CN113045138B

CN113045138B - Multistage plaque filtering wetland system designed for lugu lake big grass sea degraded wetland

Info

Publication number: CN113045138B
Application number: CN202110340241.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 符利勇; 陈巧; 胡宗达; 谭炳香; 凌成星; 业巧林
Original assignee: Research Institute Of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy Of Forestry
Current assignee: Research Institute Of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy Of Forestry
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-30
Also published as: CN113045138A

Abstract

The invention provides a multistage plaque filtering wetland system designed for a lugu lake grass sea degraded wetland, aiming at the existing problems of the lugu lake grass sea, and the system comprises: ecological revetment system and two at least individual plaques, ecological revetment system includes tertiary filtration subsystem at least, be provided with at least one water filtering ponds and at least one infiltration well in the plaque. The system is divided into a multi-level and multi-patch wetland system, so that the retention and purification functions of the water body are achieved, pollutants in the water can be absorbed by plants or can be decomposed by reacting with microorganisms through multi-level retention and filtration, the purposes of purifying the water body and restoring water ecology are achieved, and the system has a remarkable effect on restoring the ecological environment of the lugu lake grass wetland.

Description

Multistage plaque filtering wetland system designed for lugu lake big grass sea degraded wetland

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental management, in particular to a multistage plaque filtration wetland system designed for a lagoon big grass sea degraded wetland.

Background

The lugu lake big grass sea wetland is located in lugu lake town of Yanyuan county of Sichuan province, has the characteristic of low-latitude alpine climate, is abundant in rainfall and is obvious in dry and wet seasons. Due to high terrain, sufficient sunlight and large temperature difference in the morning and evening. The lugu lake is surrounded by high mountains, the lake surface has wide water area, and the natural scenery is beautiful and pleasant.

However, with the influence of various factors such as nature, human factors and the like, the degradation of the lugu lake big grass sea wetland is very serious and mainly reflected in that: annual average precipitation is reduced to cause wetland degradation, a make-up water source is polluted to cause wetland system damage, wetland biological resource is over utilized to cause wetland landscape to be seriously broken, the land process of the wetland is accelerated to cause the wetland degradation, aquatic plants grow too fast, the water area is shrunk to cause the wetland degradation, and the impact and the influence of human factors such as tourism and propaganda strength are not in place on the wetland.

The water area of the grass sea wetland is reduced year by year, and by 1 month in 2019, the water area is reduced by about 500 hectares compared with that in 1995, and the area of the wetland is continuously shrunk. Aiming at the condition that the big grass sea wetland is seriously degraded, ecological environment protection projects including a sewage interception pipeline project, a slope ecological restoration project, a sediment treatment project and the like are implemented in the lugu lake area, but the effect is not great from the site situation of the project.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multi-stage plaque filtering wetland system designed for a degraded wetland of lugu lake grassy sea, aiming at the existing problems of the lugu lake grassy sea.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and provides a multistage plaque filtration wetland system designed for a lagocha major degraded wetland, which comprises the following steps: ecological revetment system and two at least individual plaques, ecological revetment system includes tertiary filtration subsystem at least, be provided with at least one water strainer and at least one infiltration well in the plaque.

Preferably, the ecological revetment system comprises from top to bottom in sequence: permeable pavement, dry depression, primary filter belt, ecological retention ditch, secondary filter belt, waterfront buffer belt, primary permeable basin, retention pond and secondary permeable basin.

Preferably, the ecological revetment system comprises from top to bottom in sequence: revetment zone, first-stage seasonal wetland, second-stage seasonal wetland, ecological timber pile or gabion revetment.

Preferably, the ecological revetment system comprises from top to bottom in sequence: revetment forest belt, ecological planting belt, gabion revetment belt.

Preferably, the plaque is provided with a first-stage water filtering tank, a second-stage water filtering tank and a penetration well in sequence, the first-stage water filtering tank and the second-stage water filtering tank sequentially comprise a water storage layer, an organic covering material, planting soil, a medium sand filtering layer, a zeolite filtering medium layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, and the height difference between the first-stage water filtering tank and the second-stage water filtering tank is 50-100 cm.

Preferably, the infiltration well is made of PE materials, the well wall and the well bottom of the infiltration well are provided with open pores, and the open pore rate of the open pores is 1% -3%.

Drawings

For a clearer explanation of the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-stage plaque filtration wetland system according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a third ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first plaque provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a second plaque provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a permeate well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Aiming at the existing problems of the lugu lake grassy sea, the scheme provides the multistage plaque filtering wetland system designed aiming at the lugu lake grassy sea degraded wetland. Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a multi-stage plaque filtration wetland system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 1, the present system comprises: ecological revetment system and at least two plaques. Specifically, ecological revetment system includes tertiary filtration subsystem at least, be provided with at least one drainage pond and at least one infiltration well in the plaque. The invention provides a multistage plaque filtration wetland system designed for an lugu lake grasswort degraded wetland, aiming at the existing problem of the lugu lake grasswort, and the system comprises: ecological revetment system and two at least individual plaques, ecological revetment system includes tertiary filtration subsystem at least, be provided with at least one water filtering ponds and at least one infiltration well in the plaque. The system is divided into a multi-level and multi-patch wetland system, so that the retention and purification functions of the water body are achieved, pollutants in the water can be absorbed by plants or can be decomposed by reacting with microorganisms through multi-level retention and filtration, the purposes of purifying the water body and restoring water ecology are achieved, and the system has a remarkable effect on restoring the ecological environment of the lugu lake grass wetland.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 2, the ecological revetment system comprises, from top to bottom: permeable pavement, dry depression, a primary filter belt, an ecological retention ditch, a secondary filter belt, a waterfront buffer belt, a primary permeable basin, a retention pond and a secondary permeable basin.

Referring to fig. 3, a schematic view of a second ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 3, the ecological revetment system comprises, from top to bottom: revetment zone, first-stage seasonal wetland, second-stage seasonal wetland, ecological timber pile or gabion revetment.

Referring to fig. 4, a schematic view of a third ecological revetment system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 4, the ecological revetment system comprises, from top to bottom: revetment zone, ecological planting zone, gabion revetment zone.

Aiming at the revetment settlement area, the scheme utilizes the branch sinking bed technology to protect the revetment, prevents local collapse from causing dam break, builds ecological landscape, combines the ecological landscape with dead branches and other materials, prevents corrosion, controls deposition and provides habitat for organisms. For steep slopes or areas with serious erosion, natural stones and woods are adopted to protect bottoms in addition to planting vegetation so as to enhance the water flow scouring resistance of the bank and prevent water and soil loss. If the slope base is protected by gabions, wooden piles or stones, soil dikes with certain slopes are built on the slope base, and vegetation is planted on the slopes. The wooden pile retaining wall is made of round wooden piles with the diameter of 150mm and the length of 1m, is directly inserted into soil, and is buried deeper than 50cm, and the length of the project installation wooden pile retaining wall is 260 m. In addition, combining the topography of the terrain, ecological gabion revetments can also be adopted to construct the stepped wetland. Grass seeds are put in the gaps of the gabion, and a green barrier can be formed after a period of time. The specification of the gabion is 1X1X0.5m high, larger stones are applied to pile and pile in the galvanized steel wire mesh to form a retaining wall with a firm structure and without damaging ecology, so that the rainwater erosion and the water and soil loss are prevented, the length of the gabion retaining wall is 2370m, and the length of the gabion bag retaining wall is 230 m.

Combining the terrain and the terrain, and adopting an ecological gabion revetment to construct the stepped wetland. Grass seeds are put in the gaps of the gabion, and a green barrier can be formed after a period of time. The specification of the gabion is 1X1X0.5m high, larger stones are applied to pile and pile in the galvanized steel wire mesh to form a retaining wall with a firm structure and without damaging ecology, so that the gabion retaining wall is prevented from being washed by rainwater and being lost, and the length of the gabion retaining wall is 2370 m.

Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a first plaque according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present application, the patch may be sequentially provided with a water filtering pond and a permeation well, and the water filtering pond sequentially comprises a water storage layer, an organic covering, planting soil, a medium sand filtering layer, a zeolite filtering medium layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom.

Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a second plaque according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As can be seen from fig. 6, in other embodiments of the present application, the plaque may be sequentially provided with a first-stage water filtering pond, a second-stage water filtering pond and a penetration well, the first-stage water filtering pond and the second-stage water filtering pond all sequentially include a water storage layer, an organic covering, planting soil, a medium sand filtering layer, a zeolite filtering medium layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, and a height difference between the first-stage water filtering pond and the second-stage water filtering pond is 50-100 cm. Specifically, due to the limitation of height difference, the patch can be provided with 2 layers of filtering ponds, the height difference of each layer is 60cm, the pond wall is of a rubble structure, and the wetland filler is a medium sand filtering layer with the thickness of 100mm, a zeolite filtering medium layer with the thickness of 400mm and a gravel layer with the diameter of 20-30mm from top to bottom. The aquatic plants are planted in the pond, rainwater or other water sources are filtered, retained and purified through stem leaves, root systems and fillers of the aquatic plants, the rainwater or other water sources are discharged into the underground or water system, lake water sources are supplemented, and the effects of improving water quality, purifying water sources and reducing surface runoff are achieved.

When the water supplement amount is sufficient, after the retention reaction and the filtration, the water body flows from the upper layer to the lower layer and is finally discharged into a lake water system; under the conditions of less water amount and low water level, one water pump is arranged in the water system, and lake water can be mixed into the undercurrent wetland pool, so that a circulating water source is formed, the water quality is improved, and the landscape effect is maintained.

Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a permeation well according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As can be seen from figure 7, in the application, the infiltration well is made of PE, the wall and the bottom of the infiltration well are both provided with openings, and have an infiltration function, and the opening rate of the openings is 1% -3%.

Claims

1. A multistage plaque filtration wetland system designed for lugu lake grass sea degraded wetland, comprising: ecological revetment system and two at least plaques, ecological revetment system top-down includes in proper order: permeable pavement, dry depression, primary filter belt, ecological retention ditch, secondary filter belt, waterfront buffer belt, primary permeable basin, retention pond and secondary permeable basin; or, ecological revetment system top-down includes in proper order: a revetment forest belt, a primary seasonal wetland, a secondary seasonal wetland and an ecological timber pile or a gabion revetment; the plaque has set gradually one-level water filtering pond, second grade water filtering pond and infiltration well, one-level water filtering pond with the second grade water filtering pond all includes water storage layer, organic cover, planting soil, middlings filter layer, zeolite filter medium layer and gravel layer from the top down in proper order, one-level water filtering pond with difference in height between the second grade water filtering pond is 50-100 cm.

2. The multistage plaque filtration wetland system designed for the lugu lake big grass sea degraded wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that the penetration well is made of PE, the wall and the bottom of the penetration well are provided with openings, and the opening rate of the openings is 1-3%.