CN113039998B - Industrial high-yield cultivation method for abalone mushroom - Google Patents
Industrial high-yield cultivation method for abalone mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
An industrial high-yield cultivation method for abalone mushroom comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a fermentation culture material; (2) mixing and bagging; (3) sterilizing; (4) third-stage purification and inoculation; (5) planting and culturing; (6) and (5) cultivating mushrooms. The raw materials used in the invention are naturally piled and biologically fermented, which is beneficial to the growth of abalone mushroom hyphae; meanwhile, the base number of germs of the culture material is reduced, the high-temperature sterilization time is shortened, the reeds can be effectively utilized, and the production cost is reduced; the cultivation method provided by the invention can timely regulate and control temperature, humidity, illumination and CO according to the growth habit of the abalone mushroom 2 The concentration of the abalone mushroom is improved, and the yield and the quality of the abalone mushroom are improved; the abalone mushroom finished product obtained by the cultivation technology has the advantages of biological conversion rate of more than or equal to 70%, complete mushroom shape, thick mushroom cap, good shape and remarkably improved economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an abalone mushroom cultivation method, in particular to an abalone mushroom industrial high-yield cultivation method.
Background
The abalone mushroom is rich in nutrition, rich in meat quality and unique in flavor, is one of more ideal fungus foods for people, but the industrial cultivation of the abalone mushroom is just started in China, and the cultivation technology is immature; according to DB 43/T1464-2018 export abalone mushroom production technical regulation published by quality and technology supervision authorities in Hunan province, the regulation requires that transgenosis is not used in raw materials. Because the cottonseed hulls are economic and practical, the common cultivation raw materials for the abalone mushrooms are adopted, but most of cotton planted in China at present is transgenic, so the cottonseed hulls cannot be used as the cultivation raw materials for the abalone mushrooms; meanwhile, the abalone mushroom produced at present has small cap, poor mushroom shape and low biological conversion rate; therefore, the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is to improve the yield and the quality of the abalone mushroom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides the abalone mushroom cultivation method which is good in mushroom shape, high in biotransformation rate, low in production cost and suitable for industrial production and export.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem is that the factory high-yield cultivation method for the abalone mushroom comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation culture material:
a. adding raw materials of lotus seed hulls, gypsum and lime to reed, and adjusting moisture and pH value to obtain a culture material pile;
b. covering a film on the culture material pile, piling and fermenting, then adding lime water and vegetable cakes, and turning over the pile to obtain a fermentation culture material;
(2) mixing and bagging: adding wheat bran and water into the fermentation culture material obtained in the step (1), stirring to obtain a mixture, and bagging to obtain a fungus bag;
(3) and (3) sterilization: subpackaging the fungus bags obtained in the step (2) into a sterilization frame, moving the fungus bags into a layered sterilization vehicle, pushing the layered sterilization vehicle into a sterilization cabinet, and sterilizing;
(4) third-stage purification and inoculation: transferring the sterilized fungus bags to a ten thousand-level purification room for purification, transferring the fungus bags to a thousand-level purification room for purification, and finally placing the fungus bags subjected to secondary purification in a hundred-level purification room for inoculation;
(5) planting and culturing: placing the inoculated fungus bags in a mushroom house for planting and culturing;
(6) cultivating mushrooms: and placing the fungus bags subjected to planting culture in a fruiting room for culture.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 28-32% of lotus seed shells, 28-32% of reeds, 18-22% of vegetable cakes, 16-20% of wheat bran, 0.8-1.2% of gypsum and 0.8-1.2% of lime.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of lotus seed shells, 30% of reeds, 20% of vegetable cakes, 18% of wheat bran, 1% of gypsum and 1% of lime.
Preferably, in the step (1) a, the water content of the culture material pile is 60-65%.
Preferably, in the step (1) a, the pH value of the culture material pile is more than or equal to 7.
Preferably, in the step (1) a, the width of the culture material pile is 1.2-1.5 m, the height is 0.8-1.0 m, and the length is 10-15 m.
Preferably, in the step (1) a, the number of layers of the culture material pile is 5-6, and the weight of the culture material pile is 2000 kg-3000 kg.
Preferably, in the step (1) b, the water content of the fermentation culture material is 60-65%.
Preferably, in the step (1) b, the time of the composting fermentation is 8 d-10 d.
Preferably, in the step (1) b, the concentration of the lime water is 3% -5%.
Preferably, in the step (1) b, the turning time is when the temperature in the culture material pile starts to fall after rising to 65-72 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (1) b, the turning manner is to turn all the cultivation materials around to the middle.
Preferably, in the step (2), the stirring time is 30min, and the stirring speed is 60 r/min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the water content of the mixture is 63-67%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the bagging amount is 1120 g-1200 g per bag.
Preferably, in the step (3), the sterilization temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the sterilization time is 6-8 h.
Preferably, in the step (4), the ten thousand-level purification room is used for purifying and cooling the sterilized fungus bags to 28-30 ℃ within 6-8 hours.
Preferably, in the step (4), the thousand-level purification chamber is used for purifying and cooling the purified fungus bags to 22-25 ℃ within more than or equal to 2 hours.
Preferably, in step (4), the inoculation amount is 6 g/bag.
Preferably, in step (5), the culture conditions are: the temperature is 22-25 ℃, and CO is 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm (ppm is millionth) and the humidity is 65-75%.
Preferably, in the step (5), the culturing time is 25-30 d.
Preferably, in the step (6), the mushroom cultivation method comprises the following steps:
time: day 1
Stage (2): period of scheduling
Transferring the fungus bags with mycelia growing for 2-3 days into a cultivation room, and placing the fungus bags on a bedstead to prevent the fungus bags from being extruded, heated and burned to cause the death of the mycelia;
the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 14-16 ℃; the relative humidity is 65-75%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 2
Stage (2): period of mycelium stimulation treatment
Digging off primordium of fruiting body formed at the bag opening, cleaning floor, and spraying disinfectant for sterilization; the disinfectant is preferably potassium permanganate with the concentration of 1 per mill or 1% lime water.
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, and the temperature is 16-18 ℃; the relative humidity is 85-95%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, and the temperature is 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 3
Stage (2): mushroom hastening period
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature of AM8: 00-AM 8:00 is 10-12 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 4 to day 5
Stage (2): bud fruiting period
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8:00PM24:00 at the temperature of 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 950-1050 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination to ensure that light irradiates each fungus bag; PM24: 00-AM 8:00, and the temperature is 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 950-1050 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 6 to 8
Stage (2): growth and harvest stage
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, and the temperature is 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 18-20 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark; full fruiting and harvesting of fungus bags
Time: 9 th to 11 th days
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark; the hyphae are recovered;
time: day 12 to day 18
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, and the temperature is 18-20 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 16-18 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark; stimulating at variable temperature;
time: day 19 to day 21
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-22 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark; hypha growth is recovered;
time: day 22-28
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, gasThe temperature is 18-20 ℃; the relative humidity is 80-90%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 16-18 ℃; the relative humidity is 95-100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s; the light is dark; stimulating at variable temperature;
collected on day 28.
The invention purifies the sterilized fungus bags in three stages, reduces the probability of contaminating the fungus bags with mixed fungi, and ensures that the quality rate of the fungus bags is more than or equal to 96 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: (1) the raw materials used in the invention are subjected to natural composting and biological fermentation treatment, so that harmful antibacterial substances are removed, macromolecular substances are degraded, and the absorption of abalone mushroom hyphae is facilitated; (2) the water content of the culture material used in the invention is appropriate, so that eggs in the culture material pile are promoted to hatch, the germ base number of the culture material is reduced, and the high-temperature sterilization time is shortened; the invention also effectively utilizes the reeds, thereby reducing the production cost; (3) the invention adopts the optimal culture material formula which is adaptive to the abalone mushroom, lays a foundation for stable yield and high yield, and in addition, the cultivation method timely regulates and controls temperature, humidity, illumination, CO according to the growth habit of the abalone mushroom 2 The concentration effectively improves the yield and the quality of the abalone mushroom; the biotransformation rate of finished products of mushrooms is over 70 percent, the biotransformation rate is effectively improved by over 10 percent, the mushroom shapes are complete, the mushroom covers are thick, the shapes are good, the market price is effectively improved by over 20 percent, the continuous and effective supply of the market is ensured, and the comprehensive benefit is improved by over 25 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The abalone mushroom strains used in the following examples of the present invention were purchased from edible mushroom institute of agriculture university in Hunan, and the chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention were purchased through conventional commercial routes, unless otherwise specified.
The culture material used in the embodiment is prepared by mixing the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of lotus seed shells, 30% of reeds, 20% of vegetable cakes, 18% of wheat bran, 1% of gypsum and 1% of lime, and the cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation culture material: stacking the culture materials into a trapezoidal stack with the width of 1.2m, the height of 1m and the length of 10m, firstly laying a layer of reed with the thickness of 20cm, then uniformly adding lotus seed hulls, gypsum and lime on the reed, adding water while laying the materials to ensure that the water content reaches 60%, simultaneously adding 3% of lime water, adjusting the pH value to 8, laying 5 layers in total, and taking the culture materials with the mass of 2000kg as a stack; then covering the culture material pile with a film, composting and fermenting, measuring the temperature for 2 times every day, turning the pile when the temperature in the culture material pile begins to fall after rising to 65 ℃, and uniformly adding 3 percent of lime water and vegetable cakes according to the proportion while turning the pile until the water content reaches 60 percent and the pH value is 8; when the compost is turned, turning the surrounding compost to the middle, keeping the height and the width of the compost pile unchanged as much as possible, and obtaining the fermentation compost when the temperature in the compost pile rises to 65 ℃ and then begins to fall, wherein the composting time is 8 d;
(2) mixing and bagging: placing the fermentation culture material obtained in the step (1) and wheat bran into a material mixing barrel, adding water, stirring for 30min at 60r/min to obtain a mixture with the water content of 65%, and then loading the mixture into a fungus bag with the specification of 18cmx36cmx5cm according to the bagging amount of 1120 g-1200 g/bag;
(3) and (3) sterilization: subpackaging the fungus bags obtained in the step (2) into a sterilization frame, moving the fungus bags into a layered sterilization vehicle, pushing the layered sterilization vehicle into a sterilization cabinet, closing a sterilization cabinet door, starting a boiler for sterilization, and sterilizing for 6 hours at 100 ℃;
(4) three-stage purification and inoculation: transferring the sterilized fungus bags into a ten thousand-level purification room, purifying and cooling to below 28 ℃ for 6h, then transferring into a thousand-level purification room, purifying and cooling to 25 ℃ for 2h, finally transferring the purified fungus bags placed in a sterilization frame to a hundred-level purification room through a conveyer belt, and carrying out sterile inoculation according to the standard of 6 g/bag of inoculation amount;
(5) planting and culturing: transferring the inoculated fungus bags into a culture room by using a cart under the conditions of humidity of 65%, temperature of 22 ℃ and CO 2 The concentration is 1450ppm, the culture lasts for 25 days, and hyphae grow over the fungus bags;
(6) cultivating mushrooms: and (4) moving the fungus bags with the mycelia overgrowing for 2 days in the step (5) into a fruiting room for mushroom cultivation management:
time: day 1
Stage (2): period of scheduling
Transferring the fungus bags with mycelia growing for 2 days into a cultivation room bed frame, and placing the fungus bags for 3 layers;
the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 15 ℃; relative humidity 65%; CO 2 2 Concentration 1450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 2
Stage (2): period of mycelium stimulation treatment
Cutting off plastic at the bag opening, reserving 1cm of plastic, digging off primordium of fruiting body formed at the bag opening, cleaning the floor after the work is finished, and spraying 1 per mill of potassium permanganate for disinfection;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, and the air temperature is 16 ℃; relative humidity 85%; CO 2 2 Concentration 1450 ppm; wind speed 0.7 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, and the temperature is 22 ℃; relative humidity 100%; CO 2 2 A concentration of 1550 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 3
Stage (2): mushroom hastening period
The situation is as follows: the hypha on the charge surface can bud only by temperature difference stimulation;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-AM 8:00 temperature is 12 ℃; relative humidity 95%; CO 2 2 Concentration 1450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: 4, 4-5 days;
stage (2): bud fruiting period
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 24:00, and the temperature is 20 ℃; relative humidity 80%; CO 2 2 Concentration 950 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination to ensure that light irradiates each fungus bag; PM24: 00-AM 8:00, and the temperature is 20 ℃; relative humidity 95%; CO 2 2 Concentration 950 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 6 to 8
Stage (2): growth and harvest stage
The situation is as follows: fully fruiting and harvesting the fungus bags;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature 22 ℃; relative humidity 80%; CO 2 2 Concentration 500ppm(ii) a Wind speed 0.6 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, and the temperature is 20 ℃; relative humidity 98%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: 9 th to 11 th days
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The situation is as follows: the hyphae are recovered;
the culture conditions are as follows: the air temperature is 22 ℃; relative humidity 85%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.65 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 12 to day 18
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The situation is as follows: stimulating at variable temperature;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature 19 ℃; relative humidity 80%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, and the air temperature is 16 ℃; relative humidity 95%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 19 to day 21
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The situation is as follows: the hyphae are recovered;
the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20 ℃; relative humidity 80%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
time: day 22-28
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The situation is as follows: stimulating at variable temperature;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature 19 ℃; relative humidity 80%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; turning on a lamp for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, and the air temperature is 16 ℃; relative humidity 100%; CO 2 2 The concentration is 450 ppm; wind speed 0.6 m/s; the light is dark;
the mushroom harvest can be completed on the 28 th day.
The experiment of the embodiment shows that compared with the domestic prior cultivation technology, the culture material formula provided by the invention is combined with a mushroom cultivation management mode, and the fungus bag rate of the qualified product reaches 96%; meanwhile, the high-temperature sterilization time is shortened, local reeds are effectively utilized, and the cost is reduced; the finished product mushroom obtained by the cultivation technology has 70 percent of biotransformation rate, complete mushroom shape, thick mushroom cap and good shape, effectively improves the market price by 20 percent, ensures the continuous and effective supply of the market and improves the comprehensive benefit by 25 percent.
Claims (6)
1. An industrial high-yield cultivation method for abalone mushroom is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation culture material:
a. the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 28-32% of lotus seed shells, 28-32% of reeds, 18-22% of vegetable cakes, 16-20% of wheat bran, 0.8-1.2% of gypsum and 0.8-1.2% of lime; adding raw materials of lotus seed shells, gypsum and lime to the reed, and adjusting the moisture and the pH value to obtain a culture material pile;
b. covering a film on the culture material pile, piling and fermenting, then adding lime water and vegetable cakes, and turning over the pile to obtain a fermentation culture material; the water content of the fermentation compost is 60% -65%, the composting fermentation time is 8-10 d, and the concentration of the lime water is 3% -5%; the turning time is when the internal temperature of the culture material pile rises to 65-72 ℃ and then begins to fall;
(2) mixing and bagging: adding wheat bran and water into the fermentation culture material obtained in the step (1), stirring to obtain a mixture, and bagging to obtain a fungus bag; the stirring time is 30min, the stirring speed is 60r/min, the water content of the mixture is 63-67%, and the bagging amount is 1120 g-1200 g/bag;
(3) and (3) sterilization: subpackaging the fungus bags obtained in the step (2) into a sterilization frame, moving the fungus bags into a layered sterilization vehicle, pushing the layered sterilization vehicle into a sterilization cabinet, and sterilizing;
(4) three-stage purification and inoculation: transferring the sterilized fungus bags to a ten thousand-level purification room for purification, transferring the fungus bags to a thousand-level purification room for purification, and finally placing the fungus bags subjected to secondary purification in a hundred-level purification room for inoculation;
(5) planting and culturing: placing the inoculated fungus bags in a mushroom house for planting and culturing;
(6) cultivating mushrooms: placing the fungus bags subjected to planting culture in a fruiting room for culturing; the mushroom cultivation method comprises the following steps:
time: day 1
Stage (2): period of scheduling
Transferring the fungus bags with mycelia growing for 2-3 days into a cultivation room, and placing the fungus bags on a bedstead to prevent the fungus bags from being extruded, heated and burned to cause the death of the mycelia;
the culture conditions are as follows: air temperature of 14-16 ℃, relative humidity of 65-75%, and CO 2 1450-1550 ppm concentration, 0.6-0.7 m/s wind speed and dark light;
time: day 2
Stage (2): period of mycelium stimulation treatment
Digging off primordium of fruiting body formed at the bag opening, cleaning floor, and spraying disinfectant for sterilization; the concentration of the disinfectant is 1 per mill of potassium permanganate or 1% of lime water;
the culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature of 16-18 ℃, relative humidity of 85-95%, CO 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the lamp is turned on for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, temperature of 20-22 ℃, relative humidity of 95-100%, CO 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the light is dark;
time: day 3
Stage (2): mushroom hastening period
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 10-12 ℃, the relative humidity is 95-100%, and CO is 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the light is dark;
time: day 4 to day 5
Stage (2): bud fruiting period
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 24:00, temperature of 20-22 ℃, relative humidity of 80-90 percent, CO 2 The concentration is 950-1050 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the light is turned on to ensure that the light irradiates each fungus bag; PM24: 00-AM 8:00, temperature of 20-22 ℃, relative humidity of 95-100%, CO 2 The concentration is 950-1050 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the light is dark;
time: day 6 to 8
Stage (2): growth and harvest stage
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, temperature of 20-22 ℃, relative humidity of 80-90 percent, CO 2 Concentration 450 ^ e550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the lamp is turned on for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 18-20 ℃, the relative humidity is 95-100%, and CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, the light is dark, and the mushroom bags are fully grown and harvested;
time: 9 th to 11 th days
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-22 ℃, the relative humidity is 80-90%, and CO is 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, the light is dark, and the hyphae recover to grow;
time: day 12 to day 18
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature of 18-20 ℃, relative humidity of 80-90%, CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the lamp is turned on for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 16-18 ℃, the relative humidity is 95-100%, and CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, the light is dark, and the temperature is changed to stimulate;
time: day 19 to day 21
Stage (2): period of hypha recovery
The culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 20-22 ℃, the relative humidity is 80-90%, and CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, the light is dark, and the hyphae recover to grow;
time: day 22-28
Stage (2): growth and harvest period of fruiting
The culture conditions are as follows: AM8: 00-PM 17:00, air temperature of 18-20 ℃, relative humidity of 80-90%, CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm; the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, and the lamp is turned on for illumination; PM17: 00-AM 8:00, the temperature is 16-18 ℃, the relative humidity is 95-100%, and CO 2 The concentration is 450-550 ppm, the wind speed is 0.6-0.7 m/s, the light is dark, and the temperature is changed to stimulate;
and finishing mushroom harvesting on the 28 th day.
2. The method for industrially cultivating the abalone mushroom with high yield according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components by weight percent: 30% of lotus seed shells, 30% of reeds, 20% of vegetable cakes, 18% of wheat bran, 1% of gypsum and 1% of lime.
3. The pleurotus abalones factory high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step (1) a, the water content of the culture material pile is 60% -65%, the pH value of the culture material pile is not less than 7, the width of the culture material pile is 1.2-1.5 m, the height is 0.8-1.0 m, the length is 10-15 m, the number of layers of the culture material pile is 5-6, and the weight of the culture material pile is 2000 kg-3000 kg.
4. The industrial high-yield cultivation method for the abalone mushroom according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (3), the sterilization temperature is 100-120 ℃ and the sterilization time is 6-8 h.
5. The industrial high-yield cultivation method for the abalone mushroom according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (4), the ten-thousand-level clean room is used for purifying and cooling the sterilized mushroom bags to 28-30 ℃ within 6-8 h, the ten-thousand-level clean room is used for purifying and cooling the mushroom bags purified by the ten-thousand-level clean room to 22-25 ℃ within more than or equal to 2h, and the inoculation amount is 6 g/bag.
6. An abalone mushroom industrial high-yield cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by that in step (5), the cultivation conditions are: the temperature is 22-25 ℃, and CO is 2 The concentration is 1450-1550 ppm, the humidity is 65-75%, and the culture time is 25-30 d.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911372338.9A CN113039998B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Industrial high-yield cultivation method for abalone mushroom |
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| CN101978814A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-02-23 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for shortening hypha growth cycle of pleurotus eryngii fruiting bag and improving yield |
| CN103460998A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 湖南省致远农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae by using waste fungus for producing pleurotus eryngii in industrialized manner |
| CN106171531A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南湘蕈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Pleurotus abalonus planting technique |
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| CN106171531A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南湘蕈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Pleurotus abalonus planting technique |
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