CN113045166B - Device and method for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge through biological material safety enhancement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge safely strengthened by biological materials, which comprises a dehydration device, a multi-metal ion passivation device, a sludge solidification device and a sludge injection device, wherein the dehydration device is respectively connected with the multi-metal ion passivation device and the sludge solidification device through pipelines, and the sludge solidification device is connected with the sludge injection device through pipelines; the centrifugal pump conveys sewage, which is separated from the sludge dewatering device, to the multi-metal ion passivation device, the sewage is mineralized in the multi-metal ion passivation device, the dewatered sludge produced by the sludge dewatering device is conveyed to the sludge solidification device for treatment, and the treated dewatered sludge is conveyed to the surface to be constructed through the sludge injection device. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sludge is used as a seed carrier, the biological material in the multi-metal ion passivation system can passivate metal ions in the sludge sewage into inorganic salt minerals, the treated water can be used as irrigation water for vegetation growth, and no waste is discharged in the whole treatment and construction process.

Description

Device and method for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge through biological material safety enhancement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the crossed field of materials science, microbiology and environmental science, in particular to a device and a method for restoring green mine by sludge by utilizing safety enhancement of biological materials.

Background

Mineral resources are taken as indispensable production data for human survival and development, and are over-developed disorderly for a long time, so that not only is the mine environment damaged, but also the geological disasters of the mine are increased. Mine ecological environment recovery and comprehensive treatment firstly need to recover vegetation in mining areas, because blasting and bottom digging ore cause mine side slope unevenness, the exposed side slope is mainly rock slope, plants are difficult to grow naturally, a great amount of high-quality soil coverage is needed urgently, and necessary conditions for vegetation growth are created through artificial measures.

Under the condition of shortage of land resources and high-quality soil resources, a large amount of river and lake dredging sludge can provide natural ecological covering soil for the recovery and comprehensive treatment of the mine ecological environment. However, the sludge produced by dredging rivers and lakes has the characteristics of high water content, extremely fine particles, high compressibility, low strength, metal pollutants and the like, if the sludge cannot be timely and effectively treated, a large amount of precious land resources are occupied, serious secondary pollution is caused, and the safe treatment and comprehensive utilization of the dredged sediment become a critical problem to be solved urgently. At present, the sludge disposal mode mainly comprises sanitary landfill, incineration, building material utilization and land utilization, the sanitary landfill occupies a large amount of land and is easy to cause underground water pollution, the incineration needs to purchase special equipment, the investment is large, the operation and maintenance cost is high, and the building material utilization has the defects of high energy consumption, poor product quality and the like; organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and the like in the sludge can be converted into soil nutrient components, and the sludge can be used for repairing forest lands, garden greenbelts, desertification lands, abandoned mines and the like after being stabilized, so that the method is a green, ecological and efficient utilization method. The prior art does not have equipment or a system for providing an integral solution for harmless utilization of sludge, so that the sludge needs to be transported to different places for treatment in the sludge harmless treatment process, for example, the sludge needs to be transported to a special solid waste treatment plant in the early treatment, and the treated harmless sludge needs to be transported to a site to be constructed in the subsequent recycling.

The utility model discloses a utility model patent with publication number CN212021761U discloses a silt processing apparatus, gets rid of the moisture in the mud through the mode of extrusion filtration, but its sewage of being extruded is discharged at will, and the sewage that does not pass through aftertreatment can cause secondary pollution to the environment.

The invention patent with publication number CN111689667A discloses a method for degrading sludge heavy metals by extreme microorganisms, which comprises the steps of mixing sludge and straws with microorganisms, and passivating the heavy metals in the sludge by the microorganisms in a step-type fermentation mode; however, the method needs repeated temperature rise, has long treatment time, is not suitable for treating a large amount of river bottom sludge in batch, and has poor practicability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge safely enhanced by using biological materials, which can effectively remove water in the sludge, safely passivate multiple metal ions in the sludge, enhance the stability of the sludge, solve the problem of safe and efficient utilization of sludge wastes, integrally install the device on a construction site, and realize effective recycling of the sludge by only one-time transportation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a device for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge safely strengthened by biological materials comprises a sludge dewatering device, wherein the sludge dewatering device comprises a dewatering box, the top of the dewatering box is provided with a charging opening, the bottom of the dewatering box is provided with a discharging opening, an extrusion partition plate driven by a telescopic rod is arranged in the dewatering box, filter cloth is arranged in the partition plate, two sides of the partition plate are respectively provided with a drain hole which is uniformly distributed, and two sides of the bottom of the dewatering box are respectively provided with a drain discharging opening; the device comprises a dehydration device, a sludge solidification device and a sludge injection device, wherein the dehydration device is respectively connected with the multiple metal ion passivation device and the sludge solidification device through pipelines; the centrifugal pump conveys the sewage dehydrated by the sludge dehydration device to the multi-metal ion passivation device, the sewage is mineralized in the multi-metal ion passivation device, the dehydrated sludge produced by the sludge dehydration device is conveyed to the sludge solidification device for treatment, and the treated dehydrated sludge is conveyed to the surface to be constructed by the sludge injection device.

Preferably, the multi-metal ion passivation device comprises a jacket type box body, the bottom of the box body is provided with a heating medium feeding hole, the middle upper part of the box body is provided with a heating medium discharging hole, the top of the box body is provided with a stirrer, and the stirrer drives a stirring paddle to rotate; one side of the top of the box body is provided with a sewage charging hole, the sewage charging hole is connected with the centrifugal pump, the other side of the top of the box body is provided with a biological passivation material charging hole, the middle lower part of the box body is provided with a passivated safe water discharging hole, and the bottom of the box body is provided with a settling chamber.

Preferably, an upper stop valve is arranged above the settling chamber, and a lower stop valve is arranged below the settling chamber.

Preferably, silt solidification equipment includes the toper box, and toper box upper portion is provided with the second agitator, and the second agitator drives the second stirring rake rotatory, the top of toper box still is equipped with the three charge inlets of dehydration silt charge door, solidified bio-materials charge door and vegetation seed charge door, and toper bottom of the box portion is equipped with the mixed material discharge gate.

Preferably, the second stirring paddles are provided with four groups, and the four groups of second stirring paddles are used for beating the scales from top to bottom, the diameters of the four groups of second stirring paddles are gradually reduced and the four groups of second stirring paddles are attached to the inner wall of the conical box body.

Preferably, an interlayer is further arranged on the outer side of the conical box body, the second heating medium feed inlet 302 is arranged at the middle lower part of the interlayer, the second heating medium discharge outlet is arranged at the middle upper part of the interlayer,

preferably, the sludge injection device comprises a pump, a supercharger, an energy accumulator, a controller, a hydraulic press, a pressure gauge and a nozzle, the pump is connected between a discharge port of the sludge solidification device and the energy accumulator through a pipeline, the hydraulic press is connected with the supercharger, the other interface of the supercharger is connected with an outlet of the energy accumulator in parallel through the controller, and the controller is connected to the nozzle.

Preferably, the nozzle line is automatically retractable for different distances of spray.

A method for safely strengthening a silt greening mine by using a biological material comprises the following steps:

(1) adding the sludge with high water content into a sludge dewatering system;

(2) the separated sewage enters a multi-metal ion curing device, and a biological passivation material is added and heated;

(3) the dewatered sludge enters a sludge solidification device, and vegetation seeds and biological solidification materials are added and uniformly mixed;

(4) spraying the sludge mixture to a surface to be constructed through a sludge spraying device;

(5) and (3) curing the construction surface by using the water treated in the step (2).

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the treated sludge is used as a seed carrier, the biological material in the multi-metal ion passivation system can passivate metal ions in the sludge sewage into inorganic salt minerals, the inorganic salt minerals are collected and safely treated by a settling chamber, the treated water can be used as irrigation water for vegetation growth, and no waste is discharged in the whole treatment and construction process.

2. The sludge dewatering device, the multi-metal ion passivation device, the sludge curing device and the sludge injection device form an organic whole, so that the sludge can be treated immediately, continuous operation can be realized, and the treatment and construction efficiency is improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-sludge dewatering device, 101-dewatering box, 102-sludge charging port, 103-dewatered sludge discharging port, 104-extrusion clapboard, 105-telescopic rod, 106-filter cloth, 107-water discharging port, 108-compressed sludge discharging port and 109-centrifugal pump;

2-a multi-metal ion passivation device, 201-a box body, 202-a heating medium feeding port, 203-a heating medium discharging port, 204-a stirrer, 205-a compressed sludge sewage feeding port, 206-a biological passivation material feeding port, 207-a safe water discharging port, 208-a settling chamber, 209-an upper stop valve and 210-a lower stop valve;

3-a sludge solidification device, 301-a conical box body, 302-a second heating medium feeding hole, 303-a second heating medium discharging hole, 304-a second stirrer, 305-a dehydrated sludge feeding hole, 306-a biological solidification material feeding hole, 307-a vegetation seed feeding hole and 308-a mixed material discharging hole;

4-sludge injection device, 401-pump, 402-booster, 403-accumulator, 404-controller, 405-hydraulic, 406-pressure gauge, 407-nozzle.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the system for safely strengthening sludge and greenish recovery mine by using biological materials comprises a sludge dewatering device 1, a multi-metal ion passivating device 2, a sludge solidifying device 3 and a sludge spraying device 4. The dehydration device 1 is respectively connected with the multi-metal ion passivation device 2 and the sludge solidification device 3 through pipelines, and the sludge solidification device 3 and the sludge injection device 4 are connected through pipelines. The sludge dewatering device 1, the sludge curing device 3 and the sludge injection device 4 are arranged on a movable carrier of a construction site, the multi-metal ion passivation device 2 is fixed on the construction site, and the sludge dewatering device 1 is connected with the multi-metal ion passivation device 2 through a retractable pipeline.

The sludge dewatering device 1 comprises a dewatering box 101, wherein the top of the dewatering box 101 is provided with a sludge feeding port 102, the bottom of the dewatering box 101 is provided with a dewatered sludge discharging port 103, a movable extrusion clapboard 104 is arranged in the dewatering box 101, the extrusion clapboard 104 is driven by a telescopic rod 105 connected with a motor, filter cloth 106 is arranged in the extrusion clapboard 104, and two sides of the extrusion clapboard 104 are provided with drain holes 107 which are uniformly distributed; the bottoms of the two sides of the dewatering box 101 are respectively provided with a compressed sludge drainage discharge port 108, and the pipeline of the sludge dewatering device 1 to the multi-metal ion passivation device 2 is provided with a centrifugal pump 109.

Many metal ion passivation device 2 is equipped with heating medium feed inlet 202, well upper portion including jacketed box 201, and box 201 bottom is equipped with heating medium discharge gate 203, is equipped with agitator 204 and sets up box 201's top, agitator 204 lower extreme are connected with the stirring rake and are used for stirring pending sewage in box 201, and top one side of box 201 is equipped with compressed sludge sewage charge door 205, compressed sludge sewage charge door 205 links to each other with centrifugal pump 109, and box 201's top opposite side is equipped with biological passivation material charge door 206, and the lower part is equipped with safe water discharge gate 207 after the passivation in the box 201, and the box 201 bottom is equipped with deposit room 208, and the deposit room is equipped with stop valve 209 and lower stop valve 210.

The silt solidification equipment 3 includes the toper box 301 of double-layered formula, and the well lower part of toper box 301 is equipped with second heating medium feed inlet 302, and the well upper portion of toper box 301 is equipped with second heating medium discharge gate 303, and the top of toper box 301 is equipped with second agitator 304, second agitator 304 is connected with the second stirring rake, the second stirring rake is provided with the paddle that the level four from the top down reduced gradually, with the identical matching of the inner wall of toper box 301 night to reach better stirring effect, the top of toper box 301 is equipped with the three charge inlets of dehydration silt charge inlet 305, biological curing material charge inlet 306, vegetation seed charge inlet 307, and the bottom of toper box 301 is equipped with mixed material discharge gate 308.

The sludge injection device 4 utilizes pressure injection and is provided with a pump 401, a pressure booster 402, an energy accumulator 403, a controller 404, a hydraulic press 405, a pressure gauge 406 and a nozzle 407; the pump 401 is connected between the mixed material outlet 308 and the accumulator 403 through a pipeline, the hydraulic press 405 is connected with the pressure booster 402, the other interface of the pressure booster 402 is connected with the outlet of the accumulator 403 in parallel through the controller 404, and the controller 404 is connected to the nozzle 407.

The method for reinforcing the sludge and the green-recovering mine by the biological material based on the device comprises the following steps:

step 1, sludge with high water content is added into a dewatering box 101 of a sludge dewatering device 1 through a sludge feeding port 102, a partition plate 104 is extruded to compress the sludge under the action of a telescopic rod 105 connected with a motor drive, sewage in the sludge seeps out through a drain hole 107 and enters a multi-metal ion passivation device 2 through drain discharge ports 108 on two sides of the partition plate 104, a centrifugal pump 109 is arranged on a pipeline of the sludge dewatering device 1 to the multi-metal ion passivation device 2, the dewatered sludge enters a sludge solidification device 3 through a sludge discharge port 103, and no wastewater is discharged and no secondary pollution is caused in the sludge dewatering process;

step 2, pumping the non-standard discharged sewage containing various metal ions into a box body 201 through a centrifugal pump 109 through a feed opening 205, adding a biological passivation material through a feed opening 206 on one side of the top, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing through a stirrer 204; heating medium is heated in the heating equipment, enters through a heating medium inlet 202, and flows out through a heating medium outlet 203 to enter the sludge solidification device 3; the biological passivation material passivates various metal ions into inorganic minerals, and the passivated safe water is discharged through a discharge hole 207 and can be used as irrigation water for vegetation growth; inorganic minerals are automatically gathered in the settling chamber 208 through an inclined structure at the bottom, an upper stop valve 209 and a lower stop valve 210 are arranged at two ends of the settling chamber 208, the upper stop valve 209 is in a normally open state, the lower stop valve 210 is in a closed state, when a certain amount of minerals in the settling chamber 208 are accumulated, the upper stop valve 209 is closed, the lower stop valve 210 is opened, the inorganic minerals are collected, after the collection is finished, the lower stop valve 210 is closed, the upper stop valve 209 is opened, the passivation process can be normally carried out when the inorganic minerals are collected, and the treatment efficiency is improved;

step 3, the sludge solidification device 3 is a jacketed conical box body 301, and a heating medium enters through a second heating medium inlet 302 and flows out through a second heating medium outlet 303; the dewatered sludge feeding port 305 and the biological solidification material are respectively fed with dewatered sludge, biological solidification material and vegetation seeds through the feeding port 306 and the vegetation seed feeding port 307, are uniformly stirred by the second stirrer 304, and then enter the sludge injection device 4 through the mixed material discharging port 308; the multi-metal ion passivation device 2 and the sludge curing device 3 are heated by heating media, so that the effects of passivating heavy metals and curing sludge by microorganisms in the biological material in a heating environment are obviously improved;

step 4, uniformly mixing the dewatered sludge, the biological curing material and the vegetation seeds by a sludge curing device 3, and then connecting the mixture with a sludge injection system 4 through a pipeline, wherein the mixture is injected to the surface layer of the mine through a nozzle 407, and the pipeline between the nozzle and a controller can automatically contract, so that the device is suitable for spray-seeding of mines with different distances and different gradients, and is flexible, convenient and simple to operate; after the mixed material is sprayed to the surface layer of the mine, water for passivation treatment of a multi-metal ion passivation system can be adopted for irrigation in the maintenance period of vegetation growth, so that safe water is provided for vegetation growth; zero emission of sludge treatment can be realized.

For convenient construction, during construction, the silt transport vechicle pours silt into silt dewatering device 1 in batches gradually, and the sewage of extruding is carried and is stored the processing in many metal ion passivating device 2, can be sprayed the needs to cover the surface by silt injection apparatus 4 after dehydration silt mixes with seed and microorganism curing agent, realizes serialization high efficiency operation.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A device for restoring green mine by utilizing sludge safely strengthened by biological materials comprises a sludge dewatering device, wherein the sludge dewatering device comprises a dewatering box, the top of the dewatering box is provided with a charging opening, the bottom of the dewatering box is provided with a discharge opening, an extrusion clapboard driven by a telescopic rod is arranged in the dewatering box, filter cloth is arranged in the clapboard, two sides of the clapboard are provided with drain holes which are uniformly distributed, and two sides of the bottom of the dewatering box are respectively provided with a drainage discharge opening;

the device is characterized by further comprising a multi-metal ion passivation device, a sludge solidification device and a sludge injection device, wherein the dehydration device is respectively connected with the multi-metal ion passivation device and the sludge solidification device through pipelines, and the sludge solidification device is connected with the sludge injection device through a pipeline; the centrifugal pump conveys the sewage dehydrated by the sludge dehydration device to a multi-metal ion passivation device, the sewage is mineralized in the multi-metal ion passivation device, the dehydrated sludge produced by the sludge dehydration device is conveyed to a sludge solidification device for treatment, and the treated dehydrated sludge is conveyed to the surface to be constructed by a sludge injection device;

the multi-metal ion passivation device comprises a jacket type box body, wherein a heating medium feeding hole is formed in the bottom of the box body, a heating medium discharging hole is formed in the middle upper portion of the box body, a stirrer is arranged at the top of the box body, and the stirrer drives a stirring paddle to rotate; a sewage charging hole is formed in one side of the top of the box body and is connected with the centrifugal pump, a biological passivation material charging hole is formed in the other side of the top of the box body, a passivated safe water discharging hole is formed in the middle lower portion of the box body, and a settling chamber is formed in the bottom of the box body;

the sludge solidification device comprises a conical box body, a second stirrer is arranged at the upper part of the conical box body and drives a second stirring paddle to rotate, a dehydrated sludge feeding port, a biological solidification material feeding port and a three-port feeding port of a vegetation seed feeding port are further formed in the top of the conical box body, and a mixed material discharging port is formed in the bottom of the conical box body;

the sludge injection device comprises a pump, a supercharger, an energy accumulator, a controller, a hydraulic press, a pressure gauge and a nozzle, wherein the pump is connected between a discharge port of the sludge solidification device and the energy accumulator through a pipeline, the hydraulic press is connected with the supercharger, another interface of the supercharger is connected with an outlet of the energy accumulator in parallel through the controller, and the controller is connected to the nozzle.

2. The apparatus for restoring a green mine from sludge through the safety enhancement of biological materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper stop valve is arranged above the settling chamber, and a lower stop valve is arranged below the settling chamber.

3. The apparatus for restoring a green mine by using the sludge with the enhanced safety of the biological materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second stirring paddles are provided in four groups, and the four groups of second stirring paddles are vertically arranged from top to bottom, have a diameter which is gradually reduced and are attached to the inner wall of the conical box body.

4. The apparatus for restoring a green mine by using the sludge with the enhanced safety of the biomaterial as claimed in claim 1, wherein an interlayer is further disposed outside the conical tank body, the second heating medium inlet 302 is disposed at a middle lower portion of the interlayer, and the second heating medium outlet is disposed at a middle upper portion of the interlayer.

5. The apparatus for restoring a green mine from sludge through the safety enhancement of biological materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pipeline of the nozzle is automatically contracted for spraying at different distances.

6. The method for processing the sludge green-recovering mine device safely enhanced by the biological materials, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) adding the sludge with high water content into a sludge dewatering system;

(2) the separated sewage enters a multi-metal ion curing device, and a biological passivation material is added and heated;

(3) the dewatered sludge enters a sludge solidification device, and vegetation seeds and biological solidification materials are added and uniformly mixed;

(4) spraying the sludge mixture to a surface to be constructed through a sludge spraying device;

(5) and (3) curing the construction surface by using the water treated in the step (2).

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