CN113035379B - Single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma - Google Patents
Single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
- G21B1/15—Particle injectors for producing thermonuclear fusion reactions, e.g. pellet injectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma, which adopts the compact ring plasma as fuel particles, and adopts a single-stage capacitor to finish the front end forming and rear end accelerating processes of the compact ring plasma, so as to form a cylindrical single-stage high-speed feeding system; the charging system comprises a host device and a single-stage capacitor, wherein the host device comprises a solenoid, a metal cylinder inner electrode and a metal cylinder outer electrode; the single-stage capacitor is adopted to complete the formation and acceleration process of compact ring plasma, which is beneficial to saving the construction cost; the ratio of the inner electrode of the metal cylinder to the outer electrode of the metal cylinder at the tail part of the host device is 1/5, and the speed and the acceleration efficiency of compact ring plasma are obviously improved. The invention solves the core feeding problems that the prior feeding means such as supplementary air supply, ultrasonic molecular beams and pellets are difficult to realize, and provides technical means for improving the restraint of plasma, inhibiting MHD (mobile high-definition) module, relieving plasma rupture and the like in a nuclear fusion device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion, in particular to a single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma.
Background
The chinese fusion engineering laboratory reactor (CFETR) established two main objectives, namely the realization of a steady-state fusion power of 1GW and the realization of tritium self-sustaining, respectively. The existing research results show that the direct injection of fuel particles (deuterium and tritium) into the core plasma can not only remarkably improve fusion power of the core plasma, but also remarkably reduce the requirement on tritium increment rate (TBR), thereby achieving the goal of CFETR tritium self-sustaining. Core charging has become one of the core means of controlling fusion combustion plasmas. The existing feeding means such as supplementary air supply, ultrasonic molecular beams and pellets are difficult to realize core feeding.
The addition of fuel to a magneto-confined fusion reactor is an important research topic, and particularly for a large tokamak device, how to overcome the strong magnetic field repulsive effect and directly inject the fuel into a core area of a reaction is always a problem which is solved by scientific researchers. Conventional charging methods, such as: shot injection, ultrasonic gas injection, plasma jet, etc., have varying acceleration effects on fuel particles, respectively, of less than 1km/s to 30km/s, insufficient to penetrate directly into the tokamak central region of height Wen Gaomi.
Thus, the current charging technology has core charging problems such as supplementary air supply, ultrasonic molecular beam and pellets which are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems: the single-stage high-speed feeding system based on the compact ring plasma solves the core feeding problems that the existing feeding means such as supplementary air supply, ultrasonic molecular beams and pellets are difficult to realize, improves the restraint of the plasma in a nuclear fusion device, inhibits an MHD (mobile high-definition) module and relieves plasma rupture.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma adopts the compact ring plasma as fuel particles, and adopts a single-stage capacitor to complete the front end formation and rear end acceleration processes of the compact ring plasma, so as to form a cylindrical single-stage high-speed feeding system.
The single-stage high-speed charging system comprises a host device and a single-stage capacitor; the host device comprises a solenoid coil, two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses, a single metal cylinder outer electrode and an air injection window, wherein the two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are welded together, namely a front metal cylinder inner electrode and a rear metal cylinder inner electrode; the solenoid coil which is the innermost part from inside to outside is fixed on a metal ring cover plate through an insulating material, two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are arranged in the middle, the outer layers of the two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are single metal cylinder outer electrodes, a plurality of gas injection windows which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction are arranged on the single metal cylinder outer electrodes, fuel gas injected through the gas injection windows is diffused between the metal cylinder inner electrodes and the metal cylinder outer electrodes, and the injected fuel gas forms compact ring plasmas through ionization and acceleration of a single-stage capacitor.
The length ratio of the front end metal cylinder inner electrode to the rear end metal cylinder inner electrode is 3/7, the radius ratio of the rear end metal cylinder inner electrode to the single metal cylinder outer electrode is 1/5, the feeding system with the characteristics obviously improves the speed and the acceleration efficiency of compact ring plasma, the speed of the compact ring plasma generated by the feeding system is 150 km/s-1000 km/s, the acceleration efficiency is 20% -50%, and the compact ring plasma serving as fuel particles can penetrate into a Tokamak central area with the height of Wen Gaomi sufficiently, so that the core feeding problem which is difficult to realize by the existing feeding means is solved.
The feed system produces a compact torroidal plasma having a plasma current greater than 1.6X10 -3 Momentum of N.S and more than 10 21 m -3 By injecting the compact ring plasma into the central region of the tokamak plasma, etc., the circumferential flow velocity of the tokamak plasma can be controlled, the confinement of the tokamak plasma is improved, the MHD mode is suppressed, and the fracture of the tokamak plasma is alleviated.
And the tail end of the metal cylindrical outer electrode is welded with a metal annular plate flange, and the metal annular plate flange is used for being connected with a test platform or a drift tube during experimental test.
The length, the number of turns and the winding size of the solenoid coil are determined according to the molding requirement of the magnetic flux and the compact-ring plasma, and the relation between the magnetic flux and the radius of the compact-ring plasma is as followsThe relation between the magnetic flux and the distance between the two inner electrodes and the outer electrode in the host device is +.>Is magnetic flux, B is magnetic induction intensity, R is coil radius, I f Is the shaping current for forming the compact ring plasma, lambda is the helicity eigenvalue, delta is the spacing between the inner and outer electrodes of the two metal cylinders of different radii of the forming zone.
The single-stage capacitor single discharge satisfies the formation and acceleration of compact ring plasma in a host device, compact ring plasma is generated through the front end of the host device, the compact ring plasma is accelerated to a high-speed state by electromagnetic force at the rear end of the host device, finally the compact ring plasma is sprayed out from an opening at the rear end of the host device, the whole time of the compact ring plasma formation and acceleration process is within 100 mu s, only a single capacitor is required to discharge in the whole process, and simultaneously the speed and the density of a compact ring charging system are adjustable through the adjustment of the single-stage capacitor.
The main machine device of the single-stage high-speed charging system based on the compact ring plasma has good tightness, and the main machine device needs to be vacuumized to 10 when in use -5 The gas injected in the gas injection window is high-pressure gas with purity higher than 99.999% and gas pressure range of 0.2-8.0 MPa.
The working principle of the single-stage high-speed charging system based on the compact ring plasma is as follows:
(a) Firstly, energizing a solenoid coil to generate a polar magnetic field, and injecting gas from a gas injection window between an inner electrode of a metal cylinder and an outer electrode of the metal cylinder;
(b) After the gas is uniformly diffused between the inner electrode and the outer electrode of the metal cylinder, triggering a single-stage capacitor, wherein the single-stage capacitor breaks down between the inner electrode and the outer electrode of the metal cylinder and ionizes the gas into plasma;
(c) The compact ring plasma passing through the front end of the host device is formed into compact ring plasma after being in reconnection with the polar magnetic field by the annular magnetic field generated by radial current, the compact ring plasma is accelerated to a high-speed state by electromagnetic force in an acceleration area, and finally is ejected from the tail end of the host device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention discloses a single-stage high-speed feeding system of compact ring plasma, which is a novel method for feeding a nuclear fusion device developed on the application of compact ring plasma technology, simultaneously proposes a single-stage capacitor to complete the formation and acceleration process of the compact ring plasma, solves the problem that the core part of the fusion device is difficult to feed by the existing feeding means, and provides a novel research technical path for improving the restraint of the plasma in the nuclear fusion device, inhibiting an MHD (mobile high-definition) module, relieving plasma rupture and the like.
(2) In the host device of the single-stage high-speed charging system based on the compact ring plasma, the ratio of the length of the inner electrode of the front metal cylinder to the length of the inner electrode of the rear metal cylinder is designed to be 3/7, the ratio of the radius of the inner electrode of the tail metal cylinder to the radius of the outer electrode of the metal cylinder is designed to be 1/5, and the charging system with the characteristics obviously improves the speed and the acceleration efficiency of the compact ring plasma.
(3) The feeding system of the invention produces compact ring plasma with speed of 150 km/s-1000 km/s and acceleration efficiency of 20% -50%, and the compact ring plasma has a speed of more than 1.6X10% -3 Momentum of N.S and more than 10 21 m -3 So that the fuel particles can penetrate directly into the fusion reaction core region of the nuclear fusion device.
(4) The compact ring plasma generated by the single-stage high-speed charging system based on the compact ring plasma is continuously rotated and provided with the circumferential momentum, the compact ring plasma can be used for controlling the circumferential flow speed for injecting the circular momentum into the tokamak plasma by tangentially injecting the compact ring plasma into the tokamak plasma, the restriction of the tokamak plasma can be improved by the circumferential flow, the MHD (mobile high-definition) model is restrained, the fracture and the like of the tokamak plasma are reduced, and therefore, the single-stage high-speed charging system of the compact ring plasma can provide a research technical means for controlling the circumferential flow speed for injecting the circular momentum into the tokamak plasma.
(5) The single-stage high-speed charging system based on the compact ring plasma only comprises one capacitor, and the speed and the fuel particle acceleration efficiency of the charging system can be adjusted through the adjustment of the capacitor.
(6) The host device of the invention does not contain a compression part, and compact ring plasmas generated by a charging system can be rapidly accelerated to be injected into a fusion device, so that the structural integrity of a compact ring serving as fuel particles is ensured. Under the same circuit parameters, the single-stage capacitor discharge energy converts more electric energy into the kinetic energy of the compact-ring plasma or increases the acceleration efficiency of the compact-ring plasma.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single stage high velocity feed system based on a compact toroid plasma of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the host device configuration of the compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mainframe assembly of the compact-ring plasma-based monopole high speed feeder system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of an apparatus of a single stage high velocity plasma-based feed system of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder, 2 is metal cylinder outer electrode, 3 is ground, 4 is solenoid coil, 5 is extremely magnetic field, 6 is the gas injection window, 7 is front end metal cylinder inner electrode, 8 is single-stage electric capacity, 9 is rear end metal cylinder inner electrode, 10 is metal ring plate flange, 11 is compact ring plasma extremely magnetic field, 12 is compact ring plasma annular magnetic field, 13 is compact ring plasma, 14 is polytetrafluoroethylene ring plate flange, 15 is metal ring outer electrode welding plate, 16 is polytetrafluoroethylene ring, 17 is metal ring inner electrode welding plate, 601 is first gas injection window, 602 is second gas injection window, 603 is third gas injection window, 604 is fourth gas injection window, 605 is fifth gas injection window, 606 is sixth gas injection window.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention uses compact ring plasma as fuel particles and adopts a single-stage capacitor to complete the front end forming and rear end accelerating processes of the compact ring plasma to form a cylindrical single-stage high-speed feeding system; the charging system comprises a host device and a single-stage capacitor, wherein the host device comprises a solenoid, a metal cylinder inner electrode and a metal cylinder outer electrode; the single-stage capacitor is adopted to complete the formation and acceleration process of compact ring plasma, which is beneficial to saving the construction cost; the ratio of the inner electrode of the metal cylinder to the outer electrode of the metal cylinder at the tail part of the host device is 1/5, the ratio of the length of the inner electrode of the front end metal cylinder to the length of the inner electrode of the rear end metal cylinder is 3/7, the length of the inner electrode of the front end metal cylinder is 0.3m, the radius of the inner electrode of the rear end metal cylinder is 0.07m, the radius of the inner electrode of the rear end metal cylinder is 0.02m, the length of the outer electrode of the metal cylinder is 0.9m, and the radius of the outer electrode of the metal cylinder is 0.1 m.
The length, the number of turns and the winding size of the solenoid coil are determined according to the formation requirement of the magnetic flux and the compact-ring plasma, and the relation between the magnetic flux and the radius of the compact-ring plasma is as followsThe relation between the magnetic flux and the distance between the two inner electrodes and the outer electrode in the host device is +.>Is magnetic flux, B is magnetic induction intensity, R is coil radius, I f Is the shaping current for forming the compact ring plasma, lambda is the helicity eigenvalue, delta is the spacing between the inner electrode and the outer electrode of the two metal cylinders with different radii of the forming zone. The solenoid coil of the host device according to the design has a length of 0.30m and a radius of 0.1m, and is wound with copper wire with a diameter of 2mm, and needs to be wound for 150 turns, and the winding density is as follows: n=50/m. According to the magnetic induction intensity generated by the solenoid coil being 0.1T, the relation between the magnetic induction intensity of the solenoid coil and the current is utilized: />It is possible to obtain a current of 1600A supplied to the solenoid coil by an external power supply, thereby generating +.> Is a magnetic flux of (a).
The single-stage capacitor discharge satisfies the formation and acceleration of compact ring plasma in a host device, compact ring plasma is generated through the front end of the host device, the compact ring plasma is accelerated to a high-speed state by electromagnetic force at the rear end of the host device, and finally is sprayed out from an opening at the rear end of the host device, the whole time of the compact ring plasma formation and acceleration process is within 100 mu s, only a single capacitor is required to discharge electricity in the whole process, and simultaneously, the speed and density of the compact ring plasma charging system are adjustable through the adjustment of the single-stage capacitor. The distance between the inner electrode of the metal cylinder and the outer electrode of the metal cylinder in the compact ring plasma forming area is delta=0.02m, and the screw intrinsic value of the compact ring plasma is obtained by the methodWhereby the relation of the current requirement by compact toroid plasma shaping to the solenoid coil flux>The single stage capacitance is calculated to provide a current in excess of 400KA for a stable compact ring plasma to be formed. The speed of the compact ring plasma depends on the acceleration current of the compact ring plasma in an acceleration area, the larger the acceleration current provided by the single-stage capacitor is, the stronger the electromagnetic force generated by the acceleration current is, and the larger the speed obtained by the compact ring plasma is, the maximum current of the single-stage capacitor used at present is 600KA, and the single-stage capacitor can be researched and developed again according to the requirement, so that the current is improved. Compact ring plasmas generated using single stage capacitive feed systems have a plasma density of greater than 1.6x10 -3 Momentum of N.S and more than 10 20 —10 23 m -3 By tangentially injecting the compact-ring plasma into the tokamak plasma, the compact-ring plasma is injected into the center region of the tokamak plasma, and the like, the circumferential flow speed of the tokamak plasma can be controlled, the confinement of the tokamak plasma is improved, the MHD (mobile high-definition) mode is inhibited, the tokamak is relieved, and the likeThe ion body breaks.
The host device has good tightness, and the host device is vacuumized to 10 when in use -5 The gas injected in the gas injection window is high-pressure gas with purity higher than 99.999% and gas pressure range of 0.2-8.0 MPa. The gas injected from the gas injection window is hydrogen in fusion experiments, deuterium-tritium mixed gas is needed to be adopted in feeding of a large fusion device, and the mixing ratio of the gas is 1:1.
as shown in fig. 1, the single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma comprises a solenoid coil 4, wherein the solenoid coil 4 is insulated by a polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder 1, a metal cylinder outer electrode 2 and a metal cylinder inner electrode 7, and can generate a polar magnetic field 5 through a self-contained power supply, the middle part is a front end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and a rear end metal cylinder inner electrode 9 which are welded together, the metal cylinder outer electrode 2 is provided with an air injection window 6, and the tail end of the metal cylinder outer electrode 2 is welded with a metal annular plate flange 10. The leftmost end is the ground 3 of the whole system, and the whole system device is discharged by the single-stage capacitor 8.
The working implementation mode of the monopole high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma is as follows:
(1) When in use, the vacuum degree between the inside of the device and the gas pipeline is ensured to be 10 -5 After Pa is higher, generating a polar magnetic field 5 by using a solenoid coil 4, and injecting gas from a gas injection window 6 between a metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and a metal cylinder outer electrode 2 at the front end of the device;
(2) After the gas is uniformly diffused between the front-end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and the metal cylinder outer electrode 2, triggering a single-stage capacitor 8, wherein the single-stage capacitor 8 breaks down between the front-end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and the metal cylinder outer electrode 2 and ionizes the gas into plasma;
(3) The toroidal magnetic field generated by the plasma passing through the front end of the host device in radial current is in reconnection with the polar magnetic field 5 generated by the solenoid coil 4 to form compact ring plasma, the compact ring plasma is accelerated to a high-speed state by electromagnetic force in an acceleration region, and finally is ejected from the tail end of the host device.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder 1 of a main unit device of a single-stage high-speed feeding system based on compact ring plasma is fixed with a polytetrafluoroethylene circular plate flange 14 by adopting screws, the polytetrafluoroethylene circular plate flange 14 is fixed with a metal circular outer electrode welding plate 15, a plurality of gas injection windows 6 (6 are adopted in the embodiment of the invention) are formed on the metal cylinder outer electrode 2, so that gas uniformly diffuses between a front-end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and the metal cylinder outer electrode 2, a front-end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and a rear-end metal cylinder inner electrode 9 are welded together in the rear end of the main unit device, and a metal circular plate flange 10 is welded at the tail end of the metal cylinder outer electrode 2.
As shown in fig. 3, a solenoid coil 4 is placed at the innermost part of the host device of the invention, and is insulated from a front end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and a metal cylinder outer electrode 2, the solenoid coil 4 is fixed with a metal ring inner electrode welding plate 17 by adopting an insulating material, after the metal ring inner electrode welding plate 17 is fixed with a polytetrafluoroethylene ring 16, the polytetrafluoroethylene ring 16 is sealed and fixed with an insulating material polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder 1, the polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder 1 is sealed and fixed with a polytetrafluoroethylene ring plate flange 14, then a metal ring outer electrode welding plate 15 is sealed and fixed by using a screw, the metal ring outer electrode welding plate 15 is welded with the metal cylinder outer electrode 2, a metal ring plate flange 10 is welded at the tail end, and the front end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 and the rear end metal cylinder inner electrode 9 are welded together and positioned in the device.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the device of the single-stage high-speed feeding system based on the compact ring plasma is that a polytetrafluoroethylene cylinder 1 is fixed on a metal cylinder outer electrode 2 in sequence from inside to outside, a solenoid coil 4 is positioned at the innermost part of a host device and is fixed with a front end metal cylinder inner electrode 7 by adopting an insulating material, 6 gas injection windows 6 are formed on the metal cylinder outer electrode 2, and are respectively a first gas injection window 601, a second gas injection window 602, a third gas injection window 603, a fourth gas injection window 604, a fifth gas injection window 605 and a sixth gas injection window 606. The diameter of 6 gas injection windows arranged on the metal cylindrical outer electrode 2 is 2cm, and the gas injection windows are uniformly distributed on the metal cylindrical outer electrode 2 in the radial direction.
The foregoing detailed description of the compact torroidal plasma-based monopole high velocity feed system has been presented with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, and is intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and therefore, changes and modifications may be made without departing from the general inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. A single-stage high-speed charging system based on compact-ring plasma, characterized in that: adopting compact ring plasma as fuel particles, and adopting a single-stage capacitor to complete the front end forming and rear end accelerating processes of the compact ring plasma, so as to form a cylindrical single-stage high-speed feeding system;
the single-stage high-speed charging system comprises a host device and a single-stage capacitor; the host device comprises a solenoid coil, two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses, a single metal cylinder outer electrode and an air injection window, wherein the two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are welded together, namely a front metal cylinder inner electrode and a rear metal cylinder inner electrode; the solenoid coil which is the innermost part from inside to outside is fixed on a metal ring cover plate through an insulating material, two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are arranged in the middle, the outer layers of the two metal cylinder inner electrodes with different radiuses are single metal cylinder outer electrodes, a plurality of gas injection windows which are uniformly distributed in the radial direction are arranged on the single metal cylinder outer electrodes, fuel gas injected through the windows is diffused between the metal cylinder inner electrodes and the metal cylinder outer electrodes, and the injected fuel gas forms compact ring plasmas through ionization and acceleration of a single-stage capacitor.
2. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the ratio of the length of the front end metal cylinder inner electrode to the length of the rear end metal cylinder inner electrode are 3/7, the ratio of the radius of the rear end metal cylinder inner electrode to the radius of the single metal cylinder outer electrode are 1/5, the feeding system with the characteristics obviously improves the speed and the acceleration efficiency of compact ring plasmas, the speed of the compact ring plasmas generated by the feeding system is 150 km/s-1000 km/s, and the acceleration efficiency is 20% -50%.
3. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the feed system produces a compact torroidal plasma having a plasma current greater than 1.6X10 -3 Momentum of N.S and more than 10 21 m -3 Is a density of (3).
4. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: and the tail end of the metal cylindrical outer electrode is welded with a metal annular plate flange, and the metal annular plate flange is used for being connected with a test platform or a drift tube during experimental test.
5. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the length, the number of turns and the winding size of the solenoid coil are determined according to the molding requirement of the magnetic flux and the compact-ring plasma, and the relation between the magnetic flux and the radius of the compact-ring plasma is as followsThe relation between the magnetic flux and the distance between the two inner electrodes and the outer electrode in the host device is +.> Is magnetic flux, B is magnetic induction intensity, R is coil radius, I f Is the shaping current for forming the compact ring plasma, lambda is the helicity eigenvalue, delta is the spacing between the inner electrode and the outer electrode of the two metal cylinders with different radii of the forming zone.
6. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the single-stage capacitor single discharge satisfies the formation and acceleration of compact ring plasma in a host device, compact ring plasma is generated through the front end of the host device, the compact ring plasma is accelerated to a high-speed state by electromagnetic force at the rear end of the host device, finally the compact ring plasma is sprayed out from an opening at the rear end of the host device, the whole time of the compact ring plasma formation and acceleration process is within 100 mu s, only a single capacitor is required to discharge in the whole process, and simultaneously the speed and density of a compact ring plasma charging system are adjustable through the adjustment of the single-stage capacitor.
7. The compact toroid plasma based single stage high speed feed system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the host device has good tightness, and the host device is vacuumized to 10 when in use -5 The gas injected in the gas injection window is high-pressure gas with purity higher than 99.999% and gas pressure range of 0.2-8.0 MPa.
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| GB865082A (en) * | 1958-04-22 | 1961-04-12 | Atomic Energy Commission | Thermonuclear injection process and injector |
| US4601871A (en) * | 1983-05-17 | 1986-07-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Steady state compact toroidal plasma production |
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