CN105269283B - A kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutters - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutters Download PDFInfo
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- CN105269283B CN105269283B CN201510568844.0A CN201510568844A CN105269283B CN 105269283 B CN105269283 B CN 105269283B CN 201510568844 A CN201510568844 A CN 201510568844A CN 105269283 B CN105269283 B CN 105269283B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutters, comprise the following steps：1）The wire cutting of PCD blades；2）The vacuum welding of PCD blades；3）The precise laser processing of PCD cutters；4）PCD layer takes off cobalt treatment measures.By the above-mentioned means, the present invention reduces the generation of the oxidation effect of PCD cutter rake faces, while the tipping size Control of cutting edge, within 2 microns, Co, W element are uniformly distributed at cutting edge.Co, W element of knife face are also more uniform with the increase of thickness afterwards.Welding temperature is reduced using solder, reduces the graphited tendency of PCD cutters, adds cutting-tool's used life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to superhard material manufacture field, more particularly to a kind of high life PCD cutter preparation methods.
Background technology
Polycrystalline diamond（PCD）After being come out from 1972, due to inheriting the high rigidity and wearability of diamond so that
PCD cutters can obtain high production efficiency when processing various non-ferrous metals and nonmetallic materials；Meanwhile because of its hard alloy
Good welding performance between substrate and common metal so that the bending strength of cutter is significantly lifted.
The processed edge of PCD cutters essentially consists in：Higher material cutting, improves the production cycle；Per tour can process more
More parts.Compared with traditional cutting tool, cutting speed, feed speed are dramatically speeded up.Meanwhile workpiece surface quality is significantly
Improve, the features such as size Control is remarkable, surface accuracy is consistent, percent defective is low and cutter life is long.
PCD cutters are according to the different trades mark of blade, applied to different processing occasions.For example, the trade mark of GE companies 1600
Blade is adapted to the aluminium of processing request high any surface finish, copper, precious metal, synthetic wood etc.；The blade tool of the trade mark of GE companies 1800
There is double-peak type crystal, suitable for extremely harsh processing, such as glass fibre, high-density web plate, laminated floor.However, at this stage
There is the workpiece of some complicated profile evagination noodles, for example, the edge contour of mobile phone aluminium shell, automobile forming aluminum hardware
Deng.This just needs some to have the PCD cutters of concave curved region feature, and this processing just to PCD cutters brings difficulty.
The material of PCD cutters, shape, geometric angle, manufacturing process decide the cutting ability of cutter.Wherein, work is manufactured
The quality of skill directly affects cutting-tool's used life.Polycrystalline diamond, single-crystal diamond belong to superhard material, therefore, use
Traditional squash type cutting can not realize the function of cutter, let alone disclosure satisfy that heat resistance, wearability, toughness etc.
Performance indications.At this stage, grinding, spark eroding processing, laser mainly add for PCD manufacturing process both at home and abroad
Work, chemical process etc..The advantages of grinding is that rear knife face can form certain Microscopic grooves, can effectively store cutting fluid
Body, improve cutting-tool's used life.Shortcoming is sharpening time length, and machining period is grown；Secondly as emery wheel cusp processing PCD
Limitation, concave shaped complex outline can not be processed.
Its top layer carbon of the diamond layer of galvano-cautery finished surface mainly exists as an amorphous form, amorphous state and crystalline phases
Than having preferable mechanical property, still, because electric spark is a kind of processing mode of high temperature discharge so that polycrystalline diamond table
There is obvious graphitization phenomenon in layer, therefore, galvano-cautery processing method is applied to the roughing of concave shaped complex outline.
Laser processing procedure is a kind of photochemical and thermal reaction process.Because Laser Processing belongs to noncontact processing, the processing of cutter becomes
Shape and thermal deformation are small, and process velocity is fast, efficiency high, therefore can be competent at the cutting edge to PCD cutters, rear knife face and melt bits groove
Finishing.But because laser still falls within hot-working, finished surface still suffers from micro- graphitic layers, therefore, laser machine there is also
The aftertreatment technology for removing graphite linings.
The cobalt content of PCD cutters directly affects cutting-tool's used life, and it can be played between being uniformly distributed in diamond
The effect of intensity is improved, but the cobalt of some irregular distributions can improve the residual stress of PCD cutters, reduce service life.And
And the life-span of PCD cutters is also relevant with the content of metallic cobalt, cobalt content is higher, and it is influenced by heat more serious；Cobalt content is lower, its
Toughness is poorer.
Therefore, traditional cutter preparation technology can not meet concave shaped complex outline PCD cutters performance and
The requirement in life-span, the processing of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutters is carried out there is an urgent need to a kind of new fabricating technology, reduced
Process time, cutting edge collapses scarce, increase cutting-tool's used life after reduction processing.
The content of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of a kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutters is provided, can reduce
The generation of the oxidation effect of PCD cutter rake faces, while the tipping size Control of cutting edge, within 2 microns, Co, W are first at cutting edge
Element is uniformly distributed.Co, W element of knife face are also more uniform with the increase of thickness afterwards.Welding is reduced using Ag, Cu, Cd solder
Temperature, reduce the graphited tendency of PCD cutters, add cutting-tool's used life.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is：A kind of concave shaped complex outline is provided
PCD cutters and its ultraprecise high efficiency preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）PCD composite sheets are cut：16P and 12P PCD composite sheets are cut into some pieces respectively using the method for wire cutting
PCD blades；
2）Blade welds：PCD blades are welded on tool matrix, obtain PCD cutters；
3）The precise laser processing of PCD cutters：According to the design requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, laser is utilized
Cutter device carries out lasser cutting to PCD cutters；Wherein, 0.07 ~ 0.5mm of cutting-in, wide 0.02 ~ 0.07mm, focal length position are cut
0mm is set to, incidence angle is 5 ~ 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 1538 ~ 3125HZ, and laser power is 25 ~ 70W；
4）PCD layer takes off cobalt processing：Using the method for dispersion coating, the appearance in the part in addition to polycrystalline diamond layer
Face sprays Teflon.PCD cutters after coating are put into cobalt liquor, at a certain temperature, uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, instead
Answer the regular hour；Then take out PCD cutters.
Preferably, in step 2）In, PCD blades are placed on 450 ° of isothermal holding 30min in vacuum brazing stove before welding.
Preferably, in step 2）In, PCD blades are placed in vacuum brazing stove 700 ° in welding, weld interval is
5min。
Preferably, in step 3）In, laser processing parameter is one kind in following parameter combination：
Parameter combination 1：First relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/45HZ, laser power 67W.First relief angle finishes：
Cutting-in 0.5mm, wide 0.04mm above being cut, the wide 0.04mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond,
Frequency is 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning：Cutting-in 0.25mm, above cuts width
0.04mm, incision wide 0.04mm, focal position 0mm, incidence angle are 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 76923/50HZ,
Laser power is 27W.Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, wide 0.02mm is above cut, the wide 0.02mm of incision, focal position 0mm, is entered
Firing angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/40HZ, laser power 25W.
Parameter combination 2：First relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 6 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 67W.First relief angle finishes：Cut
Deep 0.5mm, wide 0.04mm is above cut, the wide 0.04mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency
Rate is 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts width
0.02mm, incision wide 0.02mm, focal position 0mm, incidence angle are 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 35714/50HZ,
Laser power is 27W.Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, wide 0.02mm is above cut, the wide 0.02mm of incision, focal position 0mm, is entered
Firing angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 25W.
Preferably, in step 4）In, it is described to go the cobalt liquor to be：The concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid are respectively according to 20at%, with pure
Water purification is done in the solution of solvent, and reaction temperature is arranged to 90 °, and uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, reacts 3 hours.
Preferably, in step 1）In, the PCD composite sheets are respectively 16P and 12P materials, diamond in 16P materials
Granularity is 4 microns, and the volume content of diamond is PCD thickness 0.6mm in 90%, PCD composite sheets；Diamond in 12P materials
Granularity be 2 microns, the volume content of diamond is PCD thickness 0.55mm in 92%, PCD composite sheets.
Preferably, in step 2）In, the tool matrix is WC/Co hard alloy.
Preferably, in step 1）In, the blade cut into has the curved surface profile of inner concave shape.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The preferred laser processing parameter of the present invention, improve knife face after PCD forming tools
Surface quality, the tipping quantity and size of cutting edge are effectively controlled, improve the cost performance of PCD forming tools.Cutting edge tipping
Size is can be controlled within 2 microns, and tooth profile uniformity is good.The present invention reduces the oxidation effect of PCD cutter rake faces
Produce, while the tipping size Control of cutting edge, within 2 microns, Co, W element are uniformly distributed at cutting edge.Co, W member of knife face afterwards
Element is also more uniform with the increase of thickness.Welding temperature is reduced using Ag, Cu, Cd solder, it is graphited to reduce PCD cutters
Tendency, adds cutting-tool's used life.The shaping PCD cutters prepared using such a method can be with 2500 aluminium of continuous cutting
Phone housing processed is molded curved surface, and it is good to cut rear workpiece surface roughness retentivity, in Ra0.02 microns.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only the part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is common based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area
All other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belong to the model that the present invention protects
Enclose.
The laser processing technology of the present invention, comprises the following steps：Drawn using AutoCAD softwares, protected with DXF forms
Deposit, system energy automatic identification DXF files are simultaneously imported in processing sets up system；Then the position of probe and the side of traveling are set
Formula；5 ° of the first relief angles in setting axial direction, 7.5 ° of the first relief angles of radial direction；Tool sharpening parameter is set；By concave shaped PCD knives
Tool is arranged on handle of a knife, after installing workpiece, according to the probe route designed in advance, and the position of detection PCD blades and angle；
Arrange according to program parameter, PCD cutters are laser machined.After machining, remove cutter and send quality inspection room to carry out quality inspection
Test.
Below, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutters and its ultraprecise high efficiency preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1）By the 1.6-16P composite sheets of a monoblock diameter 58mm, cut using the mode of line cutting slow wire feeding, according to
It is required that it is cut into some pieces of PCD blades.1.6-12P also do same processing.
2）Blade welds：Hand held PC D composite sheets, with green silicon carbide wheel grinding.Then, chamfering is carried out to composite sheet,
With placement direction filing PCD composite sheet of the file along solder, composite sheet is put into acetone soln, it is clear in ultrasonic cleaner
Wash, dry standby.Tool matrix is also done to same processing.First low temperature fluxes are coated in cutter cutter groove, it is compound then to place PCD
Piece.Then cutter is put into during vacuum welding picks, then control brazing temperature is incubated 30min from room temperature to 450 °；Heating
To 550 °, 3min is then incubated；700 ° are warming up to, is then incubated 5min；450 ° are reduced the temperature to, is then incubated 30min.Finally
With stove Slow cooling.Wherein, solder flux Ag, Cu, Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn, Si solder flux.
3）The processing of PCD cutting edges and thereafter knife face：According to the design requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, using swashing
Light cutter device carries out lasser cutting to PCD cutters；Wherein, the first relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, wide 0.07mm is above cut,
Incision wide 0.06mm, focal position 0mm, incidence angle are 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/45HZ, laser work(
Rate is 67W.First relief angle finishes：Cutting-in 0.5mm, wide 0.04mm, incision wide 0.04mm, focal position 0mm are above cut, it is incident
Angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle superfinishing add
Work：Cutting-in 0.25mm, wide 0.04mm is above cut, the wide 0.04mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 micro-
Second, frequency 76923/50HZ, laser power 27W.Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, and incision is wide
0.02mm, focal position 0mm, incidence angle are 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/40HZ, and laser power is
25W。
4）The de- cobalt processing of blade：Before Teflon is sprayed, first by PCD cutters successively by cleaning fluid ultrasonic wave cleaning 10
~ 15 minutes, deionized water rinsed 3 ~ 5 times, is put into vacuum drying chamber 120 °C and dries 1 hour.Then sprayed using dispersion coating
Apply, a protective layer is formed by Teflon is sprayed on the outer surface of the part in addition to polycrystalline diamond of PCD cutters；Then will
PCD cutters, which are placed in baker, to be heated, and temperature control is below 100 °C, until most solvent volatilizees, finally passes through 200 ° again
C, the hot setting of 30 minutes.Then PCD cutters are put into cobalt liquor, 90 °C of temperature, uniform stirring goes cobalt liquor 3 small
When, then take out PCD cutters, cleaning treatment to neutrality；The Teflon sprayed on the outer surface of PCD cutters is finally removed, is produced.
It is severe corrosive chemical solution to remove cobalt liquor, and its formula is：0.98 concentrated sulfuric acid 20at%, nitric acid 20at%, phosphoric acid 20at%, with
Pure water makees solvent.
Contrast with the life-span for the cutter of 800：
1st, contrast of the PCD molding cutters rake face produced by the present invention with the life-span for the cutter of 800, cutter rake face
Oxidated layer thickness is less than existing processing technology.
2nd, PCD molding cutters cutting edge produced by the present invention and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800, the Co at cutting edge roundness
Distribution with W is better than existing process than more uniform.
3rd, knife face and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800 after PCD molding cutters produced by the present invention, knife face after cutter
Co and W comparision contents are balanced, and tissue is more uniform.
4th, contrast of the PCD molding cutters weld seam produced by the present invention with the life-span for the cutter of 800, cutter commissure solder
Than more uniform, weld seam is smaller.
Embodiment 2：
The characteristics of the present embodiment is：First relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision are above cut, it is burnt
It is 0mm away from position, incidence angle is 6 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 67W.First relief angle
Finishing：Cutting-in 0.5mm, wide 0.04mm is above cut, the wide 0.04mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is
0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning：Cutting-in 0.3mm, on
Cut wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 35714/
50HZ, laser power 27W.Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 25W.
Contrast test：
By the method for cobalt processing of adding up with individually using Laser Processing, electric spark compound with electric spark, individually
The cutter of processing carries out the allumen contrast of the system of milling 7, under the premise of cutting factor identical, compares experiment, every kind of knife
Tool respectively takes 3, totally 12.It it is individually 300 with the number of packages in electric spark machine-shaping face；Individually with the part of Laser Processing forming surface
Number is 800；Electric spark, the number of packages of laser Compound Machining forming surface are 1500；And use improved welding procedure and swash
Plus subsequently going cobalt to handle, the number of packages in machine-shaping face is 2500 for light processing.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair
The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright description is made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related technology necks
Domain, it is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutters, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）PCD composite sheets are cut：16P and 12P PCD composite sheets are cut into some pieces of PCD respectively using the method for wire cutting
Blade；
2）Blade welds：PCD blades are welded on tool matrix, obtain PCD cutters, using vacuum welding method, 0 ~
450 °C, with 20 °C/min speed increase welding furnace temperature, and 3min is incubated 450 °C of moment；Continue with 20 °C/min speed
Degree increase welding furnace temperature is incubated 3min to 550 °C；Continue the speed increase welding furnace temperature with 20 °C/min to 700 °C, weldering
It is 5min to connect the time；
3）The precise laser processing of PCD cutters：According to the design requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, laser cutting is utilized
Device carries out lasser cutting to PCD cutters；Wherein, 0.07 ~ 0.5mm of cutting-in, cuts wide 0.02 ~ 0.07mm, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 5 ~ 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 1538 ~ 3125HZ, and laser power is 25 ~ 70W；
4）PCD layer takes off cobalt processing：Using the method for dispersion coating, sprayed in the outer surface of the part in addition to polycrystalline diamond layer
Teflon is applied, the PCD cutters after coating are put into cobalt liquor, at a certain temperature, uniform stirring goes cobalt liquor, reaction one
The fixed time；Then take out PCD cutters.
2. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2）In, welding
The preceding hard alloy surface to PCD composite sheets carries out blasting treatment, and carries out the techniques such as chamfering, filing successively.
3. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2）In, welding
Afterwards, cutter is put into vacuum drying oven and carries out Slow cooling, speed is 10 °C/min, and takes out cutter below 200 °C of temperature.
4. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 3）In, laser adds
Work parameter is one kind in following parameter combination：
1）Parameter combination 1：
First relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, incision wide 0.06mm, focal position 0mm, and incidence angle is
10 °, pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/45HZ, laser power 67W；
First relief angle finishes：Cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, incision wide 0.04mm, focal position 0mm, and incidence angle is
10 °, pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W；
Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning：Cutting-in 0.25mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 76923/50HZ, laser power 27W；
Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, wide 0.02mm is above cut, the wide 0.02mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 5 °, arteries and veins
A width of 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/40HZ, laser power 25W；
2）Parameter combination 2：
First relief angle is opened slightly：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, incision wide 0.06mm, focal position 0mm, and incidence angle is
6 °, pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 67W；
First relief angle finishes：Cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, incision wide 0.04mm, focal position 0mm, and incidence angle is
10 °, pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, frequency 100000/32HZ, laser power 70W；
Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning：Cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is
0mm, incidence angle are 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, frequency 35714/50HZ, laser power 27W；
Polishing：Cutting-in 0.07mm, wide 0.02mm is above cut, the wide 0.02mm of incision, focal position 0mm, incidence angle is 5 °, arteries and veins
A width of 0.8 microsecond, frequency 37037/50HZ, laser power 25W.
5. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 4）In, go cobalt molten
Liquid is：The concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid respectively according to 20at%, are done in the solution of solvent with pure water, and reaction temperature is arranged to 90 °,
Cobalt liquor is removed in even stirring, reacts 3 hours, finally takes out PCD cutters.
6. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1）In, it is described
PCD composite sheets are respectively 16P and 12P materials, and the granularity of diamond is 4 microns in 16P materials, and the volume content of diamond is
PCD thickness 0.6mm in 90%, PCD composite sheet；The granularity of diamond is 2 microns in 12P materials, the volume content of diamond
For PCD thickness 0.55mm in 92%, PCD composite sheets.
7. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2）In, the knife
Tool matrix is WC/Co hard alloy.
8. the preparation method of high life PCD cutters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1）In, cut
Into blade there is the curved surface profile of inner concave shape.
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| CN103659211B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-04-06 | 上海现代先进超精密制造中心有限公司 | A kind of method of processing silicon carbide blade |
| CN104128783B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-08-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of manufacture method of the micro-milling cutter of single point diamond |
| CN104440004B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳市迈高机械工具有限公司 | A kind of processing method of PCD cutting edge roundness |
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2015
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Address after: No. 58, Wanquan Road, Xishan Economic Development Zone, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Guohong tool system (Wuxi) Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 214101 Furong three road, Xishan Economic Development Zone, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, No. 5 Applicant before: Wuxi Guohong Measuring & Cutting Tools Co., Ltd. |
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