CN113062904B - Rear axle steering locking valve, hydraulic system and automobile crane - Google Patents
Rear axle steering locking valve, hydraulic system and automobile crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN113062904B CN113062904B CN202110206092.9A CN202110206092A CN113062904B CN 113062904 B CN113062904 B CN 113062904B CN 202110206092 A CN202110206092 A CN 202110206092A CN 113062904 B CN113062904 B CN 113062904B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
- F15B21/087—Control strategy, e.g. with block diagram
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/061—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle provided with effort, steering lock, or end-of-stroke limiters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/08—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by type of steering valve used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/30—Safety devices, e.g. alternate emergency power supply or transmission means to ensure steering upon failure of the primary steering means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/022—Installations or systems with accumulators used as an emergency power source, e.g. in case of pump failure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rear axle steering of an automobile crane, and aims to solve the problem that potential safety hazards are caused by the fact that an emergency pump is not arranged in the existing steering locking of the rear axle of the automobile crane. According to the invention, an emergency pump is not arranged in the rear axle steering, and the energy accumulator can provide hydraulic oil to enable the locking oil cylinder to return to the middle position when the main oil pump fails, so that the rear axle steering is locked, hidden danger is eliminated, and driving safety is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to steering of an automobile crane, in particular to a rear axle steering locking valve, a hydraulic system and the automobile crane.
Background
The traditional chassis of the automobile crane only has the front axle capable of steering, and the rear axle is always in a neutral locking state, so that the steering mode has a simple structure, is large in limitation, and cannot adapt to the operation requirement of a narrow place.
The chassis steering mode of the all-terrain crane is different from the traditional chassis steering mode of the automobile crane, and the all-terrain crane not only can steer the front axle, but also can steer the rear axle, so that the steering system has smaller turning radius and stronger field adaptability.
For a truck crane with a steering rear axle, there are occasions when it is necessary to lock the steering rear axle, for example when the truck crane is traveling at a faster speed. The steering locking of the rear axle means that the included angle alpha between the central line of the rear axle tire and the axle axis is 0 degrees. Therefore, for the automobile crane with the steering rear axle, the rear axle steering system is provided with the locking oil cylinder and the locking valve, and when the rear axle steers, the locking valve enables the large cavity and the small cavity of the locking oil cylinder to be communicated and to be in a floating state; when the rear axle steering is required to be locked, the locking valve controls the locking oil cylinder to return to the middle position so as to forcedly return the rear axle wheels. The steering cylinder is pulled back to stretch out and draw back in the process of the wheel alignment of the rear axle, and the large cavity and the small cavity of the steering cylinder are required to be provided with corresponding oil inlet and oil return.
At present, a front axle (1, 2 axles) +a rear axle (n axle, n is more than or equal to 2) independent steering mode is commonly adopted in the crane, and in order to ensure the driving safety, a rear axle steering hydraulic system is the same as the front axle, and an emergency pump and an emergency switching valve are required to be configured besides a main oil pump. The emergency pumps of the front axle and the rear axle are required to be installed on the transfer case. However, due to the limitation of the space of the frame, only the installation space of the front axle emergency pump can be ensured, the rear axle emergency pump cannot be installed, and part of vehicle types on the market cancel the rear axle emergency pump, but a huge potential safety hazard is left.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that potential safety hazards are caused by the fact that an emergency pump is not arranged in the existing steering locking of a rear axle of an automobile crane, and provides a steering locking valve of the rear axle, a hydraulic system and the crane, so that the risk of failure of a main oil pump is eliminated under the condition that the emergency pump is not arranged in the steering system of the rear axle of the crane.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a rear axle steering locking valve, includes the pilot operated check valve, the forward conduction oil outlet of pilot operated check valve is connected simultaneously big chamber interface and little chamber interface, has the L mouth with oil tank oil return interface intercommunication, its characterized in that still includes ooff valve, first check valve and second check valve, first check valve with the ooff valve establish ties the back with second check valve parallel connection, the second check valve is connected between the forward conduction oil outlet of pilot operated check valve and energy storage ware interface, the second check valve is to the unidirectional conduction of energy storage ware interface direction, first check valve is to the forward conduction oil outlet direction of pilot operated check valve and is switched on. In the invention, the rear axle steering locking valve is provided with an accumulator connecting port which is used for connecting an accumulator, and when the main oil pump which is in forward conduction with the hydraulic control one-way valve and has no pressure oil input, such as rear axle steering, fails and can not output the pressure oil, the accumulator supplies oil through the rear axle steering locking valve to enable the locking oil cylinder to be in a locking state, so that the rear axle steering wheel returns to the middle position.
The rear axle steering locking valve further comprises an overflow valve, wherein the overflow valve is connected between the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve and an oil tank oil return interface.
In the rear axle steering locking valve, the switch valve is an electromagnetic valve. Further, the rear axle steering locking valve also comprises a pressure measuring port communicated with the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve, and the pressure measuring port is used for installing a pressure sensor.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: the rear axle steering hydraulic system comprises a locking oil cylinder, a steering locking control valve, a hydraulic oil tank, a steering oil cylinder, a steering valve connected with the steering oil cylinder and a main oil pump connected with the steering valve, wherein the oil inlet end of the main oil pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank; the hydraulic control system is characterized by further comprising an energy accumulator and the rear axle steering locking valve, wherein a large cavity interface, a small cavity interface and an L port of the rear axle steering locking valve are connected with corresponding oil ports on the locking oil cylinder, the energy accumulator interface is connected with the energy accumulator, a forward conduction oil inlet end of a hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with a locking control output end of a steering locking control valve, a hydraulic control end of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with a floating control output end of the steering locking control valve, and an oil tank oil return interface is connected with an oil tank; and the large cavity and the small cavity of the steering oil cylinder are connected with the steering locking control valve.
In the rear axle steering hydraulic system, the steering locking control valve comprises a locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve, a switching valve and a floating control electromagnetic valve.
The switching valve is provided with an A port and a B port which are used for connecting a large cavity and a small cavity of the steering cylinder and a T port which is used for connecting an oil tank.
The floating control electromagnetic valve is provided with a P1 port used for being connected with a main oil pump, a C port used as a locking control output end of the steering locking control valve, a P2 port communicated with the opposite end of a spring cavity of the switching valve and a T port used for being connected with an oil tank.
The lock cylinder control solenoid valve has a P1 port for connecting with a main oil pump, a T port for connecting with an oil tank, and a P2 port for use as a float control output of a steering lock control valve.
The locking oil cylinder controls the electromagnetic valve to be conducted with the P1 port and the P2 port when the electromagnetic valve is electrified, and the T port and the P2 port are conducted when the electromagnetic valve is deenergized.
And when the floating control electromagnetic valve is powered on, the P1 port is communicated with the P2 port, the C port is communicated with the T port, and when the floating control electromagnetic valve is powered off, the P2 port is communicated with the T port, and the C port is communicated with the P1 port.
And when the opposite ends of the spring cavity of the switching valve are filled with pressurized oil, the port A, the port B and the port T are mutually cut off, otherwise, the port A, the port B and the port T are mutually communicated.
The rear axle steering hydraulic system further comprises a controller, the switch valve is an electromagnetic valve, the rear axle steering locking valve is provided with a pressure measuring port communicated with the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve, a pressure sensor connected with the controller is arranged in the pressure measuring port, and the electromagnetic coil of each electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller.
The technical scheme for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: an automobile crane is constructed, which is characterized by comprising the rear axle steering hydraulic system.
Compared with the prior art, the rear axle steering locking valve is provided with the interface for connecting the energy accumulator, and under the condition that an emergency pump is not arranged, the energy accumulator can provide hydraulic oil to enable the locking oil cylinder to return to the middle position, lock the rear axle steering, eliminate hidden danger and ensure driving safety even if the main oil pump fails.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the chassis steering mode of the truck crane of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rear axle steering hydraulic system in the truck crane of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rear axle steering lock valve of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the steering lock control valve of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the steering lock control valve of the present invention.
Part names and serial numbers in the figure:
a first bridge 1, a second bridge 2, a third bridge 3, a fourth bridge 4, a third bridge steering cylinder 31, a third bridge steering locking cylinder 32, a third bridge steering locking valve 33, a fourth bridge 4, a fourth bridge steering cylinder 41, a fourth bridge steering locking cylinder 42, a fourth bridge steering locking valve 43, a steering valve 5, a steering locking control valve 6 and a main oil pump 7.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 3, the rear axle steering locking valve in this embodiment includes a pilot operated check valve 51, a switch valve 52, an overflow valve 55, a first check valve 53 and a second check valve 54, where the forward conduction oil outlet end of the pilot operated check valve 51 is simultaneously communicated with a large cavity interface a and a small cavity interface B, and the oil tank oil return interface T is communicated with an L port. The first check valve 53 is connected in series with the switch valve 52 and then connected in parallel with the second check valve 54, the second check valve 54 is connected between the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control check valve and the accumulator interface A1, the second check valve 54 is conducted unidirectionally in the direction of the accumulator interface A1, the first check valve 53 is conducted in the direction of the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control check valve, and the overflow valve 55 is connected between the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control check valve and the oil tank oil return interface T. The rear axle steering locking valve is also provided with a pressure measuring port MA communicated with the forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve, and is used for installing a pressure sensor 56.
As shown in fig. 4, the steering lock control valve 6 in the present embodiment includes a lock cylinder control solenoid valve, a switching valve, and a float control solenoid valve. The steering lock control valve 6 includes two sets of valves, one set of which is constituted by a lock cylinder control solenoid valve 65, a switching valve 61, and a float control solenoid valve 63, and the other set of which is constituted by a lock cylinder control solenoid valve 66, a switching valve 62, and a float control solenoid valve 64. The connection relationship of the two sets of valves is the same, and the connection relationship of the first set of valves is as follows:
the switching valve 61 has ports a and B for connecting the large and small chambers of the steering cylinder and a port T for connecting the oil tank.
The float control solenoid valve 63 has a P1 port for connection to a pressure oil source, a C port for use as a lock control output port of the steering lock control valve, a P2 port communicating with the opposite end of the spring chamber of the switching valve 61, and a T port for connection to an oil tank.
The lockup cylinder control solenoid valve 65 has a P1 port for connecting a pressure oil source, a T port for connecting a tank, and a P2 port serving as a float control output of the steering lockup control valve.
The locking cylinder controls the electromagnetic valve 65 to be conducted with the P1 port and the P2 port when power is supplied, and the T port and the P2 port are conducted when power is lost.
When the floating control electromagnetic valve 63 is powered on, the P1 port is communicated with the P2 port, the C port is communicated with the T port, and when the power is lost, the P2 port is communicated with the T port, and the C port is communicated with the P1 port.
When the opposite ends of the spring cavity of the switching valve 61 are filled with pressurized oil, the A port, the B port and the T port are mutually blocked, otherwise, the A port, the B port and the T port are mutually communicated.
In the steering lock control valve 6, the C port of the float control solenoid valve 63 and the C port of the float control solenoid valve 64 constitute two lock control outputs of the steering lock control valve 6, and the P2 port of the lock cylinder control solenoid valve 65 and the P2 port of the lock cylinder control solenoid valve 66 constitute two float control outputs of the steering lock control valve 6.
In this embodiment, the steering mode of the automobile crane is shown in fig. 1, the chassis of the automobile crane is a four-axle automobile chassis, the front axle of the automobile crane comprises a first axle 1 and a second axle 2, and the rear axle of the automobile crane comprises a third axle 3 and a fourth axle 4. The first bridge 1, the second bridge 2, the third bridge 3 and the fourth bridge 4 are steering bridges, and all-wheel steering can be realized.
In this embodiment, the rear axle steering hydraulic system of the automobile crane is shown in fig. 2, and includes the rear axle steering and steering locking functions, and the three axles and the four axles can independently steer or lock.
In the rear axle steering hydraulic system, it includes a three-axle steering cylinder 31, a three-axle steering lock cylinder 32, a four-axle steering cylinder 41, a four-axle steering lock cylinder 42, a steering valve 5, a four-axle steering lock valve 43, a three-axle steering lock valve 33, a main oil pump 7, and a steering lock control valve 6. The four-axle steering lock valve 43 and the three-axle steering lock valve 33 are both the rear axle steering lock valves described above.
The steering valve 5 is connected with the large and small chambers of the three-bridge steering cylinder 31 and the four-bridge steering cylinder 41. The pump port of the main oil pump 7 is connected with the P1 oil port of each valve in the steering locking control valve 6 and the pressure oil source interface of the steering valve through pipelines, so as to realize the oil supply to the steering valve 5 and the steering locking control valve 6.
The valve group corresponding to the three-axle in the steering locking control valve 6 is composed of a locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 65, a switching valve 61 and a floating control electromagnetic valve 63, wherein an A port and a B port of the switching valve 61 are respectively connected with a large cavity and a small cavity of the three-axle steering oil cylinder 31, a C port of the floating control electromagnetic valve 63 is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 in a forward conduction way to an oil inlet end P, and a P2 port of the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 65 is connected with a hydraulic control end X of the hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33; the large cavity interface A and the small cavity interface B of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 are connected with corresponding oil ports on the three-axle steering locking oil cylinder 32.
The valve group corresponding to the four-axle steering locking control valve 6 is composed of a locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 66, a switching valve 62 and a floating control electromagnetic valve 64, wherein an A port and a B port of the switching valve 62 are respectively connected with a large cavity and a small cavity of the four-axle steering oil cylinder 41, a C port of the floating control electromagnetic valve 64 is connected with a hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the four-axle steering locking valve 43 in a forward conduction way to an oil inlet end P, and a P2 port of the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 66 is connected with a hydraulic control end X of the hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the four-axle steering locking valve 43; the large cavity interface A and the small cavity interface B of the four-axle steering locking valve 43 and the L port are connected with corresponding oil ports on the four-axle steering locking oil cylinder 42.
The accumulator 34 is connected to the accumulator interface of the three-axle steering lock cylinder 32, and the accumulator 44 is connected to the accumulator interface of the four-axle steering lock cylinder 42. In particular, the accumulator 34 and the accumulator 44 are combined to form a common accumulator, i.e., the common accumulator is connected to the accumulator structures of the three-axle steering lock cylinder 32 and the four-axle steering lock cylinder 42 simultaneously via lines.
In the present embodiment, the on-off valves in the three-bridge steering lock cylinder 32 and the four-bridge steering lock cylinder 42 are both solenoid valves. The solenoid of the switch valve and the solenoid of each solenoid valve in the steering lock control valve 6 are connected with a controller (not shown in the figure), and the state of each solenoid valve is controlled by the controller to realize steering or steering lock state. Pressure sensors 56 connected to the three-and four-axle steering lock cylinders 32, 42 are also connected to the controller.
In the rear axle steering hydraulic system in this embodiment, during steering, as shown in fig. 4, the floating control solenoid valve 63 and the floating control solenoid valve 64, the locking cylinder control solenoid valve 65, and the locking cylinder control solenoid valve 66 are all powered, the pressure oil charges the opposite ends of the spring cavity of the switching valve 61 through the P1 port and the P2 port conducted by the floating control solenoid valve 63, so that the a port, the B port and the T port of the switching valve 61 are mutually blocked, the large cavity and the small cavity of the three-axle steering cylinder 31 are not communicated, the forward conduction oil inlet end P of the hydraulic control check valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 is connected with the oil tank through the C port and the T port conducted by the floating control solenoid valve 63, no pressure oil is input, and the pressure oil acts on the hydraulic control end X of the hydraulic control check valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 through the P1 port and the P2 port conducted by the locking cylinder control solenoid valve 65, so that the large cavity and the small cavity of the three-axle steering locking cylinder 32 are conducted and are in a floating state, and the three-axle steering cylinder 31 is controlled by the three-axle steering valve 5 to realize steering 3.
When the steering locking of the three-axle is needed, the floating control electromagnetic valve 63, the floating control electromagnetic valve 64, the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 65 and the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 66 are all powered off, the P2 port and the T port of the floating control electromagnetic valve 63 are communicated, the C port and the P1 port are communicated, the switching valve 61 is reversed to enable the A port, the B port and the T port to be communicated, and the large cavity and the small cavity of the three-axle steering oil cylinder 31 are mutually communicated and are in a floating state; the P2 port and the T port of the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve 65 are communicated to enable the pressure of the hydraulic control end of the hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 to be zero, the hydraulic control end is not communicated in the reverse direction, only forward conduction is achieved, pressure oil acts on the forward conduction oil inlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve 51 of the three-axle steering locking valve 33 through the C port and the P1 port of the floating control electromagnetic valve 63, enters into a large cavity and a small cavity of the three-axle steering locking oil cylinder 32 through the hydraulic control one-way valve, oil in a return oil cavity of the three-axle steering locking oil cylinder 32 flows back to a hydraulic oil tank through the L port of the three-axle steering locking valve 33, the included angle alpha between the tire center line and the axle center line of the three-axle 3 is zero, and three-axle steering locking is achieved.
In the present embodiment, the steering and steering lock control of the four-axle 4 is the same as the steering and steering lock control of the three-axle in operation principle.
In this embodiment, the locking cylinder control solenoid valve of the steering lock control valve 6 may also be one, as shown in fig. 5, where the P2 port of the locking cylinder control solenoid valve 65 is simultaneously connected to the pilot-operated end of the pilot-operated check valve 51 of the three-bridge steering lock valve 33 and the pilot-operated end of the pilot-operated check valve 51 of the four-bridge steering lock valve 43, and the C port of the locking cylinder control solenoid valve 65 is simultaneously connected to the forward conduction oil inlet port P of the pilot-operated check valve 51 of the three-bridge steering lock valve 33 and the forward conduction oil inlet port P of the pilot-operated check valve 51 of the four-bridge steering lock valve 43. At this time, the three-axle steering and steering locking and the four-axle steering and steering locking are operated synchronously.
In the present embodiment, the switching valves of the three-bridge steering lock valve 33 and the four-bridge steering lock valve 43 are normally closed and blocked, and the accumulator is charged through the second check valve 54. The steering lock actions of the three-axle steering lock cylinder 32 and the four-axle steering lock cylinder 42 are supplied with oil from the main oil pump. If the main oil pump fails, pressure oil cannot be provided when locking is needed, at this time, the pressure values detected by the pressure switches in the three-axle steering locking valve 33 and the four-axle steering locking valve 43 cannot reach the preset value, the controller controls the switching valve 52 to switch on, the pressure oil in the accumulator enters into the large cavity and the small cavity of the three-axle steering locking oil cylinder 32 and the four-axle steering locking oil cylinder 42 through the switching valve and the first one-way valve, so that the steering locking of the three-axle steering locking oil cylinder and the four-axle steering locking oil cylinder is realized, and the potential safety hazard that the steering of the rear axle cannot be locked due to the failure of the main oil pump is avoided.
In the embodiment, the steering and steering locking of the rear axle are interlocked, namely, when steering is performed, the large cavity and the small cavity of the locking oil cylinder are in a mutually communicated floating state; when the steering is locked, the large cavity and the small cavity of the steering cylinder are in a floating state of mutual communication. In this embodiment, the structure of each solenoid valve in the steering lock control valve 6 is the same, so that the types and specifications of parts are reduced, and the manufacturing and maintenance are facilitated.
Claims (6)
1. The rear axle steering hydraulic system comprises a locking oil cylinder, a steering locking control valve, a hydraulic oil tank, a steering oil cylinder, a steering valve connected with the steering oil cylinder and a main oil pump connected with the steering valve, wherein the oil inlet end of the main oil pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank; the steering lock valve is characterized by further comprising an energy accumulator and a rear axle steering lock valve;
the rear axle steering locking valve comprises a hydraulic control one-way valve, an opening valve, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, wherein the hydraulic control one-way valve is provided with an L port communicated with an oil return port of an oil tank, and a forward conduction oil outlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve is simultaneously communicated with a large cavity port and a small cavity port;
the steering locking control valve comprises a locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve (65), a switching valve (61) and a floating control electromagnetic valve (63);
the switching valve (61) is provided with an A port and a B port which are used for connecting a large cavity and a small cavity of the steering cylinder and a T port which is used for connecting an oil tank;
the floating control electromagnetic valve (63) is provided with a P1 port used for being connected with a main oil pump, a C port used as a locking control output end of a steering locking control valve, a P2 port communicated with the opposite end of a spring cavity of the switching valve and a T port used for being connected with an oil tank;
the locking oil cylinder control electromagnetic valve (65) is provided with a P1 port used for connecting a main oil pump, a T port used for connecting an oil tank and a P2 port used as a floating control output end of a steering locking control valve;
the locking oil cylinder controls the electromagnetic valve (65) to be communicated with the P1 port and the P2 port when power is supplied, and the T port and the P2 port are communicated when power is lost;
the floating control electromagnetic valve (63) is communicated with the P1 port and the P2 port and the C port and the T port when being electrified, and the P2 port and the T port and the C port and the P1 port when being deenergized;
the port A, the port B and the port T of the switching valve are mutually cut off when the opposite ends of the spring cavity of the switching valve are filled with pressurized oil, otherwise, the port A, the port B and the port T are mutually communicated;
the large cavity interface, the small cavity interface and the L port of the rear axle steering locking valve are connected with corresponding oil ports on the locking oil cylinder, the energy accumulator interface is connected with an energy accumulator, the forward conduction oil inlet end of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the locking control output end of the steering locking control valve, the hydraulic control end of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the floating control output end of the steering locking control valve, and the oil tank oil return interface is connected with an oil tank; and the large cavity and the small cavity of the steering oil cylinder are connected with the steering locking control valve.
2. The rear axle steering hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the rear axle steering lock valve further comprises an overflow valve connected between a forward conduction oil outlet of the pilot operated check valve and an oil tank return port.
3. The rear axle steering hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the on-off valve is a solenoid valve.
4. The rear axle steering hydraulic system of claim 3, further comprising a pressure tap in communication with the forward conducting oil outlet of the pilot operated check valve.
5. The rear axle steering hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a controller, wherein the switching valve is an electromagnetic valve, the rear axle steering lock valve is provided with a pressure measuring port communicated with a forward conduction oil outlet end of the pilot operated check valve, a pressure sensor connected with the controller is installed in the pressure measuring port, and an electromagnetic coil of each electromagnetic valve is connected with the controller.
6. An automotive crane characterized by having the rear axle steering hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110206092.9A CN113062904B (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Rear axle steering locking valve, hydraulic system and automobile crane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110206092.9A CN113062904B (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Rear axle steering locking valve, hydraulic system and automobile crane |
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| CN113062904A CN113062904A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
| CN113062904B true CN113062904B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| CN202110206092.9A Active CN113062904B (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2021-02-24 | Rear axle steering locking valve, hydraulic system and automobile crane |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA927293A (en) * | 1970-07-07 | 1973-05-29 | International Harvester Company | Steering system |
| JP2000233764A (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-29 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Rear wheel steering lock device for vehicle |
| CN102030035B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-09-26 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Hoist and steering control system and method of nine-shaft automobile chassis |
| CN102673639B (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2014-09-24 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Hydraulic steering control system and crane with system |
| CN102689651A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2012-09-26 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Crane and automatic centering and steering system |
| DE102012018993A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-03-27 | Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh | Agricultural vehicle with power steering |
| WO2014047842A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Vehicle centring control system and vehicle |
| CN110304137B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-07-09 | 徐州重型机械有限公司 | Hydraulic system and crane |
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2021
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| CN113062904A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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