CN113089120A - Method for preparing poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber by one-step method - Google Patents
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
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- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber by a one-step method, which comprises the following steps: (1) building a microfluid injection device; (2) dissolving the poly-3-hexylthiophene to form a solution; (3) heating the solution obtained in the step (2) in a water bath until the poly-3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved; (4) then naturally cooling to room temperature; (5) sucking the solution obtained in the step (4) by using a syringe; (6) connecting the syringe to the microfluidic transfer tubing; (7) the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution in the injector is conveyed into a microfluid conveying pipeline by using an injection pump, so that microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the microfluid of the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution through a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device; (8) and (4) collecting the solution obtained in the step (7) into a solution collecting bottle. The method has simple process, synchronously couples various physical fields to a solution processing system, and has the advantages of fast processing, high efficiency, easy control and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing poly (3-hexylthiophene) fibers by a one-step method, belonging to the technical field of semiconductor materials.
Background
The easy processability of the solution of the conjugated polymer semiconductor such as poly-3-hexylthiophene is beneficial to large-area manufacture of organic electronic devices and cost reduction. Improving the charge transport properties of organic semiconductor thin films is crucial to many applications of organic electronic devices, such as Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs), Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), Organic Field Effect Transistors (OFETs), and the like. Although the development of conjugated polymer materials with intrinsic high mobility is a fundamental effort direction for obtaining high-performance organic electronic devices, the fabrication process of organic electronic devices and the regulation and control of condensed state structures of thin films, such as the crystallization of materials during processing, the precise manipulation of molecular aggregation states and orientation structures, are of great importance for the optimization and stability of device performance.
At present, methods for processing a conjugated polymer solution to improve molecular crystallization and orientation are more limited to single external field treatment or several external field technologies for step-by-step sequential treatment, including modes of solution spin coating, annealing, solvent atmosphere annealing, ultrasound, an electric field, a flow field and the like, and a method for synchronously coupling and processing a plurality of external fields such as the flow field, a temperature field, an ultrasound field and the like is not available for regulating and controlling nucleation and orientation of conjugated polymer molecules in solution processing.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for preparing poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber by one-step method. The method is a method for processing conjugated polymer solution by microfluid in a multi-physical-field one-step method, and a flow field, a temperature field and an ultrasonic field are simultaneously coupled and act on a solution microfluid system to promote molecular chain orientation and crystal nucleus growth of conjugated polymer molecules in the solution. The method can realize the molecular self-assembly of the solution processing mother liquor and the formation of the aggregate pre-ordered structure, and can be directly used for preparing the organic semiconductor film without a large amount of additional operation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber by one-step method, the width of the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber is 10-30nm, and the length is 100-300 nm. Improving the electrical property of the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber semiconductor film and expanding the application field thereof.
A method for preparing poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber by one-step method comprises the following steps:
(1) setting up a microfluidic injection device, the device comprising: the device comprises a heat-source-free medical injector, an injection pump, a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device, a solution collecting bottle and a microfluid conveying pipeline, wherein the injector is transversely arranged on the injection pump, and the liquid outlet end of the injector is connected with the microfluid conveying pipeline; the injection pump is provided with a driving rod, the driving rod is connected with the injector, the driving rod can push the injector to input the solution into the microfluid conveying pipeline, and the other end of the microfluid conveying pipeline is connected with a solution collecting bottle; wherein the microfluid delivery conduit is positioned in a water bath of a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device;
(2) dissolving poly-3-hexylthiophene in a toluene solvent to form a solution of 1mg/ml-3 mg/ml;
(3) heating the solution prepared in the step (2) in a water bath at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ until the poly-3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved;
(4) after the solution is completely dissolved, naturally cooling to room temperature;
(5) sucking the solution obtained in the step (4) by using a syringe;
(6) connecting the injector to the fluid conveying pipeline in the step (1) and installing the injector on a syringe pump;
(7) the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution in the injector is conveyed into a microfluidic conveying fluid pipeline by using an injection pump, so that microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment is synchronously carried out on the microfluid of the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution through a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device;
(8) and (3) collecting the solution subjected to the microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment in the step (7) into a solution collecting bottle to obtain a poly (3-hexylthiophene) fiber solution. The poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solution is formed by one-step microfluid treatment through multiple physical fields (a flowing field, a temperature field and an ultrasonic field).
Further, in the step (2), the concentration of the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution was 3 mg/ml. The molecular weight of the poly-3-hexylthiophene is 58 kDA.
Further, in step (3), the prepared solution was heated in a water bath at 70 ℃. When the solution appeared bright orange, indicating that the poly 3-hexylthiophene was completely dissolved.
Further, in the step (7), the injection rate of the injection pump is 9-24 ml/min; preferably, in step (7), the injection rate of the syringe pump is 18 ml/min.
Further, in the step (7), the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is set to be 10-20 ℃; preferably, in the step (7), the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is set to be 15 ℃.
Further, in the step (7), the ultrasonic frequency in the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is 28KHz-40 KHz; preferably, in the step (7), the ultrasonic frequency in the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is 40 KHz.
Further, the width of the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber in the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solution prepared in the step (8) is 10-30nm, and the length is 100-300 nm; preferably, the width of the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber in the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solution prepared in the step (8) is 20nm, and the length is 100-300 nm.
Further, in step (1), the microfluid transfer pipeline is a polytetrafluoroethylene transfer pipeline; the syringe pump is used in a laboratory. The polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipeline is 3.0m in length, 600 μm in inner diameter and 800 μm in outer diameter. The syringe is a 10ml syringe.
The method for preparing the poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber by the one-step method simultaneously couples three external field effects of a flowing field, a temperature field and an ultrasonic field, has mild reaction conditions, simple and efficient experimental process and stable product property, and the obtained poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber mother liquor can be directly used for preparing subsequent films and is applied to the fields of organic field effect transistors, organic solar cells, thermoelectric materials and the like.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the method has simple process, synchronously couples various physical fields to a solution processing system, and has the advantages of quick processing, high efficiency, easy control and the like. The method not only can realize the self-assembly of the conjugated polymer solution in the microfluid pretreatment system, but also can directly use the conjugated polymer solution as a continuous fluid process without a large amount of additional operation to prepare the organic semiconductor film. The product of the invention is directly used for preparing the organic field effect transistor by spin coating, and the electrical property of the organic field effect transistor is obviously improved compared with single external field treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of construction of a microfluidic injection device according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cryo-electron microscope (cryo-TEM) image of a solution of poly-3-hexylthiophene fibers formed by multi-physical field one-step microfluidics processing according to example 2;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the surface morphology (AFM) of the thin film prepared by spin coating of the poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber solution formed by multi-physical-field one-step microfluid processing in example 2.
In FIG. 1, 1-laboratory syringe pump; 2-medical injector without heat source; 3-a polytetrafluoroethylene delivery conduit; 4-temperature control ultrasonic water bath device; 5-solution collection bottle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be described by other means without departing from the technical features of the present invention, and therefore all changes within the scope of the present invention or the equivalent scope of the present invention are encompassed by the present invention.
The test equipment and test conditions used in the following examples are as follows:
(A) cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) test: the samples were observed at-170 ℃ using a FEI 200kV field emission transmission electron microscope;
(B) detection equipment for Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) test: AFM measurements Using a Bruker Dimension Icon atomic force microscope, a probe with a silicon tip (RTESPA-300, Bruker) was selected for thin film testing in tapping mode;
(C) and a detection device for carrier mobility: electrical performance testing was performed using the C-6 probe station of Taiwan Haiye corporation and Keithley2400 source Table.
Example 1:
a microfluidic injection device was constructed, as shown in fig. 1, which mainly comprised: the device comprises an injection pump 1 (Baoding Leifye fluid science and technology limited, TYD01-01 laboratory injection pump) for a laboratory, a non-heat source medical injector 2, a polytetrafluoroethylene transmission pipeline 3, a temperature control ultrasonic water bath device 4 (JF-1006, Jinfeng ultrasonic equipment limited, Yongkang) and a solution collecting bottle 5; wherein, the medical injector 2 without heat source is transversely arranged on the laboratory injection pump 1, and the liquid outlet end of the medical injector 2 without heat source is connected with the polytetrafluoroethylene transmission pipeline 3; the injection pump 1 is provided with a driving rod, the driving rod is connected with the injector 2, the driving rod can push the injector 2 to pump a solution into the microfluid transmission pipeline 3, and the other end of the microfluid transmission pipeline 3 is connected with a solution collecting bottle 5; wherein the microfluid delivery tube 3 is positioned in a water bath of a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath apparatus 4.
The polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipe 3 had a length of 3.0m, an inner diameter of 600 μm and an outer diameter of 800 μm.
The pyrogen-free medical injector 2 is a 10ml injector.
When the microfluid injection device is used, a conjugated polymer solution is sucked into an injector 2 for a laboratory, the injector 2 is connected to a polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipeline 3, the injector 2 is installed on an injection pump 1, a driving rod pushes the injector 2 to pump the conjugated polymer solution into the microfluid conveying pipeline 3, the conjugated polymer solution passes through the microfluid conveying pipeline 3, a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4 carries out heat exchange and ultrasonic treatment on the conjugated polymer solution flowing through the polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipeline 3 and flowing through the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device, and the conjugated polymer solution subjected to the heat exchange and ultrasonic treatment flows into a solution collecting bottle 5.
Wherein, a polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipeline 3 for conveying the conjugated polymer solution can make the conjugated polymer solution flow in the polytetrafluoroethylene pipeline. The temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4 can carry out temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment on the conveyed conjugated polymer solution, can carry out heat exchange and ultrasonic treatment on the conjugated polymer solution flowing through the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4 through the polytetrafluoroethylene conveying pipeline 3, and realizes ultrasonic and temperature control on the conjugated polymer solution flowing through the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4. The solution collecting bottle 5 for collecting the conjugated polymer solution is matched with the conveying pipeline, and can collect the conjugated polymer solution flowing into the solution recovery device through the polytetrafluoroethylene pipeline.
Example 2:
weighing poly 3-hexylthiophene with molecular weight of 58kDA, dissolving in toluene solvent to form 3mg/ml solution, heating the prepared solution in 70 ℃ water bath, and indicating that the poly 3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved when the solution is bright orange. After the solution was completely dissolved, it was left at room temperature until the solution was cooled to ambient temperature. The microfluidic injection device of example 1 was used. Using a syringe pump of a non-heat source medical syringe (10ml) sterilized by ethylene oxide to suck 6ml of the solution, transversely installing a non-heat source medical syringe 2 on a laboratory syringe pump 1, connecting a driving rod on the syringe pump 1 of the micro-fluid injection device, using the syringe pump 1 to transmit the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution in the non-heat source medical syringe 2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene transmission pipeline 3, the injection rate of the injection pump 1 is 18ml/min, so that microfluid temperature-variable ultrasonic treatment is carried out on the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution microfluid through a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4, the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4 is set to be 20 ℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, and the solution subjected to the microfluid temperature-variable ultrasonic treatment is collected into a solution collecting bottle 5 to obtain a poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber solution formed by the multi-external-field microfluid treatment.
The microscopic morphology of the solution in the glass state of the solution in the embodiment is observed in a transmission mode by using a cryoelectron microscope to obtain a cryo-TEM image, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 2, in the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution formed by one-step processing through multiple physical fields, the fiber length is 100-300nm and the width is about 20 nm; the solution of this example was spin coated onto a pre-cleaned silicon wafer to prepare a solid thin film with a thickness of about 200nm, and the surface morphology was subjected to AFM testing with a phase diagram as shown in fig. 3, forming a typical fiber interpenetrating structure.
Example 3:
weighing poly 3-hexylthiophene with molecular weight of 58kDA, dissolving in toluene solvent to form 3mg/ml solution, heating the prepared solution in 70 ℃ water bath, and indicating that the poly 3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved when the solution is bright orange. After the solution was completely dissolved, it was left at room temperature until the solution was cooled to ambient temperature. The microfluidic injection device of example 1 was used. Using a syringe pump of a non-heat source medical syringe (10ml) sterilized by ethylene oxide to suck 6ml of the solution, transversely installing the syringe 2 on the laboratory syringe pump 1, connecting to a driving rod on the syringe pump 1 of the micro-fluid injection device, using the syringe pump 1 to transfer the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution in the non-heat source medical syringe 2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene transfer pipeline 3, the injection rate of the injection pump is 9ml/min, so that the microfluid of the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution is subjected to microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment by a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4, the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4 is set to be 15 ℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, and the solution subjected to microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment is collected into a solution collecting bottle 5 to obtain the poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber solution formed by the multi-external-field microfluid treatment.
Example 4:
weighing poly 3-hexylthiophene with molecular weight of 58kDA, dissolving in toluene solvent to form 3mg/ml solution, heating the prepared solution in 70 ℃ water bath, and indicating that the poly 3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved when the solution is bright orange. After the solution was completely dissolved, it was left at room temperature until the solution was cooled to ambient temperature. The microfluidic injection device of example 1 was used. Using a syringe pump of a non-heat source medical syringe (10ml) sterilized by ethylene oxide to suck 6ml of the solution, transversely installing the syringe 2 on the laboratory syringe pump 1, connecting to a driving rod on the syringe pump 1 of the micro-fluid injection device, using the syringe pump 1 to transfer the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution in the non-heat source medical syringe 2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene transfer pipeline 3, the injection rate of the injection pump is 24ml/min, so that the microfluid of the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution is subjected to microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment by a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device 4, the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is set to be 10 ℃, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, and the solution subjected to microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment is collected into a solution collecting bottle 5 to obtain the poly-3-hexylthiophene fiber solution formed by the multi-external-field microfluid treatment.
Example 5:
the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solution obtained in example 2 was correlated with the film properties to prepare an organic field effect transistor for electrical property testing, and no physical field treatment or single substance was usedThe performance of the film prepared by the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution treated by physical field is compared, and the comparative example 1 is the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution obtained without physical field treatment; comparative example 2 is poly 3-hexylthiophene solution processed in a single ultrasonic field (ultrasonic frequency 40KHz, time 2 minutes); comparative example 3 is a poly 3-hexylthiophene solution obtained from a single flow field process (flow rate 18 ml/min); the poly 3-hexylthiophene solutions used in the above comparative examples 1 to 3 were solutions each having a concentration of 3mg/ml, in which poly 3-hexylthiophene (having a molecular weight of 58kDA) was dissolved in a toluene solvent. Preparation of organic field effect transistor with 285nm thick SiO2The heavily n-doped silicon wafer of the dielectric layer is used as a substrate, and a source electrode and a drain electrode are manufactured on the substrate by a micro-nano process, wherein the length (L) of a channel is 100 mu m, and the width (W) of the channel is 1500 mu m. And spin-coating the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution obtained by the various processing ways on the silicon wafer, and controlling the thickness of the prepared polymer film to be about 200nm, so as to obtain the OFET device with the bottom gate bottom contact structure to perform electrical characterization of the poly-3-hexylthiophene film. The OFET device electrical characterization adopts C-6 probe station of Taiwan Yiye corporation and Keithley2400 source table to perform electrical performance test, and drain voltage VD＝-60V。
Referring to table 1, table 1 is a comparison of carrier mobility of organic field effect transistors obtained by direct spin coating of poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solutions prepared in example 2 of the present invention, and organic field effect transistors obtained by direct spin coating of poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solutions prepared in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3, respectively.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Carrier mobility (× 10)-3cm2 V-1s-1) |
| Example 2 | 34.98 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.44 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20.70 |
| Comparative example 3 | 18.26 |
It can be seen that the electrical performance of the organic field effect transistor which is obtained by microfluid processing in a multi-physical field one-step method and is formed by spin coating of a poly-3-hexylthiophene solution is remarkably improved, and the carrier mobility of the organic field effect transistor prepared by the method is improved by about 60-80% compared with the performance of a thin film processed by a single physical field, and is improved by about 1400% compared with the performance of a thin film processed without a physical external field.
It should be noted that, according to the above embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can fully implement the full scope of the present invention as defined by the independent claims and the dependent claims, and implement the processes and methods as the above embodiments; and the invention has not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber by one-step method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting up a microfluidic injection device, the device comprising: the device comprises a heat-source-free medical injector, an injection pump, a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device, a solution collecting bottle and a microfluid conveying pipeline, wherein the injector is transversely arranged on the injection pump, and the liquid outlet end of the injector is connected with the microfluid conveying pipeline; the injection pump is provided with a driving rod, the driving rod is connected with the injector, and the driving rod can push the injector to input the solution into the microfluid conveying pipeline; the other end of the microfluid conveying pipeline is connected with a solution collecting bottle; wherein the microfluid delivery conduit is positioned in a water bath of a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device;
(2) dissolving poly-3-hexylthiophene in a toluene solvent to form a solution of 1mg/ml-3 mg/ml;
(3) heating the solution prepared in the step (2) in a water bath at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ until the poly-3-hexylthiophene is completely dissolved;
(4) after the solution is completely dissolved, naturally cooling to room temperature;
(5) sucking the solution obtained in the step (4) by using a syringe;
(6) connecting the injector to the microfluid conveying pipeline in the step (1), and installing the injector on a syringe pump;
(7) the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution in the injector is conveyed into a microfluid conveying pipeline by using an injection pump, so that microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment is synchronously carried out on the microfluid of the poly 3-hexylthiophene solution through a temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device;
(8) and (3) collecting the solution subjected to the microfluid temperature-changing ultrasonic treatment in the step (7) into a solution collecting bottle to obtain a poly (3-hexylthiophene) fiber solution.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the concentration of the poly-3-hexylthiophene solution is 3 mg/ml.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (7), the injection rate of the syringe pump is 9-24 ml/min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (7), the syringe pump injection rate is 18 ml/min.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is set to be 10-20 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the temperature of the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is set to be 15 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the ultrasonic frequency in the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is 28KHz-40 KHz.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the ultrasonic frequency in the temperature-controlled ultrasonic water bath device is 40 KHz.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber in the poly 3-hexylthiophene fiber solution prepared in step (8) is 10-30nm, and the length is 100-300 nm.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the microfluidic transfer tubing is a polytetrafluoroethylene transfer tubing; the injection pump is a micro-injection pump for a laboratory.
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