CN113003032A - Method and device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage - Google Patents
Method and device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN113003032A CN113003032A CN201911332007.2A CN201911332007A CN113003032A CN 113003032 A CN113003032 A CN 113003032A CN 201911332007 A CN201911332007 A CN 201911332007A CN 113003032 A CN113003032 A CN 113003032A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage. The invention can realize classification of all garbage categories from the source, does not need a camera, has high identification accuracy, can perform real-time garbage classification without networking, and has high reliability and safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage, belonging to the technical field of garbage classification.
Background
In daily life, a lot of garbage is thrown away every day, in some areas with better garbage management, most of the garbage can be subjected to harmless treatment such as sanitary landfill, incineration, compost and the like, and garbage in more places is often simply stacked or buried, so that the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution are caused. With the enhancement of energy conservation and environmental protection consciousness, garbage classification is one of the problems which need to be solved urgently in the current society.
Since different countries and regions have different garbage classification standards, for example, garbage in our country is mainly classified into kitchen garbage (wet garbage), other garbage (dry garbage), recyclable garbage and harmful garbage; germany is generally classified into paper, glass, metal, plastic, and the like; australia is generally divided into compostable waste, recyclable waste and non-recyclable waste; japan generally divides into plastic bottles, recyclable plastics, other plastics, resource waste, large-sized waste, combustible waste, incombustible waste, harmful waste, and the like; moreover, the variety of each type of garbage is various. Therefore, how to accurately realize the intelligent garbage classification has a plurality of difficulties.
In addition, years of domestic and foreign practices prove that garbage classification must be started from the source to effectively reduce the difficulty and cost of post-treatment, thereby really realizing the purposes of changing waste into valuable and reducing pollution. However, at present, no technology capable of really realizing intelligent classification of source garbage exists, most of the existing technologies are visual image processing technologies, and the following defects exist:
1) the image recognition algorithm is various, the recognition efficiency is low, the database is huge, cloud computing is needed to be adopted to be connected with a background server in real time for use, and therefore once a network breaking fault or network attack occurs, real-time recognition work cannot be carried out;
2) the identification of the target object is limited by image processing software, and the result of image processing is influenced by factors such as environment, equipment and the like, so that the garbage classification has errors and the classification accuracy is low;
therefore, the classification technology of garbage at various sources, which has high accuracy, is easy to realize, is safe and reliable and is fully intelligent, cannot be realized so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage comprises the steps of firstly collecting infrared spectrum data of the source garbage through an infrared spectrometer, then comparing and identifying the infrared spectrum data with a mapping database of infrared spectrum characteristic peak data according to substances prestored in the single chip microcomputer to obtain the substance type of the identified garbage, and then classifying the garbage according to a mapping table of the substances prestored in the single chip microcomputer and garbage classification.
According to a preferable scheme, the infrared spectrometer is a near-infrared spectrometer capable of acquiring absorption or reflection spectrum data of near-infrared light with the wavelength within the range of 780-2500 nm.
In a preferred scheme, a mapping database of the materials and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data prestored in the single chip microcomputer can be updated.
According to a preferable scheme, the mapping table of the materials and the garbage classification prestored in the single chip microcomputer can be adjusted according to the country/region where the garbage classification is located.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following specific steps:
a) opening a garbage inlet electric control door under the control of a single chip microcomputer, allowing source garbage to enter a garbage identification bin from the garbage inlet electric control door, and closing the garbage inlet electric control door under the control of the single chip microcomputer;
b) the garbage entering the garbage identification bin is conveyed to the position near the infrared spectrometer, and the infrared spectrometer collects infrared spectrum data of the garbage and transmits the infrared spectrum data to the single chip microcomputer;
c) the single chip microcomputer compares and identifies the received infrared spectrum data with a mapping database of pre-stored substances and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data in the single chip microcomputer to obtain the substance types of the identified garbage, and then performs garbage classification on the identified garbage substances according to a mapping table of pre-stored substances and garbage classification in the single chip microcomputer;
d) the single chip microcomputer judges whether the garbage substances identified in the step c) belong to a single garbage category, if not, a garbage inlet electric control door is opened to prompt a user to check and throw again and finish garbage classification, and the garbage classification is restarted until the user corrects garbage throwing errors; if the judgment result is yes, executing the step e);
e) opening the garbage recognition bin, and closing the garbage recognition bin after the garbage leaves the garbage recognition bin;
f) the garbage is conveyed to the classification box corresponding to the garbage category through the garbage electric moving mechanism, and the inlet of the classification box is opened to enable the garbage to fall into the corresponding garbage classification box, so that the intelligent classification of the garbage is completed.
A preferable scheme, further comprising a step g), the specific operations are as follows: and c, judging whether residual garbage exists in the garbage identification bin or not by the single chip microcomputer, if so, sending the residual garbage to the vicinity of the infrared spectrometer, and repeatedly executing the steps b) to f) to finish intelligent classification of the residual garbage.
According to a preferable scheme, an LED indicating lamp is arranged at the position of the electric control door of the garbage inlet.
The utility model provides a preferred scheme is equipped with the material platform that connects that the downward sloping set up in rubbish discernment storehouse, connect the material platform to locate the electric skateboard of buffer board low side by the buffer board with rotating and constitute, infrared spectrum appearance is installed near electric skateboard, after rubbish falls into and connects the material platform, can slide to electric skateboard department along the buffer board under the action of gravity to be sent near infrared spectrum appearance.
Further preferred scheme is equipped with transparent baffle between infrared spectrometer and the electric skateboard end, and electric skateboard end and transparent baffle's front looks butt, infrared spectrometer set up the back at transparent baffle.
Further preferred scheme, still be equipped with the clean mechanism that is used for clean transparent baffle in rubbish discernment storehouse.
Further preferred scheme is equipped with the electronic smooth shovel that can follow the extending direction straight reciprocating motion who connects the material platform at the high-end of connecing the material platform, clean mechanism sets up on electronic smooth shovel, can be with the rubbish propelling movement to the electronic slide department that falls on the buffer board through electronic smooth shovel to through the removal of electronic smooth shovel, can drive clean mechanism and touch transparent baffle, in order to realize the cleanness to transparent baffle, avoid influencing the collection of infrared spectrometer.
In a further preferred scheme, the electric sliding plate can rotate downwards under the control of the single chip microcomputer to open the garbage recognition bin so that recognized garbage falls off the garbage recognition bin, and can rotate upwards under the control of the single chip microcomputer to reset so as to close the garbage recognition bin.
According to a preferred scheme, the infrared spectrometer can realize position electric movement, so that infrared spectrum data of nearby garbage can be collected comprehensively.
A device for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage comprises a garbage identification bin, an infrared spectrometer and a single chip microcomputer, the infrared spectrometer is arranged in the garbage recognition bin and is in signal connection with the single chip microcomputer, the top of the garbage recognition bin is provided with a garbage inlet electric control door, a material receiving platform which is inclined downwards is arranged below the garbage inlet electric control door, the material receiving platform consists of a buffer plate and an electric sliding plate which is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the buffer plate, the infrared spectrometer is positioned near the electric sliding plate, a plurality of sorting boxes are arranged under the garbage identifying bin, a sorting box electric control door is arranged at the top of each sorting box and below the electric sliding plate, the top of the classification box electric control door is provided with a garbage electric moving mechanism, and the garbage inlet electric control door, the electric sliding plate, the classification box electric control door and the garbage electric moving mechanism are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
According to the embodiment, an electric shaft is transversely arranged at the joint of the electric sliding plate and the buffer plate, the electric sliding plate is rotatably connected with the buffer plate through the electric shaft, and the electric shaft is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
According to the embodiment, an LED indicating lamp is arranged at the position of the electric control door of the garbage inlet, and a switch of the LED indicating lamp is electrically connected with a single chip microcomputer.
According to one embodiment, a transparent baffle is arranged between the infrared spectrometer and the tail end of the electric sliding plate, the tail end of the electric sliding plate is abutted against the front face of the transparent baffle, and the infrared spectrometer is arranged on the back face of the transparent baffle.
In a preferred embodiment, the transparent baffle is a quartz glass plate.
According to the embodiment, the high end of the material receiving platform is provided with the electric sliding shovel which can linearly reciprocate along the extending direction of the material receiving platform, and the electric sliding shovel is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer.
According to a preferable scheme, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the transparent baffle is further arranged in the garbage identification bin, and the cleaning mechanism is a nano wiper arranged on the electric sliding shovel.
In one embodiment, the number and size of the sorting bins is adjustable.
The utility model provides an embodiment, the device includes open-top's box, the box internalization is equipped with the categorised baffle of a plurality of vertical directions, categorised baffle divide into a plurality of classification casees with the box, the top of categorised baffle is located to classification case automatically controlled door level, electric slide bar is worn to be equipped with in the bottom of categorised baffle, electric slide bar is connected with the monolithic is electromechanical.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a housing, the garbage recognition bin is located in an upper area of the electric control door of the sorting bin, and the sorting bin is located in a lower area of the electric control door of the sorting bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention can realize classification of all garbage categories from the source, does not need a camera, only collects infrared spectrum data of source garbage to be classified through an infrared spectrometer, and can identify the garbage material types by utilizing the infrared spectrum characteristic peak data of the material, thereby realizing accurate classification of the garbage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exemplary graph of infrared absorption spectra of bread classified as belonging to the class of kitchen waste;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary graph of the infrared absorption spectrum of a plastic shampoo bottle classified as a recyclable waste category;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary graph of infrared absorption spectra of napkins classified in other waste categories;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of an infrared absorption spectrum of a western medicine capsule belonging to a category of harmful garbage;
fig. 5 is a perspective view of a device for intelligently classifying source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front perspective view of a garbage recognition bin portion of the apparatus for intelligently classifying source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for implementing intelligent classification of source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a first usage state diagram of the apparatus (with the housing removed) for intelligently classifying source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a second usage state diagram of the apparatus (with the housing removed) for intelligently classifying source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a third usage state diagram of the apparatus (with the housing removed) for intelligently classifying source garbage according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an example of setting the size of a sort bin by usage scenario according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
the numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. a garbage identification bin; 2. an infrared spectrometer; 3. a single chip microcomputer; 4. a garbage inlet electric control door; 5. A material receiving platform; 51. a buffer plate; 52. an electric skateboard; 6. a classification box; 7. an electric control door of the sorting box; 8. an electric garbage moving mechanism; 9. garbage; 10. an electric shaft; 11. a transparent baffle; 12. an electric sliding shovel; 13. a cleaning mechanism; 14. a classification partition plate; 15. a housing; 16. an electric slide bar A; 17. an electric slide bar B; 18. an electric slide bar C; 19. an electric slide bar D; 20. an electric slide bar E; 21. an electric slide bar F; 22. and fixing the cover plate.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further fully explained in detail by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage, which comprises the steps of firstly collecting infrared spectrum data of the source garbage entering a garbage recognition bin through an infrared spectrometer, then comparing and recognizing the infrared spectrum data with a mapping database of infrared spectrum characteristic peak data according to substances prestored in the single chip microcomputer to obtain the substance types of the recognized garbage, and then classifying the garbage according to a mapping table of the substances prestored in the single chip microcomputer and garbage classification.
Because each substance has an absorption characteristic peak (as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 4) in an infrared light range, the infrared spectrum data of each source head rubbish is collected by using an infrared spectrometer, the substance type of the rubbish is identified by comparing the substance with a mapping database of the infrared spectrum characteristic peak data, and the rubbish is identified by using the essential characteristics of the substance, so that the interference of factors such as color, shape, size and the like can be effectively eliminated, and the accuracy of rubbish identification is very high. Moreover, infrared spectrum characteristic peak data required by garbage identification only has one dimension, and visual image identification requires characteristic data of multiple dimensions (including color, shape, size and the like), so that the method provided by the invention has the advantages that when a mapping database of materials and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data is constructed, the data volume required to be acquired is remarkably reduced, the identification efficiency can be greatly improved, the data storage memory of the required single chip microcomputer is small, the miniaturization and network disconnection of the single chip microcomputer are favorably realized, and the reliability and the safety of source garbage classification are remarkably improved.
In addition, in the process of garbage classification by adopting near infrared spectrum, even if an object is identified with errors, the garbage can still be classified accurately, because most of the garbage of the same category has similar infrared characteristic peak data. For example, even if the apple peel is identified to be the pear peel, the apple peel can still be accurately classified into kitchen garbage, so that the difficulty of identifying the type of the substance to which the garbage belongs by the single chip microcomputer is obviously reduced, and the accuracy of final classification can be stably improved along with the accumulation of data. Meanwhile, the requirement on the resolution ratio of the infrared spectrometer is reduced, and a space for improving the cost performance of the infrared spectrometer is reserved from a commercial angle.
By adopting the method, all the garbage can be identified, but not partial garbage of different types, and the supplementary identification can be carried out by other methods such as machine vision without adding a camera.
The infrared spectrometer is preferably a near-infrared spectrometer capable of acquiring absorption or reflection spectrum data of near-infrared light with the wavelength in the range of 780-2500 nm. Furthermore, the infrared spectrometer of the invention is preferably a general interference spectrometer with the resolution of 1nm or less and the wavelength range of 780-2500 nm. Since infrared spectrometers with lower resolution (e.g., 1-10nm) require more spectral data to be collected to train the machine, more accurate mapping databases of material and infrared spectral signature peak data can be constructed, for example: the spectra of the napkin and the printed paper are slightly different, but belong to two different categories of other (dry) garbage and recyclable matters, so that the error of the infrared spectrum data acquired by the infrared spectrometer with lower resolution can influence the discrimination.
In the invention, the mapping database of the pre-stored substance and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data in the single chip microcomputer can be updated. The mapping database of the substance and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data can be obtained by learning, training and accumulating by a computer by adopting the conventional open source algorithm model; in addition, the singlechip suggested in the invention adopts a general singlechip which has a large memory and supports MicroPython language, such as PyBoard. The single chip microcomputer should be provided with a MicroSD flash memory card slot interface so as to increase external storage.
The mapping table of the materials and the garbage classification pre-stored in the single chip microcomputer can be adjusted according to the country/region where the garbage classification is located. The user can adjust the setting of the garbage classification standard through the user interface. The user interface can be a screen client of the classification device used in garbage classification, and can also be a mobile phone application connected with the classification device through Bluetooth.
In the actual garbage classification, a plurality of devices can be used to implement the method for intelligently classifying garbage described in this embodiment, and the following only describes a typical example of a device for implementing the method.
Example 2
Please refer to fig. 5 to 11, this embodiment provides a device for intelligently classifying source garbage, which includes a garbage recognition bin 1, an infrared spectrometer 2 and a single chip microcomputer 3, wherein the infrared spectrometer 2 is in signal connection with the single chip microcomputer 3, the garbage recognition bin 1 is provided with a garbage inlet electric control door 4, a material receiving platform 5 inclined downwards is arranged below the garbage inlet electric control door 4, the material receiving platform 5 is composed of a buffer board 51 and an electric sliding board 52 arranged at the end of the buffer board 51, the infrared spectrometer 2 is located near the electric sliding board 52, a plurality of classification bins 6 are arranged under the garbage recognition bin 1, a classification bin electric control door 7 is arranged at the top of each classification bin 6, an electric garbage moving mechanism 8 is movably arranged at the top of each classification bin electric control door 7, the classification bin electric control door 7 is located below the electric sliding board 52, and the garbage inlet electric control door 4 and the single chip microcomputer 3, The electric sliding plate 52, the sorting box electric control door 7 and the garbage electric moving mechanism 8 are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 3.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7 again, the single chip microcomputer 3 is disposed in the garbage recognition bin 1.
In this embodiment, the electric slide plate 52 corresponds to the door of the trash recognition bin 1, and rotating the electric slide plate 52 downward corresponds to opening the door of the trash recognition bin 1, and then rotating the electric slide plate 52 upward to return the position, which corresponds to closing the door of the trash recognition bin 1.
After rubbish got into rubbish discernment storehouse 1, fall on the buffer board 51 that connects material platform 5 earlier, then slide to electric slide plate 52 from buffer board 51, in this embodiment, buffer board 51 is the rubber backing plate, has better elasticity, can play the cushioning effect to falling into rubbish 9 on its surface, and electric slide plate 52 is the backing plate that teflon backing plate or surface were the teflon material, and coefficient of friction is low, and is smooth, and the rubbish of being convenient for further glides.
In this embodiment, an electric shaft 10 is transversely arranged at a joint of the electric sliding plate 52 and the buffer plate 51, the electric sliding plate 52 is rotatably connected with the buffer plate 51 through the electric shaft 10, the electric shaft 10 is driven by a motor, and the motor is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 3.
The electric garbage moving mechanism 8 may be a conventional moving mechanism, such as a robot or the like. In this embodiment, the electric garbage moving mechanism 8 is an electric sliding plate symmetrically disposed at two ends of the top of the electric control door 7 of the sorting bin, specifically, the electric sliding plate can be made of teflon or a triangular electric sliding plate with a teflon surface, and fig. 8 to 10 are combined to show the electric sliding plate, when the electric sliding plate is used, garbage 9 falls down from the electric sliding plate 52 and falls into the top of the electric control door 7 of the sorting bin, the triangular electric sliding plate is moved to clamp the garbage 9, then the electric sliding plate is moved to a position corresponding to the sorting bin 6, and then the electric control door 7 of the sorting bin is moved to enable the garbage 9 to fall into the corresponding sorting bin 6.
When the device is used for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) the single chip microcomputer 3 is used for controlling to open the garbage inlet electric control door 4, garbage 9 to be classified enters the garbage recognition bin 1 from the garbage inlet electric control door 4, and the single chip microcomputer 3 controls to close the garbage inlet electric control door 4 after the garbage 9 enters the garbage recognition bin 1;
b) the garbage 9 entering the garbage identification bin 1 is sent to the vicinity of the infrared spectrometer 2; specifically, the garbage 9 enters the garbage recognition bin 1, falls on the surface of a material receiving platform 5 which is arranged in the garbage recognition bin 1 and inclines downwards, and slides to the electric sliding plate 52 from the buffer plate 51 along the material receiving platform 5 under the action of gravity, so as to be sent to the vicinity of the infrared spectrometer 2;
c) collecting infrared spectrum data of garbage 9 to be classified in the garbage recognition bin 1 through an infrared spectrometer 2, and transmitting the collected infrared spectrum data to a single chip microcomputer 3; the infrared spectrometer 2 can move in position during data acquisition, and can acquire infrared spectrum data of different parts of nearby garbage at different positions;
d) the single chip microcomputer 3 compares and identifies the received infrared spectrum data with a mapping database of pre-stored substances and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data in the single chip microcomputer to obtain the substance types of the identified garbage, and then performs garbage classification on the identified garbage substances according to a mapping table of pre-stored substances and garbage classification in the single chip microcomputer;
e) the single chip microcomputer 3 judges whether the garbage identified in the step d) belongs to a single garbage category, if not, the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is opened to prompt a user to check and throw again and finish garbage classification, and the garbage classification is restarted until the user corrects a garbage throwing error; if the judgment result is yes, executing the step f);
f) opening the garbage recognition bin 1, enabling the garbage 9 to leave the garbage recognition bin 1, and closing the garbage recognition bin 1; specifically, the single chip microcomputer 3 controls the electric sliding plate 52 to rotate downwards relative to the buffer plate 51, the garbage identification bin 1 is opened, the garbage on the surface of the electric sliding plate 52 leaves the electric sliding plate 52 under the action of gravity, so that the garbage leaves the garbage identification bin 1, and after the garbage leaves the garbage identification bin 1, the single chip microcomputer 3 controls the electric sliding plate 52 to rotate upwards to reset, and the garbage identification bin 1 is closed;
g) the electric garbage moving mechanism 8 sends the garbage to the corresponding sorting box 6 according to the judgment result of the single chip microcomputer 3, and then opens the electric control door 7 of the sorting box to enable the garbage to fall into the corresponding sorting box 6, so that the intelligent sorting of the garbage is completed.
As a preferable scheme:
in this embodiment, an LED indicator (not shown) is disposed at the garbage inlet electric control door 4, and a switch of the LED indicator is electrically connected to the single chip microcomputer 3. In this way, the user can be prompted to check and open the electrically controlled door 4 for the garbage inlet by the blinking of the LED indicating lamp.
In this embodiment, a transparent baffle 11 is vertically disposed between the material receiving platform 5 and the infrared spectrometer 2. The transparent baffle 11 is preferably a quartz glass plate. In the classification process, if the infrared spectrometer 2 is polluted or collided, the infrared spectrometer 2 cannot be accurately identified, the transparent baffle plate 11 arranged on the infrared spectrometer 2 can protect the infrared spectrometer 2, and the quartz glass is transparent to near-infrared light, so that the collection of spectral data by the infrared spectrometer 2 cannot be influenced.
In this embodiment, the high end of the material receiving platform 5 is provided with an electric sliding shovel 12 capable of linearly reciprocating along the extending direction of the material receiving platform 5, and the electric sliding shovel 12 is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 3. Electric sliding shovel 12 is the smooth shovel of teflon or the smooth shovel of surface material for teflon, if connect to have remaining rubbish on the buffer board 51 in the material platform 5, can push away remaining rubbish to electric sliding plate 52 department through electric sliding shovel 12, make remaining rubbish be close to infrared spectrometer 2 to can further discern and classify remaining rubbish. The electric sliding shovel 12 can be set to a triangular column structure so as to push the residual garbage on the material receiving platform 5.
In this embodiment, the material receiving platform 5 is provided with a cleaning mechanism 13 capable of linearly reciprocating along the extending direction of the material receiving platform 5. Specifically, the cleaning mechanism 13 is a nano wiper, and the nano wiper is arranged on the electric shovel 12. The nano wiper may be configured in a semi-cylindrical shape to facilitate attachment to the electric spatula 12. When the device is used, the cleaning mechanism 13 (nano wiper) can slide down along with the electric sliding shovel 12 to clean the transparent baffle 11, so that residual stains are prevented from interfering with collection of spectral data.
The number and size of the sorting bins 6 can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the device includes open-top's box, the activity is equipped with a plurality of vertical direction's classification baffle 14 in the box, classification baffle 14 divides the box into a plurality of classification casees 6, classification case electrically controlled door 7 level is located the top of classification baffle 14.
In this embodiment, the device includes casing 15, and rubbish discernment storehouse 1 is in the region above the automatically controlled door 7 of classification case in the casing, and classification case 6 is in the region below the automatically controlled door 7 of classification case. The components in the whole device are gathered together by the arrangement of the shell 15.
In the embodiment, an electric slide bar A16 is arranged at the inner side part of the garbage recognition bin 1, and the infrared spectrometer 2 is connected with the electric slide bar A16 in a sliding manner and can do linear reciprocating motion along the electric slide bar A16; an electric slide bar B17 is arranged at the inner top of the garbage recognition bin 1, and the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is connected with an electric slide bar B17 in a sliding way and can do linear reciprocating motion along the electric slide bar B17 so as to open or close the garbage inlet of the garbage recognition bin 1; an electric slide bar C18 is arranged on the receiving platform 5 along the extension direction of the receiving platform, and the electric slide shovel 12 is connected with an electric slide bar C18 in a sliding manner, can do linear reciprocating motion along the electric slide bar C18 and further can do linear motion along the receiving platform 5; an electric slide bar D19 is horizontally arranged at the top inlet of the classification box 6, and the classification box electric control door 7 is connected with the electric slide bar D19 in a sliding manner and can horizontally move back and forth along the electric slide bar D19 so as to open the garbage inlet corresponding to the classification box 6; an electric slide bar E20 is arranged at the top of the electric control door 7 of the sorting box, and the electric garbage moving mechanism 8 is connected with the electric slide bar E20 in a sliding way and can do linear reciprocating movement along the electric slide bar E20 so as to realize the movement of garbage; electric slide bars F21 are arranged on two side walls of the sorting box 6, and the sorting partition plate 14 is connected with the electric slide bars F21 in a sliding manner and can do linear reciprocating movement along the electric slide bars F21 so as to adjust the size of the sorting box 6. All the electric slide bars are electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer 3, and the single chip microcomputer 3 is electrically connected with the garbage inlet electric control door 4, the classification partition plate 14 (equivalent to the classification box 6), the classification box electric control door 7, the garbage electric moving mechanism 8 and the like through the corresponding electric slide bars.
In addition, in the embodiment, a fixed cover plate 22 is horizontally arranged on the top of the sorting box 6 and the side part of the electric control door 7 of the sorting box.
In this embodiment, taking the above apparatus as an example, the detailed operation flow for implementing intelligent garbage classification is as follows:
before garbage classification, a user can set the classification box 6 through a user interface (not shown) according to actual use requirements, wherein the user interface can be a screen client of the device or a mobile phone application connected with the device through Bluetooth. The user setup process P1 is illustrated in sub-steps as follows:
P1-S1, the single chip microcomputer 3 sends an instruction to close and lock the garbage inlet electric control door 4;
P1-S2, user selects "country/region and language" from menu of user interface;
P1-S3, user interface display user selected country/area and language, the single-chip computer 3 looks for the corresponding rubbish classification mapping table of the country/area immediately, this table is the prestored data, can download and upgrade when users network;
the P1-S4 and the single chip microcomputer 3 search a scene-classification box mapping table suitable for the country/region for the user to select in the next step P1-S61, the table is pre-stored data, and the user can download and update the data when networking;
P1-S5, the single chip microcomputer 3 judges whether the number of categories in the mapping table of the material and garbage classification is different from the number of categories set by the device; P1-S61 is executed without difference, and P1-S62 is executed if yes;
P1-S61, user selects "usage scenario" in menu;
the P1-S62 and the single chip microcomputer 3 prompt a user to increase or decrease the classification partition plate 14 through a user interface, and before the user finishes installing the partition plate 14, the locking state of the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is maintained;
P1-S7, the single chip microcomputer 3 determines the size of each classification box 6 according to the scene-classification box mapping table and the use scene selected by the user, for example, referring to fig. 11, if the shanghai user selects an "office" scene, the sizes of the four classification boxes 6 are respectively medium (M), large (L), and small (S);
the P1-S8 and the single chip microcomputer 3 send out instructions to drive the classification partition plates 14 to translate to a specified position along the electric slide bar F21, so that the size of each classification box 6 conforms to the size determined by the P1-S7;
P1-S9 and the single chip microcomputer 3 randomly unlock the garbage inlet electric control door 4.
After the setting is finished, entering a garbage classification process formally, and explaining the garbage classification process P2 in the following steps:
P2-S1, a user sends a request for opening the electric control door 4 of the garbage inlet to the single chip microcomputer 3 through the induction of a button or a motion sensor, and when the electric control door 4 of the garbage inlet is in an unlocking state, the single chip microcomputer 3 sends an instruction for opening the electric control door 4 of the garbage inlet;
the P2-S2 and the singlechip 3 send out an instruction to start the infrared spectrometer 2;
P2-S3, at the same time, the garbage enters the garbage identification bin 1 from the garbage inlet electric control door 4 and falls on the surface of the buffer plate 51;
P2-S4, after the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is opened for a period of time t, an LED indicator lamp at the garbage inlet electric control door 4 flickers for n seconds, then the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is automatically closed, parameters t and n can be automatically set, the values of t and n are reduced within a reasonable range as far as possible, so that various types of garbage entering at one time are prevented from being mixed, after the garbage inlet electric control door 4 is closed, the single chip microcomputer 3 locks the garbage inlet electric control door 4, and the LED indicator lamp is changed from green when the garbage inlet electric control door is unlocked to red when the garbage inlet electric control door is locked;
the slope of the buffer plate 51 from P2 to S5 downwards enables garbage with larger mass to slide to the electric sliding plate 52 along the surface of the buffer plate 51 under the action of gravity and to be close to the infrared spectrometer 2;
the P2-S6 and the singlechip 3 send out instructions to enable the infrared spectrometer 2 to translate along the electric slide bar A16 and collect infrared spectrum data of different parts of nearby garbage at a plurality of different positions;
P2-S7, the single chip microcomputer 3 receives infrared spectrum data from the infrared spectrometer 2 according to a communication protocol specified by control software;
the P2-S8 and the single chip microcomputer 3 are compared and identified by using a built-in material and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data mapping database to obtain the material types of the identified garbage, and then the garbage classification is determined according to a pre-stored material and garbage classification mapping table;
P2-S9, the single chip microcomputer 3 judges whether the garbage category determined by the P2-S8 is a single category, if yes, P2-S101 is executed, and if not (including multiple categories or liquid containing), P2-S102 is executed;
the P2-S101 and the singlechip 3 send out an instruction to drive the electric sliding plate 52 to rotate downwards around the electric shaft 10, open the garbage recognition bin 1 and execute the P2-S11 in the next step;
the P2-S102 and the singlechip 3 prompt a user to check through a user interface, send an instruction to enable an LED indicator lamp on the garbage inlet electric control door 4 to flash, and execute the P2-S12 next step;
the P2-S12 and the singlechip 3 send out instructions to unlock and open the garbage inlet electric control door 4, the LED indicator lamp keeps flickering, and the sorting control process is restarted by a button after being corrected by a user, which is similar to the operation when the automatic deposit machine cannot identify paper money, and the situation can be avoided or reduced if the user basically throws one object at a time;
P2-S11, the garbage on the surface of the electric sliding plate 52 falls to the surface of the electric control door 7 of the sorting box under the action of gravity;
the P2-S13 and the single chip microcomputer 3 send out instructions to drive the electric sliding plate 52 to rotate upwards around the electric shaft 10, the garbage recognition bin 1 is closed, and two threads of P2-S141 and P2-S142 are executed simultaneously in the next step;
the P2-S141 and the singlechip 3 send out an instruction according to the garbage classification determined by the P2-S8, and drive the garbage electric moving mechanism 8 to translate to the position above the classification partition plate 14 corresponding to the classification (namely, the position above the corresponding classification box 6) along the electric slide rod E20;
the P2-S15 and the single chip microcomputer 3 send out instructions to drive the electric control door 7 of the classification box to move forwards along the electric slide bar D19;
P2-S16, the garbage falls into the corresponding classification box 6 below under the action of gravity;
P2-S142, the singlechip 3 judges whether the electric sliding shovel 12 is at the initial position, if so, P2-S171 is executed, otherwise, P2-S172 is executed;
the P2-S171 and the singlechip 3 send out an instruction to drive the electric sliding shovel 12 to slide downwards along the electric sliding rod C18 until the electric sliding shovel is close to the infrared spectrometer 2;
P2-S18, residual garbage possibly remaining on the surface of the buffer plate 51 slides to the surface of the electric sliding plate 52 under the pushing of the electric sliding shovel 12 and is close to the infrared spectrometer 2; then, under the instruction of the singlechip 3, executing P2-S6-P2-S142 again;
at this time, the garbage classification work is basically finished, and then the transparent baffle 11 in front of the infrared spectrometer 2 needs to be cleaned so as to prevent residual stains from interfering the collection of spectral data;
the P2-S172 and the singlechip 3 send out an instruction to drive the electric sliding shovel 12 to continuously slide downwards along the electric sliding plate 52 along the electric sliding rod C18 until the cleaning mechanism 13 touches the transparent baffle 11;
the P2-S19 and the single chip microcomputer 3 send out instructions to drive the electric sliding plate 52 to rotate up and down around the electric shaft 10 for a plurality of times so that the cleaning mechanism 13 can wipe the transparent baffle 11, and then the electric sliding plate 52 is reset to close the garbage recognition bin 1;
P2-S20, finally, the single chip microcomputer 3 sends out an instruction to unlock the garbage inlet electric control door 4, the sorting device is ready again, the user can throw in the garbage again, and the garbage can be automatically sorted continuously by repeating the steps.
In the whole garbage classification process, the automatic operation of each component is realized through the single chip microcomputer 3, so that the garbage classification can be completely automated, and the whole classification process is generally carried out in 10-30 seconds, quickly and conveniently.
It is finally necessary to point out here: the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly collecting infrared spectrum data of source garbage through an infrared spectrometer, then comparing and identifying the infrared spectrum data by a single chip microcomputer according to a mapping database of materials and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data prestored in the single chip microcomputer to obtain material types of the identified garbage, and then classifying the garbage by the single chip microcomputer according to a mapping table of the materials and the garbage classification prestored in the single chip microcomputer.
2. The method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the infrared spectrometer is a near-infrared spectrometer capable of acquiring absorption or reflection spectrum data of near-infrared light with the wavelength within the range of 780-2500 nm.
3. The method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mapping database of the materials and the infrared spectrum characteristic peak data prestored in the single chip microcomputer can be updated.
4. The method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mapping table of the materials and the garbage classification pre-stored in the single chip microcomputer can be adjusted according to the country/region where the garbage classification is located.
5. The method for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a) opening a garbage inlet electric control door under the control of a single chip microcomputer, allowing source garbage to enter a garbage identification bin from the garbage inlet electric control door, and closing the garbage inlet electric control door under the control of the single chip microcomputer;
b) the garbage entering the garbage identification bin is conveyed to the position near the infrared spectrometer, and the infrared spectrometer collects infrared spectrum data of the garbage and transmits the infrared spectrum data to the single chip microcomputer;
c) the single chip microcomputer compares and identifies the received infrared spectrum data with a mapping database of pre-stored substances and infrared spectrum characteristic peak data in the single chip microcomputer to obtain the substance types of the identified garbage, and then performs garbage classification on the identified garbage substances according to a mapping table of pre-stored substances and garbage classification in the single chip microcomputer;
d) the single chip microcomputer judges whether the garbage substances identified in the step c) belong to a single garbage category, if not, a garbage inlet electric control door is opened to prompt a user to check and throw again and finish garbage classification, and the garbage classification is restarted until the user corrects garbage throwing errors; if the judgment result is yes, executing the step e);
e) opening the garbage recognition bin, and closing the garbage recognition bin after the garbage leaves the garbage recognition bin;
f) the garbage is conveyed to the classification box corresponding to the garbage category through the garbage electric moving mechanism, and the inlet of the classification box is opened to enable the garbage to fall into the corresponding garbage classification box, so that the intelligent classification of the garbage is completed.
6. The method for intelligently classifying source garbage according to claim 5, wherein: the method also comprises a step g), and the specific operations are as follows: and c, judging whether residual garbage exists in the garbage identification bin or not by the single chip microcomputer, if so, sending the residual garbage to the vicinity of the infrared spectrometer, and repeatedly executing the steps b) to f) to finish intelligent classification of the residual garbage.
7. The utility model provides a realize source rubbish intelligent classification's device which characterized in that: including rubbish discernment storehouse, infrared spectrum appearance and singlechip, infrared spectrum appearance sets up in rubbish discernment storehouse, and with singlechip signal connection, the top in rubbish discernment storehouse is equipped with rubbish entry automatically controlled door, is equipped with the material platform that connects of downward sloping in the below of rubbish entry automatically controlled door, connect the material platform to locate the electric skateboard group of buffer board low side by the buffer board with rotating, infrared spectrum appearance is located near electric skateboard, is equipped with a plurality of classification case under rubbish discernment storehouse the top of classification case and the below that is located electric skateboard are equipped with classification case automatically controlled door the top of classification case automatically controlled door is equipped with rubbish electric movement mechanism, just rubbish entry automatically controlled door, electric skateboard, classification case automatically controlled door, rubbish electric movement mechanism all are connected with the singlechip electricity.
8. The apparatus for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 7, wherein: an electric shaft is transversely arranged at the joint of the electric sliding plate and the buffer plate, the electric sliding plate is rotatably connected with the buffer plate through the electric shaft, and the electric shaft is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer; be equipped with transparent baffle between infrared spectrum appearance and electric skateboard end, electric skateboard end and transparent baffle's front looks butt, infrared spectrum appearance sets up the back at transparent baffle.
9. The apparatus for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 7, wherein: connect the high-end of material platform to be equipped with the electric shovel that slides that can connect the linear reciprocating motion of material platform along the extending direction of connecing the material the last nanometer that is equipped with of electric shovel is wiped, just electric shovel is connected with the singlechip electricity.
10. The apparatus for realizing intelligent classification of source garbage according to claim 7, wherein: the device includes open-top's box, the box internalization is equipped with the categorised baffle of a plurality of vertical directions, categorised baffle divide into a plurality of classification casees with the box, the top of categorised baffle is located to classification case automatically controlled door level, electric slide bar is worn to be equipped with in the bottom of categorised baffle, electric slide bar is connected with the singlechip electricity.
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