CN112931365A - Energy-saving breeding box and self-purification ecological breeding system - Google Patents
Energy-saving breeding box and self-purification ecological breeding system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving breeding box and a self-purification ecological breeding system, and belongs to the technical field of breeding. The breeding box comprises a breeding tank, a breeding sewage tank, a purification tank and a purification sewage tank which are sequentially partitioned from front to back by a front blocking net sheet, a middle partition sheet and a rear blocking net sheet; a guide cylinder is arranged at the front side of the culture tank along the vertical direction, an aeration water lifting structure is arranged at the bottom of the guide cylinder and is used as a water inlet of the culture tank, and the top of the guide cylinder is communicated with an inlet at the upper part of the front side of the culture tank; the front part of the culture tank is provided with a water lifting guide plate, and the lower part of the water lifting guide plate is provided with a lower blocking net; aeration pipes are uniformly distributed in the purification tank; the upper parts of the breeding sewage discharge groove and the purifying sewage discharge groove are both provided with sewage discharge guide plates along the vertical direction, the bottoms of the breeding sewage discharge groove and the purifying sewage discharge groove are both provided with sewage discharge pipes, and the upper part of the rear side of the purifying sewage discharge groove is provided with an outlet with an upper blocking net as a water outlet of the breeding box. The invention combines the technologies of running water culture, biological floating bed purification, fish self-purification, fish mixed culture, cash crop planting, culture box with pollution discharge function and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, particularly relates to an energy-saving cultivation box and a self-purification ecological cultivation system, and particularly relates to a cultivation box made of cloth, a matched system of the cultivation box and a corresponding cultivation method.
Background
Cultivation refers to the cultivation and propagation of animals and plants. The cultivation includes livestock cultivation, poultry cultivation, aquaculture, special cultivation and the like.
China is the first aquaculture kingdom in the world, both in terms of aquaculture yield and in terms of aquaculture scale. However, most of the aquaculture farmers in China aim at pursuing yield and short-term economic benefits, the aquaculture density is too high, and the environmental awareness is slight, so that the aquaculture diseases are aggravated year by year. Meanwhile, most of the breeding businesses in China are cultured in still water, and a large amount of organic matters such as fish and shrimp excrement, residual bait and the like are deposited at the bottom of water due to high-density breeding. In the season of vigorous culture, the heterotrophic microorganisms are propagated in large quantity due to high temperature, organic matters are decomposed, and a large amount of harmful substances such as ammonia, nitrite and the like are released, so that the growth and development of fishes and shrimps are influenced, and diseases of the fishes and shrimps are caused.
Physical and chemical methods for purifying aquaculture water have various disadvantages, and microbial communities in natural water are not enough to decompose organic loads in an aquaculture pond, so that a new environment-friendly aquaculture water environment purification method needs to be found.
In recent years, bioremediation techniques in the field of environmental engineering have been applied to pollution control in the environment of aquaculture waters, including the removal of excess N, P-containing organic baits from water bodies with fungi and algae. Among them, the study of fungi has mostly focused on domestication, immobilization and application of beneficial microorganisms, particularly PSB. For example, in Chinese patent CN1461734 method for restoring aquaculture environment by using microcapsule probiotic water-purifying compound bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and other strains are cultured by a combined fermentation process, freeze-dried, treated by microcapsules and then put into water or added into feed, so as to restore the water; CN1340613 immobilization method of bioremediation-effect bacteria for aquaculture environment provides a technology of taking zeolite as an immobilization carrier, mixing the effect bacteria and the zeolite into a solid product, and putting the solid product into an aquaculture pond, thereby remedying the aquaculture environment; CN 1245151A microorganism treatment system for improving water quality of aquaculture pond comprises enrichment culture method of photosynthetic bacteria and aerobic bacteria, domestication culture method of mixed bacteria hanging membrane, selection of filler and arrangement of biological filter tower. In the aspect of phytoremediation, the aquatic plants are mainly used for inhibiting the release of N, P in the sediment, absorbing excessive nutrient substances and influencing the growth of planktonic algae through resource competition. But the biological purification of the prior aquaculture water body is more microbial purification and is not applied to the purification of aquatic plants.
The method is limited by biological characteristics, and the currently common aquaculture water biological purification method has many limitations, namely firstly, microorganisms which are main groups of biological purification cannot degrade all pollutants in the water, and the insolubility and the biodegradability of the pollutants influence the biological purification effect; secondly, when the concentration of the pollutants in the water body is too low to meet the requirement of microbial degradation, the microbial purification cannot exert the normal efficiency; thirdly, the plant biomass for water body restoration is too small to meet the water body purification requirement of large-area pollution. For the culture water body with serious pollution or combined pollution, the ideal effect is often difficult to achieve by a single bioremediation technology. Different bioremediation technologies are effectively combined to form a combined bioremediation technology, so that the aims of degrading and removing pollutants can be more effectively achieved.
In a word, the aquaculture water body is rich in N, P, and also contains excessive bait, prawn excrement, algae, aquatic plants and other biological remains, so that the existing single means or products such as microbial flocculants, enzyme preparations, microbial water quality modifiers, biological floating beds and the like cannot meet the requirement of aquaculture water body purification.
In order to solve the above problems, patent application No. CN201710219826.0 discloses a circulating ecological aquaculture system, which comprises a pond, a partition wall dividing the pond into a water inlet area and a water outlet area along the front-back direction, at least one buoyancy tank arranged on the partition wall along the front-back direction, and a plurality of partition walls arranged in the pond along the front-back direction. The left side and the right side of the partition wall are respectively provided with a buoyancy tank and a partition wall gap, and the buoyancy tank and the partition wall gap communicate the water inlet area with the water outlet area; the water inlet area is provided with at least one water inlet partition in the front-back direction, and the water inlet partition is provided with a notch for water flow to pass through; go out the pool and lie in between flotation tank and the partition wall breach along the front and back to being equipped with the multichannel and go out the water wall and divide into many irrigation canals and ditches that set up side by side with going out the pool, be the submerged pasture and water district in the irrigation canals and ditches, the breach crisscross setting that supplies water to flow through on the adjacent play water wall makes rivers be snakelike flow in the play pool, the breach setting on partition wall breach and the wall or not setting up biological floating bed. The floating boxes are arranged side by side in the left and right direction, a cloth baffle wall for preventing water backflow is arranged behind the water outlet of each floating box, each cloth baffle wall comprises a floating frame, a cloth groove hung at the front part of the floating frame and a sewage collecting groove arranged at the rear part of the floating frame, and a guide cylinder is arranged on the front side of each cloth groove in the vertical direction; the bottom of the guide cylinder is provided with an aeration water lifting structure, and the top of the guide cylinder is communicated with a water inlet at the upper part of the front side of the cloth groove; cloth groove 7 front portion and rear portion are equipped with preceding guide plate and back guide plate respectively along vertical direction and separate the cloth groove for three chamber, filter screen and back filter screen before preceding guide plate and back guide plate bottom are equipped with respectively, the cloth groove bottom just is located and is equipped with the structure that rolls of aerifing that prevents the filth deposit between back guide plate and the cloth groove rear side, cloth groove rear side top is equipped with the delivery port, the adjacent rear in cloth groove just is located the delivery port below and is equipped with an album dirt groove, album dirt groove is located between cloth groove 7 and the cloth baffle wall, album dirt groove top is equipped with the blowdown guide plate along vertical direction, cloth baffle wall upper portion is equipped with the isolation filter screen. The invention provides a self-cleaning circulating ecological breeding system by combining the technologies of live water breeding, biological floating beds, biological purification, floating boxes with a sewage discharge function and the like.
However, the applicant has found that this system suffers from five problems:
(1) the water flow discharged from the floating box contains a large amount of phytoplankton and zooplankton, so that a large amount of nutrient substances in the water body can be consumed, the transparency, the oxygen content and the like of the water body can be reduced, and the water body can be eutrophicated due to the death of the phytoplankton and the zooplankton;
(2) in order to ensure the cleanness of the water body, the buoyancy tank accounts for 8-12% of the water surface, so that the economic benefit is low;
(3) the sewage collecting tank has poor treatment effect on sundries such as tiny excrement and the like, so that the effluent of the floating box is turbid;
(4) submerged aquatic weeds are inconvenient to control and manage;
(5) in order to ensure the water quality, the puffed feed is generally adopted for feeding, but the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a self-purification circulating ecological culture system which combines the technologies of live water culture, biological floating bed purification, fish self-purification, fish mixed culture, cash crop planting, culture tanks with a sewage discharge function and the like, can improve the water quality and the survival rate of the fish and has good economic benefit. The technical scheme is as follows:
on one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides an energy-saving breeding box and a self-purification ecological breeding system, the breeding box comprises a breeding tank 6, a breeding sewage discharge tank 7, a purification tank 8 and a purification sewage discharge tank 9 which are sequentially partitioned from front to back by a front blocking net piece 10, a middle blocking piece 11 and a rear blocking net piece 12, wherein the bottom of the breeding sewage discharge tank 7 and the bottom of the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are respectively provided with at least one V-shaped groove along the left-right direction, and the bottom of each V-shaped groove is provided with a sewage discharge pipe 21; the sewage discharge pipes 21 of the culture sewage discharge tank 7 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are connected with a sewage discharge treatment system through pipelines; the upper part of the middle spacer 11 is provided with a filter screen 18; a guide cylinder 13 is arranged on the front side of the culture tank 6 along the vertical direction, an aeration water lifting structure 14 serving as a water inlet of the culture tank is arranged at the bottom of the guide cylinder 13, and the top of the aeration water lifting structure is communicated with an inlet 15 at the upper part of the front side of the culture tank 6; the front part of the culture tank 6 is provided with a water lifting guide plate 16, and the lower part of the water lifting guide plate 16 is provided with a lower blocking net 17; aeration pipes 26 are uniformly distributed in the purifying tank 8; the upper parts of the breeding sewage discharge tank 7 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are both provided with a sewage discharge guide plate 20 along the vertical direction, the bottoms of the breeding sewage discharge tank and the purification sewage discharge tank are both provided with a sewage discharge pipe 21, and the upper part of the rear side of the purification sewage discharge tank 9 is provided with an outlet with an upper blocking net 19 as a water outlet of the breeding box;
the invention also provides an energy-saving culture box and a self-purification ecological culture system, the system comprises a pond 1, a partition wall 2 for dividing the pond 1 into a water inlet area and a water outlet area along the front-back direction, a plurality of partition walls 3 arranged in the pond 1 along the front-back direction and culture boxes 4 arranged on the partition wall 2 along the front-back direction, the left side and the right side of the partition wall 2 are respectively provided with a culture box 4 and a partition wall gap, the water inlet area is communicated with the water outlet area through the culture boxes 4 and the partition wall gaps, and the culture boxes 4 are arranged in parallel in the same direction and are arranged in the pond 1 through a floating frame or a bracket; partition 3 will breed the area separation outside the case 4 for many canals and ditches that set up side by side, be equipped with biological floating bed 5 in the irrigation canals and ditches, the crisscross setting of breach that supplies rivers to pass through on the adjacent partition 3 makes rivers be snakelike the water inlet that flows back to breed case 4 from the delivery port of breeding case 4, and the top in pond (1) is equipped with signboard (27) and solar cell panel (28).
Specifically, the widths of the culture tank 6, the culture sewage discharge tank 7, the purification tank 8 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 in the embodiment of the present invention are all 4-20m, the depths of the culture tank 6, the culture sewage discharge tank 7, the purification tank 8 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are all 1.5-2.8 m, the length of the culture tank 6 is 10-20 m, the length of the purification tank 8 is 8-30 m, the lengths of the culture sewage discharge tank 7 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are all 1.5-2.5 m, the distance between the water extraction guide plate 16 and the front side of the culture tank 6 is 0.4-0.6 m, the heights of the lower barrier net 17, the filter net 18 and the upper barrier net 19 are all 0.5-0.8 m, and the pore diameters of the front barrier net 10, the rear barrier net 12, the lower barrier net 17, the filter net 18 and the upper barrier net 19 are all 1-3 cm.
Wherein, the aeration pipe 26 in the embodiment of the invention is arranged at the bottom of the purifying tank 8, the aeration pipe 260.4-0.7 m/m 3 is arranged in the purifying tank 8, and the aperture of the aeration pipe 26 is 2 cm.
Wherein, the total area of the biological floating bed 5 in the embodiment of the invention accounts for 15-25% of the water surface of the pond 1.
Wherein the total area of the culture tanks 6 in the embodiment of the invention accounts for 5-10% of the water surface of the pond 1; the volume of the purifying tank 8 in the same culture box 4 is 0.8-1.5 times of the volume of the culture tank 6.
The biological floating bed 5 in the embodiment of the invention is arranged between two adjacent partitions 3 in the left-right direction, and comprises four upright posts 23 which are arranged at the bottom of the pond 1 in the vertical direction and are arranged in a rectangular shape, multiple layers of net sheets 24 which are arranged on the upright posts 23 in a sliding manner, and water spinach 25 planted on the net sheets 24, wherein the upright posts 23 are arranged close to the partitions 3, the net sheet 24 at the lowest layer is arranged at the bottom of the pond 1, the water spinach 25 on the net sheet 24 at the uppermost layer is picked and sold, and the row spacing of the water spinach 25 is 15-25cm and 15-25 cm.
The breeding box and the self-purification ecological breeding system provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) the phytoplankton, zooplankton, micro-impurities and the like discharged from the culture tank are treated by the purifying tank, so that the water quality is improved, and the economic benefit is also improved;
(2) the fish is cultured in a running water mode, the water quality is good, the eutrophication of the water body is avoided, the cultured fish is good in quality and not easy to get ill;
(3) a special biological floating bed is adopted, so that the management and the control are convenient, and additional economic benefits can be generated;
(4) the water quality is ensured through the cooperation of various modes;
(5) on the premise of ensuring the water quality, the conventional pellet feed can be adopted for feeding, and the feed cost can be saved by 600 yuan/ton and 1000 yuan/ton.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cultivation box provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-cleaning ecological culture system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological floating bed provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment 1 provides an energy-saving cultivation box and a self-purification ecological cultivation system, the cultivation box is a rectangular groove structure surrounded by cloth and fixed by a floating frame or a bracket, and is arranged along the front-back direction, and specifically comprises a cultivation tank 6, a cultivation sewage discharge tank 7, a purification tank 8, a purification sewage discharge tank 9 and the like, which are sequentially separated from front to back by a front blocking net 10, a middle blocking piece 11 and a rear blocking piece 12, wherein the front blocking net 10, the middle blocking piece 11 and the rear blocking piece 12 are all arranged along the vertical direction, and the front blocking net 10 and the rear blocking piece 12 are respectively used for preventing fish in the cultivation tank 6 and the purification tank 8 from swimming out; the upper portion of well spacer 11 is equipped with filter screen 18, and the lower part is the cloth piece for prevent that the fish from purifying 8 trip to go into breed blowdown groove 7 and prevent that large granule impurity from getting into and purifying 8 groove. Wherein, the front side of the culture tank 6 is provided with a guide cylinder 13 along the vertical direction, the bottom of the guide cylinder 13 is provided with an aeration water lifting structure 14 as a water inlet of the culture tank, and the top of the aeration water lifting structure is communicated with an inlet 15 at the upper part of the front side of the culture tank 6; the structure of the device can be described in the patent with the application number of CN201710219826.0, the front part of the culture tank 6 is provided with a water lifting guide plate 16, the upper part of the water lifting guide plate 16 is a cloth piece, the lower part is provided with a lower barrier net 17, and the lower barrier net is separated from the culture tank 6 by a proper distance, so that oxygen-containing running water can enter from the bottom of the culture tank 6, and fish can be prevented from entering the aeration water lifting structure 14. Aeration pipes 26 are uniformly distributed in the purification tank 8 for aerating the purification tank 8. The upper parts of the breeding sewage draining groove 7 and the purifying sewage draining groove 9 are both provided with a sewage draining guide plate 20 along the vertical direction, and the bottom parts of the breeding sewage draining groove and the purifying sewage draining groove are both provided with a sewage draining pipe 21; specifically, the drainage guide plate 20 is disposed at the middle of the corresponding drainage tank, and the structure thereof can be referred to as described in patent application No. CN 201710219826.0. The lower part of the rear side of the purifying and sewage draining groove 9 is sealed by a cloth piece, the upper part of the purifying and sewage draining groove is provided with an outlet with an upper blocking net 19 as a water outlet of the breeding box, and the upper blocking net 19 is used for preventing impurities such as fish dung and the like from flowing out.
Wherein, the upside of the breeding groove 6, the breeding pollution discharge groove 7, the purifying groove 8 and the purifying pollution discharge groove 9 is about 0.5 meter higher than the water surface (cloth pieces or gauze), which not only can prevent the fish from going out of the breeding box, but also can reduce the aging speed of the cloth groove.
Referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the culture sewage tank 7 and the bottom of the purification sewage tank 9 in the embodiment of the invention are both provided with at least one V-shaped groove along the left-right direction, the bottom of the V-shaped groove is provided with a sewage discharge pipe 21, and the sewage discharge pipe 21 is provided with a sewage discharge hole upwards; the structure of the device can be described in patent with application number CN 201710219826.0. The sewage discharge pipes 21 of the breeding sewage discharge tank 7 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are connected with a sewage discharge treatment system through pipelines for treating sewage discharge in a centralized manner.
Specifically, the widths (left and right directions and back directions) of the culture tank 6, the culture sewage discharge tank 7, the purification tank 8 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are the same and are all 4-20m, the depths of the culture tank 6, the culture sewage discharge tank 7, the purification tank 8 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are the same and are all 1.5-2.8 m, the length (front and back directions) of the culture tank 6 is 10-20 m, the length of the purification tank 8 is 8-30 m, the lengths of the culture sewage discharge tank 7 and the purification sewage discharge tank 9 are all 1.5-2.5 m, the distance between the water lifting guide plate 16 and the front side of the culture tank 6 is 0.4-0.6 m, the heights of the lower barrier net 17, the filter net 18 and the upper barrier net 19 are all 0.5-0.8 m, and the pore diameters of the front barrier net 10, the rear barrier net 12, the lower barrier net 17, the filter net 18 and the upper barrier net 19 are all 1-3 cm. Further, the apertures of the front net 10, the rear net 12 and the lower net 17 may be slightly larger, and the apertures of the screen 18 and the upper net 19 may be slightly smaller.
Further, if the cultivation boxes are fixed by floating frames, an air-filled bag 22 is provided at the bottom of the cultivation tank 6 and the purification tank 8, and the structure thereof can be referred to the description in the patent application No. CN 201710219826.0.
Wherein, the aeration pipe 26 in the embodiment of the invention is arranged at the bottom of the purifying tank 8, the aeration pipe 260.4-0.7 m/m 3 is arranged in the purifying tank 8, and the aperture of the aeration pipe 26 is 2 cm. Of course, the aeration pipe 26 may be provided in the culture tank 6 as needed, and the amount of the aeration pipe 26 may be 1/3-1/2 that is the amount of the purification tank 8.
The embodiment discloses an energy-saving breeding box, which is convenient to manufacture and low in cost as the main raw material of the breeding box is cloth; meanwhile, the culture box limits the water flow direction and the sewage discharge flow direction and divides the culture box into a culture tank and a purification tank, wherein the fish moves in top water in the culture tank, but is not limited in the purification tank; phytoplankton, zooplankton, micro-impurities and the like output by the culture tank are treated by polyculturing filter-feeding fishes and omnivorous fishes in the purification tank, and a sewage discharge system is respectively arranged to ensure the water quality.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, embodiment 2 provides an energy-saving aquaculture tank and a self-purification ecological aquaculture system, the system includes a pond 1, partition walls 2 (the material may be cloth) dividing the pond 1 into a water inlet area and a water outlet area along the front-back direction, a plurality of partitions 3 (the material may be cloth) arranged in the pond 1 along the front-back direction, and at least one aquaculture tank 4 provided in embodiment 1 arranged on the partition walls 2 along the front-back direction, wherein the left and right sides of the partition walls 2 are respectively provided with aquaculture tanks 4 (the partition walls 2 are correspondingly provided with openings) and partition wall gaps, the aquaculture tanks 4 and the partition wall gaps communicate the water inlet area and the water outlet area to form a loop, the aquaculture tanks 4 are arranged side by side in the same direction (front-back direction) and are arranged in the pond 1 through a floating frame or a support, in general, a floating frame is adopted for the pond 1 with a water depth greater than 2 m; the pond 1 partition and the floating frame can be described in the patent with the application number of CN201710219826.0, and the support is a stainless steel frame vertically arranged in the pond 1. The partition 3 divides the area outside the culture box 4 in the pond 1 into a plurality of ditches which are arranged side by side, and a gap for water flow to pass through is arranged between the partition 3 and the side of the pond 1 or the partition wall 2; specifically, the water inlet area is provided with a plurality of partitions 3 for dividing the water inlet area into a plurality of ditches arranged side by side, the water outlet area is provided with a plurality of partitions 3 (the number of the partitions is larger than that of the water inlet area) for dividing the water outlet area into a plurality of ditches arranged side by side, and the ditches at the tail end of the water outlet area are communicated with the ditches at the initial end of the water inlet area and can be communicated at the gaps of the. Be equipped with biological bed 5 that floats in the irrigation canals and ditches, the area that the biological bed that floats in the water outlet zone is big than the area that the biological bed that floats in the water inlet zone, the crisscross setting of breach that supplies rivers to pass through on the adjacent wall 3 makes rivers be snakelike the water inlet that flows back to breed case 4 from the delivery port of breeding case 4, the top in pond 1 is equipped with signboard 27 and solar cell panel 28, write some warning words through signboard 27, remind the passerby of crossing, collect solar energy through solar cell panel 28, reach energy-conserving effect.
Wherein, the total area of the biological floating bed 5 in the embodiment of the invention accounts for 15-25% of the water surface of the pond 1 so as to ensure the water purification effect. Specifically, the area of the biological floating bed in the water outlet area accounts for 10-18% of the water surface of the pond 1, and the area of the biological floating bed in the water inlet area accounts for 5-7% of the water surface of the pond 1.
Wherein the total area of the culture tanks 6 in the embodiment of the invention accounts for 5-10% of the water surface of the pond 1 so as to balance the ecology of the whole pond 1; the volume of the purifying tank 8 in the same breeding box 4 is 0.8-1.5 times of the volume of the breeding tank 6 so as to ensure that the purifying tank 8 can purify phytoplankton, zooplankton, micro-impurities and the like output by the breeding tank 6.
Referring to fig. 3, the biological floating bed 5 in the embodiment of the present invention is disposed between two adjacent partitions 3 in the left-right direction, and includes four vertical columns 23 disposed at the bottom of the pond 1 in the vertical direction and arranged in a rectangular shape, multiple layers of net sheets 24 (rectangular polyvinyl chloride net sheets, horizontally disposed) slidably disposed on the vertical columns 23, and swamp cabbage 25 planted on the net sheets 24 (of course, other aquatic plants may be used as required, and it is verified that the swamp cabbage has a good purification effect and significant economic benefit), the net sheets 24 may slide up and down along the vertical columns 23, the vertical columns 23 are disposed near the partitions 3 or the sides of the pond 1, the net sheet 24 at the lowermost layer is disposed at the bottom of the pond 1, the swamp cabbage 25 on the net sheet 24 at the uppermost layer extends out of the water surface to be picked up and sold, and the row spacing of the. Specifically, the manufacturing process of the biological floating bed 5 is as follows: a polyvinyl chloride net sheet with two meshes is transversely paved on the upper part of the ditch partitioned by the partition 3. The net width is 2m, two ends of two sides of the net sheet are tied into a sleeve by using ropes to penetrate through the two ends of the net sheet, four bamboo poles (upright columns 23) are vertically inserted by the cloth wall, the ropes are sleeved on the bamboo poles to fix the net sheet, the net sheet can move up and down, and then the water spinach branches are inserted on the net sheet, wherein the row spacing is 20 x 20 cm. When the length of the water spinach is 25cm, adding a layer of net sheet on the upper part, wherein the specification is consistent with that of the first layer, sleeving the small rope lacing lines on two bamboo poles at two ends, then, stretching the net line by the bamboo poles at intervals of 1m, keeping the width of the net sheet to be 2m, and pressing the net to be 5cm above the water surface by small brick blocks. And when the water spinach grows out of the net by 20cm, pressing the water spinach to the position where the water spinach core is exposed to the water surface by 5cm by using bricks, continuously growing the water spinach, and continuously adding the bricks and the net piece until the bottom of the water spinach is pressed to the bottom of the pool. The water spinach grows to about 30cm, is picked and sold, and is filtered by a water spinach biological bed, absorbs the surplus nutrient substances in the water and purifies the water body.
The self-purification ecological culture system provided by the invention combines the technologies of live water culture, biological floating bed purification, fish self-purification, fish polyculture, cash crop planting, culture box with pollution discharge function and the like; specifically, phytoplankton, zooplankton and tiny impurities output by the culture tank are treated by polyculturing filter feeding fishes and omnivorous fishes in the purification tank, and a sewage discharge system is respectively arranged to ensure the water quality, and the system can improve the water quality by combining with a special biological floating bed, improves the survival rate of the fishes, and has good economic benefit.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 provides a breeding method, the method adopts the self-purification ecological breeding system provided in embodiment 2 to breed, 100-fish 200/m 3 with eating quality are bred in the breeding tank 6, the conventional feed is adopted for feeding, and the expanded feed or the pellet feed can be adopted, and the breeding mode is according to the conventional method; culturing filter feeding fish 120-180 tails/m 3 and omnivorous fish 40-60 tails/m 3 in the purifying tank 8, wherein the purifying tank 8 feeds no more, but feeds on phytoplankton, zooplankton, tiny feces and the like flowing out of the culturing tank 6; the length of each fish is preferably above 10cm to prevent passage or catching on the various net structures of the habitat. In addition, only under the proportion, the quality of the whole water body can be ensured, the normal growth of the fishes in the culture tank 6 and the purification tank 8 can be ensured, and the dynamic balance is realized. The edible fish can be common fish which takes feed as food, such as tilapia and the like; the filter feeding fish can be silver carp, bighead carp and the like; the fish may be crucian. Comparing the culture system provided by the embodiment with the system provided by the application number CN201710219826.0 in the English mountain, and measuring the water quality under similar hydrology and culture conditions; the test group adopts the method (sampling culture tank 6) of the invention, the control group adopts a system (sampling buoyancy tank) of CN201710219826.0, the sampling is carried out once every 5-10 days, the adjustment is carried out according to the weather condition, and the annual average transparency and dissolved oxygen are calculated; wherein, the water body of the control group in part of time period is dark green, and the water body of the test group in all time periods is light green; the data for the experimental groups were: 6.8mg/L of dissolved oxygen and 37 of transparency; the data for the control group were: 5.3mg/L of dissolved oxygen and 42 percent of transparency. In addition, when the pond is cleaned at the bottom of the year, the weight of the experimental group (only in the culture tank 6) is 7.7 percent of that of the control group; for the benefit of the whole pond, the experimental group is improved by 30-34% compared with the control group (the fish is calculated according to the market price at that time, and the water spinach is calculated by half of the market price at that season).
The data show that the culture mode can obviously improve the water quality and has better economic benefit.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving breeding box and a self-purification ecological breeding system are characterized by comprising a breeding tank (6), a breeding sewage tank (7), a purification tank (8) and a purification sewage tank (9) which are sequentially separated from front to back by a front blocking net piece (10), a middle partition piece (11) and a back blocking net piece (12), wherein the upper part of the middle partition piece (11) is provided with a filter screen (18), the bottoms of the breeding sewage tank (7) and the purification sewage tank (9) are respectively provided with at least one V-shaped groove along the left-right direction, and the bottoms of the V-shaped grooves are provided with a sewage discharge pipe (21); the sewage discharge pipes (21) of the breeding sewage discharge tank (7) and the purification sewage discharge tank (9) are connected with a sewage discharge treatment system through pipelines;
a guide cylinder (13) is arranged on the front side of the culture tank (6) along the vertical direction, an aeration water lifting structure (14) is arranged at the bottom of the guide cylinder (13) and is used as a water inlet of the culture tank, and the top of the aeration water lifting structure is communicated with an inlet (15) on the upper part of the front side of the culture tank (6); a water lifting guide plate (16) is arranged at the front part of the culture tank (6), and a lower blocking net (17) is arranged at the lower part of the water lifting guide plate (16); aeration pipes (26) are uniformly distributed in the purification tank (8); the upper parts of the breeding sewage draining groove (7) and the purifying sewage draining groove (9) are both provided with a sewage draining guide plate (20) along the vertical direction, the bottoms of the breeding sewage draining groove and the purifying sewage draining groove are both provided with sewage draining pipes (21), and the upper part of the rear side of the purifying sewage draining groove (9) is provided with an outlet with an upper blocking net (19) as a water outlet of the breeding box;
the water-saving aquaculture pond comprises a pond (1), a partition wall (2) for partitioning the pond (1) into a water inlet area and a water outlet area along the front-back direction, a plurality of partitions (3) arranged in the pond (1) along the front-back direction and aquaculture tanks (4) arranged on the partition wall (2) along the front-back direction, wherein the aquaculture tanks (4) and partition wall gaps are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the partition wall (2), the aquaculture tanks (4) and the partition wall gaps are used for communicating the water inlet area with the water outlet area, and the aquaculture tanks (4) are arranged side by side in the same direction and are arranged in the pond (1) through a floating frame or a; partition (3) will breed the area separation outside case (4) and be many the irrigation canals and ditches that set up side by side, be equipped with biological floating bed (5) in the irrigation canals and ditches, adjacent partition (3) are gone up the breach crisscross setting that supplies rivers to pass through and are snakelike the water inlet that flows back to breed case (4) from the delivery port of breeding case (4), and the top in pond (1) is equipped with signboard (27) and solar cell panel (28).
2. The energy-saving cultivating box and self-purifying ecological cultivating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the cultivating tank (6), cultivating sewage draining tank (7), purifying tank (8) and purifying sewage draining tank (9) is 4-20m, the depth of the cultivating tank (6), cultivating sewage draining tank (7), purifying tank (8) and purifying sewage draining tank (9) is 1.5-2.8 m, the length of the cultivating tank (6) is 10-20 m, the length of the purifying tank (8) is 8-30 m, the length of the cultivating sewage draining tank (7) and purifying sewage draining tank (9) is 1.5-2.5 m, the distance between the water-lifting guide plate (16) and the front side of the cultivating tank (6) is 0.4-0.6 m, the height of the lower barrier net (17), the filter screen (18) and the upper barrier net (19) is 0.5-0.8 m, the aperture of the front blocking net piece (10), the aperture of the rear blocking net piece (12), the aperture of the lower blocking net (17), the aperture of the filter screen (18) and the aperture of the upper blocking net (19) are all 1-3 cm.
3. The energy-saving cultivation box and self-purification ecological cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aeration pipe (26) is disposed at the bottom of the purification tank (8), said purification tank (8) is provided with 0.4-0.7 m/m 3 of aeration pipe (26), and the aperture of said aeration pipe (26) is 2 cm.
4. The energy-saving cultivation box and self-purification ecological cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total area of the biological floating bed (5) accounts for 15-25% of the water surface of the pond (1).
5. The energy-saving cultivation box and self-purification ecological cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total area of the cultivation tanks (6) accounts for 5-10% of the water surface of the pond (1); the volume of the purification tank (8) in the same culture box (4) is 0.8-1.5 times of the volume of the culture tank (6).
6. The energy-saving aquaculture tank and the self-purification ecological aquaculture system of claim 1, wherein the biological floating bed (5) is arranged between two adjacent partitions (3) in the left-right direction, and comprises four upright posts (23) which are arranged at the bottom of the pond (1) in the vertical direction and are arranged in a rectangular shape, multiple layers of net sheets (24) which are arranged on the upright posts (23) in a sliding manner, and water spinach (25) planted on the net sheets (24), wherein the upright posts (23) are arranged close to the partitions (3), the net sheet (24) at the lowest layer is arranged at the bottom of the pond (1), the water spinach (25) on the net sheet (24) at the uppermost layer is picked and sold, and the row spacing of the water spinach (25) is 15-25 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911263688.1A CN112931365A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Energy-saving breeding box and self-purification ecological breeding system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911263688.1A CN112931365A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Energy-saving breeding box and self-purification ecological breeding system |
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| CN112931365A true CN112931365A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| CN201911263688.1A Withdrawn CN112931365A (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Energy-saving breeding box and self-purification ecological breeding system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117981708A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-07 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent fishery cultivation system with complementary fishery photovoltaics |
-
2019
- 2019-12-11 CN CN201911263688.1A patent/CN112931365A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117981708A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-07 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent fishery cultivation system with complementary fishery photovoltaics |
| CN117981708B (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-06-11 | 江苏龙腾工程设计股份有限公司 | Intelligent fishery cultivation system with complementary fishery photovoltaics |
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