CN113080154A - Method for recycling silkworm breeding waste - Google Patents
Method for recycling silkworm breeding waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN113080154A CN113080154A CN202110542472.XA CN202110542472A CN113080154A CN 113080154 A CN113080154 A CN 113080154A CN 202110542472 A CN202110542472 A CN 202110542472A CN 113080154 A CN113080154 A CN 113080154A
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- silkworm
- waste
- rearing
- recycling
- breeding
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- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009366 sericulture Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000003181 Panax pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 7
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000255783 Bombycidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003143 Panax notoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000180649 Panax notoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
Abstract
The invention discloses a recycling method of silkworm breeding waste, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) recovering waste on a rearing bed in the silkworm rearing process; (2) carbonizing treatment of the waste; (3) and (4) recycling the carbide. Through carrying out innocent carbonization to the discarded object of sericulture in-process production, carry out differentiation cyclic utilization to the carbide, can realize the zero release of the harmful rubbish of sericulture in-process, reduce the sericulture input, increase the output and the quality of silkworm cocoon. Has important significance for promoting the large-scale, high-quality and sustainable development of the mulberry industry and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding, and particularly relates to a method for recycling silkworm breeding wastes, which can improve the utilization rate of resources and reduce the pollution of the wastes to the environment.
Background
Silkworm (silkworm)Bombyx mori L.) has been artificially domesticated for 8500 years in China, belongs to the lepidoptera family of Bombycidae and completely metamorphotic insects, and has four insect states including eggs, larvae, pupae and imagoes (moths). The four bombyx mori have different insect state development and different in-vivo and in-vitro characteristics: the ovum is the embryo development stage, the larva is the stage of taking nutrition from the outside, the pupa is the transition stage of completing the metamorphosis from the larva to the moth, and the adult is the completionAnd (5) a stage of generating and reproducing offspring. The breeding of silkworms is one of the most important links in the production of silkworms because the larvae of the silkworms need to take in a large amount of nutrition from the outside.
The breeding cycle of silkworm larvae is about 25 days, a large amount of mulberry leaves need to be fed, about 650kg of fresh mulberry leaves are needed for 1 silkworm seed (25000 grains), 40 kg-45 kg of fresh silkworm cocoons can be generated, 700-705 kg of wastes which can be produced by adding auxiliary materials such as coke bran, lime and the like mainly comprise silkworm excrement, the rest of mulberry leaves, sick silkworms, dead silkworms, weak silkworms and silkworm drugs. Because the waste contains diseased silkworms, the silkworm excrement is not advocated to be directly used as fertilizer in farmlands, because the spread of pathogen can influence the spread of silkworm diseases; in addition, a large amount of lime and formaldehyde silkworm drugs are used in the silkworm breeding process, and the lime and formaldehyde silkworm drugs are directly applied to farmlands, so that the physical and chemical properties of soil can be changed. With the scale promotion of silkworm breeding, the discharge of wastes everywhere seriously affects the ecological environment, and the reuse of the wastes becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
On the other hand, the traditional silkworm breeding process needs to use the chaff (carbonized rice hulls) which is mainly used for drying and isolating the silkworm rearing bed, the use of the chaff before feeding silkworms is to isolate the residual leaves, the silkworm excrement, the sick silkworms and the like, so that the silkworms are ensured to eat the fresh leaves, the drying of the silkworm rearing bed is facilitated, and the prevention and the treatment of silkworm diseases are facilitated; the scorched bran is used before sand removal, so that the silkworms can be driven to climb onto the silkworm net to play an isolation role; fresh lime can also be mixed with charred bran for use, generally in a ratio of 3: 7, commonly known as "pseudo-ginseng bran", and can kill silkworm viruses besides the isolation effect. At present, rice hulls are mainly used for producing livestock and poultry feed, so that the price of the coke bran is increased year by year, and some silkworm areas are abandoned due to high price, and the substitute of the coke bran is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for recycling silkworm breeding wastes, which reduces the pollution of the wastes to the environment and improves the recycling efficiency of resources.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for recycling silkworm breeding wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) recovering the waste on the rearing bed in the rearing process;
(2) carbonizing the waste to obtain a carbide;
(3) the carbonized material is used for silkworm breeding to complete the recycling of silkworm breeding waste.
In the invention, the step (1) is to collect the residual wastes after the sand removal in the silkworm breeding process, wherein the sand removal refers to the process of removing the silkworm excrement (namely silkworm excrement), silkworm drugs, weak and young silkworms, diseased silkworms, residual mulberry leaves and the like on a silkworm rearing bed, and belongs to the prior art.
In the invention, the step (2) is that the collected waste is carbonized by a carbonization furnace to obtain a carbonized material; preferably, the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 300 ℃. + -. 50 ℃ and the time is 6 hours. + -. 1 hour, and more preferably, the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 300 ℃. + -. 20 ℃ and the time is 6 hours. + -. 0.5 hour.
In the invention, in the step (3), the carbonized substance is sieved, the undersize and the oversize are respectively used for raising young silkworms and raising big silkworms, and the carbonized substance can replace pseudo-ginseng bran to be used for drying and isolating silkworm rearing beds; the sieve is a 3-10 mesh sieve, preferably a 5 mesh sieve.
According to the invention, the wastes in the step (1) are not required to be sorted, so that the labor input is reduced; the carbonized material can be reused, a 5-mesh sieve can be selected for sorting, the sieved carbonized material is used for drying and isolating the silkworm rearing bed of 1-3 instars, the silkworm rearing bed can be kept flat, and the carbonized material which cannot be sieved is used for drying and isolating the silkworm rearing bed of 4-5 instars, so that the moisture absorption performance is improved, and the virus killing function is increased; furthermore, the carbide can be used by adding fresh lime powder according to the requirements of silkworm breeding. Particularly, the carbonized material in the step (3) can be repeatedly carbonized with new waste after being used, multiple batches of silkworms can be used for multiple times in one year, the carbonized material can be used for improving soil after the end of the silkworm rearing period every year, and can also be stored in a closed manner and continuously used in the next year.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a recycling method of silkworm breeding waste, which solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the discharge of the waste everywhere in the current silkworm breeding process;
2. the invention provides a recycling method of silkworm breeding wastes, which solves the problems of insufficient supply and high value of a large amount of drying and isolating materials required in the silkworm breeding process;
3. the recycling method provided by the invention can realize recycling of all resources and is harmless to the environment;
4. the recycling method provided by the invention can realize recycling of all resources and is environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
In the prior art, the sand removal waste is only buried, so that a large amount of waste is discharged randomly, if the waste produced in the silkworm breeding process can be used for producing a substitute of the coke bran, the waste is changed into valuable, and two problems that the waste cannot be treated in production and the cost of the pseudo-ginseng bran is high can be solved at the same time. Based on the actual situation, the invention realizes the harmlessness of the waste by carbonizing the waste, provides high-quality carbonized materials for silkworm breeding, is used for replacing the coke bran, and has wide application prospect.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
examples and comparative examples, the test silkworm variety was a new variety (suxiu x chunfeng) bred by suzhou university, approved by the silkworm variety approval committee of jiangsu province in 2010, approval serial no: the threo trial silkworms 201001 have the common characteristics of breeding silkworm varieties on production, are representative, and the breeding quantity is 1 silkworm (25000 grains); cultivating 711 (10 years old) mulberry by adopting a conventional variety; the method for preventing and treating the stiff disease by using the anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) for silkworms of every age is the conventional technology, all the examples are the same, and the specific feeding conditions are the conventional method. The carbonization furnace is produced by the Antai coal electric company Limited, and the castoff is packed by a cast iron box for the carbonization furnace.
Example one application evaluation of Notoginseng radix bran
In the conventional breeding method, the silkworm is prevented from stiff diseases by using anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) from the beginning of the silkworm breeding process to the mounting, the silkworm rearing bed adopts pseudo-ginseng bran to absorb moisture and isolate, and all wastes are collected after sand removal, wherein the wet weight is 700 kg.
Evaluation of application Effect
The silkworm cocoon yield of a silkworm strain is 40.0kg, the morbidity is 4%, the pupa rate is 95%, 700kg of harmful garbage is produced, 70kg of coke bran and 30kg of lime (100 kg of pseudo-ginseng bran is obtained by mixing) are purchased, and 0kg of carbide can be recycled in production.
EXAMPLES evaluation of carbide applications
Collecting the wastes in the silkworm feeding process of the embodiment one, boxing 5kg of the wastes in each box, putting the boxes into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing the boxes at 300 ℃ for 6 hours, and collecting the carbonized materials to accumulate 100 kg; and (3) sorting the carbide by using a 5-mesh sieve, applying the sieved small-diameter carbide to silkworms of 1-3 years, and applying the large-diameter carbide which cannot be sieved to silkworms of 4-5 years.
The silkworm rearing method comprises the steps of starting from a newly-hatched silkworm to mounting, using anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) to prevent stiff diseases of silkworms at each age in the silkworm rearing process, carrying out moisture absorption and isolation on a silkworm rearing bed by adopting the carbide (the rest is consistent with conventional rearing), and collecting all wastes after sand removal, wherein the wet weight is 705 kg.
Evaluation of application Effect
The yield of cocoons of one silkworm strain is 45.1kg, the morbidity is 0%, the pupa rate is 99%, 0kg of harmful garbage is produced, 0kg of coke bran and 0kg of lime are purchased, and 160 kg of recyclable carbide is produced.
Examples evaluation of the application of the three carbide cycle
Subpackaging the wastes of the second example (5 kg per box), carbonizing at 300 ℃ for 6 hours, and collecting 160 kg of carbonized materials; and (3) sorting the carbide by using a 5-mesh sieve, applying the sieved small-diameter carbide to silkworms of 1-3 years, and applying the large-diameter carbide which cannot be sieved to silkworms of 4-5 years.
From the beginning of the silkworm breeding to the mounting, the silkworm uses the anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) to prevent and treat stiff diseases every year in the silkworm breeding process, the silkworm rearing bed adopts 100kg of carbide to absorb moisture and isolate (the rest is consistent with the conventional breeding), all wastes are collected after sand removal, and the wet weight is 703 kg.
Evaluation of application Effect
The yield of cocoons of one silkworm strain is 44.8kg, the morbidity is 0%, the pupa rate is 99%, 0kg of harmful garbage is produced, 0kg of coke bran is purchased, and 155 kg of recyclable carbide is produced.
Can be continuously recycled.
Example four different carbonization conditions
The method comprises the steps of adopting the conventional feeding method, using anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) to prevent and treat stiff diseases of silkworms from the beginning of each year in the process of feeding the silkworms, adopting pseudo-ginseng bran to absorb and isolate silkworm rearing beds, collecting all wastes after sand removal, wherein the wet weight is 701 kg. The yield of cocoons of one silkworm seed is 40.5kg, the disease rate is 4%, the pupa rate is 96%, and 100kg of pseudo-ginseng bran is purchased.
Subpackaging the above wastes (5 kg per box), carbonizing at 350 deg.C for 5.5 hr, and collecting 103 kg carbide; and (3) sorting the carbide by using a 5-mesh sieve, applying the sieved small-diameter carbide to silkworms of 1-3 years, and applying the large-diameter carbide which cannot be sieved to silkworms of 4-5 years.
From the beginning of the silkworm breeding to the mounting, the silkworm uses the anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) to prevent and treat stiff diseases from every instar in the silkworm breeding process, the silkworm rearing bed adopts 100kg of carbide to absorb moisture and isolate (the rest is consistent with the conventional breeding), and all wastes are collected after sand removal.
Evaluation of application Effect
The yield of cocoons of one silkworm strain is 43.2kg, the morbidity is 0 percent, the pupa rate is 98 percent, 0kg of harmful garbage is produced, and 0kg of coke bran is purchased.
Comparative example evaluation of application without char and chaff
In the process of silkworm breeding, the silkworm at each age uses the anti-stiff powder (paraformaldehyde powder) to prevent and treat stiff diseases, the silkworm rearing bed does not adopt measures to absorb moisture and isolate (other parts are consistent with those of conventional breeding), and all wastes are collected, wherein the wet weight is about 600 kg.
The silkworm cocoon yield of a silkworm strain is 35.1kg, the disease rate is 8%, the pupa rate is 92%, 600kg of harmful garbage is produced, 0kg of coke bran is purchased, and 0kg of carbide can be recycled in production.
Data analysis
The above data show that: the carbide prepared by the method can realize zero emission of harmful garbage, avoid investment for purchasing the coke bran, increase the yield of the silkworm cocoons, reduce the morbidity and improve the pupa rate, and has important significance for promoting large-scale and high-quality development of the mulberry industry and realizing sustainable development of the industry.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recycling silkworm breeding wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) recovering the waste on the rearing bed in the rearing process;
(2) carbonizing the waste to obtain a carbide;
(3) the carbonized material is used for silkworm breeding to complete the recycling of silkworm breeding waste.
2. The method for recycling silkworm-rearing waste according to claim 1, wherein the waste obtained by collecting the waste after removing the sand during silkworm rearing is collected.
3. The method for recycling silkworm-rearing waste according to claim 1, wherein the collected waste is carbonized in a carbonization furnace to obtain a carbonized product.
4. The method for recycling silkworm-rearing waste according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 300 ℃ ± 50 ℃ and the time is 6 hours ± 1 hour.
5. The method for recycling silkworm-rearing waste according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the carbonization treatment is 300 ℃ ± 20 ℃ and the time is 6 hours ± 0.5 hour.
6. The method for recycling silkworm-rearing waste according to claim 1, wherein the carbonized material is sieved, and the undersize product and the oversize product are used for rearing of young silkworms and rearing of large silkworms, respectively.
7. The method for recycling silkworm breeding waste according to claim 6, wherein the young silkworms are 1 to 3 instar silkworms; the giant silkworm is a silkworm of 4-5 years old.
8. The method for recycling silkworm breeding waste according to claim 6, wherein the sieve is a 3-10 mesh sieve.
9. The application of the carbide in silkworm breeding is characterized in that the waste on a silkworm rearing bed in the silkworm breeding process is recovered; carbonizing the waste to obtain the carbide.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the char is used for rearing bed drying and isolation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110542472.XA CN113080154A (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Method for recycling silkworm breeding waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110542472.XA CN113080154A (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Method for recycling silkworm breeding waste |
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| CN113080154A true CN113080154A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06159635A (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1994-06-07 | Hamada Seisakusho:Kk | Carbonization of treated material, its treatment equipment and carbonized material |
| JP2005117925A (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-05-12 | Yoichi Kadokami | Filter for purifying aquarium for fish and aquatic animal, method for producing the same filter for purification, method for preserving filter for purification and method for purifying aquarium for fish and aquatic animal |
| CN104150987A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江大学 | Resource utilization method of livestock and poultry breeding wastes |
| CN108579673A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江大学 | Silkworm excrement charcoal and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN210367542U (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2020-04-21 | 河南省蚕业科学研究院 | Ware is fired to scorched rice bran for sericulture |
-
2021
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202110542472.XA patent/CN113080154A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06159635A (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1994-06-07 | Hamada Seisakusho:Kk | Carbonization of treated material, its treatment equipment and carbonized material |
| JP2005117925A (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-05-12 | Yoichi Kadokami | Filter for purifying aquarium for fish and aquatic animal, method for producing the same filter for purification, method for preserving filter for purification and method for purifying aquarium for fish and aquatic animal |
| CN104150987A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江大学 | Resource utilization method of livestock and poultry breeding wastes |
| CN108579673A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江大学 | Silkworm excrement charcoal and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN210367542U (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2020-04-21 | 河南省蚕业科学研究院 | Ware is fired to scorched rice bran for sericulture |
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