CN112941126A - Method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate - Google Patents

Method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate Download PDF

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CN112941126A
CN112941126A CN202110353996.4A CN202110353996A CN112941126A CN 112941126 A CN112941126 A CN 112941126A CN 202110353996 A CN202110353996 A CN 202110353996A CN 112941126 A CN112941126 A CN 112941126A
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邱建国
梁玉龙
谢杰华
翁庆水
林宜明
钟由源
邓超
郑俊华
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Fujian Glanny Bio-Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate, which comprises the following steps: s1, adding methanol and lipase into the non-soybean deodorized distillate to perform esterification reaction; s2, carrying out cold separation on the esterification product and filtering to obtain sterol; s3, carrying out three-stage molecular distillation on the filtrate obtained in the step S2 to obtain a primary vitamin E extract with the content of 10-27 wt%; s4, performing four-stage high vacuum rectification on the primary vitamin E extract distilled in the step S3 as a raw material to obtain the soybean vitamin E by rectification. The method realizes extraction of soybean vitamin E from non-soybean plants, and has low cost and wide application prospect.

Description

Method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate, belonging to the technical field of deodorized distillate treatment.
Background
The deodorized distillate is vegetable oil leftover produced in the production and refining process of corn oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil and other food oil. Deodorized distillates contain a large amount of useful components. Such as squalene, sterols, vitamin e (ve), and the like. Wherein the VE content is 2-8 wt% (wherein the alpha VE accounts for 20-35 wt%); the sterol content is 2-8 wt%; the acid value is 100 to 140 mgKOH/g. In practice, one usually extracts vitamin E from deodorized distillates.
Soy vitamin E is vitamin E extracted from soybeans, and contains about 10 wt% alpha VE, about 1.5 wt% beta VE, about 60 wt% gamma VE, and about 26 wt% delta VE, and has an extremely high nutritional value. Soy vitamin E is typically extracted directly from soybeans or from soybean deodorizer distillates. However, soybeans are widely used, and the source of soybeans for extracting soybean vitamin E is limited, resulting in high production cost of soybean vitamin E. If the soybean vitamin E can be extracted from other plants, the method has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate, which can effectively solve the problems.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorized distillate comprises the following steps:
s1, adding methanol and lipase into the non-soybean deodorized distillate to perform esterification reaction;
s2, carrying out cold separation on the esterification product and filtering to obtain sterol;
s3, carrying out three-stage molecular distillation on the filtrate obtained in the step S2 to obtain a primary vitamin E extract with the content of 10-27 wt%;
s4, performing four-stage high vacuum rectification on the primary vitamin E extract distilled in the step S3 as a raw material to obtain the soybean vitamin E by rectification.
As a further improvement, the non-soy deodorized distillate is selected from the group consisting of rapeseed deodorized distillate, peanut deodorized distillate, sunflower seed deodorized distillate, palm deodorized distillate.
In a further improvement, the addition amount of the lipase is 0.5-1 wt% of the deodorized distillate, and the addition amount of the methanol is 10-15 wt% of the deodorized distillate.
As a further improvement, the reaction temperature of the esterification reaction is 30-50 ℃, the reaction time is 6-12 h, and the reaction pH is 6.8-7.2.
As a further improvement, the operation of cold separation is that the temperature is reduced by 2 ℃ per hour, the mixture is slowly stirred, and after the temperature is reduced to 8-10 ℃, the heat is preserved and the crystal is grown for 7.5-8.5 hours.
As a further improvement, the film scraping temperature of the three-stage molecular distillation is 90-130 ℃; the primary temperature is 100-175 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 120 Pa; the secondary temperature is 100-155 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa; the three-stage temperature is 200-250 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa.
As a further improvement, the vacuum degree of the high vacuum rectification is not more than 10 Pa; the primary temperature is 200 +/-2 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw materials; the secondary temperature is 210-225 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw materials; the third-stage temperature is 225-240 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 8-12 wt% of the raw materials; the fourth-stage temperature is 245-260 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 30-40 wt% of the raw materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the four-stage distillate component of the four-stage high vacuum rectification contains about 50 wt% of VE, wherein the content of alpha VE is about 10%, beta VE is about 1.7 wt%, gamma VE is about 60 wt%, delta VE is about 26 wt%, and the four-stage distillate component is equivalent to soybean VE, so that the extraction of soybean vitamin E from non-soybean plants is realized, and the four-stage high vacuum rectification method has wide application prospect. In addition, the invention has the important significance that the deodorization distillate with fixed acid value can be prepared, and each parameter can be accurately controlled, so that the deodorization distillate can be produced and applied in large scale, and different deodorization distillates from different regions or manufacturers do not need to be tested, and the optimal production parameter is determined, so that the time can be greatly saved, and the deodorization distillate can be widely applied to different deodorization distillates from different regions or manufacturers.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process for extracting soy vitamin E from deodorized distillates as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorized distillate, including the steps of:
s1, adding methanol and lipase into the non-soybean deodorized distillate to carry out esterification reaction.
S2, carrying out cold separation on the esterification product, and filtering to obtain the sterol.
S3, carrying out three-stage molecular distillation on the filtrate obtained in the step S2 to obtain a primary vitamin E extract with the content of 10-27 wt%.
S4, performing four-stage high vacuum rectification on the primary vitamin E extract distilled in the step S3 as a raw material to obtain the soybean vitamin E by rectification.
As a further improvement, the non-soy deodorizer distillate is selected from corn deodorizer distillate, rapeseed deodorizer distillate, peanut deodorizer distillate, sunflower seed deodorizer distillate, palm deodorizer distillate. In step S1, since the acid value of the non-soybean deodorized distillate from different regions or manufacturers is different, it is further necessary to measure the acid value of the same kind of non-soybean deodorized distillate during the actual production process, and mix and compound the same according to the actually measured value, so as to form the non-soybean deodorized distillate with a fixed acid value, which is beneficial for the subsequent processing. Preferably, the non-soybean deodorized distillate is selected from corn deodorized distillate with acid value of 125-135, rapeseed deodorized distillate, peanut deodorized distillate, sunflower seed deodorized distillate and palm deodorized distillate. In one embodiment, the deodorized distillate is selected from corn oil deodorized distillate with acid value of about 125; in another embodiment, the distillate is selected from rapeseed oil deodorized distillate with acid value of about 130.
In a further improvement, the addition amount of the lipase is 0.5-1 wt% of the deodorized distillate, the addition amount of the methanol is 10-15 wt% of the deodorized distillate, the reaction temperature of the esterification reaction is 30-50 ℃, the reaction time is 6-12 h, and the reaction pH is 6.8-7.2. The esterification reaction can convert fatty acid into fatty acid methyl ester, reduce the boiling point and facilitate the separation from VE during the subsequent molecular distillation.
As a further improvement, the cold separation operation is that the temperature is reduced by 2 ℃ per hour, the mixture is slowly stirred, and after the temperature is reduced to 8-10 ℃, the heat is preserved and the crystal is grown for 7.5-8.5 hours, so that the operation can effectively carry out cold separation on the sterol.
As a further improvement, the film scraping temperature of the three-stage molecular distillation is 90-130 ℃; the primary temperature is 100-175 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 120 Pa; the secondary temperature is 100-155 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa; the three-stage temperature is 200-250 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa.
As a further improvement, the vacuum degree of the high vacuum rectification is not more than 10 Pa. The primary temperature is 200 +/-2 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw materials. The secondary temperature is 210-225 ℃, the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw material, and the squalene content in the distillate is 70-80 wt%. The third temperature is 225-240 ℃, the distillate accounts for 8-12 wt% of the raw material, the VE content in the distillate is 20-30 wt%, and the alpha VE content is 1 wt%. The temperature of the fourth stage is 245-260 ℃, the distillate accounts for 30-40 wt% of the raw material, the VE content in the distillate reaches about 50 wt%, wherein the alpha VE content is about 12 wt%, and the value is high, which is equivalent to that of the soybean VE extracted after the soybean oil is subjected to esterification, cold separation and molecular distillation.
The vitamin E in the embodiment of the invention is measured by a method of national standard GB 1886.233-2016.
Example 1
1. Esterification: adopting corn oil deodorized distillate, the indexes are as follows: acid value 125.32, VE content 3.26 wt% (wherein. alpha. VE accounts for 25.17 wt%), sterol content 3.54 wt%, squalene content 2.52 wt%; carrying out lipase-catalyzed esterification reaction, adding 5000Kg of deodorized distillate, 60Kg of 16 wt% NaOH aqueous solution, adding 200Kg of methanol, stirring for 20 minutes, keeping the temperature at 30-50 ℃, and adding 25Kg of lipase; after reacting for 2 hours, adding 200Kg of methanol; continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding 200Kg of methanol, and detecting the acid value after 2 hours, wherein the acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g, and the reaction is finished; if the acid value is more than 5mgKOH/g, the reaction is continued until the acid value is less than 5 mgKOH/g. The process is to convert fatty acids to fatty acid methyl esters, lower the boiling point, and facilitate separation from VE during subsequent molecular distillation.
2. Cold separation: after the esterification reaction is finished, transferring the mixture to a cold separation kettle, slowly cooling the mixture at a cooling speed of 2 ℃/h, slowly stirring the mixture, cooling the mixture to 8-10 ℃, keeping the temperature, growing the crystals for 8 hours, and performing plate-and-frame filter pressing. This process is for the extraction of phytosterols.
3. Molecular distillation: carrying out molecular distillation on the filtrate subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing, wherein the molecular distillation parameters are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003003000290000061
Figure BDA0003003000290000071
4. The VE primary extract (650Kg, total VE content 23.51 wt%) distilled out of the three stages of molecular distillation was used as the starting material for high vacuum rectification with the parameters as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003003000290000072
(1) And rectifying the primary VE extract containing 23.51 wt% VE in a rectifying tower at the system pressure of 9pa and the temperature of 200 +/-2 ℃, and collecting 85Kg of front fraction without VE.
(2) And continuously rectifying the mixture at the system pressure of 9pa and the temperature of 215 +/-2 ℃, and collecting 65Kg of crude squalene, wherein the VE content is 1.05 wt% and the squalene content is 76.8 wt%.
(3) And continuously rectifying when the system pressure is 9pa and the temperature is 230 +/-2 ℃, and collecting 80Kg of component (low VE crude product I) containing 25.26 percent of VE, wherein the content of alpha VE is 1.01 percent by weight.
(4) Continuously rectifying when the system pressure is 9pa and the temperature is 250 +/-2 ℃, and collecting 200Kg of component (50VE crude product) containing 50.68 percent VE, wherein the content of alpha VE is 10.33 percent by weight; beta VE1.75wt%, gamma VE61.26wt%, delta VE26.66wt%.
The process parameters of molecular distillation and high vacuum distillation in example 1 are most suitable for corn oil deodorizer distillate with acid value of 125.32, which can produce vitamin E with content of soybean vitamin E closest to that of soybean vitamin E, thus can replace the existing soybean vitamin E. In addition, through a large number of comparative tests, the change of acid value, the change of temperature and the system pressure can cause the final produced vitamin E component to have larger difference with the soybean vitamin E. Therefore, the important significance of the invention is that the corn oil deodorized distillate with the fixed acid value of 125.32 can be prepared, and each parameter can be accurately controlled, so that the corn oil deodorized distillate can be produced and applied on a large scale without testing different corn oil deodorized distillates and determining the optimal test parameter.
Example 2
1. Esterification: adopting rapeseed oil deodorized distillate, the indexes are as follows: acid value 130.15, VE content 3.42 wt%, alpha VE 35.29 wt%, sterol 3.65 wt%, and squalene 3.05 wt%; carrying out lipase catalysis esterification reaction, adding 5000Kg of deodorized distillate, 60Kg of 16 wt% NaOH aqueous solution, adding 200Kg of methanol, stirring for 20 minutes, keeping the temperature at 30-50 ℃, and adding 25Kg of lipase; after reacting for 2 hours, adding 200Kg of methanol; continuously reacting for 2 hours, adding 200Kg of methanol, and detecting the acid value after 2 hours, wherein the acid value is lower than 5mgKOH/g, and the reaction is finished; if the acid value is more than 5mgKOH/g, the reaction is continued until the acid value is less than 5 mgKOH/g. The process is to convert fatty acids to fatty acid methyl esters, lower the boiling point, and facilitate separation from VE during subsequent molecular distillation.
2. Cold separation: after the esterification reaction is finished, transferring the mixture to a cold separation kettle, slowly cooling the mixture at a cooling speed of 2 ℃/h, slowly stirring the mixture, cooling the mixture to 8-10 ℃, keeping the temperature, growing the crystals for 8 hours, and performing plate-and-frame filter pressing. This process is for the extraction of phytosterols.
3. Molecular distillation: and (3) carrying out molecular distillation on the filtrate subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing, wherein the molecular distillation parameters are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0003003000290000091
5. The VE primary extract obtained by three-stage distillation in molecular distillation is used as raw material to carry out high vacuum rectification, and the parameters are shown in the following table 4.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0003003000290000092
1. At a system pressure of 8pa and a temperature of 200 ℃ +/-2 ℃, rectifying the VE primary extract containing 24.61 wt% of VE in a rectifying tower, and collecting 80Kg of front fraction without VE.
2. And (3) continuously rectifying at the system pressure of 8pa and the temperature of 220 +/-2 ℃, and collecting 75Kg of squalene crude product, wherein the VE content is 1.15 wt%, and the squalene content is 72.16 wt%.
3. Under the system pressure of 8pa and the temperature of 235 ℃ +/-2 ℃, continuously rectifying, and collecting 60Kg of component (low VE crude product I) containing 25.36 percent of VE, wherein the content of alpha-VE is 1.52 percent by weight.
4. Under the system pressure of 8pa and the temperature of 255 ℃ +/-2 ℃, continuously rectifying, and collecting 220Kg of component (50VE crude product) containing 50.85% VE, wherein the alpha-VE content is 10.51 wt%, beta VE1.78wt%, gamma VE61.35wt% and delta VE26.90wt%.
The technological parameters of molecular distillation and high vacuum distillation in example 2 are most suitable for rapeseed oil deodorized distillate with acid value of 130.15, which can produce vitamin E with content of soybean vitamin E closest to that of soybean vitamin E, thus being capable of replacing the existing soybean vitamin E. Of course, the composition of vitamin E in example 1 is closer to soy vitamin E than the vitamin composition in example 2 from a practical parameter point of view. In addition, the rapeseed oil deodorized distillate with the fixed acid value of 130.15 is prepared, and each parameter is accurately controlled, so that the rapeseed oil deodorized distillate can be produced and applied in a large scale without testing different rapeseed oil deodorized distillates and determining the optimal test parameters.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for extracting soybean vitamin E from non-soybean deodorized distillate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding methanol and lipase into the non-soybean deodorized distillate to perform esterification reaction;
s2, carrying out cold separation on the esterification product and filtering to obtain sterol;
s3, carrying out three-stage molecular distillation on the filtrate obtained in the step S2 to obtain a primary vitamin E extract with the content of 10-27 wt%;
s4, performing four-stage high vacuum rectification on the primary vitamin E extract distilled in the step S3 as a raw material to obtain the soybean vitamin E by rectification.
2. The method of extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorized distillate according to claim 1, characterized in that said non-soybean deodorized distillate is selected from corn deodorized distillate, rapeseed deodorized distillate, peanut deodorized distillate, sunflower seed deodorized distillate, palm deodorized distillate.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the lipase is added in an amount of 0.5-1 wt% and the methanol is added in an amount of 10-15 wt% based on the deodorized distillate.
4. The method for extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorized distillate according to claim 1, characterized in that the esterification reaction is carried out at 30-50 ℃ for 6-12 h and at a pH of 6.8-7.2.
5. The method for extracting the soybean vitamin E from the deodorized distillate according to claim 1, wherein the cold separation is performed by reducing the temperature to 2 ℃ per hour, slowly stirring, reducing the temperature to 8-10 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation and crystal growth for 7.5-8.5 hours.
6. The method for extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorized distillate according to claim 1, characterized in that the wiped film temperature of the three-stage molecular distillation is 90-130 ℃; the primary temperature is 100-175 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 120 Pa; the secondary temperature is 100-155 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa; the three-stage temperature is 200-250 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa.
7. The method of extracting soybean vitamin E from deodorizer distillate of claim 1 characterized in that the vacuum degree of said high vacuum distillation is not more than 10 Pa; the primary temperature is 200 +/-2 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw materials; the secondary temperature is 210-225 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 10-15 wt% of the raw materials; the third-stage temperature is 225-240 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 8-12 wt% of the raw materials; the fourth-stage temperature is 245-260 ℃, and the distillate accounts for 30-40 wt% of the raw materials.
8. The method of extracting soy vitamin E from deodorized distillates according to claim 1, characterized in that said non-soy deodorized distillates are selected from corn oil deodorized distillates having acid value of 125.32;
the film scraping temperature of the three-stage molecular distillation is 90-130 ℃; the first-stage temperature is 170 +/-2 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 120 Pa; the secondary temperature is 150 +/-2 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa; the third-stage temperature is 230 +/-2 ℃, and the vacuum degree is not more than 30 Pa;
the vacuum degree of the high vacuum rectification is 9 Pa; the primary temperature is 200 +/-2 ℃; the secondary temperature is 215 +/-2 ℃; the third-stage temperature is 230 +/-2 ℃; the quaternary temperature is 250 +/-2 ℃.
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