CN101397178B - Livestock and poultry raising sewage disposal process and disposal system thereof - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry raising sewage disposal process and disposal system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101397178B CN101397178B CN2008100488096A CN200810048809A CN101397178B CN 101397178 B CN101397178 B CN 101397178B CN 2008100488096 A CN2008100488096 A CN 2008100488096A CN 200810048809 A CN200810048809 A CN 200810048809A CN 101397178 B CN101397178 B CN 101397178B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology for treating sewage of livestock-poultry cultivation and a treatment system thereof. The technology for treating sewage of livestock-poultry cultivation is characterized by the following steps included: 1) pretreatment of sewage is conducted; 2) the sewage after passing through an acidification adjustment basin stays in a red mud plastic anaerobic ferment device for 12-15 days for carrying out anaerobic ferment, the near medium temperature ferment process is utilized for removing the organic matters in the sewage, and the produced marsh gas is recycled; 3) the outlet water biogas liquid after anaerobic ferment enters a multi-level bionic oxidation channel, the residence time of the sewage in the multi-level bionic oxidation channel is 3-6 days, the organic matters are degraded, and nitrogen and phosphor are removed; 4) the outlet water after being treated by the multi-level bionic oxidation channel enters a multi-level artificial geological fast inleak system and goes through an infiltration medium from above to below by means of natural upright flow, and the outlet water is discharged in accord with standard. The technology and system is characterized by low cost, low energy consumption and high treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of livestock and poultry cultivation sewage treatment process and treatment system thereof.
Technical background
Along with social economy and continuous progress in science and technology, the industriallization of livestock and poultry breeding industry forward, mass-producing direction develop rapidly.Yet bringing than the large economy benefit to society when, its harm to environment also can not be ignored.The pollutent of livestock and poultry breeding industry discharging has the concentration height; The characteristics that quantity discharged is big; Organic concentration is high in the waste of its discharging, suspended substance is many, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus content height; Each item index has all exceeded several times of discharging standards even tens times, become than trade effluent and the bigger source of pollution of sewage, and be the important source of water pollution.According to statistics; The year ight soil generation of China's livestock and poultry breeding industry reaches 2,500,000,000 tons; Ight soil gets into the water body turnover rate up to 25%-30%; The quantity discharged of COD (COD) reaches 9,370 ten thousand tons, and the breeding wastewater quantity discharged surpasses more than 100 hundred million tons, considerably beyond the quantity discharged summation of Chinese industrial waste water and sanitary wastewater.
At present, the tupe of aquaculture wastewater has also field pattern, natural tupe and qualified discharge processing (industrial treatment) pattern.
Also the field pattern refers to sewage directly is applied to the soil.Though this pattern has simply, the economic dispatch advantage; Land use area is big, processing efficiency is low but exist; Handle not exclusively, problems such as pathogeny microorganisms spreading and odor pollution; Prolonged application can cause the accumulation in soil of nitrogen, phosphorus and hazardous and noxious substances, and maybe be through runoff pollution periphery water surrounding.Though this pattern technology is simple, cost is low, exists processing efficiency low, handles incomplete characteristics, and is big to the Pollution risk of environment, can not adapt to the WWT requirement of modern intensive breed industry.
The nature tupe refers to adopt natural processing means such as oxidation pond and artificial wet land system.The nature tupe often is applied to the sanitary sewage disposal of lower concentration, and for high COD, high nitrogen and phosphorus, the livestock and poultry sewage more than pathogenic micro-organism and the worm's ovum, often will with the anaerobic treatment process combination treatment.Though and adopt artificial swamp or oxidation pond to dispose of sewage advantages such as investment is less, unpowered operation, the mud easy blocking artificial swamp matrix that produces in the livestock and poultry anerobic sowage treating processes.General artificial swamp moved about half a year, and wastewater purifying efficiency will descend, and must upgrade matrix, caused overlapping investment.The oxidation pond operation stability is relatively poor, occurs the phenomenon of water quality deterioration easily.And artificial swamp and oxidation pond need large-area land used, and limited plant is difficult to satisfy condition to floor space.
Qualified discharge pattern (industrial treatment pattern) is meant that art breading aquaculture wastewaters such as adopting anaerobism, aerobic, anaerobic-aerobic is class methods of purpose with the qualified discharge.The anaerobic technique that is used at present to handle the sewage of raising pigs both at home and abroad mainly contains anaerobic filter (AF), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), hybrid anaerobic reactor (UASB+AF), CGSB (EGSB), flow lifting type sludge bed reactor (USR), upflow anaerobic sludge blanket process strainer (UBF), CSTR (complete hybrid anaeroic digestor), half mixing type anaerobic reactor etc.These anaerobic treatment technology can effectively be removed pathogenic micro-organism and the most of organism in the sewage of raising pigs, but usually have problems such as plant construction cost height, operation and maintenance cost height, and processing cost and efficient often are difficult to both and take into account.Livestock and poultry sewage needs through the aerobic treatment particularly denitrogenation dephosphorizing of COD of further degrading after anaerobic treatment, could qualified discharge.If adopt conventional aerobic aeration, the expense of aspects such as then investment, power consumption, process management, maintenance of the equipment is big, technical requirements is high, and enterprise is difficult to accept.
The plurality of heavy metal major part of using in the fodder additives in the livestock and poultry cultivation process all can not be absorbed, and goes and be excreted in the environment.The heavy metal that contains higher concentration in the livestock breeding wastewater, long-term a large amount of discharging can cause heavy metal content increase in soil and the plant, serious environment pollution.Handle the heavy metal wastewater thereby mature methods at present chemical precipitation method, active carbon adsorption and ion exchange method are arranged.Chemical precipitation method can be removed the heavy metal ion in the sewage fast, but exists working cost high, the water outlet concentration of heavy metal ion high with have the throw out secondary pollution problems.Ion exchange method and active carbon adsorption have the good advantage of effluent quality, but when in processing sewage, containing other positively charged ion, the counterweight metal selective is poor, also have operation and the high shortcoming of Master Cost.And the present Technology that does not also have specialized application heavy metal in handling livestock and poultry sewage.
Because China's livestock and poultry technology of waste water control backwardness, insufficient funds, treatment facility relatively seriously lags behind, and directly adopts industrial pattern up to standard obviously not meet China's national situation.Research and develop an integrated cover economical and efficient, less energy-consumption, the few maintenance; Can effectively remove COD, nitrogen and phosphorus and heavy metal in the waste water of livestock poultry; Realize the sewage qualified discharge; Again can efficient recovery nitrogen, the livestock and poultry combined sewage treating process of nutritive substance such as phosphorus, be China's poultry industry Sustainable development problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost is low, processing efficiency is high, energy consumption is low livestock and poultry cultivation sewage treatment process and treatment system thereof.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the utility model is: the livestock and poultry cultivation sewage treatment process is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) sewage pre-treatment: livestock and poultry cultivation sewage is discharged the back and is flowed into the waterways, behind the removal of the barrier in waterways foreign material, gets into the settling pit deposition; Sewage gets into water collecting basin after the settling pit deposition is removed the solid substance in the sewage; After mixing, sewage gets into the acidifying equalizing tank in water collecting basin; Organism and macromolecular substance acidification hydrolization in acidulated pool; For producing biogas, follow-up anaerobic pond prepares; And deposition is removed the soluble pollutent in the sewage, the follow-up red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices of supernatant entering in the acidifying equalizing tank;
The water intake mode of sewage pre-treatment is an intermittent loading, and water intake mode is to intake twice every day, after intaking 2 hours for the first time, and intermittently 6 hours, advance water for the second time again, flooding time is 2 hours; The water inlet back is intermittently 14 hours for the second time, intakes, intermittently hockets;
2) stop in the red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices through the sewage behind the acidifying equalizing tank and carried out anaerobically fermenting in 12～15 days, utilize nearly mesophilic digestion technology to remove the organic substance in the sewage, the methane recovery utilization of generation; The water intake mode of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices is the continuity water inlet;
3) outlet water biogas liquid behind red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices anaerobically fermenting gets into multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch; Sewage passes through baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode and natural vertical current mode in multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, fully dissolved oxygen and oxygenation, and be 3～6 days its residence time; Degradation of organic substances matter, and denitrogenation dephosphorizing;
4) water outlet after multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is handled gets into multistage artificial geology and oozes system soon, and natural vertical current mode is from top to bottom through filtration media, the water outlet qualified discharge.
Realize the livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems of above-mentioned technology, it comprises that sewage preprocessing system, red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices, multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, multistage artificial geology oozes system, bladder tank, supercharger soon; The sewage preprocessing system comprises waterways, barrier, settling pit, water collecting basin, acidifying equalizing tank, and an end in waterways is connected with the livestock and poultry cultivation outfall, and the other end in waterways is connected with the input terminus of settling pit, is provided with barrier in the waterways; The output terminal of settling pit is connected with the input terminus of water collecting basin, and the output terminal of water collecting basin is connected with the input terminus of acidifying equalizing tank, and the bottom of acidifying equalizing tank is provided with the mud soil pipe, and the acidifying equalizing tank is connected with the scum silica frost drying bed by the mud soil pipe; The output terminal of acidifying equalizing tank is connected by the input terminus of first waste pipe with the red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices; The red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices is provided with the collecting methane cover; One end of biogas pipe is connected with the collecting methane cover; The other end of biogas pipe is connected with the input terminus of bladder tank, and the output terminal of bladder tank is connected with the input terminus of supercharger, and the output terminal of supercharger links to each other with the biogas user; The sewage output terminal of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices is connected by the input terminus of second waste pipe with multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, and the output terminal of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is connected with the input terminus that multistage artificial geology is oozed system soon.
Principle of the present invention is:
1, sewage pre-treatment: through in interception such as barrier, settling pit, water collecting basin, the acidifying equalizing tank livestock and poultry sewage than foreign material such as macrofiber, hairs, remove larger particles, sand grains in the livestock and poultry sewage, effectively reduce organic loading, shortening anerobic sowage residence time; Grid is used for the hurdle and cuts foreign material and need regularly cleaning, and sewage is through the shunting of current baffle plate, and flow velocity reduces, and reaches the purpose of solid substance rapid subsidence; Be provided with whipping appts in the water collecting basin; In the acidifying equalizing tank, the macromolecule contaminant in the sewage is one-step hydrolysis, acidifying just, for anerobic sowage is handled ready; Water quality, the water yield before anaerobically fermenting is handled stored, regulated to the acidifying equalizing tank, reduces sterilized water toxicity, reduces the organic concentration of excrement sewage, makes concentrated, intermittent water inlet become equilibrium, continuity water outlet, and the balance hydraulic load improves the anaerobically fermenting effect.
The sewage that 2, will pass through after the pre-treatment gets into the red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices, utilizes nearly mesophilic digestion technology, removes most of organic substance in the sewage, reduces CODcr, and produces a large amount of clean energy-biogas;
The red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices adopts red-sludge plastic to cover skin as anaerobically fermenting, has characteristics such as heat absorptivity is good, good heat preservation performance, acid and alkali-resistance, collapsible, easy repairing, life-span length, good airproof performance, convenient transportation.Because good, the good heat insulating of heat absorptivity, pond body internal temperature is higher, is in nearly mesophilic digestion, and the cycle shortens dramatically, and factor of created gase is high, stable throughout the year.
3, multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch: utilize natural degradation processes such as nature dissolved oxygen, UV redox, plant purification and seepage flow to remove organic substance, and ability part denitrogenation dephosphorizing; Multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is the treatment system of a bionical attitude; Sewage passes through baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode and natural vertical current mode in multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch; Fully dissolved oxygen and oxygenation; The power of total system all derives from the natural water level drop, the operation of no equipment, no energy consumption, have investment low, safeguard less, advantage such as effective.
4, multistage artificial geology is oozed system soon: the water outlet of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch gets into multistage artificial geology and oozes the pond soon; Nature vertical current mode is passed through filtration media from top to bottom; The decomposition of the filtration through physics, absorption, volatilization, chemistry and amounts of residual contamination do such as effect removal heavy metal, nitrogen phosphorus such as the degraded of conversion, mikrobe, absorption make water outlet up to standard.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through pre-treating technology livestock and poultry sewage is in time carried out solid-liquid separation, gets rid of heavy (floating) slag, adjustment water quality, regulating pondage, the COD clearance reaches 25%, effectively improves follow-up anaerobism and aerobic treatment effect, saves follow-up investment.The red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices of same size is more cheap 55% than steel plate anaerobic device, and is more cheap 25% than concrete body anaerobic device, reduce cost of investment, and ferment effect is good, CODcr and BOD
5Clearance reach 80% and 90% respectively, factor of created gase high (this link is removed COD emphatically and removed worm's ovum etc., and can produce a large amount of clean energy biogas).Multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch operation need not any equipment, no energy consumption, but long-time running, and nutritive substances such as ability recovery part nitrogen, phosphorus; The clearance of nitrogen can reach 60% in its sewage, and the clearance of phosphorus can reach about 20%.The multistage artificial geology system of oozing soon can be removed the COD in the water outlet of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch under motorless situation, nitrogen and phosphorus, and heavy metal etc., clearance is respectively 60%, 80% and 90%, (this link is focused on dephosphorization and heavy metal).
Adopt sewage pre-treatment, red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices, multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, multistage artificial geology to ooze a whole set of combination process of system soon; Have stable; Treatment effect is good, cost is low, energy consumption is low; Do not need characteristics such as special maintenance, good to the removal effect of organism, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, water outlet each item index all can reach " livestock and poultry breeding industry pollutant emission standard (calendar year 2001) " (realization sewage qualified discharge; Environmental protection), be applicable to the processing of large-scale cultivation field high concentration organic sewage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of realizing the livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems of technology of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, the multistage artificial geology that realize technology of the present invention are oozed the vertical view of system soon;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3 along the D-D line;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of Fig. 3 along the E-E line;
Fig. 6 is the part sectioned view that oozes the filtration media in the pond soon;
Among the figure: 1-barrier, 2-settling pit, 3-water collecting basin, 4-acidifying equalizing tank, 5-first waste pipe, 6-mud soil pipe; 7-scum silica frost drying bed, 8-biogas pipe, 9-bladder tank, 10-supercharger, 11-red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (or claiming red-sludge plastic anaerobically fermenting pond), 12-second waste pipe; 13-multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, the multistage artificial geology of 14-is oozed system soon, 15-the 3rd waste pipe, 16-the 4th waste pipe, right first braiding channel of 17-, the right first step of 18-is oozed the pond soon; 19-oozes the pond in the right second stage soon, and the right third stage of 20-is oozed the pond soon, a 21-left side first braiding channel, the 22-person in charge that sprays water, the 23-arm of spraying water; The 24-left side first step is oozed the pond soon, and the second stage, a 25-left side is oozed the pond soon, and the 26-left side third stage is oozed the pond, 27-posticum, 28-the 4th braiding channel soon; The 29-output tube, 30-metalling, 31-nylon wire, 32-functional filler layer, 33-ore in sand form layer.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the livestock and poultry cultivation sewage treatment process, it comprises the steps:
1) sewage pre-treatment: livestock and poultry cultivation sewage is discharged the back and is flowed into the waterways, behind the removal foreign material of the barrier in the waterways (macrofiber, hair etc.), gets into the settling pit deposition; Solid substance (like macrobead solid substances such as excrement slag, sediment, scum silica frost, in settling pit, the precipitating) back that sewage is removed in the sewage through the settling pit deposition gets into water collecting basin; After mixing, sewage gets into the acidifying equalizing tank in water collecting basin; Organism and macromolecular substance in acidulated pool under the effect of acid formers acidification hydrolization (this link do not need outside add acid for adjusting pH value); For producing biogas, follow-up anaerobic pond prepares; Deposition is removed the soluble pollutent in the sewage then, and the supernatant in the acidifying equalizing tank is through the follow-up red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices of the balanced entering of outlet regulating device;
The water intake mode of sewage pre-treatment is an intermittent loading, and water intake mode is to intake twice every day, after intaking 2 hours for the first time, and intermittently 6 hours, advance water for the second time again, flooding time is 2 hours; The water inlet back is intermittently 14 hours for the second time, intakes, intermittently hockets; Water intake mode behind the acidifying equalizing tank becomes the continuity water inlet from the intermittent loading of sewage pretreatment stage, thereby has reduced the unbalanced influence of giving follow-up anaerobically fermenting pond of water quality and quantity;
2) stop in the red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices through the sewage behind the acidifying equalizing tank and carried out anaerobically fermenting in 12～15 days, utilize nearly mesophilic digestion technology (for existing technology) to remove the organic substance in the sewage, the methane recovery utilization of generation; The water intake mode of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices is the continuity water inlet;
3) outlet water biogas liquid behind red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices anaerobically fermenting gets into multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch; [be made up of 2～12 mimic ecological oxidation ditches through baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode and natural vertical current mode by multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch in multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch for sewage; First step mimic ecological oxidation ditch to last step mimic ecological oxidation ditch is arranged in order and is interconnected (being nature vertical current mode) to low from height, and drop is 0.4～0.6m between the adjacent two-stage mimic ecological oxidation ditch; Each grade mimic ecological oxidation ditch adopts baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode], fully dissolved oxygen and oxygenation, be 3～6 days its residence time, degradation of organic substances matter, and denitrogenation dephosphorizing;
4) water outlet after multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is handled gets into multistage artificial geology and oozes system soon, and natural vertical current mode is from top to bottom through filtration media, the water outlet qualified discharge.
Realize the livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems of above-mentioned technology, it comprises that sewage preprocessing system, red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices 11, multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13, multistage artificial geology oozes system 14, bladder tank 9, supercharger 10 soon; The sewage preprocessing system comprises waterways, barrier 1, settling pit 2, water collecting basin 3, acidifying equalizing tank 4, and an end in waterways is connected with the livestock and poultry cultivation outfall, and the other end in waterways is connected with the input terminus of settling pit 2, is provided with barrier 1 in the waterways; The output terminal of settling pit 2 is connected with the input terminus of water collecting basin 3; The output terminal of water collecting basin 3 is connected with the input terminus of acidifying equalizing tank 4; The bottom of acidifying equalizing tank 4 is provided with mud soil pipe 6 (on establish valve), and acidifying equalizing tank 4 is connected with scum silica frost drying bed 7 by mud soil pipe 6; The output terminal of acidifying equalizing tank 4 is by first waste pipe 5 be connected with the input terminus of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices 11 (output terminal of first waste pipe 5 sets out a mouthful setter); Red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices 11 is provided with the collecting methane cover; One end of biogas pipe 8 is connected with the collecting methane cover; The other end of biogas pipe 8 is connected with the input terminus of bladder tank 9; The output terminal of bladder tank 9 is connected with the input terminus of supercharger 10, and the output terminal of supercharger 10 links to each other with the biogas user; The sewage output terminal of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices 11 is connected by the input terminus of second waste pipe 12 with multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13, and the output terminal of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13 is connected with the input terminus that multistage artificial geology is oozed system 14 soon.
The length and width of described barrier 1 are of a size of 0.4m * 0.4m; Be welded to each other and reticulated structure by cross reinforcement bar, perpendicular reinforcing rod, the cross reinforcement bar is the fine steel rib bar, and perpendicular reinforcing rod is the crude steel rib; Gap 25mm between the crude steel rib; Gap 15mm between the fine steel rib bar, during installation, and the inclination angle between the vertical surface is 45 °～60 °.
The length and width of described settling pit 2 are of a size of 2m * 1m, and the degree of depth is 0.8m (significant depth), brick mix structure, and the ingress of settling pit is provided with the current baffle plate.Settling pit adopts prior art.
Described water collecting basin 3 is the underground type round shape, brick mix structure, and the degree of depth is 2.3～3.5m (significant depth), useful volume 20-40m
3
Described acidifying equalizing tank 4 adopts the semi-underground type brick mix structure, and the degree of depth is 2.5m (significant depth), hydraulic detention time 1 day; The Chi Ding of acidifying equalizing tank is provided with the scum silica frost swash plate, and the bottom is provided with back taper open caisson and mud scum pipe.
Described red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices 11 can adopt existing installation.The design hydraulic detention time of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (or claiming red-sludge plastic production anaerobic ferment devices) 11 is 12～15 days; 6 lattice (as shown in Figure 2) are set; The visual local landform of every lattice size is suitably adjusted; Available depth is generally 3.8m, adopts the underground type concrete structure, and Chi Ding covers skin for the arch form red-sludge plastic.Utilize nearly mesophilic digestion technology to remove the most of organic substance in the sewage, and produce a large amount of biogas.To the lower characteristics of existing red-sludge plastic fermentation technique fermentation efficiency, suitably increasing hydraulic detention time is 12～15 days, more shallow to the pond body; Receive the influence of winter low temperature easily, deepen the pond body degree of depth, and the external wall in part pond is set up convenient inexpensive lagging material on the ground; Like common plastics foam etc.; And outside whole anaerobic ferment devices, set up heat preservation greenhouse, and heat preservation greenhouse adopts steel framed structure, and material adopts greenhouse canopy PC plate.
Described multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13 is to improve on the prior art, adopts 2～12 mimic ecological oxidation ditches to form (each mimic ecological oxidation ditch adopts prior art).1), fall the relatively poor shortcoming of oxidation effect to existing mimic ecological oxidation ditch shallow-layer dissolved oxygen, thin layer, according to local physiographic relief drop, classification is set up with original mimic ecological oxidation ditch; First step mimic ecological oxidation ditch to last step mimic ecological oxidation ditch is arranged in order and is interconnected (being nature vertical current mode) to low from height, and drop is 0.4～0.6m between the adjacent two-stage mimic ecological oxidation ditch; Each grade mimic ecological oxidation ditch adopts baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode; Adopt step by step and reduce, the enhanced sewage dissolved oxygen that flows falls the oxygenation function.Multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13 among Fig. 2 is three groups goes here and there mutually, every group of 2 mimic ecological oxidation ditches.The waterplant of 2), adopting to existing mimic ecological oxidation ditch is prone to dead winter; The shortcoming that causes poor denitrification and dephosphorization effect; Adopt a kind of fast growth, can both efficiently utilize nitrogen and phosphorus growth in the sewage at all seasons, and can be as the plant of animal and fowl fodder like " the chrysanthemum fire hose ".Sewage biodegradability of outlet water biogas liquid behind anaerobically fermenting is poor; Single biochemical degradation method is difficult to be removed; Utilize the mobile dissolved oxygen of drop realization sewage shallow-layer, the thin layer of physiographic relief to fall oxygenation and enter into multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch this moment; Organic through measures such as multiple tracks filter screen, water surface planting aquatic plants degraded simultaneously, and denitrogenation dephosphorizing.Adopt forms such as nature vertical current and baffling irrigation canals and ditches, mainly form by several sections such as filter screen, traverse baffle, cross flow plate, mud open caisson, mud backflow inclined-plane, waterplant.Multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch be 0.4～0.6m deeply, the discrepancy in elevation is 0.4～0.6m between every grade, wide is 1.0～1.5m, sewage residence time in multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is 3～6 days, degradation of organic substances matter, and denitrogenation dephosphorizing.
Like Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, described multistage artificial geology is oozed system 14 soon and is comprised that the 3rd waste pipe 15, the 4th waste pipe 16, a left side ooze pond group, the right side soon and ooze the pond group soon; A left side is oozed the pond group soon and is oozed the pond soon by 2～5 left sides and form, and the right side is oozed the pond group soon and oozed the pond soon by 2～5 right sides and form; A left side is oozed pond group, the right side soon and is oozed pond group alternate run soon;
This instance right-of-center in political views is oozed the pond group soon and is adopted and ooze the pond soon by 3 right sides and form (be the right first step ooze soon pond 19 is oozed in pond 18, the right second stage soon, the right third stage is oozed pond 20 soon); The right first step oozes soon that pond 19 is oozed in pond 18, the right second stage soon, the right third stage is oozed pond 20 soon and is brick mix structure; The right first step oozes soon that pond 19 is oozed in pond 18, the right second stage soon, the right third stage is oozed pond 20 soon and is arranged in order from top to bottom, and adjacent two-stage oozes soon that drop is 0.8～1.0m between the pond; The right first step oozes soon that pond 19 is oozed in pond 18, the right second stage soon, the right third stage is oozed soon in the pond 20 and is equipped with filtration media; The right first step is oozed right sides, upper end in the pond 18 soon and is provided with right first braiding channel 17 (right side among Fig. 4 is the right side; A left side is the left side), the output port of the 4th waste pipe 16 communicates with right first braiding channel 17, and the input port of the 4th waste pipe 16 is connected with the output terminal of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13; The 4th waste pipe 16 is provided with valve; The upper end that the right first step is oozed in the pond 18 soon is provided with the water spray person in charge, and the end that water spray is responsible for communicates with right first braiding channel 17, and water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the right first step is oozed the filtration media in the pond 18 soon; The right sides, upper end that ooze in the pond 19 soon the right second stage are provided with right second braiding channel, and the left side wall that the right first step is oozed pond 18 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that the right first step is oozed on the left side wall in pond 18 soon communicates with right second braiding channel; The upper end that ooze in the pond 19 soon the right second stage is provided with the water spray person in charge; The end that water spray is responsible for communicates with right second braiding channel; Water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the right second stage is oozed the filtration media in the pond 19 soon; The right sides, upper end that the right third stage is oozed in the pond 20 soon are provided with right the 3rd braiding channel, and the left side wall that the right second stage is oozed pond 19 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that ooze on the left side wall in pond 19 soon the right second stage communicates with the right side the 3rd braiding channel; The upper end that the right third stage is oozed in the pond 20 soon is provided with the water spray person in charge; The end that water spray is responsible for communicates with right the 3rd braiding channel; Water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the right third stage is oozed the filtration media in the pond 20 soon; The left side wall that the right third stage is oozed pond 20 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that the right third stage is oozed on the left side wall in pond 20 soon communicates with the 4th braiding channel, and the 4th braiding channel is positioned at the right third stage and oozes soon outside the left side wall in pond 20;
A left side is oozed the pond group soon and is adopted and ooze the pond soon by 3 left sides and form (be the left first step ooze soon pond 25 is oozed in pond 24, the left second stage soon, the left third stage is oozed pond 26 soon) in this instance; The left side first step oozes soon that pond 25 is oozed in pond 24, the left second stage soon, the left third stage is oozed pond 26 soon and is brick mix structure; The left side first step oozes soon that pond 25 is oozed in pond 24, the left second stage soon, the left third stage is oozed pond 26 soon and is arranged in order from top to bottom, and adjacent two-stage oozes soon that drop is 0.8～1.0m between the pond; The left side first step oozes soon that pond 25 is oozed in pond 24, the left second stage soon, the left third stage is oozed soon in the pond 26 and is equipped with filtration media; The right side, upper end that the left side first step is oozed in the pond 24 soon is provided with left first braiding channel 21 (right side among Fig. 5 is the right side); The output port of the 3rd waste pipe 15 communicates with left first braiding channel 21; The input port of the 3rd waste pipe 15 is connected with the output terminal of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch 13, and the 3rd waste pipe 15 is provided with valve; The upper end that the left side first step is oozed in the pond 24 soon is provided with the water spray person in charge; The end that water spray is responsible for communicates with left first braiding channel 21; Water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the left first step is oozed the filtration media in the pond 24 soon; The right sides, upper end that ooze in the pond 25 soon the second stage, a left side are provided with left second braiding channel, and the left side wall that the left first step is oozed pond 24 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that the left first step is oozed on the left side wall in pond 24 soon communicates with left second braiding channel; The upper end that ooze in the pond 25 soon the second stage, a left side is provided with the water spray person in charge; The end that water spray is responsible for communicates with left second braiding channel; Water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the left second stage is oozed the filtration media in the pond 25 soon; The right sides, upper end that the left side third stage is oozed in the pond 26 soon are provided with a left side the 3rd braiding channel, and the left side wall that the left second stage is oozed pond 25 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that ooze on the left side wall in pond 25 soon the left second stage communicates with left the 3rd braiding channel; The upper end that the left side third stage is oozed in the pond 26 soon is provided with the water spray person in charge; The end that water spray is responsible for communicates with a left side the 3rd braiding channel; Water spray is responsible for and is provided with the water spray arm; Be evenly distributed with aperture on the water spray arm, water spray is responsible for, the water spray arm lays respectively at the top that the left third stage is oozed the filtration media in the pond 26 soon; The left side wall that the left side third stage is oozed pond 26 soon is provided with posticum, and the posticum that the left third stage is oozed on the left side wall in pond 26 soon communicates with the 4th braiding channel, and the 4th braiding channel is positioned at the left third stage and oozes soon outside the left side wall in pond 26, and output tube 29 communicates with the 4th braiding channel 28.
Described filtration media comprises ore in sand form layer 33, functional filler layer 32, metalling 30, and ore in sand form layer 33, functional filler layer 32, metalling 30 are arranged from top to bottom successively; The thickness of ore in sand form layer is 0.3m, and the material of ore in sand form layer is any one or the mixing that (contains two kinds) more than two kinds in Dali stone sand, river sand, the grouan, is any proportioning during mixing more than two kinds; The thickness of functional filler layer is 0.5m, and the functional filler layer is made up of denitrogenation layer and dephosphorization layer, and the volume ratio of denitrogenation layer and dephosphorization layer is 2: 1, and the denitrogenation layer is positioned at (or being positioned under the dephosphorization layer) on the dephosphorization layer; The material of denitrogenation layer is mainly efficient denitrification mineral materials such as zeolite, vermiculite, modified coal ash and mixes, and the volume ratio of zeolite, vermiculite, modified coal ash is 3: 2: 1～5: 2: 1; The material of dephosphorization layer is the mixing of any one or two kinds in slag, the blast furnace granulated slag, and two kinds is any proportioning when mixing; Metalling is a supporting layer, and the material of metalling is any one or the mixing that (contains two kinds) more than two kinds in shale, limestone, the gravel, is any proportioning during mixing more than two kinds, and the thickness of metalling is 0.1m; The packing material size of metalling is 1.0～2.0cm, and the material particle size of functional filler layer is 0.8～2.0mm, and the packing material size of ore in sand form layer is 0.5～1.0mm.
Be provided with nylon wire 31 between ore in sand form layer 33 and the functional filler layer 32, be provided with nylon wire 31 between functional filler layer 32 and the metalling 30.(interlayer separates with nylon wire).
Every grade oozes the pond height soon is 0.9 meter, and system is high 2.7 meters, and the pool wall that oozes the pond soon exceeds filtration media 0.2m as the protection height.Each oozes the long 14.4m in pond, wide 2.5m soon.Two groups are set up in parallel, and adopt bimodulus piece alternate run mode.
Described multistage artificial geology is oozed system 14 soon: though the sewage after multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is handled has been removed most of organic substance; But nitrogen phosphorus, heavy metal content are still higher; Also need get into the multistage artificial geology system of oozing soon and further handle, multistage artificial geology is oozed amounts of residual contamination do such as system high efficiency removal nitrogen phosphorus, heavy metal soon.
Sewage is uniformly distributed in through water distributor after pre-treatment and oozes pool surface soon; Nature vertical current mode is from top to bottom through filtration media, and effects such as the degraded of the decomposition of the filtration of pollutent through physics, absorption, volatilization, chemistry and conversion, mikrobe, absorption are become simple by complicacy, by the macromole molecule that diminishes; By not capable of using become capable of using, absorb; Constantly upgrade and cyclic regeneration, the organic substance of particularly holding back in the filtrate makes microbial reproduction, and mikrobe is further absorption again; The microbial film that formation is made up of zoogloea and a large amount of hypha,hyphaes, the microbial film effect of filter material surface is mainly leaned in the removal of pollutent.When effluent stream through the time; Natural mineral in the filtrate and industrial residue are to the absorption and the biomembranous throwing out of organic matter; Held back a large amount of solvability organic matters and suspended matter, the microbial film that enriches of filter material surface has certain degradation capability simultaneously, and water quality is purified.Realize system's oxygenation through the alternation of wetting and drying water distribution manner; Accomplish the circulation of anaerobic-aerobic biodegradation process, when organism was degraded, microbial film was owing to metabolism is brought in constant renewal in; Reach the dynamic biological metabolic balance; Quicken nitration denitrification denitrogenation efficient, keep removal effect chronically, realize the long-term efficient stable operation of system pollutent.
The principal feature that multistage artificial geology is oozed system soon is:
1, this system is primarily aimed at the end processing of the higher livestock and poultry sewage of nitrogen and phosphorus content and designs, and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is higher than quite a few times of sewages in the livestock and poultry sewage after common biological process is handled, and directly adopts the CRI system can't realize the efficient removal of nitrogen phosphorus.And ground pit wood material such as zeolite, vermiculite, modified coal ash, slag and Water Quenching Slag that this system adopts and industrial residue have the ability of high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization, and existing higher hydraulic load guarantees that again treat effluent reaches the requirement of " livestock and poultry sewage drainage standard ".
2, the operation of this system need not any expense; Utilize natural physical features drop; Sewage leans on gravity to ooze down naturally; Reduce the working cost that pump energy consumption brings, be suitable for plant's WWT of various scales, especially have the livestock and poultry farm waste water treatment project of the mountain region or the knob of rural area characteristic.
3, this system adopts the modularization operation scheme, and two cover system alternate runs (left side is oozed pond group, the right side soon and oozed the pond group soon) can switch to the redundant system operation through valve immediately in case stop up, and avoid stopping up causing a whole set of technology to be paralysed.Stop up mainly is that the organic concentration of intaking is too high, causes organic metabolism unbalanced because the biomembranous speed of growth is too fast; Be difficult to quick reparation; Through stopping the organic input and the degraded of certain hour, system can recover voluntarily, so system adopts bimodulus piece alternate run.
This system has high hydraulic load, is about 1.2m/d (m
3/ m
2D), be higher than at influent concentration under the situation of sewage, can reach and the consistent hydraulic load 1.0-1.5m/d (m of existing CRI technology
3/ m
2D).Water distribution is 4 times in the CRI system one day, and each water distribution 15-20 minute, frequent waterflooding frequently fell dried, and water pump will start operation repeatedly every day, and energy consumption is higher.Multistage artificial geology is oozed system soon and is not then received the fixedly restriction in water distribution cycle; According to local geographical situation, the variation of potential condition and water-in and water-out water quality; And the difference of livestock and poultry sewage flush time, hydraulic load that can corresponding Adjustment System reaches the top condition of steady running.
Claims (7)
1. the livestock and poultry cultivation sewage treatment process is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1) sewage pre-treatment: livestock and poultry cultivation sewage is discharged the back and is flowed into the waterways, behind the removal of the barrier in waterways foreign material, gets into the settling pit deposition; Sewage gets into water collecting basin after the settling pit deposition is removed the solid substance in the sewage; Get into the acidifying equalizing tank after sewage mixes in water collecting basin, organism and macromolecular substance acidification hydrolization in acidulated pool prepare for follow-up anaerobic pond produces biogas, and deposition is removed the soluble pollutent in the sewage; Supernatant in the acidifying equalizing tank gets into follow-up red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices;
The water intake mode of sewage pre-treatment is an intermittent loading;
2) stop in the red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices through the sewage behind the acidifying equalizing tank and carried out anaerobically fermenting in 12～15 days, utilize nearly mesophilic digestion technology to remove the organic substance in the sewage, the methane recovery utilization of generation; The water intake mode of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices is the continuity water inlet;
3) outlet water biogas liquid behind red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices anaerobically fermenting gets into multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch; Sewage passes through baffling irrigation canals and ditches mode and natural vertical current mode in multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch, fully dissolved oxygen and oxygenation, and be 3～6 days its residence time; Degradation of organic substances matter, and denitrogenation dephosphorizing;
4) water outlet after multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is handled gets into multistage artificial geology and oozes system soon, and natural vertical current mode is from top to bottom through filtration media, the water outlet qualified discharge;
Described multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is made up of 2～12 mimic ecological oxidation ditches, and first step mimic ecological oxidation ditch to last step mimic ecological oxidation ditch is arranged in order and is interconnected to low from height, and drop is 0.4～0.6m between the adjacent two-stage mimic ecological oxidation ditch; Plant in the mimic ecological oxidation ditch and utilize nitrogen and phosphorus growing plants in the sewage;
The described multistage artificial geology system of oozing soon comprises that a left side oozes pond group, the right side soon and ooze the pond group soon; A left side is oozed the pond group soon and is oozed the pond soon by 2～5 left sides and form, and the right side is oozed the pond group soon and oozed the pond soon by 2～5 right sides and form; A left side is oozed pond group, the right side soon and is oozed pond group alternate run soon;
Described filtration media comprises ore in sand form layer (33), functional filler layer (32), metalling (30), and ore in sand form layer (33), functional filler layer (32), metalling (30) are arranged from top to bottom successively; The thickness of ore in sand form layer is 0.3m, and the material of ore in sand form layer is any one or the mixing more than two kinds in Dali stone sand, river sand, the grouan, is any proportioning during mixing more than two kinds; The thickness of functional filler layer is 0.5m, and the functional filler layer is made up of denitrogenation layer and dephosphorization layer, and the volume ratio of denitrogenation layer and dephosphorization layer is 2: 1; The material of denitrogenation layer is mainly zeolite, vermiculite and modified coal ash and mixes, and the volume ratio of zeolite, vermiculite, modified coal ash is 3: 2: 1～5: 2: 1; The material of dephosphorization layer is the mixing of any one or two kinds in slag, the blast furnace granulated slag, and two kinds is any proportioning when mixing; The material of metalling is any one or the mixing more than two kinds in shale, limestone, the gravel, is any proportioning during mixing more than two kinds, and the thickness of metalling is 0.1m; The material particle size of metalling is 1.0～2.0cm, and the material particle size of functional filler layer is 0.8～2.0mm, and the packing material size of ore in sand form layer is 0.5～1.0mm.
2. realize the livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems of the described technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises that sewage preprocessing system, red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (11), multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch (13), multistage artificial geology oozes system (14), bladder tank (9), supercharger (10) soon; The sewage preprocessing system comprises waterways, barrier (1), settling pit (2), water collecting basin (3), acidifying equalizing tank (4); One end in waterways is connected with the livestock and poultry cultivation outfall; The other end in waterways is connected with the input terminus of settling pit (2), is provided with barrier (1) in the waterways; The output terminal of settling pit (2) is connected with the input terminus of water collecting basin (3); The output terminal of water collecting basin (3) is connected with the input terminus of acidifying equalizing tank (4); The bottom of acidifying equalizing tank (4) is provided with mud soil pipe (6), and acidifying equalizing tank (4) is connected with scum silica frost drying bed (7) by mud soil pipe (6); The output terminal of acidifying equalizing tank (4) is connected by the input terminus of first waste pipe (5) with red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (11); Red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (11) is provided with the collecting methane cover; One end of biogas pipe (8) is connected with the collecting methane cover; The other end of biogas pipe (8) is connected with the input terminus of bladder tank (9); The output terminal of bladder tank (9) is connected with the input terminus of supercharger (10), and the output terminal of supercharger (10) links to each other with the biogas user; The sewage output terminal of red-sludge plastic anaerobic ferment devices (11) is connected by the input terminus of second waste pipe (12) with multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch (13), and the output terminal of multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch (13) is connected with the input terminus that multistage artificial geology is oozed system (14) soon.
3. livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the length and width of described barrier are of a size of 0.4m * 0.4m; Be welded to each other and reticulated structure by cross reinforcement bar, perpendicular reinforcing rod, the cross reinforcement bar is the fine steel rib bar, and perpendicular reinforcing rod is the crude steel rib; Gap 25mm between the crude steel rib, the gap 15mm between the fine steel rib bar.
4. livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the length and width of described settling pit are of a size of 2m * 1m, and the degree of depth is 0.8m, and the ingress of settling pit is provided with the current baffle plate.
5. livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described water collecting basin is the underground type round shape, and the degree of depth is 2.3～3.5m, useful volume 20～40m
3
6. livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described acidifying equalizing tank adopts the semi-underground type brick mix structure, and the degree of depth is 2.5m; The Chi Ding of acidifying equalizing tank is provided with the scum silica frost swash plate, and the bottom is provided with back taper open caisson and mud scum pipe.
7. livestock and poultry cultivation Sewage treatment systems according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: described multilevel bionic attitude oxidation ditch is made up of 2～12 mimic ecological oxidation ditches; First step mimic ecological oxidation ditch to last step mimic ecological oxidation ditch is arranged in order and is interconnected to low from height, and drop is 0.4～0.6m between the adjacent two-stage mimic ecological oxidation ditch; Plant in the mimic ecological oxidation ditch and utilize nitrogen and phosphorus growing plants in the sewage.
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