length of each 20mm and at least 2 in welding length;
s3, selecting solder: the solder is pure copper solder paste without oxide, and the melting point range is as follows: 1020 ℃ and 1090 ℃, and metal content: 89% -91%, tensile strength: 205-210MPa, viscosity range: 105000-145000 cP;
s4, solder smearing: coating soldering paste on a welding line of the cutter by using a pneumatic point welding device 4, wherein the air pressure is 100-120pa, the quantity of the spot welding material is determined according to the size of the cutter and the welding area, the width is 1-2mm, and the length is 3-15 mm;
s5, heating in a furnace chamber: the temperature value of the brazing furnace 6 is set through the control system 9, the brazing furnace 6 comprises a front chamber 61, a middle chamber 62 and a rear chamber 63, and the temperature values of the front chamber 61, the middle chamber 62 and the rear chamber 63 are sequentially set to be increased to 950 ℃, 1050 ℃ and 1090 ℃;
s6, nitrogen protection: opening a nitrogen inlet switch to inject nitrogen into the brazing furnace 6 for protection, wherein the air pressure is ensured to be 2-2.8 pa; the nitrogen flow is controlled to be 20M3The purity of nitrogen is required to be more than 99.5 percent;
s7, boiling cooling water: start-up coolingWater circulation system 7 on-off, request>5M3The water temperature of circulating water is less than or equal to 26 ℃, the cooling length is not less than two sections, and the length of each section is not less than 2.5 meters;
s8, ammonia decomposition, starting the ammonia decomposition protective gas supply device, and controlling the gas flow at 20M3H, the protective gas is 3H2+N2Mixed gas with dew point less than or equal to-60 ℃;
s9, opening the mesh belt: opening a switch of the transmission mesh belt 5, operating the transmission mesh belt 5, adjusting the speed of the transmission mesh belt 5 by a frequency modulation knob, wherein the speed of the transmission mesh belt 5 is 100-400mm/min according to the size of the cutter;
s10, feeding: placing the cutter coated with the soldering paste into a special stainless steel disc, and then placing the special stainless steel disc into a brazing furnace 6 and a conveying mesh belt 5, wherein the distance between every two special stainless steel discs is 500-800 mm;
s11, discharging: the welded cutter automatically enters the rotary material receiving disc 8.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. The automatic continuous brazing device for the hard alloy cutters is characterized by comprising a material tray (1), a mechanical arm (2), a laser spot welding machine (3), a pneumatic spot welding device (4), a conveying mesh belt (5), a brazing furnace (6), a cooling water circulating system (7), a rotary material collecting tray (8) and a control system (9).
2. An automatic continuous brazing method for hard alloy cutters, which is characterized by using the automatic continuous brazing device for hard alloy cutters as claimed in claim 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, pretreatment in welding: cleaning the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, removing burrs, an oxide layer and oil stains on the surface, requiring the roughness Ra0.8-1.6 of the welding surface of the blade and the cutter body, and placing the processed blade and the processed cutter body in a material tray (1) for later use;
s2, laser positioning: the mechanical arm (2) places the cutter body and the blade under the light beam of the laser spot welding machine (3), the positions of the blade and the cutter body are fixed, the laser power is 800-;
s3, selecting solder: the solder is pure copper solder paste without oxide, and the melting point range is as follows: 1020 ℃ and 1090 ℃, and metal content: 89% -91%, tensile strength: 205-210MPa, viscosity range: 105000-145000 cP;
s4, solder smearing: coating soldering paste on a welding line of the cutter by using a pneumatic point welding device (4), wherein the air pressure is 100-120pa, the quantity of the spot welding paste is determined according to the size of the cutter and the welding area, the width is 1-2mm, and the length is 3-15 mm;
s5, heating in a furnace chamber: setting a temperature value of the brazing furnace (6) through a control system (9), wherein the brazing furnace (6) comprises a front chamber (61), a middle chamber (62) and a rear chamber (63), and the temperature values of the front chamber (61), the middle chamber (62) and the rear chamber (63) are sequentially set to be increased to 950 ℃, 1050 ℃ and 1090 ℃;
s6, nitrogen protection: opening a nitrogen inlet switch to inject nitrogen into the brazing furnace (6) for protection, wherein the air pressure is ensured to be 2-2.8 pa; the nitrogen flow is controlled to be 20M3The purity of nitrogen is required to be more than 99.5 percent;
s7, boiling cooling water: starting a cooling water circulation system (7) to switch on and off according to the requirements>5M 3The water temperature of circulating water is less than or equal to 26 ℃, the cooling length is not less than two sections, and the length of each section is not less than 2.5 meters;
s8, ammonia decomposition, starting the ammonia decomposition protective gas supply device, and controlling the gas flow at 20M3H, the protective gas is 3H2+N 2Mixed gas with dew point less than or equal to-60 ℃;
s9, opening the mesh belt: opening a switch of the transmission mesh belt (5), operating the transmission mesh belt (5), adjusting the speed of the transmission mesh belt (5) through a frequency modulation knob, wherein the speed of the transmission mesh belt (5) is 100-400mm/min according to the size of the cutter;
s10, feeding: placing the cutter coated with the soldering paste into a special stainless steel disc, and then placing the special stainless steel disc into a brazing furnace (6) and a conveying mesh belt (5), wherein the distance between every two special stainless steel discs is 500-800 mm;
s11, discharging: the welded cutter automatically enters the rotary material receiving disc (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110330187.1A CN113102854B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Automatic continuous brazing device and method for hard alloy cutter |
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| CN202110330187.1A CN113102854B (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2021-03-29 | Automatic continuous brazing device and method for hard alloy cutter |
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| CN113102854B CN113102854B (en) | 2022-11-15 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523335A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-22 | 常州海润精密工具科技有限公司 | Hard alloy tool bit and welding method |
| CN114713929A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 浙江浪潮精密机械有限公司 | Cutter production equipment based on numerical control machining |
| CN115464398A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江华莎驰机械有限公司 | Automatic hard alloy welding production line with heat treatment |
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| CN101480671A (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2009-07-15 | 西安兰方实业有限公司 | Technique for producing double-layer copper brazing steel tube for air-conditioner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523335A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-22 | 常州海润精密工具科技有限公司 | Hard alloy tool bit and welding method |
| CN114713929A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 浙江浪潮精密机械有限公司 | Cutter production equipment based on numerical control machining |
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| CN115464398A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-12-13 | 浙江华莎驰机械有限公司 | Automatic hard alloy welding production line with heat treatment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113102854B (en) | 2022-11-15 |
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