CN112958769A - Manufacturing method for producing bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing radial rolling mode - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for producing bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing radial rolling mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112958769A CN112958769A CN202110127638.1A CN202110127638A CN112958769A CN 112958769 A CN112958769 A CN 112958769A CN 202110127638 A CN202110127638 A CN 202110127638A CN 112958769 A CN112958769 A CN 112958769A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F3/204—Continuous compaction with axial pressure and without reduction of section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling way, which comprises the steps of adopting a core rod with steps to be arranged in a through hole of a steel sleeve for core assembly, and firstly arranging powder metallurgy materials in a cavity; sintering at low temperature to enable powder particles of the powder metallurgy material to be primarily combined through solid phase diffusion to form a powder layer, and taking out the core rod; inserting a rotating mandrel which is not coaxial with the steel sleeve into the through hole of the steel sleeve, enabling the rotating mandrel and the steel sleeve to be in a relative rotation or rolling state, applying radial pressure on the rotating mandrel under the state to enable the rotating mandrel to radially roll the powder layer, so that the powder area is stressed, and taking out the mandrel; and (5) performing high-temperature sintering. The invention not only improves the powder forming density, but also improves the powder forming uniformity and strengthens the combination tightness between the powder inner layer and the outer layer steel sleeve because the core rod rotates and applies pressure to the powder area of the steel sleeve rotating reversely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling mode.
Background
The application fields of the sliding bearing are very wide, so the research on the structure or the production process of the sliding bearing is often treated differently according to different application fields, the application functions of the sliding bearing applied to different fields are different, and the effects brought to different fields are different.
The technical scheme of the invention relates to how to produce the bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling mode. Before the research and development, the researchers first conducted a similar research and analysis on the previous techniques, and summarized the problems and disadvantages of the existing methods for manufacturing the bimetallic sliding bearing in the powder metallurgy technical field, including:
the manufacturing process of the conventional non-rolling type metal sliding bearing of the same kind generally adopts the steps of flatly paving metal powder or alloy powder which takes elements such as copper, tin, lead and the like as main bodies on a thin metal plate (the thickness is usually 1-2 mm), and producing the thin-wall composite sliding bearing through primary sintering, rolling, secondary sintering and then rolling or welding reprocessing. The manufacturing method exposes excessive defects, for example, copper, tin and lead element materials are soft, poor in impact resistance and weak in bearing capacity, are not suitable for heavy-duty fields, and lead is not environment-friendly; meanwhile, the liquid antifriction lubricating oil cannot be stored, the friction coefficient is large, and the service life is short. Therefore, the traditional process of sintering by spreading powder on a metal plate can not meet the working performance of the existing powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing.
Secondly, if the production process of the thick-wall bimetal sliding bearing is adopted, for example, the centrifugal casting production method is mainly adopted, the method is to add elements such as tin, lead and the like into copper which is taken as a main body and melt the copper at high temperature, the method combines the outer steel sleeve with the outer steel sleeve by centrifugal force, has the defects of soft element material, low strength, unsuitability for heavy-load fields, lead-containing no environment-friendly property, incapability of storing liquid antifriction lubricating oil, large friction coefficient, short service life and the like, and simultaneously, because the bonding layer is instantly bonded on the inner wall of the steel sleeve only by the heat energy of molten metal such as copper and the like, the technical means for forming the binding force on the basis of instant combination is a manufacturing mode which inherits the traditional mechanical field and can be determined through production practice for decades, if the bonding layer is applied to the field of powder metallurgy, the bonding layer is not enough, the bonding layer is easy to fall off, and the bonding layer is not suitable for the heavy-load field. After that, some technicians electroplate a layer of materials such as copper on the inner wall of the steel sleeve in order to improve the bonding strength, but the implementation has high electroplating cost, pollutes the environment and wastes a large amount of nonferrous metals; in addition, as can be seen from experiments, technicians are not suitable for adding iron element metal for improving the bearing capacity and the impact resistance in a large proportion, so that the binding force is reduced. Obviously, if the production process of the thick-wall bimetal sliding bearing is adopted, the requirement of the existing and future powder metallurgy industries on the excellent working performance of the sliding bearing cannot be met.
The exposure of the related problems is not limited to the two manufacturing processes, and obvious disadvantages still exist if a combined sintering method is further adopted to produce the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing, because the steel sleeve and the powder metallurgy layer are combined and sintered, the size of the outer diameter of the powder metallurgy layer is smaller than that of the inner diameter of the steel sleeve during combination, a large gap exists, the sintering combination utilizes the thermal expansion principle of the powder metallurgy layer material, but the sintering expansion is influenced by different materials, uniform density of a formed green body, different expansion of the formed green body after demoulding, different sizes of gaps, non-uniform sintering deformation during sintering, different cleanness degrees of the inner wall of a steel sleeve and the outer wall of the powder metallurgy layer, different gas and gas pressure in a sintering furnace, non-uniform temperature of the sintering furnace and the like, so that the bonding layer after sintering is easy to have gaps, or the sintering bonding force is not high, so that the method cannot be applied in large scale and cannot be applied to high-strength occasions.
Furthermore, the prior art also adopts a mode of pressing, sintering and then re-processing the green body, which mainly utilizes heating to carry out solid phase diffusion between the powder and the steel sleeve for bonding, but the practical application shows that the same defects as the manufacturing process exist, for example, the bonding force is too small to be applied to high-strength occasions, and the cost is too high if the mode of re-processing after sintering the green body and then combining and sintering is adopted; for another example, in the production process of the process, the steel sleeve needs to be plated with a layer of materials such as copper on the inner wall to facilitate combination, so that the plating cost is high, and the environment is polluted; for another example, when the process is adopted for production, because the thermal coefficients of the powder metallurgy material and the steel sleeve material are different, the internal stress is too large during heat treatment, the bonding layer is very easy to crack, and the cost of the product manufactured by the process is higher than that of the whole powder metallurgy. In sum, the above manufacturing processes cannot be applied in large scale, and even in high strength applications.
After the conventional method for manufacturing the bimetallic sliding bearing is subjected to jostling and analysis, the research and development personnel of the technical scheme summarize the current situation of the traditional method for manufacturing the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing with similar manufacturing process, generally, metal powder is loosely loaded into a die cavity, a punch enters the die cavity, the metal powder is compacted to reach the required density, a pressed green body is removed from the die, and then the next product pressing and forming cycle is carried out; the method mainly comprises the steps of manufacturing a die, filling powder, pressing, high-temperature sintering, oil immersion and the like to form one process, or the steps of finishing the process to form another process, or sequentially performing heat treatment and oil immersion on the high-temperature sintering to form another process. In a word, no matter what kind of characteristics each of the three processes has, the manufactured product has poor bearing capacity and is easy to crack when being applied to a heavy-load occasion, has poor deformation resistance and easy edge cracking when being applied to a swing occasion, and particularly has poor toughness, large brittleness and poor impact resistance after being subjected to heat treatment.
The above analysis of common defects and respective disadvantages of the similar technologies shows that the sliding bearing applied to the field of powder metallurgy cannot be optimized and innovated only from a single direction of mechanical construction or raw materials, and the research direction also includes the combination tightness between the inner layer and the outer layer of the sliding bearing, the forming density of the inner layer powder and the uniformity of the inner layer powder layer.
The present invention provides a method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling, which comprises combining a steel sleeve with different core rods used in different procedures during the production process, namely, firstly using a core rod with steps to improve the powder loading amount so as to apply low-temperature sintering to strengthen the solid-phase diffusion between powder particles, then applying radial pressure to a rotary core rod which rotates non-coaxially with the steel sleeve to apply force to a powder region to improve the powder molding density, and simultaneously improving the powder molding uniformity and the bonding tightness between the powder inner layer and the outer layer steel sleeve of the sliding bearing, and finally performing high-temperature sintering to ensure the service performance, service life and the like of the product, And the application range is greatly improved. As can be seen from the production experience of actual investment, the technical scheme provided by the invention can at least alleviate, partially solve or completely solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by using a radial rolling way, which comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a core rod with steps to match and improve the powder loading amount so as to apply low-temperature sintering to strengthen solid-phase diffusion among powder particles, then applying radial pressure to a core rod which rotates non-coaxially to stress a powder region so as to improve the powder forming density and uniformity, and simultaneously strengthening the combination tightness between a powder inner layer and an outer layer steel sleeve of the sliding bearing, so that after high-temperature sintering, the bearing capacity, the impact resistance, the service life and the applicability of a product can be improved, the cost can be favorably reduced, and the hidden danger of environmental pollution can be overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling mode adopts an inner diameter through hole steel sleeve or an inner diameter step steel sleeve for die assembly, and manufactures the bimetallic sliding bearing used in the field of powder metallurgy according to corresponding steps, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, a stepped core rod is arranged in a through hole of a steel sleeve for core assembly, a cavity for filling powder metallurgy materials is formed between the outer wall surface of the stepped core rod and the inner wall surface of the steel sleeve, and the stepped core rod and the steel sleeve are respectively kept in a static state;
II, firstly filling the powder metallurgy material into the cavity, and then increasing the powder filling amount in a vibration or knocking mode, wherein the end part of the core rod with the step is provided with the step part and is blocked at one end of the steel sleeve in a closed mode, so that the filling density of the powder metallurgy material filled in the area adjacent to the one end is increased;
III, entering a low-temperature sintering link, preliminarily combining powder particles of the powder metallurgy material through solid phase diffusion to form a powder layer, and taking out the core rod with the step;
inserting a rotary core rod which is not coaxial with the steel sleeve into the through hole of the steel sleeve, enabling the rotary core rod and the steel sleeve to be in a relative rotation or rolling state, and applying a radial pressure to the rotary core rod under the state to enable the rotary core rod to radially roll the powder layer, so that the powder area is stressed, meanwhile, the powder forming density and the forming uniformity are improved, and the tightness of the combination of the powder layer and the steel sleeve is strengthened;
v, taking out the rotating core rod from the through hole of the steel sleeve;
VI, sintering the bearing product sequentially subjected to the manufacturing steps at high temperature to form the bimetallic sliding bearing.
Through the technical solutions implemented above, on the basis of the same conception, a skilled person can adopt corresponding technical means to form a corresponding technical solution additionally, and the technical means include:
wherein, the rotary core rod or the steel sleeve rotates independently or the rotary core rod and the steel sleeve rotate reversely at the same time;
wherein the sintering temperature in the step VI is not lower than the sintering temperature of III;
wherein, the wall thickness of the powder layer formed by filling the powder metallurgy material is not less than the wall thickness of the powder layer after pressing;
wherein, after the powder layer is rolled by the rotating core rod, most of the powder or particles generate radial displacement.
Furthermore, the skilled person may also prefer materials in connection with different application requirements, such as:
the adopted rotary core rod is made of metal materials, has certain hardness after heat treatment, and is selected to be HRC 40-75 degrees.
For another example: the bimetallic sliding bearing produced by the method comprises an outer steel sleeve and a powder metallurgy inner layer, wherein the metallographic structure of the outer steel sleeve is ferrite under the condition of no heat treatment, and the powder metallurgy inner layer is ferrite, pearlite or cementite;
on the contrary, after the heat treatment, the steel jacket of the outer layer is in a martensite structure, and the powder metallurgy inner layer is in a martensite or bainite structure.
As another example, the powder or granular material of the powder layer contains one or more elements having a melting point lower than that of iron.
In the production step, a core rod with steps is used for matching to improve the powder loading amount in the production process so as to apply low-temperature sintering to strengthen solid phase diffusion among powder particles; and then, the powder area is stressed by applying radial pressure to the non-coaxial rotating core rod, the mode not only improves the powder forming density, but also improves the powder forming uniformity compared with the mode of pressing the core rod downwards because the core rod rotates and applies pressure to the powder area of the steel sleeve rotating reversely, and the rolling pressure applying mode also strengthens the combination tightness between the powder inner layer and the outer layer steel sleeve of the sliding bearing.
In addition, when the method or the method is combined with some expanding technical means to carry out production practice, the method is favorable for producing the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing without obvious density deviation and over length, producing the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing with high strength and impact resistance, producing the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing under the heavy load condition, producing the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing with lower production cost and producing the powder metallurgy bimetal sliding bearing with stronger bonding force between a steel layer and a powder layer.
Drawings
The invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawing.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention, and the related products produced by the manufacturing method can be applied to straight sleeve state;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention, which produces a related product applicable to a flange sleeve state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the state of the assembly of the inner diameter through hole steel bushing and the stepped mandrel in combination according to the method for manufacturing the bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state of assembling a stepped steel sleeve and a stepped mandrel in combination in a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a powder-charged state in a manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state of low-temperature sintering in a furnace in a manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state where a stepped mandrel is removed in the manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a state in which radial pressure is applied to a rotary mandrel in a state in which the rotary mandrel and a steel sleeve are not coaxial and relatively rotated after the rotary mandrel is incorporated in the manufacturing method of the bimetallic sliding bearing by the radial rolling method according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a state in which a rotating mandrel is removed and then sintered at a high temperature in a furnace in the manufacturing method of the bimetallic sliding bearing by the radial rolling method according to the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a powder metallurgy inner layer; 101. an outer steel sleeve;
1. steel jacket;
2. a powder layer;
3. a stepped mandrel; 301. a step portion;
4. a cavity;
5. a steel sleeve with an inner diameter step;
6. rotating the core rod;
7. a void region.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention relates to a manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling way, and aims to solve the problems that various conventional sliding bearing manufacturing processes can not simultaneously ensure the powder loading amount, the powder forming density, the forming uniformity and the bonding tightness between a bearing shaft sleeve and an inner powder material layer, so that the manufactured product is exposed in application and has various performance disadvantages, including poor bearing capacity and easy cracking in heavy-load occasions, poor deformation resistance and easy cracking at the edges in swinging occasions, poor toughness, high brittleness and poor impact resistance after heat treatment.
According to the technical scheme, the steel sleeve and different core rods adopted in different working procedures are combined to perform corresponding sintering operation, so that the improvement on the internal performance of the bearing is developed, and the corresponding technical problem is finally solved. In addition, different schemes can be selected according to design requirements by adopting equipment, the size of a steel sleeve, the material proportion of a powder layer and the like, and the technical scheme of the invention is mainly characterized in that technical means formed after different core rods are added into a production process are utilized, so that the equipment model matching, the component size selection and the like are not improved compared with the conventional technical means, and the equipment can be increased or decreased according to requirements. Obviously, the technical solution of the present invention does not involve selecting what type of model to match, what size to use, and other corresponding technical and conventional means, and those skilled in the art know that it is necessary to additionally refer to some conventional technical means as long as the process of the technical solution of the present invention can be implemented, and those skilled in the art can combine actual design requirements; of course, not limited to the selection of device model, component size, etc. Therefore, the technical solution implemented by the present invention is actually a sliding bearing manufacturing method that can be referred and implemented by those skilled in the art by combining with conventional technical means, and those skilled in the art can actually obtain a series of advantages brought by the manufacturing process formed in the present application by performing actual application and testing according to different application conditions and design requirements, and these advantages will be gradually reflected in the following analysis of the system structure.
The manufacturing method for producing the bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing the radial rolling manner implemented by the technical scheme of the invention is obviously different from the production process of the traditional powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing in specific implementation, but is a newly researched production process for producing the bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing the radial rolling manner, and the specific technical means are detailed in the implementation steps as follows:
as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the manufacturing method of the bimetallic sliding bearing by the radial rolling method according to the present invention comprises the steps of firstly installing the stepped mandrel 3 into the through hole of the steel sleeve 1, thereby combining the steel sleeve 1 and the stepped mandrel 3, wherein the steel sleeve 1 structure is adopted for embodying the steel sleeve 1 structure, wherein the inner diameter through hole steel sleeve (i.e. steel sleeve 1) shown in FIG. 3 and the inner diameter stepped steel sleeve 5 shown in FIG. 4 are listed, wherein the joint of the end of the inner diameter stepped steel sleeve 5 has a stepped structure, therefore, the assembling mode state of the inner diameter through hole steel sleeve 1 and the stepped mandrel 3 and the assembling mode of the inner diameter stepped steel sleeve 5 and the stepped mandrel 3 are formed in sequence in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the subsequent production steps are consistent regardless of the assembling mode, and a ring for installing the powder metallurgy material is formed between the outer wall surface of the stepped mandrel 3 and the inner wall surface of the through hole steel sleeve 1 (or the inner diameter stepped steel sleeve 5) A cavity 4 is formed.
As shown in fig. 5-7, the manufacturing method of the bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention comprises the steps of loading the powder metallurgy material into the annular cavity 4 between the steel sleeve 1 and the stepped mandrel 3, and then increasing the powder loading by vibration, knocking and the like, and it is important to point out that the research and development personnel use the stepped mandrel 3 in this step because, when the powder metallurgy material is loaded, the powder metallurgy material is generally loaded from one end of the steel sleeve 1 to the other end along the annular cavity 4 (from top to bottom in the direction shown in the figure), because the step part 301 at the end of the stepped mandrel 3 can form a closed type block at one end of the steel sleeve 1, the loading amount of the powder metallurgy material in the area adjacent to the step part 301 can be ensured and is beneficial to increase the density, obviously, if the stepped mandrel 3 is not used, the block of the step part 301 is absent, the filling amount of one end of the steel sleeve 1 cannot be ensured, and if the filling amount of the powder metallurgy material in the area adjacent to the end cannot be ensured, the bearing product finally produced after the subsequent production steps has poor deformation resistance on the whole, and at least the edge part is easy to crack.
Correspondingly, while ensuring the powder loading and the end part filling amount in the steps, the sintering furnace or other corresponding sintering equipment enters a low-temperature sintering link to enable the powder particles to be preliminarily combined through solid-phase diffusion to form a powder layer 2, and after the whole core rod 3 is cooled, the core rod with the steps is taken out.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the manufacturing method of the present invention for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling comprises the steps of inserting a rotating mandrel 6 which is not coaxial with the steel sleeve 1 after the stepped mandrel 3 is taken out from the low-temperature sintering step, wherein the outer diameter of the rotating mandrel 6 is smaller than the bearing bore diameter (i.e. is equivalent to the inner diameter of the powder layer 2), and a certain gap area 7 is left between the outer wall surface of the rotating mandrel 6 and the outer surface of the powder layer 2;
further, in the non-coaxial state, the rotating mandrel 6 and the steel sleeve 1 can be rotated or rolled relatively by using a corresponding external device, for example, the rotating mandrel 6 shown in fig. 8 can be rotated or rolled counterclockwise, the steel sleeve 1 can be rotated or rolled clockwise, during the rotation or rolling process, a radial pressure F is further applied to the rotating mandrel 6 by using the external device, and the rotating mandrel 6 further applies a radial rolling on the powder layer 2, so that the powder region is stressed, because the rotating mandrel 6 also applies a pressure to the powder layer 2 while rotating, and the mode of applying a pressure in a face-to-face manner (i.e. the outer wall of the rotating mandrel 6 faces the outer surface of the powder layer 2) is adopted, compared with the mode of pressing the mandrel downwards, the rolling pressing mode not only improves the powder forming density, but also improves the uniformity of powder forming, and also strengthens the bonding tightness between the powder inner layer and the outer steel sleeve of the sliding bearing, after high-temperature sintering, the bearing capacity, the impact resistance, the service life and the applicability of the product can be improved, the cost is reduced, and the hidden danger of environmental pollution is overcome.
Accordingly, the skilled person can arrange the rotating mandrel 6 or the steel jacket 1 to rotate or roll either individually or simultaneously, depending on the different equipment used or the production requirements.
Accordingly, continuing with the above steps, the technician removes the rotating mandrel 6 and subjects the product to high temperature sintering at the corresponding temperature.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in the manufacturing method for producing the bimetallic sliding bearing by using the radial rolling manner, according to different service performance requirements, an implementer can perform conventional means such as oil immersion, finishing and shaping, heat treatment, subsequent processing and the like on a sintered product to form a product structure applied to a straight sleeve, a flange sleeve and the like and comprising a powder metallurgy inner layer 100 and an outer layer steel sleeve 101, and the practical application shows that the service performance of the whole product is improved and the service life is prolonged.
In the manufacturing method for producing the bimetallic sliding bearing by using the radial rolling manner, the designer can summarize the corresponding steps adopted by the method, and the method also comprises the following characteristics:
firstly, the adopted core rod 3 with steps is coaxially arranged with the steel sleeve 1 or the powder layer 2 in a static state; for the adopted rotary core rod 6, the rotary core rod and the steel sleeve 1 or the powder layer 2 are arranged in a non-coaxial manner, and radial pressure is generated on the powder layer 2 while the rotary core rod rotates or rolls relatively;
secondly, if the corresponding procedure of adopting the stepped core rod 3 is adopted as the first forming, and the corresponding procedure of adopting the rotating core rod 6 is adopted as the second forming, the rotating core rod 6 adopted by the second forming can be made of metal materials, and the metal materials are subjected to heat treatment, so that certain hardness is achieved, and the HRC 40-75 degrees are preferably selected above HRC15 degrees; the wall thickness of the powder layer (or the particle layer) formed in the first forming is not less than that of the wall thickness formed in the second forming; for the second molding, the powder or particles are mostly radially displaced.
Further, for the two-time sintering, the second-time sintering temperature is at least not lower than the first-time sintering temperature.
The technicians can also apply corresponding technical means by combining with actual requirements, the periphery of the product produced by the method is the outer steel sleeve 101, the inner layer is the powder metallurgy inner layer 100, when the product is not subjected to heat treatment, the metallographic structure of the outer steel sleeve 101 is ferrite, and the powder metallurgy inner layer 100 is ferrite, pearlite and cementite; if the product is subjected to heat treatment (such as high-temperature quenching and carburizing and nitriding quenching), the outer steel sleeve 101 is in a martensite structure, and the powder metallurgy inner layer 100 is in a martensite and bainite structure; in addition, the powder or granular material contains one or more elements having a melting point lower than that of iron, such as copper, tin, bismuth, antimony, and the like.
The above manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by radial rolling according to the present invention, which is applied after practical production, can at least alleviate, partially solve or completely solve the problems, and comprises the following steps: the problems of poor bearing capacity, poor impact resistance and short service life of the powder metallurgy oil-retaining bearing in the heavy load field are solved; the problems of poor bearing capacity and short service life of the bimetallic sliding bearing in the heavy load field are solved; the bimetallic sliding bearing is easy to deform under the impact condition and has short service life; the problem that graphite, molybdenum disulfide and other antifriction materials cannot be added or are excessively added to the bimetallic sliding bearing by using the centrifugal casting method; the bimetallic sliding bearing can not increase the strength and the wear resistance and prolong the service life by means of heat treatment and the like; in addition, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the use or excessive use of the noble metal, the nonferrous metal and the rare metal in the bimetallic sliding bearing material can be avoided or reduced, the problem of overhigh cost caused by the use or excessive use of the noble metal, the nonferrous metal and the rare metal in the bimetallic sliding bearing material can be avoided or reduced, and the problem that the bimetallic sliding bearing cannot be applied on a large scale due to the unstable manufacturing process can be solved.
Other corresponding technical features implemented by the invention for assisting the implementation of the technical solution can be implemented correspondingly or improved on the basis of the existing conventional technical means by a skilled person, for example, the selected external force application device and the like, and further details of other related technical means are not described herein.
In the description herein, the appearances of the phrases "embodiment one," "this embodiment," "specific implementation," and the like in this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example, but rather to the same embodiment or example. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example; furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "connect", "mount", "fix", "set", "have", and the like are used in a broad sense, for example, the "connect" may be a fixed connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components without affecting the relationship and technical effects of the components, or may be an integral connection or a partial connection, as in this case, for a person skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the embodiments, and it is to be understood that various modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and that the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments, and modifications to the following cases should be included within the scope of the present disclosure: firstly, a new technical scheme implemented on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention and combined with the prior common knowledge, for example, the technical scheme is formed by utilizing a core rod with steps and a rotating core rod to improve the forming density and the forming uniformity, and the technical effect generated by the new technical scheme is not beyond the technical effect of the invention; equivalent replacement of part of the characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by adopting the known technology produces the same technical effect as the invention, for example, equivalent replacement is carried out on conventional production equipment, devices and the like used in the process; expanding on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, wherein the substantial content of the expanded technical scheme does not exceed the technical scheme of the invention; and fourthly, applying the obtained technical means to other schemes in other related technical fields by using equivalent transformation carried out by the text description content or the drawings of the specification.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method for producing a bimetallic sliding bearing by utilizing a radial rolling mode adopts an inner diameter through hole steel sleeve or an inner diameter step steel sleeve for die assembly, and manufactures the bimetallic sliding bearing used in the field of powder metallurgy according to corresponding steps, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, a stepped core rod is arranged in a through hole of a steel sleeve for core assembly, a cavity for filling powder metallurgy materials is formed between the outer wall surface of the stepped core rod and the inner wall surface of the steel sleeve, and the stepped core rod and the steel sleeve are respectively kept in a static state;
II, firstly filling the powder metallurgy material into the cavity, and then increasing the powder filling amount in a vibration or knocking mode, wherein the end part of the core rod with the step is provided with a step part and is blocked at one end of the steel sleeve in a closed mode, so that the filling density of the powder metallurgy material filled in the area adjacent to the one end is increased;
III, entering a low-temperature sintering link, preliminarily combining powder particles of the powder metallurgy material through solid phase diffusion to form a powder layer, and taking out the core rod with the step;
IV, inserting a rotating core rod which is not coaxial with the steel sleeve into the through hole of the steel sleeve, enabling the rotating core rod and the steel sleeve to be in a relative rotation or rolling state, and applying a radial pressure to the rotating core rod to enable the rotating core rod to roll a powder layer under the state, so that a powder area is stressed, and therefore the powder forming density, the powder layer forming uniformity and the tightness of combination of the reinforced powder layer and the steel sleeve are improved;
v, taking out the rotary mandril from the through hole of the steel sleeve;
VI, sintering the bearing product sequentially subjected to the manufacturing steps at high temperature to form the bimetallic sliding bearing.
2. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating mandrel or the steel sleeve rotate independently or the two rotate reversely at the same time.
3. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1, wherein: and the sintering temperature of the step VI is not lower than the sintering temperature of III.
4. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 2, wherein: the wall thickness of the powder layer formed by filling the powder metallurgy material is not less than the wall thickness of the powder layer after pressing.
5. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing using a radial rolling manner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: after the powder layer is rolled by the rotating core rod, most of the powder or particles are radially displaced.
6. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 5, wherein: the rotary core rod is made of a metal material, has certain hardness after being subjected to heat treatment, and is selected to be HRC 40-75 degrees.
7. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1, wherein: the bimetallic sliding bearing produced by the method comprises an outer steel sleeve and a powder metallurgy inner layer, wherein the metallographic structure of the outer steel sleeve is ferrite under the condition of no heat treatment, and the powder metallurgy inner layer is ferrite, pearlite or cementite.
8. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: the bimetallic sliding bearing produced by the method comprises an outer steel sleeve and a powder metallurgy inner layer, wherein the outer steel sleeve is in a martensite structure after heat treatment, and the powder metallurgy inner layer is in a martensite or bainite structure.
9. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1, wherein: the powder or granular material of the powder layer contains one or more elements having a melting point lower than that of iron.
10. The manufacturing method for producing a bimetal sliding bearing by radial rolling according to claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises the step of shaping or heat treatment after high-temperature sintering.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022193752A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-09-22 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Bushing manufacturing method, bushing, and excavator |
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Application publication date: 20210615 |