CN113027974A - Multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid damper - Google Patents

Multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid damper Download PDF

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CN113027974A
CN113027974A CN202110219050.9A CN202110219050A CN113027974A CN 113027974 A CN113027974 A CN 113027974A CN 202110219050 A CN202110219050 A CN 202110219050A CN 113027974 A CN113027974 A CN 113027974A
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damper
cylinder body
damping cylinder
magnetorheological
piston
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赵倩
刘杰
李超
袁静
蒋会明
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F16F9/20—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with the piston-rod extending through both ends of the cylinder, e.g. constant-volume dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3228—Constructional features of connections between pistons and piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3292—Sensor arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/53—Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically
    • F16F9/535—Magnetorheological [MR] fluid dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/04—Fluids
    • F16F2224/045—Fluids magnetorheological
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/04—Fluids
    • F16F2224/048—High viscosity, semi-solid pastiness

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration control, and provides a multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper which comprises a damping cylinder body for containing a working medium, a magnetic isolating layer sleeved on the damping cylinder body, two pistons arranged oppositely and an excitation coil arranged on the pistons and positioned in the damping cylinder body, wherein the working medium is a high-molecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder, the pistons are made of a magnetic conductive material, and one piston moves synchronously under the driving of the other piston. The damper combines the magneto-rheological effect and the shear thickening effect to realize the dual control of the magnetic field and the shear rate field, the output damping force of the damper is larger and more controllable, the defect that the control frequency band of the traditional single control mode damper is narrower is overcome, and the damper has the dual field response vibration attenuation energy consumption function and the good self-adaptive characteristic under the action of the magnetic field and the rate field and is more suitable for the vibration control occasion of complex precise machinery in the field of mechanical engineering.

Description

Multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid damper
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration control, and particularly relates to a multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper.
Background
Vibration is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the nature, most of vibration is harmful to power machinery, and excessive vibration can bring adverse effects to the stable operation of the machine, and can cause the machine to stop or even cause accidents in serious cases. Along with the development of science and technology, the working condition is more and more severe, the rotating speed is higher and higher, and a vibration control method with stronger adaptability is needed to ensure the safe and stable operation of the machine.
The variable damping control technology is a common method for controlling structural vibration, for example, an intelligent fluid damper with controllable dynamic characteristics is manufactured by adopting electric/magneto-rheological fluid, the structural vibration is dynamically controlled by adjusting output damping force by changing the control current of the electric/magneto-rheological fluid damper, and the variable damping control technology has a large amount of research and application in the field of vibration control and obtains good damping vibration attenuation effect. However, the electro-magnetic rheological fluid is prepared by dielectric particles and ferromagnetic solid particles respectively, so that the electro-magnetic rheological fluid is easy to settle after being used for a long time, and has poor settling resistance, so that the rheological controllability of the electro-magnetic rheological fluid is changed, and the performance of the electro-magnetic rheological fluid is unstable. The common shear thickening damper has the problem of low instantaneous rigidity of the structure under low-load impact, and cannot solve the problem of structural vibration control under the condition of high and low load change. Therefore, in order to better meet the vibration control requirements of complex precision machinery in the field of mechanical engineering, development of a novel intelligent material damper for multi-mode broadband vibration control is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-mode damper for a magnetorheological shear thickening fluid, which can not only realize dual field response control of output damping force under the magnetorheological and shear thickening effects, but also have a wider control frequency band range and a larger output damping force, and have good adaptive characteristics and fail-safe performance, compared to the conventional single-mode controlled damper.
The invention provides a multimode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the damping cylinder body is used for containing working media; the magnetism isolating layer is sleeved on the damping cylinder body; the two pistons are oppositely arranged and used for reciprocating in the damping cylinder body, one end of each piston is positioned in the damping cylinder body, and the other end of each piston is positioned outside the damping cylinder body; and the excitation coil is arranged on the piston and positioned in the damping cylinder body and used for generating a magnetic field when the damping cylinder body is electrified, wherein the working medium is high-molecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder, the piston is made of a magnetic conductive material, and one piston synchronously moves under the driving of the other piston.
The invention also provides a multimode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper, which is characterized by further comprising: a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the excitation coil, and the controller energizes the excitation coil when the piston moves more than a predetermined distance relative to the damping cylinder.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the piston comprises a piston rod and a piston ring, the piston rod can reciprocate in the damping cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is located outside the damping cylinder body, the other end of the piston rod is located in the damping cylinder body, and the piston ring is fixed to one end, located in the damping cylinder body, of the piston rod.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the inner diameter of the damper cylinder body is less than or equal to 100mm, and the distance between the piston ring and the inner wall of the damper cylinder body is 1-4 mm.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the piston rod is provided with a wire hole, and an electric wire of the controller penetrates through the wire hole to be connected with the exciting coil.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the one end that the piston rod is located outside the damping cylinder body is installed rings.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the end part of the damping cylinder body comprises an inner end cover and an outer end cover, the inner end cover seals the damping cylinder body, and the outer end cover is arranged outside the inner end cover.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: the inner end cover and the outer end cover are both provided with through holes, and the piston rod penetrates through the through holes to be in clearance fit with the inner end cover and the outer end cover.
The present invention provides a multimode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper, further comprising a displacement sensor, wherein the displacement sensor is configured to measure a predetermined distance.
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the invention can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the macromolecular liquid is prepared by mixing nano-scale silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol, and the carbonyl iron powder is micro-nano-scale.
Action and Effect of the invention
The multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening fluid damper comprises a damping cylinder body, a magnetic isolation layer, two pistons arranged oppositely and an excitation coil arranged on the pistons, wherein a working medium in the damping cylinder body is a high-molecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder, and the pistons are made of a magnetic conductive material. When the exciting coil is electrified, the magnetic field inside the whole damping cylinder body is not leaked due to the existence of the magnetism isolating layer, and the macromolecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder is used as magnetorheological shear thickening liquid. The magnetorheological effect generated by electrifying the exciting coil overcomes the defect that the shear thickening damper has lower viscosity at low speed and cannot generate corresponding damping force to resist impact, and the controllability of the output damping force is stronger. In addition, due to the reciprocating motion of the two oppositely arranged pistons and the shearing effect formed on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, the viscosity of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is increased, and the defect that the instantaneous rigidity of the structure of the common magnetorheological damper is lower under the impact generated by high-speed load is overcome. When the power is not on, the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is instantaneously increased in viscosity to resist impact force when encountering high-speed load impact. In addition, due to the reciprocating motion of the two pistons arranged oppositely and the shearing effect formed on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, the magnetorheological shearing liquid can output variable damping force along with the change of the loaded frequency and amplitude, and the variable damping force acts on the passive structure through the pistons, so that the self-adaptive damping vibration attenuation effect is realized.
In addition, the working medium takes the polymer solution as a matrix, and carbonyl iron powder is immersed in the polymer solution, so that a novel high-viscosity intelligent fluid material with a magnetorheological effect and a shear thickening effect is formed. The fluid material has the advantages of resisting the instantaneous rigidity of the structure under the impact of low-speed load, resisting the instantaneous rigidity of the structure under the impact of high-speed load, reducing the sedimentation of magnetic particles, improving the stability of a medium and having excellent self-adaptive characteristic, and solves the problem of particle sedimentation of the traditional magnetorheological fluid.
The multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid damper combines the magneto-rheological effect and the shear thickening effect, uses magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid as a damper working medium, can realize double control of a magnetic field and a shear rate field, has larger and more controllable output damping force of the damper, makes up the defect of narrower control frequency band of the traditional single control mode damper, has double field response vibration attenuation energy dissipation function and good self-adaptive characteristic under the action of the magnetic field and the rate field, can realize multi-mode control of the output damping force and broadband vibration control effect, has good dynamic performance, fault safety, working stability and wide application range, and is more suitable for vibration control occasions of complex precise machinery in the field of mechanical engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of magnetic lines in an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a liquid flow velocity gradient in an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
100-a multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper; 101-damping cylinder; 102-magnetic isolation layer; 103-left piston; 104-right piston; 105-left hoisting ring; 106-right hanging ring; 107-excitation coil; 11-cylinder body; 12-left inner end cap; 13-left outer end cover; 14-right inner end cap; 15-right outer end cover; 16-a screw; 31-left piston rod; 32-left piston ring; 33-a first O-ring seal; 34-a wire guide hole; 41-right piston rod; 42-right piston ring; 43-second O-ring seal; 200-a working medium; 201-carbonyl iron powder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following describes a multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper of the invention in detail with reference to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings.
In the examples of the present invention, the materials used were generally commercially available materials.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the orientation is the orientation in fig. 1, that is, the up, down, left, and right are the up, down, left, and right in fig. 1.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-mode MR shear-thickening fluid damper 100 comprises a damping cylinder 101, a magnetic isolating layer 102, a left piston 103, a right piston 104, a lifting ring 105, an excitation coil 107, a controller (not shown) and a displacement sensor (not shown).
The damping cylinder 101 is cylindrical as a whole and includes a cylinder body 11, a left inner end cap 12, a left outer end cap 13, a right inner end cap 14, and a right outer end cap 15. The left inner end cap 12 and the left outer end cap 13 constitute one end portion of the damping cylinder 101, and the right inner end cap 14 and the right outer end cap 15 constitute the other end portion of the damping cylinder 101.
The cylinder body 11 is cylindrical, has openings at both ends, has an inner diameter of 100mm or less, is hollow inside, and contains a working medium 200. A left inner end cap 12 and a right inner end cap 14 are sealed at both ends of the cylinder body 11, respectively, a left outer end cap 13 is capped on the left inner end cap 12, and a right outer end cap 15 is capped on the right inner end cap 14.
The working medium 200 is dispersed with a macromolecular liquid of carbonyl iron powder 201, which is a magnetorheological shear thickening liquid. In this embodiment, the working medium 200 uses a polymer liquid made of nano-scale silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol as a matrix, and micro-nano-scale carbonyl iron powder is immersed in the polymer liquid, so as to form a novel high-viscosity intelligent fluid material with a magnetorheological effect and a shear thickening effect. Wherein the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide to the polyethylene glycol is at least 1: 5, the mass ratio of the carbonyl iron powder to the polymer liquid is 2: 4-2: 6.
in practical application, the matrix can be prepared by adopting ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol PEG400 or polyethylene glycol PEG200 and silicon dioxide. Or polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide, polystyrene-ethyl acrylate copolymer microspheres, polystyrene microspheres, iron oxide pigments and the like are adopted.
The magnetism isolating layer 102 is cylindrical, has the same length as the cylinder body 11, and is sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder body 11. The magnetism isolating layer 102 surrounds the cylinder body 11 so that magnetic lines of force are isolated within the cylinder body 11.
The left and right inner end caps 12 and 13 and the right and right outer end caps 14 and 15 are fixedly connected to the cylinder body 11 by screws 16. Circular through holes are formed in the left inner end cover 12, the left outer end cover 13, the right inner end cover 14 and the right outer end cover 15.
The left piston 103 is made of pure iron magnetic conductive material or other magnetic conductive materials, and comprises a cylindrical left piston rod 31 and a circular ring-shaped left piston ring 32. The left piston rod 31 has a cylindrical shape and reciprocates in the cylinder body 11. The left piston rod 31 passes through the left inner end cap 12 and the left outer end cap 13, one end is located outside the cylinder body 11, the other end is located inside the cylinder body 11, and the left piston ring 32 is connected to one end of the left piston rod 31 located inside the cylinder body 11 through thread fastening. The left piston rod 31 is in clearance fit with the left inner end cap 12 and the left outer end cap 13, and is sealed by a first O-ring 33. The left piston rod 31 is further provided with a wire guide hole 34 extending along the length direction thereof.
The right piston 104 is made of pure iron magnetic conductive material or other magnetic conductive material, and includes a cylindrical right piston rod 41 and a circular right piston ring 42. The right piston rod 41 has a cylindrical shape for reciprocating movement in the cylinder body 11. The right piston rod 41 passes through the right inner end cap 14 and the right outer end cap 15, one end is located outside the cylinder body 11, the other end is located inside the cylinder body 11, and the right piston ring 42 is fastened and connected to the end of the right piston rod 41 located inside the cylinder body 11 through threads.
The right piston rod 41 is clearance-fitted with the right inner end cap 14 and the right outer end cap 15, and is sealed by a second O-ring 43.
The ends of the left piston rod 31 and the right piston rod 41 extending out of the cylinder body 11 are fixedly connected with a hanging ring through threads. The end of the left piston rod 31 is connected with a left suspension ring 105, and the end of the right piston rod 41 is connected with a right suspension ring 106. The left hanging ring 105 and the right hanging ring 106 are respectively connected with two ends of the controlled structure.
The controller is pre-stored with a preset distance, electrically connected with the displacement sensor and electrically connected with an external power supply. The displacement sensor is disposed near the left hanging ring 105 and measures the moving distance of the left hanging ring 105. When the left hanging ring 105 moves beyond a preset distance, the controller automatically starts.
The exciting coil 107 is wound around the left piston ring 32. The electric wires of the controller located outside the damping cylinder 101 pass through the wire guide 34 and are electrically connected to the exciting coil 107. The excitation coil 107 is multi-turn, typically with as many turns as possible. In practical applications, excitation coils may be provided for the left and right pistons, and both coils may be energized simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of magnetic field line distribution in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, since the left piston rod 31 and the left piston ring 32 are made of a magnetic conductive material, and the exciting coil 107 is electrically connected to the controller through the conductor 44, when a current is applied to the exciting coil 107, magnetic lines of force generated by an electromagnetic induction phenomenon sequentially pass through the exciting coil 107, the damping cylinder 101, and the left piston ring 32 to form a closed loop, thereby forming a complete magnetic circuit.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow velocity gradient between the cylinder and the piston in an embodiment of the invention.
V' is the relative movement speed between the damping cylinder 101 and the left and right piston rings 32, 42, and the left and right piston rings 32, 42 are shown in FIG. 342 are the same in relative movement speed, δ is the clearance between the damping cylinder 101 and the left and right piston rings 32, 42, τ is shear stress, v'maxIs the maximum flow velocity of the fluid, v'minAlpha is the flow velocity gradient angle for the minimum flow velocity of the fluid. The viscosity of the shear thickening fluid is related to the flow velocity gradient (i.e. the shear rate) which is not only related to the relative movement velocity v 'between the damper cylinder 8 and the left and right pistons 7, 9, but also to the gap δ between the damper cylinder 101 and the left and right piston rings 32, 42, which is defined as the relative movement velocity v' being a derivative of the gap, i.e. the shear rate
Figure BDA0002953740330000091
Therefore, when the moving speeds of the left piston ring 32 and the right piston ring 42 are constant, the gap δ is decreased by n times, the flow velocity gradient (shear rate) is increased by n times, and the damping force of the damper is also rapidly increased within the range of the shear thickening region.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the damping cylinder 101 is less than or equal to 100mm, and the gaps between the left piston ring 32, the right piston ring 42 and the inner wall of the damping cylinder 101 are 1 mm-4 mm, so that the problems that the radial size of the piston ring is too large, the damping output is small, the energy consumption and vibration reduction capacity are insufficient, and the problem that the piston is too small and is easy to block and cannot move are solved.
The process and principle of the multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment for generating the magnetorheological effect are as follows: when the external load, i.e. the controlled structure is excited, the external controller controlling the exciting coil 107 is turned on when the left piston ring moves to the right or to the left by a distance exceeding a preset distance, for example, 10 mm. The controller is disposed outside the damping cylinder 101, and controls the magnitude of the current. The wire is connected with the exciting coil 107 through the wire hole 34 to supply current to the exciting coil 107, and the liquid in the damping cylinder 101 generates the magneto-rheological effect.
The preset 10mm is a movement range which can roughly judge the vibration impact size, when the piston moves very little under the low-speed impact, the working medium is still liquid, the shear thickening effect cannot be generated, and the damping must be enhanced through the magneto-rheological effect.
The damper of the embodiment controls the magnitude of the current in the exciting coil 107 through the external controller to generate different magnetic field strengths, and adjusts the strength of the magnetorheological effect in the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid, thereby controlling the magnitude of the output damping force.
The process and principle of the multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment for generating the shear thickening effect are as follows: when the left piston ring and the right piston ring reciprocate back and forth in the damping cylinder body and move synchronously, a circular liquid channel is formed between the damping cylinder body and the outer surfaces of the left piston ring and the right piston ring, and the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid is driven to flow back and forth in the circular liquid channel so as to form a shear mode between the inner wall of the damper and the outer surfaces of the left piston ring and the right piston ring, so that a shear thickening effect is generated. Along with the increase of the motion rate of the left piston ring and the right piston ring, the viscosity of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is increased, and the output damping force is increased.
The adaptive characteristic process and principle of the multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment are as follows: when no external power supply is available, once the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is impacted by high-speed load, the instantaneous viscosity of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is increased to resist the impact force. When the left hanging ring and the right hanging ring are respectively connected with two ends of the controlled structure, for example, the vibration of the automobile shock absorber along with the controlled structure, the piston rod drives the piston ring to do synchronous reciprocating motion in the cylinder body, so that a shearing mode is formed between the outer surface of the piston ring and the inner side of the damping cylinder body, the magnetorheological shearing liquid can output variable damping force along with the change of the loaded frequency and amplitude, and the variable damping force acts on the driven structure through the piston rod, so that the self-adaptive damping vibration attenuation effect is realized.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment comprises a damping cylinder body, a magnetic isolation layer, two pistons arranged oppositely and an excitation coil arranged on the pistons, wherein a working medium in the damping cylinder body is a high polymer liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder, and the pistons are made of a magnetic conductive material. When the exciting coil is electrified, the magnetic field inside the whole damping cylinder body is not leaked due to the existence of the magnetism isolating layer, and the macromolecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder is used as magnetorheological shear thickening liquid. The magnetorheological effect generated by electrifying the exciting coil overcomes the defect that the shear thickening damper has lower viscosity at low speed and cannot generate corresponding damping force to resist impact, and the controllability of the output damping force is stronger. In addition, due to the reciprocating motion of the two oppositely arranged pistons and the shearing effect formed on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, the viscosity of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is increased, and the defect that the instantaneous rigidity of the structure of the common magnetorheological damper is lower under the impact generated by high-speed load is overcome. When the power is not on, the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid is instantaneously increased in viscosity to resist impact force when encountering high-speed load impact. In addition, due to the reciprocating motion of the two pistons arranged oppositely and the shearing effect formed on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, the magnetorheological shearing liquid can output variable damping force along with the change of the loaded frequency and amplitude, and the variable damping force acts on the passive structure through the pistons, so that the self-adaptive damping vibration attenuation effect is realized.
In addition, the working medium takes a polymer solution as a matrix, and the micro-nano carbonyl iron powder is immersed in the polymer solution, so that a novel high-viscosity intelligent fluid material with a magnetorheological effect and a shear thickening effect is formed. The fluid material has the advantages of resisting the instantaneous rigidity of the structure under the impact of low-speed load, resisting the instantaneous rigidity of the structure under the impact of high-speed load, reducing the sedimentation of magnetic particles, improving the stability of a medium and having excellent self-adaptive characteristic, and solves the problem of particle sedimentation of the traditional magnetorheological fluid.
According to the multimode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment, aiming at the problem that the instantaneous rigidity of the shear thickening fluid damper is lower under the impact of a low-speed load, the external controller is used for regulating and controlling the current of the exciting coil, so that a working medium generates a magnetorheological effect, and the impact generated under the low-speed load is effectively resisted; meanwhile, the magnetic isolation plate outside the damper cylinder body effectively prevents the leakage of a magnetic field inside the cylinder body, and simultaneously, aiming at the problem that the transient rigidity of the structure of the traditional magnetorheological damper is small under the impact of a high-speed load, the left piston and the right piston can synchronously move, so that a working medium generates a strong shear thickening effect, and the impact effect of the high-speed load can be effectively resisted; meanwhile, aiming at the sedimentation problem of the magnetorheological fluid, the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid has higher viscosity, can effectively reduce the sedimentation of magnetic particles and improve the stability of a working medium; meanwhile, when an external power supply is not electrified, the left piston and the right piston move simultaneously, and due to the rate-dependent field response characteristic of the shear thickening fluid, the shear thickening fluid has the passive characteristic and the self-adaptive variable damping characteristic, and the failure safety of the damper can be improved.
According to the multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment, when the moving distance of the left piston ring exceeds the preset distance, the external controller is started, the exciting coil is electrified, and the fluid in the damping cylinder body generates a magnetorheological effect, so that the shear thickening damper can generate a corresponding damping force at a low speed due to low viscosity. In addition, the controller controls the magnitude of the current, and when the piston moves at a high speed after the exciting coil is electrified, the controller increases the current and enhances the magneto-rheological effect so as to achieve the effect of increasing the damping force. When the vibration of the external structure is weak, a small current is needed, and the controller reduces the current so as to reduce the magneto-rheological effect and achieve the effect of reducing the damping force.
The multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening fluid damper provided by the embodiment combines the magneto-rheological effect and the shear thickening effect, uses magneto-rheological shear thickening fluid as a damper working medium, can realize double control of a magnetic field and a shear rate field, has larger and more controllable output damping force, makes up the defect of narrower control frequency band of the traditional single control mode damper, has the double field response vibration attenuation energy dissipation function and good self-adaptive characteristic under the action of the magnetic field and the rate field, can realize multi-mode control of the output damping force and the broadband vibration control effect, has good dynamic performance, fault safety, working stability and wide application range, and is more suitable for the vibration control occasion of complex precision machinery in the field of mechanical engineering.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickening fluid damper comprising:
the damping cylinder body is used for containing working media;
the magnetism isolating layer is sleeved on the damping cylinder body;
the two pistons are oppositely arranged and used for reciprocating in the damping cylinder body, one end of each piston is positioned in the damping cylinder body, and the other end of each piston is positioned outside the damping cylinder body; and
an excitation coil disposed on the piston and within the damping cylinder for generating a magnetic field when energized,
the working medium is high-molecular liquid dispersed with carbonyl iron powder, the pistons are made of magnetic conductive materials, and one piston moves synchronously under the drive of the other piston.
2. The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 1, further comprising:
a controller for controlling the operation of the electronic device,
wherein the controller is electrically connected to the excitation coil, the controller energizing the excitation coil when the piston moves more than a predetermined distance relative to the damping cylinder.
3. The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 1, wherein:
the piston comprises a piston rod and a piston ring, the piston rod is used for reciprocating in the damping cylinder body, one end of the piston rod is located outside the damping cylinder body, the other end of the piston rod is located in the damping cylinder body, and the piston ring is fixed to one end, located in the damping cylinder body, of the piston rod.
4. The multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 3, wherein:
the inner diameter of the damper cylinder body is smaller than or equal to 100mm, and the distance between the piston ring and the inner wall of the damper cylinder body is 1-4 mm.
5. The multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 3, wherein:
the piston rod is provided with a wire guide hole, and an electric wire of the controller penetrates through the wire guide hole to be connected with the exciting coil.
6. The multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 3, wherein:
and a lifting ring is arranged at one end of the piston rod, which is positioned outside the damping cylinder body.
7. The multi-modal magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 3, wherein:
wherein the damping cylinder has two end portions, each of the end portions including an inner end cap and an outer end cap,
the inner end cover seals the damping cylinder body, and the outer end cover is arranged on the inner end cover.
8. The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 7, wherein:
the inner end cover and the outer end cover are both provided with through holes, and the piston rod penetrates through the through holes to be in clearance fit with the inner end cover and the outer end cover.
9. The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 8, further comprising:
a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the movable body,
wherein the displacement sensor is configured to measure the predetermined distance.
10. The multi-mode magnetorheological shear thickener damper of claim 1, wherein:
wherein the polymer liquid is prepared by mixing nano-scale silicon dioxide and polyethylene glycol, and the carbonyl iron powder is micro-nano-scale.
CN202110219050.9A 2021-02-26 2021-02-26 Multi-mode magneto-rheological shear thickening liquid damper Pending CN113027974A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210625