CN112970377A - Scirpus marianus pelleted seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding and pelleting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to scirpus marilenii pelletized seeds suitable for mudflat direct seeding and a pelletization method thereof, the scirpus marilenii pelletized seeds for mudflat direct seeding are firstly pelletized, and the larger scirpus marilenii seeds are prepared by a new pelletization processing method, so that the scirpus marilenii pelletized seeds can still reach ideal germination rate while being thickened and coated with a material for weight increment, and the pelletized coating also has certain compressive strength, can resist the washing of damp water, has lower water cracking performance, can keep the shape for a longer time after being soaked in water, can slowly absorb water and cannot be automatically destructed.

Description

Scirpus marianus pelleted seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding and pelleting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a scirpus marigoldendori pelleted seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding and a pelleting method thereof.

Background

Scirpus maritima is a special local species in intertidal zones in China and is mainly bred by seeds and corms. In order to adapt to intertidal zone habitat, the scirpus maritima seeds have the characteristics of light weight, thick seed coats, long germination time and the like, but the characteristics are not beneficial to fixed-point direct seeding repair of the scirpus maritima population on mudflats. Due to the long germination time, the scirpus maritima seeds which are not pelletized are easily washed away by the moist after the seeds are sowed in the tidal flat after being washed by the moist for a long time, and the remaining germination rate of the sowing positions is often less than 10%.

The seed pelleting technology is mainly applied to agricultural crops with tiny seeds, and the tiny seeds can be subjected to standardized operation by matching with machinery after being pelletized. Due to the sowing requirements of agricultural crops, the pelleted seeds applied to the crops generally do not have good pressure resistance, and certain water-splitting property is required for the pelleted seeds to facilitate the rapid germination of the seeds. When the method is applied to ecological restoration of direct seeding on mudflats, in order to be more beneficial to the preservation and germination of scirpus marianus seeds in the field, the scirpus marianus seeds after pelleting also need to have the characteristics of high specific gravity, good pressure resistance, good water absorption, difficult cracking when meeting water and the like, so the conventional pelleting technology is not suitable for the pelleting processing of the scirpus marianus seeds.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a scirpus marigoldendori pelleted seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding and a pelleting method thereof.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:

the pelletized seed of the scirpus marigolense is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is a protective layer formed by using a film-forming agent, and the protective layer has a stable structure and has the function of maintaining the shape of the pellets in water; the middle layer is a main material layer, wherein the main material ratio is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite, wherein the main material has the functions of weight increment, insect prevention, mildew prevention, seedling nutrition supply at the early stage of germination and the like; the inner layer is scirpus marigoldianus seeds, and the seeds are high-quality seeds with full grains and thousand seed weight more than or equal to 9 g.

The pelleting method of scirpus marigoldianus pelleting seeds suitable for mudflat direct seeding comprises the following steps:

1) the main material proportion is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite; the water aqua comprises the following components by mass: 1.5 percent of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.1 percent of mancozeb, 0.05 percent of imidacloprid and 0.1 percent of trace elements;

2) seed pretreatment: selecting seeds, removing impurities and empty shells, wherein the diameter of the selected seeds is more than or equal to 3.1mm, the thousand seed weight is more than or equal to 8g, soaking the selected seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.05-0.1% for 30-60 min, sterilizing the surfaces, fishing out, washing with clear water for 2-3 times, and airing for later use;

3) preparing powder: preparing main material powder which is 9 times of the weight of seeds to be treated according to the proportion of the main material, dividing the main material powder into three parts of 1:3:5, and preparing water aqua of which the powder weight is 0.1-0.15 time;

4) preparing a core: putting scirpus marigold seeds into a pelleting machine, uniformly rolling, adding 1 part of main material powder into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying an aqueous solution for 5-10 s after the main material is added each time, taking out after nucleation, and sieving, wherein the mass of the nucleated seeds is 2 times that of naked seeds;

5) first weight gain: putting the sieved seed kernels into a pelleting machine to roll uniformly, adding 3 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after adding the main materials each time, taking out and sieving after weight gain is finished, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after weight gain for the first time is 5 times that of naked seeds;

6) and (3) second weight gain: and continuously putting the seed balls after the weight is increased for the first time into a pelleting machine for uniform rolling, adding the rest 5 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, and atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after the main materials are added each time. Taking out and sieving after weight increment, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after the second weight increment is 10 times of that of naked seeds;

7) polishing and rounding: putting the weighted seed pills into a pill machine again, spraying a small amount of water agent, adding a proper amount of talcum powder, rolling, polishing, taking out, sieving, and drying and shaping by using hot air at 45 ℃;

8) film forming and dyeing: putting the round seed balls into a pelleting machine, adding a polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent for coating and film-forming to form a protective shell, and then adding coloring agents such as brilliant blue and the like for dyeing to obtain a finished product.

Compared with the prior art, the design of the invention has the following advantages:

the invention firstly carries out pelleting processing on scirpus marigolense seeds for mudflat direct seeding, and prepares larger scirpus marigolense seeds by a novel pelleting processing method, the scirpus marigolense pelletized seeds can still reach ideal germination rate while being thickened by a coating material, the retention rate is high, the pelleting coating also has certain compressive strength, can resist damp water scouring, prevent insects and mildew, has lower water cracking property, can keep the shape for a longer time after being soaked in water, and can slowly absorb water without self-deconstruction. In addition, the method is suitable for standardized and precise operation, the repairing effect which can be achieved through every ten thousand seeds originally only needs 1000-2000 seeds per square after pelleting, the repairing efficiency is improved, and the seed cost is saved.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a scirpus marigoldianus pelletized seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding, which consists of an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is a protective layer formed by using a film-forming agent, and the protective layer has a stable structure and has the function of maintaining the shape of the pellets in water; the middle layer is a main material layer, wherein the main material ratio is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite, wherein the main material has the functions of weight increment, insect prevention, mildew prevention, seedling nutrition supply at the early stage of germination and the like; the inner layer is scirpus marigoldianus seeds, and the seeds are high-quality seeds with full grains and thousand seed weight more than or equal to 9 g.

The formula screening process of the main materials is as follows:

six formulas are selected for testing the compressive strength and the cracking property, and the formula with high compressive strength and low cracking property is selected from the test results to be used as the main formula for pelleting scirpus marigoldianus seeds.

The test method comprises the following steps:

and (3) testing the compressive strength: the maximum force of the seed pellets during fracturing was measured using a push-pull force meter, repeated 10 times, and the average value was taken.

And (3) testing the cracking performance: soaking 100 kinds of pills in water, taking out after 1min, lightly pressing, recording the number of broken pills, accounting for the percentage of the total number of the seeds, and repeating for 3 times.

The experimental results are as follows:

formulation of	Concave-convex rod powder%	Talc powder%	Bentonite%	Compressive strength/N	Cracking property%
						1	39	46	15	47.16	5.11
2	15	55	30	58.23	31.12
						3	22	15	63	25.38	71.3
4	35	30	35	35.6	23.55
						5	20	57	23	46.5	14.41
6	43	15	32	45.79	21.31

According to the results, the seed balls with different formulas have different compressive strength and cracking property, and the No. 1 formula is selected as the main material formula for pelletization of the scirpus maritima seed through comprehensive consideration of the compressive strength and the cracking property of the seed balls.

The pelleting method of scirpus marigoldianus seeds for mudflat direct seeding comprises the following steps:

1) the main material proportion is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite; the water aqua comprises the following components by mass: 1.5 percent of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.1 percent of mancozeb, 0.05 percent of imidacloprid and 0.1 percent of trace elements.

2) Seed pretreatment: selecting seeds, removing impurities and empty shells, wherein the diameter of the selected seeds is more than or equal to 3.1mm, the thousand seed weight is more than or equal to 8g, soaking the selected seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.05-0.1% for 30-60 min, sterilizing the surfaces, fishing out, washing with clear water for 2-3 times, and airing for later use.

3) Preparing powder: preparing main material powder which is 9 times of the weight of seeds to be treated according to the proportion of the main materials, dividing the main material powder into three parts of 1:3:5, and preparing water agent with the powder weight of 0.1-0.15 time.

4) Preparing a core: putting scirpus marigold seeds into a pelleting machine, uniformly rolling, adding 1 part of main material powder into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying a water agent for 5-10 s after the main material is added every time, taking out after nucleation, and sieving, wherein the mass of the nucleated seeds is 2 times that of naked seeds.

5) First weight gain: and (3) putting the sieved seed kernels into a pelleting machine to roll uniformly, adding 3 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after adding the main materials each time, taking out and sieving after weight gain is finished, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after weight gain for the first time is 5 times that of naked seeds.

6) And (3) second weight gain: and continuously putting the seed balls after the weight is increased for the first time into a pelleting machine for uniform rolling, adding the rest 5 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, and atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after the main materials are added each time. Taking out and sieving after weight increment, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after the second weight increment is 10 times of that of naked seeds.

7) Polishing and rounding: putting the weighted seed pills into a pill machine again, spraying a small amount of water agent, adding a proper amount of talcum powder, rolling, polishing, taking out, sieving, and drying and shaping by using hot air at 45 ℃.

8) Film forming and dyeing: putting the round seed balls into a pelleting machine, adding a polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent for coating and film-forming to form a protective shell, and then adding coloring agents such as brilliant blue and the like for dyeing to obtain a finished product.

The parameters of the scirpus marigolense seeds after the pelleting treatment are tested as follows:

the pelletized scirpus marigolense seeds can still achieve ideal germination rate, have high compressive strength and are not easy to crack when meeting water, so that the pelletized scirpus marigolense seeds can be suitable for direct seeding on mudflats.

Claims (2)

1. Scirpus marigoldens pelleted seed suitable for mudflat direct seeding, its characterized in that: the pelleted seed of scirpus marianus is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the outer layer is a protective layer formed by using a film-forming agent, and the protective layer has a stable structure and has the function of maintaining the shape of the pellets in water; the middle layer is a main material layer, wherein the main material ratio is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite, wherein the main material has the functions of weight increment, insect prevention, mildew prevention, seedling nutrition supply at the early stage of germination and the like; the inner layer is scirpus marigoldianus seeds, and the seeds are high-quality seeds with full grains and thousand seed weight more than or equal to 9 g.

2. A pelleting method of scirpus marigoldianus pelleting seeds suitable for mudflat direct seeding is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pelleting method comprises the following steps:

1) the main material proportion is as follows: 39% of attapulgite powder, 46% of talcum powder and 15% of bentonite; the water aqua comprises the following components by mass: 1.5 percent of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.1 percent of mancozeb, 0.05 percent of imidacloprid and 0.1 percent of trace elements;

2) seed pretreatment: selecting seeds, removing impurities and empty shells, wherein the diameter of the selected seeds is larger than or equal to 3.1mm, the thousand seed weight is larger than or equal to 8g, soaking the selected seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.05-0.1% for 30-60 min, sterilizing the surfaces of the seeds, fishing out the seeds, washing the seeds for 2-3 times by using clear water, and airing the seeds for later use;

3) preparing powder: preparing main material powder which is 9 times of the weight of seeds to be treated according to the proportion of the main material, dividing the main material powder into three parts of 1:3:5, and preparing water aqua of which the powder weight is 0.1-0.15 time;

4) preparing a core: putting scirpus marigold seeds into a pelleting machine, uniformly rolling, adding 1 part of main material powder into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying an aqueous solution for 5-10 s after the main material is added each time, taking out after nucleation, and sieving, wherein the mass of the nucleated seeds is 2 times that of naked seeds;

5) first weight gain: putting the sieved seed kernels into a pelleting machine to roll uniformly, adding 3 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after adding the main materials each time, taking out and sieving after weight gain is finished, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after weight gain for the first time is 5 times that of naked seeds;

6) and (3) second weight gain: and continuously putting the seed balls after the weight is increased for the first time into a pelleting machine for uniform rolling, adding the rest 5 parts of main materials into the pelleting machine for 3-5 times, and atomizing and spraying a water agent for 15-20 s after the main materials are added each time. Taking out and sieving after weight increment, wherein the mass of the pelleted seeds after the second weight increment is 10 times of that of naked seeds;

7) polishing and rounding: putting the weighted seed pills into a pill machine again, spraying a small amount of water agent, adding a proper amount of talcum powder, rolling, polishing, taking out, sieving, and drying and shaping by using hot air at 45 ℃;

8) film forming and dyeing: putting the round seed balls into a pelleting machine, adding a polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent for coating and film-forming to form a protective shell, and then adding coloring agents such as brilliant blue and the like for dyeing to obtain a finished product.