CN113067003A - Fuel cell water guide plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell water guide plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113067003A CN113067003A CN201911287559.6A CN201911287559A CN113067003A CN 113067003 A CN113067003 A CN 113067003A CN 201911287559 A CN201911287559 A CN 201911287559A CN 113067003 A CN113067003 A CN 113067003A
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- metal
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- microporous plate
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- water guide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a water guide plate of a fuel cell and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a preparation method of a component used in a water guide bipolar plate with a static drainage function. The water guide plate is a metal microporous plate with gas-barrier and water-drainage functions, and realizes better physical properties from the preparation of the metal microporous plate, pore channel treatment, heat treatment and final ultrasonic treatment, wherein the physical properties comprise good water permeability, low gas permeability and high porosity, and the water guide plate is suitable for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bipolar plate of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, in particular to a preparation method of a water guide plate of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell with a water guide function, which can be applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell or an alkaline membrane fuel cell.
Background
The bipolar plate is a key component of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell battery pack, and mainly plays roles in conducting electricity, collecting current, separating oxidant and reducing agent, guiding the flow of the oxidant and the reducing agent in the battery, guiding the flow of cooling water in the battery and the like in a fuel cell stack. Different types of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks adopt different drainage modes, and bipolar plates and structures used by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks have great differences, such as a dynamic drainage mode, a static drainage mode and the like.
When the fuel cell stack adopts a static drainage mode, the bipolar plate is a novel fuel cell structure, and the traditional compact bipolar plate is replaced by the bipolar plate with a porous structure. The bipolar plate with the structure is called a water guide bipolar plate, wherein the water guide plate with the micropore structure plays a main role, water can be filled in the pores of the water guide plate to migrate, and meanwhile, the water guide plate plays a role of liquid sealing gas under the pressure of a gas bubble point. When the fuel cell works, if the membrane is not wetted enough, the water in the cooling water cavity passes through the micropores of the water guide plate to humidify the reaction gas, so as to wet the membrane; when liquid water in the diffusion layer or the flow field is too much, the water guide plate can transfer the water to the water cavity, and effective transmission of gas is guaranteed.
The pressure difference between the water guide plate and the water cavity is controlled, so that water generated by the battery is transferred through the water guide plate, and the generated water is quickly discharged through the water cavity, and the functions of humidifying reaction gas and discharging water are added on the basis of the traditional bipolar plate.
Austria 389020 describes a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack that utilizes a small pore water cooling plate assembly to provide passive coolant and water management control. The water cooling plate assembly consists of a two-part pore plate, one part of which has a slightly larger pore size to ensure that the cathode side produced water is absorbed onto the pore plate and moves to the cooling water chamber, and the other part of which has a smaller pore structure than the first part and is capable of drawing water from the cooling water chamber and flowing it by capillary action to the anode. Not only can lead out cathode generated water, but also can humidify the anode, and prevent the solid polymer electrolyte membrane from drying.
In patent CN 1305646a, published by international fuel cell llc, graphite powder, fibrous fibers, reinforcing fibers and thermosetting resin are mixed with a liquid, such as water, ethanol or methanol, to form a slurry and sprayed on a screen to form flat sheets, the sheets are dried to form paper, the paper is cut to a certain size and stacked, the stacked structure is pressed and heated to form a layered structure, and then carbonized and graphitized to form a graphitized water transport plate, which is then post-treated to form a graphite-made water transport plate suitable for use in fuel cells.
The above two patents relate to the preparation method and structure of the graphite water transport plate for fuel cells.
The invention provides a preparation method of a metal water guide plate of a fuel cell, which has better water permeability and higher gas resistance pressure and is suitable for being used in a solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a metal microporous plate after post-treatment and a preparation method and application thereof, which has better water permeability and higher gas resistance pressure by adjusting the aperture of the metal microporous plate, improves the bipolar plate of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and the cell performance thereof,
in order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a metal microporous plate subjected to a post-treatment, wherein the post-treatment comprises sequentially subjecting the metal microporous plate to liquid resin impregnation, atmosphere heat treatment, and ultrasonic treatment; the atmosphere is an inert atmosphere or a vacuum atmosphere.
Preferably, the liquid resin is phenolic resin diluted by ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the phenolic resin is more than 10: 1.
Preferably, the metal is titanium or stainless steel.
In another aspect, the invention also provides the application of the metal microporous plate as a water guide plate of a fuel cell.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a water guide plate of a fuel cell, comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing metal powder with a certain particle size according to a certain proportion, rolling and forming, and performing high-temperature vacuum sintering to form a metal microporous plate;
(2) dipping the metal microporous plate by liquid resin;
(3) carrying out heat treatment on the microporous plate treated in the step (2) in an inert atmosphere or a vacuum environment;
(4) and (4) carrying out an ultrasonic treatment method on the microporous plate treated in the step (3).
The water guide plate is a metal microporous plate and is used for a hydrogen electrode plate and/or an oxygen electrode plate of the fuel cell water guide bipolar plate.
The metal powder can be titanium powder or stainless steel powder.
And (2) uniformly mixing 300-500-mesh metal powder and 1000-1500 meshes, wherein the mass ratio of the metal powder to the 1000-1500 meshes is 40% -60%, rolling and forming under the pressure of 50-60 MPa, and performing vacuum sintering at 1100-1200 ℃ to form the metal microporous plate. The step is mainly to form a nanometer pore channel, so that the microporous plate has 40-60% of porosity.
The liquid resin in the step (2) is phenolic resin diluted by ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the phenolic resin is more than 10: 1; the dipping pressure is-0.9 to-1.0 bar, and the dipping time is not less than 20 min. The step is mainly to form a carbon layer inside the pore channel of the microporous plate, and form irregular carbon particles in the middle of the pore channel, thereby not only reducing the pore diameter of the pore channel, but also increasing the hydrophilicity of the pore channel. The surface of the microporous plate is also provided with a carbonization layer, so that the surface hydrophilicity and the corrosion resistance can be increased, and the electrical conductivity is also increased.
The heat treatment method in the step (3) comprises the following steps: treating the dipped microporous plate at 100-180 ℃ for 20-30 min; then processing for 30min to 100min at 300 ℃ to 500 ℃ in inert atmosphere or vacuum environment.
The ultrasonic treatment method in the step (4) comprises the following steps: and (4) treating the microporous plate subjected to the heat treatment in the step (3) for 5-15 min by using 200W-2 kW of ultrasonic waves. The step is to break up larger irregular carbon particles in the pore channel through vibration, so that nano-scale micropores are formed between the inner wall of the pore channel and the pore channel, and the pore size distribution of the microporous plate is further improved. In addition, on the surface of the microporous plate, carbon particles with weak binding force are removed, and the electrode is prevented from being polluted by a large amount of dust.
The invention has the following advantages
The invention provides a preparation method of a water guide bipolar plate assembly with a static drainage function. The water guide plate is a metal microporous plate with gas-barrier and water-drainage functions, and realizes better physical properties from the preparation of the metal microporous plate, pore channel treatment, heat treatment and final ultrasonic treatment, wherein the physical properties comprise good water permeability, low gas permeability and high porosity, and the water guide plate is suitable for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
1. The production cycle is short, and the production efficiency is improved.
2. The water guide plate of the fuel cell has stable water permeability and gas barrier pressure.
3. The water guide plate prepared by the method is low in cost and suitable for industrialization.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The microporous plate is rolled by titanium powder of 300 meshes and 1000 meshes adopted in the experiment, wherein the mass ratio of the titanium powder of 350 meshes to the titanium powder of 1100 meshes is 40%, and the two titanium powders are uniformly mixed and then rolled by a roller at the pressure of 60MPa to form a flat microporous plate; after vacuum sintering at 1100 ℃, the titanium microporous plate is formed. And then, impregnating the titanium microporous plate with liquid phenolic resin diluted by ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the phenolic resin is 13:1, the impregnation condition is that the pressure is-1.0 bar, and the impregnation time is 40 min. The impregnated microplate was treated at 120 ℃ for 30min and then at 350 ℃ for 80min under vacuum. And finally, treating the microporous plate subjected to the heat treatment by using ultrasonic waves with the power of 500W for 20min, thereby completing the preparation of the water guide bipolar plate.
In example 1, the water deflector has the following physical properties:
water permeability: 600X 10-17m2
Gas permeability: 2X 10-12m2
Porosity: 40 percent of
Pore size range: 0.1-5 μm
Thickness: 0.6mm
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of rolling a microporous plate by using 500-mesh and 1500-mesh stainless steel powder for experiments, wherein the mass ratio of the 500-mesh to 1500-mesh titanium powder is 60%, uniformly mixing the two stainless steel powders, and rolling by using a roller at the pressure of 50MPa to form a flat microporous plate; after vacuum sintering at 1200 ℃, the stainless steel microporous plate is formed. And then, impregnating the stainless steel microporous plate with liquid phenolic resin diluted by ethanol, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol to the phenolic resin is 20:1, the impregnation condition is that the pressure is-0.9 bar, and the impregnation time is 60 min. The impregnated microplate was treated at 180 ℃ for 20min and then at 500 ℃ for 80min under vacuum. And finally, treating the microporous plate subjected to the heat treatment by using ultrasonic waves with the power of 1000W for 10min, thereby completing the preparation of the water guide plate.
In example 2, the water deflector has the following physical properties:
water permeability: 800X 10-17m2
Gas permeability: 1.5X 10-12m2
Porosity: 60 percent of
Pore size range: 0.01-0.5 μm
Thickness: 0.45mm
The above examples show that the water guide plate prepared by the invention can meet the use requirements of the water guide bipolar plate of the fuel cell, has excellent water permeability and lower gas permeability, and can improve the stability of the fuel cell and prolong the service life of the fuel cell.
Claims (10)
1. A metal microplate after-treatment, characterized in that:
the post-treatment is to sequentially perform liquid resin impregnation, atmosphere heat treatment and ultrasonic treatment on the metal microporous plate; the atmosphere is an inert atmosphere or a vacuum atmosphere.
2. The metal microplate of claim 1, wherein the liquid resin is an ethanol diluted phenolic resin, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to phenolic resin is greater than 10: 1.
3. The metal microplate of claim 1, wherein the metal is titanium or stainless steel.
4. Use of the metal microplates of any of claims 1-3 as water deflectors for fuel cells.
5. A preparation method of a water guide plate for a fuel cell comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing metal powder with a certain particle size according to a certain proportion, rolling and forming, and performing high-temperature vacuum sintering to form a metal microporous plate;
(2) dipping the metal microporous plate by liquid resin;
(3) carrying out heat treatment on the metal microporous plate treated in the step (2) in an inert atmosphere or a vacuum environment;
(4) and (4) carrying out an ultrasonic treatment method on the metal microporous plate treated in the step (3).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
in the step (1), metal powder I with 300-500 meshes and metal powder II with 1000-1500 meshes are uniformly mixed, then are rolled and formed under the pressure of 50-60 MPa, and are subjected to vacuum sintering at the temperature of 1100-1200 ℃ to form a metal microporous plate;
the percentage of the metal powder I in the metal powder II is 40-60%.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the metal powder is titanium powder or stainless steel powder.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein:
in the step (2), the dipping pressure is-0.9 to-1.0 bar, and the dipping time is not less than 20 min.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the heat treatment method in the step (3) comprises the following steps: treating the resin-impregnated metal microporous plate at 100-180 ℃ for 20-30 min; then treating for 30-100 min at 300-500 ℃ in inert atmosphere or vacuum environment.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the ultrasonic treatment method in the step (4) comprises the following steps: and (4) treating the microporous plate subjected to the heat treatment in the step (3) for 5-15 min by using 200W-2 kW of ultrasonic waves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911287559.6A CN113067003B (en) | 2019-12-14 | 2019-12-14 | Fuel cell water guide plate and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911287559.6A CN113067003B (en) | 2019-12-14 | 2019-12-14 | Fuel cell water guide plate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113067003A true CN113067003A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
| CN113067003B CN113067003B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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Citations (12)
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| JPH0668884A (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-11 | Toshiba Corp | Solid polymer type fuel cell |
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| CN102978617A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-03-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of ordered mesoporous carbon-tungsten coating for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate protection |
| CN103489536A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-01 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for preparing coaxial double-layer CNTs/TiO2 nanometer cable structure |
| CN103933869A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-23 | 同济大学 | Preparing method of ordered mesoporous carbon-stainless steel wire mesh composite separating membrane |
| CA2917305A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2018094541A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-06-21 | 株式会社 Ｎサイエンス | Function liquid manufacturing device and function liquid manufacturing method |
| CN109509897A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of water flow field for static water removal fuel cell water guide bipolar plates |
| CN110289430A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-27 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of metal perforated plate two sides and the compound bipolar plates and preparation method thereof of graphite |
-
2019
- 2019-12-14 CN CN201911287559.6A patent/CN113067003B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0668884A (en) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-11 | Toshiba Corp | Solid polymer type fuel cell |
| JP2007095575A (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Japan Vilene Co Ltd | Separator for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, method for manufacturing non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| CN101617428A (en) * | 2007-02-22 | 2009-12-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | The manufacture method of separator for fuel battery, separator for fuel battery and fuel cell |
| JP2008243513A (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-09 | Equos Research Co Ltd | Collector, its manufacturing method, and fuel cell |
| CN101337275A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 宝鸡市金凯科工贸有限公司 | Preparation technique of micropore titanium plate |
| CN102978617A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-03-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Preparation method of ordered mesoporous carbon-tungsten coating for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate protection |
| CN103933869A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-23 | 同济大学 | Preparing method of ordered mesoporous carbon-stainless steel wire mesh composite separating membrane |
| CA2917305A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal gas diffusion layer for fuel cell and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN103489536A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-01 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for preparing coaxial double-layer CNTs/TiO2 nanometer cable structure |
| JP2018094541A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-06-21 | 株式会社 Ｎサイエンス | Function liquid manufacturing device and function liquid manufacturing method |
| CN109509897A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of water flow field for static water removal fuel cell water guide bipolar plates |
| CN110289430A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-27 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of metal perforated plate two sides and the compound bipolar plates and preparation method thereof of graphite |
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| CN113067003B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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