CN112997787A - Rapid seedling raising method for half-mangrove plant silver leaf tree - Google Patents
Rapid seedling raising method for half-mangrove plant silver leaf tree Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of forestry afforestation, in particular to a method for quickly growing seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree, which comprises the following steps: (1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests, and sterilizing; (2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting off part of the shell of the disinfected silver leaf tree fruit, removing fruit with poor endosperm development, and soaking in the solution A for accelerating germination; (3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds; (4) matrix configuration: preparing a culture medium by adopting sea mud, sea sand and plant ash; (5) planting: planting the fruits after pregermination in a nutrition bag filled with culture medium; (6) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the silver leaf trees into the non-woven fabric bags filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings of the silver leaf trees is 20-30cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery garden when the height of the seedlings is 45-55 cm. The invention has the advantages of good germination rate, seedling preservation rate, seedling height effect and short seedling culture period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forestry forestation, in particular to a method for quickly growing seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree.
Background
The semi-mangrove plant refers to an amphibious woody plant which can survive in intertidal zones, become a dominant species on beaches and naturally reproduce in land environments.
The silver leaf tree (the name: Heritiera littoralis Dryand.) is a plant of genus silver leaf tree of family Sterculiaceae, is distributed in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical coast or the continental margin of estuary coast, and is an amphibious red tree rare plant which can grow in the intertidal zone and on the land. The small branches and the back surfaces of the leaves of the silver-leaf trees are blighted by silvery white scales, so that the silver-leaf trees can reflect strong light, reduce temperature and reduce water loss, and are named accordingly. The root of the trunk of the silver leaf tree is provided with the uniform-thickness roots protruding out of the soil surface layer, the roots support and fix the tree body, and the capabilities of resisting typhoon and tide water flushing and breathing area of the roots can be increased. The fruit shell of the silver leaf tree is thick and solid, and is difficult to crack, and the seeds generally germinate with the shell. The germination of the fruits directly influences the updating and establishment of the population, and is a key link for the population multiplication.
The silver leaf tree wood is hard and is good material for building, shipbuilding and furniture manufacturing; the seeds are edible and can also be used for oil extraction, and have certain edible value; the bark of the tree can be decocted to obtain decoction for treating hematuria, diarrhea, dysentery, etc., and has high medicinal value. The silver leaf trees not only have higher material and medicinal values, but also are typical of the root tree species, have good wind resistance, high and elegant tree forms, fantastic shapes of leaves and fruits, the habit of stem blossoming and fruiting and good ornamental value, are important landscape tree species in southern subtropical and tropical coastal cities, and are also the afforestation tree species with the most potential for transformation of coastal protection forests in our province. The adaptability of the silver leaf trees to two different ecological environments of intertidal zone and land provides great convenience for mangrove afforestation.
As the silver leaf trees have certain economic value, the silver leaf trees are excessively felled in a growing place, meanwhile, the mangrove forest area is reduced due to factors such as large-area reclamation and large-scale aquaculture pond construction, urbanization, environmental pollution and the like, the growing environment of the silver leaf trees gradually disappears, floating seeds of the silver leaf trees are blocked due to the fact that most of naturally-transmitted water areas are artificially utilized or water quality is polluted, wild population and individual number are greatly reduced, and only a few mangrove forest communities taking the silver leaf trees as dominant species are seen at present.
Chinese patent application CN101524042A discloses a seedling raising technology for silver leaf tree fruits, which is to cultivate silver leaf tree seedling products by fresh fruit treatment, preparation of soil before sowing and the like, sowing and management after sowing of the collected silver leaf tree fruits. The method is a development technology of mangrove forest silver leaf tree fruits as mass production silver leaf tree seedlings, is an innovative technology of mangrove forest resource scientific research, has the effects of high silver leaf tree fruit emergence rate, regular emergence and low economic cost, and has wide market prospect. However, the germination rate, seedling preservation rate and seedling height of the seedling raising method need to be improved.
Chinese patent application CN104206144 discloses a seedling breeding and cultivating method of mangrove plant silver leaf trees, which comprises the following steps: step A: selecting plants with the age of 5-20 years and no plant diseases and insect pests as mother trees, harvesting fruits with plump shapes and dark brown pericarps in 8-10 months per year, sterilizing, drying in the sun, and bagging; and B: storing the fruits in sand; and C: selecting nursery lands, sterilizing the seedbed matrix, and directly sowing the silver leaf tree fruits after 10-15 days; step D: domesticating the silver leaf saplings in a halophytic environment and a fresh water environment; step E: after the silver leaf tree seedlings grow to 0.8-1.5m, the seedlings are unearthed and transplanted, and then natural sea mud at seaside is placed at the bottoms of planting holes to be transplanted for strengthening the seedlings. The invention expands the suitable growing range of the silver leaf tree seedlings, and the cultivated seedlings can be planted in the intertidal zone environment where seawater can directly reach and can also be cultivated on land far away from the seawater, thereby being beneficial to afforestation and propagation of the silver leaf trees and being suitable for protection and production and landscape application of silver leaf tree resources. But the germination rate, the seedling preservation rate and the seedling height of the seedling raising method also need to be improved.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for rapidly growing seedlings of the silver leaf trees of the semi-mangrove plant, which can solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for quickly growing seedlings of the silver leaf trees of the semi-mangrove plants, which has high germination rate, high seedling storage rate, high seedling height and short seedling growing period.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for quickly raising seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests, and sterilizing;
(2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting off part of the shell of the disinfected silver leaf tree fruit, removing fruit with poor endosperm development, and soaking in the solution A for accelerating germination;
(3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds, and the seedbed is used as a seedling raising field;
(4) matrix configuration: preparing a culture medium by adopting at least one of sea mud, sea sand and plant ash;
(5) planting: planting the fruits after pregermination in a nutrition bag filled with culture medium;
(6) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the silver leaf trees into the non-woven fabric bags filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings of the silver leaf trees is 20-30cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery garden when the height of the seedlings is 45-55 cm.
Preferably, the specific process of the disinfection in the step (1) is to soak the silver-leaved tree fruits in 0.03-0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1-2 h.
Preferably, in step (1), the fruit is harvested from late 9 to mid 10 months.
More preferably, step (1) comprises the steps of:
seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests in the late 9 th to the middle 10 th months, and soaking the silver leaf tree fruits in 0.03-0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1-2h for disinfection.
Preferably, the partial nut shells in step (2) are nut shells of length 1/3-2/5 of the fruit of the silver leaf tree. And (3) when the cutting is carried out in the step (2), cutting is carried out from the pedicel end of the fruit of the silver leaf tree along the length direction of the fruit. The length direction is the direction from the pedicel end to the bottom end of the fruit.
Preferably, the solution A in the step (2) is at least one of gibberellin solution, indoleacetic acid solution and 6-benzyladenine solution.
Preferably, the soaking time in the step (2) is 1.5-3.5 h.
More preferably, the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 100-150mg/L, the concentration of the indoleacetic acid solution is 150-180mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine solution is 20-50 mg/L.
More preferably, in the step (2), the fruit of the silver leaf tree is firstly soaked in the gibberellin solution for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, then soaked in the indoleacetic acid solution for 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally soaked in the 6-benzyladenine solution for 0.5 to 1 hour.
More preferably, the step (2) comprises the steps of:
pretreatment of fruits: cutting 1/3-2/5 part of nut shell from the end of the nut base of the disinfected silver leaf tree fruit to remove fruit with poor endosperm development, firstly soaking in 150mg/L gibberellin solution for 0.5-1.5h, then soaking in 180mg/L indoleacetic acid solution for 0.5-1h, and finally soaking in 20-50 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for 0.5-1h to accelerate germination.
Preferably, before the fruit of the silver leaf trees in the step (2) is soaked in the solution A, the fruit of the silver leaf trees is soaked for 1 to 3 hours by using a mixed solution of acetic acid, 5 to 20 weight percent of hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the acetic acid, the 5-20 wt% hydrochloric acid and the potassium nitrate is 1:5-20: 0.005-0.1.
More preferably, the step (2) comprises the steps of:
pretreatment of fruits: cutting 1/3-2/5 shells of disinfected silver leaf tree fruits, removing fruits with poor endosperm development, soaking the disinfected silver leaf tree fruits for 1-3h by using a mixed solution of acetic acid, 5-20 wt% of hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate (the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the 5-20 wt% of hydrochloric acid to the potassium nitrate is 1:5-20:0.005-0.1), then soaking the disinfected silver leaf tree fruits for 0.5-1.5h in 100-150mg/L gibberellin solution, then soaking the disinfected silver leaf tree fruits for 0.5-1h in 150-mg/L indole acetic acid solution, and finally soaking the disinfected silver leaf tree fruits for 0.5-1h in 20-50 mg/L6-benzyl adenine solution for pregermination.
Preferably, the step (3) comprises the steps of:
land preparation: leveling the seedbed, digging ditches in proper areas to ensure smooth drainage and removing weeds, floaters and garbage.
Preferably, the culture medium in the step (4) is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand, and the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 1-2: 1.
More preferably, the step (4) comprises the steps of:
(4) matrix configuration: sea mud and sea sand are adopted to prepare a culture medium, and the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 1-2: 1.
Preferably, 50% -60% of the fruit thickness is pressed into the culture medium during the planting in step (5).
When the fruits are planted, the fruits are horizontally pressed into the culture medium, and the pressing depth is 50% -60% of the thickness of the fruits. That is, 50-60% of the fruit thickness is pressed into the matrix, with the remainder exposed to air.
The fruit is horizontally pressed into the culture medium, and the horizontal direction means that the length direction of the fruit is parallel to the ground plane.
Preferably, the sprinkling irrigation process in the planting process in the step (5) is as follows: the seeds are planted in the 1 st week, morning and evening respectively, and the seeds are sprayed for 1-1.5 hours, so that the surface soil of the seeds and the culture substrate is kept 1-2cm wet; sprinkling for 1 time every day for 2 weeks to 3 weeks, and sprinkling for 1 hour to 1.5 hours; 4-6 weeks, 1-2 times per week, 1-1.5 hours per time; then the sprinkler irrigation is carried out for 1 to 2 times per month, and the sprinkler irrigation is carried out for 1 to 1.5 hours each time.
More preferably, the sprinkling time in the morning is 7-9 points and the sprinkling time in the evening is 16-18 points.
More preferably, the average water content of the surface soil of the culture substrate is 20-40% at a depth of 1-2cm after each spray irrigation.
More preferably, the step (5) comprises the steps of:
planting: planting the fruits after germination acceleration in a nutrition bag (with the specification of 12cm multiplied by 12cm) filled with a culture medium, pressing 50-60% of the thickness of the fruits into the culture medium in the planting process, and performing spray irrigation as follows: the planting is carried out once a day in the morning and at night (the sprinkling irrigation time in the morning is 7-9 points, and the sprinkling irrigation time in the evening is 16-18 points) in the 1 st week for 1-1.5 hours; sprinkling for 1 time every day for 2 weeks to 3 weeks, and sprinkling for 1 hour to 1.5 hours; 4-6 weeks, 1-2 times per week, 1-1.5 hours per time; then (winter-spring of next year) sprinkling for 1-2 times per month, and sprinkling for 1-1.5 hours each time; after each spray irrigation, the average water content of the surface soil of the culture substrate with the depth of 1-2cm is 20-40%.
Preferably, the specification of the non-woven cloth bag in the step (6) is 24cm multiplied by 24 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the germination accelerating process of the silver leaf tree fruits is optimized, the fruit shells are partially cut off, the fruits are soaked in the solution A, the composition of the solution A and the soaking process are optimized, and the germination rate, the preservation rate and the seedling height of the silver leaf tree fruits are remarkably improved.
Before the silver leaf tree fruits are soaked in the solution A, the mixed solution of acetic acid, 5-20 wt% of hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate is adopted for soaking treatment, so that the germination rate, the preservation rate and the seedling height of the silver leaf tree fruits are further improved.
The invention optimizes the specific composition of the culture medium, and further improves the germination rate, the preservation rate and the seedling height of the silver leaf tree fruits.
The invention optimizes the spray irrigation process in the planting process of the silver leaf tree fruits, is beneficial to the germination of the silver leaf tree fruits, and simultaneously improves the preservation rate and the seedling height of the silver leaf tree fruits.
The invention shortens the seedling raising period, and the seedlings can meet the requirements of outplanting within 1 year.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for quickly raising seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests in the last 10 th month, and soaking the silver leaf tree fruits in 0.03 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1h for disinfection;
(2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting 1/3 husks (from pedicel end) of disinfected fruit of silver leaf tree to expose white endosperm, removing fruit with dysplasia of endosperm, soaking in 100mg/L gibberellin solution for 0.5h, soaking in 150mg/L indoleacetic acid solution for 0.5h, and soaking in 20 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for 0.5h for germination;
(3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds;
(4) preparing a culture medium: the culture medium is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand, and the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 1: 1;
(5) planting: planting the fruit after pregermination in a nutrition bag (with the specification of 12cm multiplied by 12cm) filled with culture medium, pressing 50% of the fruit thickness into the culture medium in the planting process, and performing spray irrigation as follows: the seeds are planted in the morning and at night (the sprinkling irrigation time in the morning is 7 points, and the sprinkling irrigation time in the evening is 16 points) in the 1 st week, and are subjected to sprinkling irrigation for 1 hour; sprinkling for 1 time every morning for 2-3 weeks for 1 hour; 4-6 weeks, 1 time of sprinkling irrigation every week for 1 hour; then (winter-spring of next year) spray irrigation for 1 time per month, each spray irrigation for 1 hour; after each spray irrigation, the average water content of the surface soil of the culture substrate with the depth of 1cm is 20 percent;
(6) transplanting seedlings: and (3) transplanting the silver leaf trees into a non-woven bag (with the specification of 24cm multiplied by 24cm) filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings is 20cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery when the height of the seedlings is 45 cm.
Example 2
A method for quickly raising seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests in the last 10 th month, and soaking the silver leaf tree fruits in 0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 2h for disinfection;
(2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting 2/5 husks (from the pedicel end) of the disinfected fruit of the silver leaf tree to expose white endosperm, removing fruits with dysplasia of endosperm, soaking in a gibberellin solution of 150mg/L for 1.5h, then soaking in an indoleacetic acid solution of 180mg/L for 1h, and finally soaking in a 6-benzyladenine solution of 50mg/L for 1h for pregermination;
(3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds;
(4) preparing a culture medium: the culture medium is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand, and the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 1.5: 1;
(5) planting: planting the fruits after germination acceleration in a nutrition bag (with the specification of 12cm multiplied by 12cm) filled with a culture medium, pressing 60 percent of the thickness of the fruits into the culture medium in the planting process, and performing spray irrigation as follows: the planting is carried out once a day in the morning and at night (the sprinkling irrigation time in the morning is 9 points, and the sprinkling irrigation time in the evening is 18 points) in the 1 st week, and the sprinkling irrigation is carried out for 1.5 hours; sprinkling for 1 time every morning for 2-3 weeks, and sprinkling for 1.5 hours; sprinkling for 2 times every week for 4 weeks to 6 weeks, and sprinkling for 1.5 hours each time; then (winter-spring of next year) spray irrigation 2 times per month, each spray irrigation 1.5 hours; after each spray irrigation, the average water content of the surface soil of the culture substrate with the depth of 2cm is 40 percent;
(6) transplanting seedlings: and (3) transplanting the silver leaf trees into a non-woven bag (with the specification of 24cm multiplied by 24cm) filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings of the silver leaf trees is 30cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery when the height of the seedlings is 55 cm.
Example 3
A method for quickly raising seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests in the last ten days of 10 months, and soaking the silver leaf tree fruits in 0.25 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1.5h for disinfection;
(2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting 1/3 husks (from pedicel end) of disinfected fruit of silver leaf tree to expose white endosperm, removing fruit with dysplasia of endosperm, soaking in 120mg/L gibberellin solution for 1h, soaking in 160mg/L indoleacetic acid solution for 0.75h, and soaking in 35 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for 0.75h for germination;
(3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds;
(4) preparing a culture medium: the culture medium is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand, and the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 2: 1;
(5) planting: planting the fruit after pregermination in a nutrition bag (with the specification of 12cm multiplied by 12cm) filled with culture medium, pressing 55% of the fruit thickness into the culture medium in the planting process, and performing spray irrigation as follows: the planting is carried out for 1 week in the morning and at night (the sprinkling irrigation time in the morning is 8 points, and the sprinkling irrigation time in the evening is 17 points) each day, and the sprinkling irrigation is carried out for 1 hour; sprinkling for 1 time every morning for 2-3 weeks for 1 hour; 4-6 weeks, 1 time per week, 1.5 hours each time; then (winter-spring of next year) spray irrigation for 2 times per month, each spray irrigation for 1 hour; after each spray irrigation, the average water content of the surface soil of the culture substrate with the depth of 1.5cm is 30 percent;
(6) transplanting seedlings: and (3) transplanting the silver leaf trees into a non-woven bag (with the specification of 24cm multiplied by 24cm) filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings is 25cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery when the height of the seedlings is 50 cm.
Example 3-1
The difference from example 3 is only that the length of the shell is different from that of the shell cut in step (2), only 1/6 shell is cut, and the conditions are the same.
Examples 3 to 2
The difference from example 3 is only that the length of the shell cut in step (2) is different, and the same conditions are used except that 1/2 shell is cut.
Examples 3 to 3
The difference from the example 3 is only that the step (2) is different, and the rest conditions are the same, which are as follows:
(2) pretreatment of fruits: 1/3 husks of disinfected silver leaf tree fruits are cut off (from the pedicel end), white endosperm is exposed, fruits with dysplasia of endosperm are removed, and the fruits are soaked in 160mg/L indoleacetic acid solution for 0.75h, then soaked in 120mg/L gibberellin solution for 1h, and finally soaked in 35 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for 0.75h for germination acceleration.
Examples 3 to 4
The difference from example 3 is only that the substrate in step (4) is different, only sea mud, and the rest conditions are the same.
Examples 3 to 5
The difference from example 3 is only that the substrate in step (4) is different, and the substrate is a mixture of sea mud and plant ash, the volume ratio of the sea mud to the plant ash is 2:1, and the rest conditions are the same.
Examples 3 to 6
The difference from example 3 is only that the substrate in step (4) is different, and is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand, the volume ratio of the sea mud to the sea sand is 1:3, and the rest conditions are the same.
Example 4
The difference from the example 3 is only that the step (2) is different, and the rest conditions are the same, which are as follows:
pretreatment of fruits: 1/3 fruit shells of disinfected silver leaf tree fruits are cut off (cut off from the end of a fruit base) to expose white endosperm, fruits with poor endosperm development are removed, the fruits are soaked for 3 hours in a mixed solution of acetic acid, 5 wt% hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate (the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the 5 wt% hydrochloric acid to the potassium nitrate is 1:5:0.005), then soaked in a 120mg/L gibberellin solution for 1 hour, then soaked in a 160mg/L indoleacetic acid solution for 0.75 hour, and finally soaked in a 35 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for 0.75 hour to accelerate germination.
Example 5
The difference from the example 3 is only that the step (2) is different, and the rest conditions are the same, which are as follows:
pretreatment of fruits: 1/3 fruit shells of disinfected silver leaf tree fruits are cut off (cut off from the end of a fruit base) to expose white endosperm, fruits with poor endosperm development are removed, the fruits are soaked for 1 hour in a mixed solution of acetic acid, 20 wt% hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate (the mass ratio of the acetic acid to the 20 wt% hydrochloric acid to the potassium nitrate is 1:20:0.1), then soaked for 1 hour in a 120mg/L gibberellin solution, then soaked for 0.75 hour in a 160mg/L indoleacetic acid solution, and finally soaked for 0.75 hour in a 35 mg/L6-benzyladenine solution for germination acceleration.
Examples of effects
Examples 1-5 fruit germination at week 6 of planting and seedling survival and seedling height tests at 2 months to 11 months of planting, the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The above detailed description is specific to one possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly raising seedlings of a semi-mangrove plant, namely a silver leaf tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed collection and disinfection: collecting mature silver leaf tree fruits without insect pests, and sterilizing;
(2) pretreatment of fruits: cutting off part of the shell of the disinfected silver leaf tree fruit, removing fruit with poor endosperm development, and soaking in the solution A for accelerating germination;
(3) land preparation: flattening the seedbed to ensure smooth drainage and remove weeds;
(4) matrix configuration: preparing a culture medium by adopting at least one of sea mud, sea sand and plant ash;
(5) planting: planting the fruits after pregermination in a nutrition bag filled with culture medium;
(6) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the silver leaf trees into the non-woven fabric bags filled with the culture medium in the step (4) when the height of the seedlings of the silver leaf trees is 20-30cm, and taking the seedlings out of the nursery garden when the height of the seedlings is 45-55 cm.
2. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific process of disinfection in step (1) is to soak the fruit of the silver-leaved tree in 0.03-0.5 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1-2 h; the part of the nut shell in the step (2) is the nut shell of the silverleaf tree fruit 1/3-2/5 in length.
3. A method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein said solution a in step (2) is at least one of a gibberellin solution, an indoleacetic acid solution, and a 6-benzyladenine solution, and the time for said soaking in step (2) is 1.5 to 3.5 hours.
4. A seedling raising method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin solution is 100-150mg/L, the concentration of the indoleacetic acid solution is 150-180mg/L, and the concentration of the 6-benzyladenine solution is 20-50 mg/L.
5. A seedling raising method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the fruits of the silver-leaved trees are firstly soaked in the gibberellin solution for 0.5 to 1.5 hours, then soaked in the indoleacetic acid solution for 0.5 to 1 hour, and finally soaked in the 6-benzyladenine solution for 0.5 to 1 hour.
6. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein before the silver-leaf tree fruit of step (2) is soaked in the solution a, the silver-leaf tree fruit is soaked for 1 to 3 hours in a mixed solution of acetic acid, 5 to 20 wt% hydrochloric acid and potassium nitrate.
7. A method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium in step (4) is a mixture of sea mud and sea sand in a volume ratio of 1-2: 1.
8. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein 50 to 60% of the fruit thickness is pressed into the culture medium during the planting in step (5).
9. A seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sprinkling irrigation process in the planting process of step (5) is as follows: the seeds are planted in the 1 st week, morning and evening respectively, and the seeds are sprayed for 1-1.5 hours, so that the surface soil of the seeds and the culture substrate is kept 1-2cm wet; sprinkling for 1 time every day for 2 weeks to 3 weeks, and sprinkling for 1 hour to 1.5 hours; 4-6 weeks, 1-2 times per week, 1-1.5 hours per time; then the sprinkler irrigation is carried out for 1 to 2 times per month, and the sprinkler irrigation is carried out for 1 to 1.5 hours each time.
10. A method of growing seedlings according to claim 9 in which the average moisture content of the top soil of the culture substrate is between 1 and 2cm after each spray irrigation is between 20 and 40%.
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