CN112931050A - Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112931050A CN112931050A CN202110255359.3A CN202110255359A CN112931050A CN 112931050 A CN112931050 A CN 112931050A CN 202110255359 A CN202110255359 A CN 202110255359A CN 112931050 A CN112931050 A CN 112931050A
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- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[2-(benzenesulfonyl)ethyl]-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl]-1h-indole Chemical compound CN1CCCC1CC(C1=C2)=CNC1=CC=C2CCS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000234623 Coprinus comatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004439 Coprinus comatus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 240000006499 Flammulina velutipes Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016640 Flammulina velutipes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000222336 Ganoderma Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000588 Hericium erinaceus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007328 Hericium erinaceus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000252132 Pleurotus eryngii Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001681 Pleurotus eryngii Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to an edible fungus culture medium. The edible fungus culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-85 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of edible fungus residues, 0.8-1.2 parts of growth promoters, 3-5 parts of peat soil, 2-5 parts of pine sawdust, 3-5 parts of cane sugar, 0.5-1 part of quicklime powder and 0.3-0.5 part of fermentation inoculants. The invention also provides a preparation method of the edible fungus culture medium, which comprises the following steps: s1) batching: s2) primary fermentation: s3) carrying out secondary fermentation; s4) subpackaging: s5) high-temperature sterilization: s6) inoculation: s7). Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the edible fungus culture medium, solves the problems of long formation time and low efficiency of the edible fungus culture medium, and enables the planted edible fungus to realize high yield and excellent quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to an edible fungus culture medium and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The edible fungi refers to edible mushrooms with large fruiting bodies, and are collectively called mushrooms. The edible fungi not only has delicious taste, but also has rich nutrition, contains rich protein, amino acid, vitamin, mineral elements and the like, becomes one of main foods for consumers at home and abroad, and greatly enriches the material life of people.
The culture medium of edible fungi is also called as culture material and culture medium. The nutrient, water and pH value required by the growth and development of the edible fungi meet the requirements. As a medium for pure culture, it is necessary to strictly sterilize and maintain the sterile state. The culture medium can be divided into 3 types of natural culture medium, semi-synthetic culture medium and synthetic culture medium according to the components, in the manufacturing process of the edible fungus culture medium, natural fermentation is adopted, the formation time of the medium is long, various nutrient substances need to be absorbed, the existing medium raw materials are not easy to obtain, and the wide-range popularization cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the edible fungus culture medium, solves the problems of long formation time and low efficiency of the matrix, and enables the planted edible fungus to realize high yield and excellent quality.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 70-85 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of edible fungus residues, 0.8-1.2 parts of growth promoters, 3-5 parts of peat soil, 2-5 parts of pine sawdust, 3-5 parts of cane sugar, 0.5-1 part of quicklime powder and 0.3-0.5 part of fermentation inoculants.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the edible fungus culture medium, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), blending: uniformly mixing corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine sawdust and cane sugar according to the components and weight parts of the culture medium, crushing the mixture into powder of 50-100 meshes, and adding water; the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 1.1-1.3, adding water, mixing, turning and stirring the raw materials to enable the raw materials to absorb water uniformly, and adding quicklime powder to adjust the pH value to enable the pH value of the prepared culture medium to be 6.5-7.5 to obtain a culture medium mixture;
s2), primary fermentation: adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into the culture medium mixture, uniformly stirring, and then stacking and fermenting; turning the piles for at least three times, and fermenting for 8-10 hours each time;
s3), secondary fermentation; performing secondary fermentation on the fermented mixture, adding a growth promoter, removing harmful bacteria in the raw materials, and keeping beneficial bacteria;
s4), subpackaging: subpackaging the prepared culture medium with strain bags, wherein each bag contains 0.3kg of culture medium, the subpackaged strain bags are full and proper in tightness, and plastic ferrules are added on the strain bags for sealing;
s5), high-temperature sterilization: sterilizing the prepared strain bags by high-temperature steam at 115-120 ℃ under 0.1-0.2 Mpa for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling the strain bags in a room for later use after sterilization;
s6), inoculation: opening a sealing cover of the sterilized strain bag in an inoculation box, and inoculating the activated edible fungus agent on the prepared culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 1-5% v/m;
s7), culturing: and (3) placing the inoculated strain bags in a dark room at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ for culturing hyphae, cleaning and removing impurities after 7 days of hyphae culture, filling the bags with hyphae after 25-30 days of hyphae culture, and maturing the strains to obtain the solid strains.
Preferably, the fermentation microbial inoculum is a compound microbial strain consisting of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and bacillus aceticus.
The concentration ratio of each strain is 3:2:2:1:1.5:1:1, and the concentration of each strain is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the growth promoter is one or more of naphthylacetic acid, auxin and chlormequat chloride.
And in the step S1, the water content of the culture medium mixture is 60-65%.
In the step S7, the humidity of the air in the darkroom is 60-85%.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an edible fungus culture medium, which solves the problems of long formation time and low efficiency of a matrix, and enables planted edible fungi to achieve high yield and excellent quality.
The growth promoter is added, so that the nutritional composition of the substrate is improved, the biotransformation rate is increased, the edible fungi grow more quickly, the requirement on the growth of the edible fungi is met, meanwhile, the fermentation microbial inoculum is added to perform secondary fermentation, the process of fermenting the culture substrate is shortened, the growth of edible fungi hyphae is promoted, mixed fungi are inhibited in the hyphae growth process, the pollution rate is high, the edible fungi are put into production quickly, and the efficiency is high. The culture medium is prepared by selecting and using corncobs, edible fungus dregs, peat soil, pine wood dust, cane sugar and the like in reasonable proportion for mixed fermentation, the nutrition is comprehensive and balanced, the culture medium can meet the nutrition required by the whole process of strain growth, other fertilizers do not need to be applied, the edible fungus is convenient to absorb, the corncob powder and the peat soil provide a carbon source for the edible fungus, the pine wood dust provides stearic acid, the added fungus dregs are crude fiber biomass subjected to microbial conversion, and the fertilizer efficiency is uniformly dispersed. Under the combined action of the components, the growth cycle of edible fungus cultivated species is shortened, the edible fungus species can be rapidly bred, the strain coverage rate is high, the strain activity is strong, and the disease resistance is good. The edible fungus culture medium has strong universality and is suitable for the cultivation of most wood rot type edible fungi, such as mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, lucid ganoderma, pleurotus eryngii, hericium erinaceus, flammulina velutipes, coprinus comatus and the like.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An edible fungus culture medium comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75 parts of corncobs, 32 parts of edible fungus residues, 1.1 parts of growth promoters, 4 parts of peat soil, 3 parts of pine sawdust, 4 parts of cane sugar, 0.7 part of quicklime powder and 0.4 part of fermentation inoculants.
The preparation method of the edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), blending: uniformly mixing corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine sawdust and cane sugar according to the components and weight parts of the culture medium, crushing the mixture into powder of 50-100 meshes, and adding water; the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 1.1-1.3, adding water, mixing, turning and stirring the raw materials to enable the raw materials to absorb water uniformly, and adding quicklime powder to adjust the pH value to enable the pH value of the prepared culture medium to be 6.5-7.5 to obtain a culture medium mixture; the water content of the culture medium mixture is 60-65%.
S2), primary fermentation: adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into the culture medium mixture, uniformly stirring, and then stacking and fermenting; turning the piles for at least three times, and fermenting for 9 hours each time; the fermentation microbial inoculum is a compound microbial strain consisting of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and acetobacter, the concentration ratio of each strain is 3:2:2:1:1.5:1:1, and the concentration of each strain is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
S3), secondary fermentation; performing secondary fermentation on the fermented mixture, adding a growth promoter, removing harmful bacteria in the raw materials, and keeping beneficial bacteria; the growth promoter is one or more of naphthylacetic acid, auxin and chlormequat chloride.
S4), subpackaging: subpackaging the prepared culture medium with strain bags, wherein each bag contains 0.3kg of culture medium, the subpackaged strain bags are full and proper in tightness, and plastic ferrules are added on the strain bags for sealing;
s5), high-temperature sterilization: sterilizing the prepared strain bags by high-temperature steam at 115-120 ℃ under 0.1-0.2 Mpa for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling the strain bags in a room for later use after sterilization;
s6), inoculation: opening the sealing cover of the sterilized strain bag in an inoculation box, and inoculating the activated edible fungus agent on the prepared culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 3% v/m;
s7), culturing: and (3) placing the inoculated strain bags in a dark room at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ for culturing hyphae, cleaning and removing impurities after 7 days of hyphae culture, filling the bags with hyphae after 25-30 days of hyphae culture, and maturing the strains to obtain the solid strains. The humidity of the air in the dark room is 60-85%.
The implementation process of the invention is as follows: the growth promoter is added, so that the nutritional composition of the substrate is improved, the biotransformation rate is increased, the edible fungi grow more quickly, the requirement on the growth of the edible fungi is met, meanwhile, the fermentation microbial inoculum is added to perform secondary fermentation, the process of fermenting the culture substrate is shortened, the growth of edible fungi hyphae is promoted, mixed fungi are inhibited in the hyphae growth process, the pollution rate is high, the edible fungi are put into production quickly, and the efficiency is high. The culture medium is prepared by selecting and using corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine wood chips, cane sugar and the like in reasonable proportion for mixed fermentation, the nutrition is comprehensive and balanced, the culture medium can meet the nutrition required by the whole growth process of the strains, other fertilizers do not need to be applied, and the edible fungi can be conveniently absorbed by the edible fungi, wherein the corncob powder and the peat soil provide carbon sources for the edible fungi, the pine wood chips provide stearic acid, the added fungus residues are crude fiber biomass subjected to microbial conversion, insoluble macromolecular compounds contained in the cultivation raw materials are decomposed into simple soluble substances by mycelia, the nutrients absorbed and utilized by the edible fungi can be effectively improved, and moreover, the fungus residues have loose and porous properties and increase the content of organic matters, the formation and conversion of humus and granular groups are promoted, the water retention performance and the fertility of the cultivation base material are improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is uniformly. Under the combined action of the components, the growth cycle of edible fungus cultivated species is shortened, the edible fungus species can be rapidly bred, the strain coverage rate is high, the strain activity is strong, and the disease resistance is good. The edible fungus culture medium has strong universality and is suitable for the cultivation of most wood rot type edible fungi, such as mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, lucid ganoderma, pleurotus eryngii, hericium erinaceus, flammulina velutipes, coprinus comatus and the like.
Example 2
An edible fungus culture medium comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of corncobs, 25 parts of edible fungus residues, 0.8 part of growth promoting agent, 3 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of pine sawdust, 3 parts of cane sugar, 0.5 part of quicklime powder and 0.3 part of fermentation inoculant.
The preparation method of the edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), blending: uniformly mixing corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine sawdust and cane sugar according to the components and weight parts of the culture medium, crushing the mixture into powder of 50-100 meshes, and adding water; the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 1.1-1.3, adding water, mixing, turning and stirring the raw materials to enable the raw materials to absorb water uniformly, and adding quicklime powder to adjust the pH value to enable the pH value of the prepared culture medium to be 6.5-7.5 to obtain a culture medium mixture; the water content of the culture medium mixture is 60-65%.
S2), primary fermentation: adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into the culture medium mixture, uniformly stirring, and then stacking and fermenting; turning the piles for at least three times, and fermenting for 8 hours each time; the fermentation microbial inoculum is a compound microbial strain consisting of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and acetobacter, the concentration ratio of each strain is 3:2:2:1:1.5:1:1, and the concentration of each strain is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
S3), secondary fermentation; performing secondary fermentation on the fermented mixture, adding a growth promoter, removing harmful bacteria in the raw materials, and keeping beneficial bacteria; the growth promoter is one or more of naphthylacetic acid, auxin and chlormequat chloride.
S4), subpackaging: subpackaging the prepared culture medium with strain bags, wherein each bag contains 0.3kg of culture medium, the subpackaged strain bags are full and proper in tightness, and plastic ferrules are added on the strain bags for sealing;
s5), high-temperature sterilization: sterilizing the prepared strain bags by high-temperature steam at 115-120 ℃ under 0.1-0.2 Mpa for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling the strain bags in a room for later use after sterilization;
s6), inoculation: opening the sealing cover of the sterilized strain bag in an inoculation box, and inoculating the activated edible fungus agent on the prepared culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 1% v/m;
s7), culturing: and (3) placing the inoculated strain bags in a dark room at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ for culturing hyphae, cleaning and removing impurities after 7 days of hyphae culture, filling the bags with hyphae after 25-30 days of hyphae culture, and maturing the strains to obtain the solid strains. The humidity of the air in the dark room is 60-85%.
Example 3
An edible fungus culture medium comprises the following components in parts by mass: 85 parts of corncobs, 40 parts of edible fungus residues, 1.2 parts of growth promoters, 5 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of pine sawdust, 5 parts of cane sugar, 1 part of quicklime powder and 0.5 part of fermentation inoculants.
The preparation method of the edible fungus culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), blending: uniformly mixing corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine sawdust and cane sugar according to the components and weight parts of the culture medium, crushing the mixture into powder of 50-100 meshes, and adding water; the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 1.1-1.3, adding water, mixing, turning and stirring the raw materials to enable the raw materials to absorb water uniformly, and adding quicklime powder to adjust the pH value to enable the pH value of the prepared culture medium to be 6.5-7.5 to obtain a culture medium mixture; the water content of the culture medium mixture is 60-65%.
S2), primary fermentation: adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into the culture medium mixture, uniformly stirring, and then stacking and fermenting; turning the piles for at least three times, and fermenting for 10 hours each time; the fermentation microbial inoculum is a compound microbial strain consisting of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and acetobacter, the concentration ratio of each strain is 3:2:2:1:1.5:1:1, and the concentration of each strain is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
S3), secondary fermentation; performing secondary fermentation on the fermented mixture, adding a growth promoter, removing harmful bacteria in the raw materials, and keeping beneficial bacteria; the growth promoter is one or more of naphthylacetic acid, auxin and chlormequat chloride.
S4), subpackaging: subpackaging the prepared culture medium with strain bags, wherein each bag contains 0.3kg of culture medium, the subpackaged strain bags are full and proper in tightness, and plastic ferrules are added on the strain bags for sealing;
s5), high-temperature sterilization: sterilizing the prepared strain bags by high-temperature steam at 115-120 ℃ under 0.1-0.2 Mpa for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling the strain bags in a room for later use after sterilization;
s6), inoculation: opening the sealing cover of the sterilized strain bag in an inoculation box, and inoculating the activated edible fungus agent on the prepared culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 5% v/m;
s7), culturing: and (3) placing the inoculated strain bags in a dark room at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ for culturing hyphae, cleaning and removing impurities after 7 days of hyphae culture, filling the bags with hyphae after 25-30 days of hyphae culture, and maturing the strains to obtain the solid strains. The humidity of the air in the dark room is 60-85%.
Analysis of experiments
Experimental groups: examples 1-3 cultivation of Lentinus edodes on an edible fungus culture medium produced according to the above-described preparation method;
control group: the mushroom is cultivated according to a traditional edible mushroom culture medium (namely, the culture medium is prepared according to the following mass ratio of 50% of sawdust, 36% of cottonseed hulls, 11% of wheat bran, 2% of bentonite and 1% of lime powder), the mushroom is cultivated in an experimental group and a control group by a conventional method in a daily management mode, and the experiment is carried out under the same environment and conditions, so that the following data are obtained:
TABLE 1 Lentinus Edodes growth related data
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the conventional culture medium for cultivating the shiitake mushrooms, the culture medium obtained by the invention has the advantages that the fruiting time is advanced by more than 10 days, the yield is greatly improved by about 30 percent, and the morbidity is greatly reduced. The culture medium can meet the nutrition required in the whole growth process of the strain, and the planted edible fungi have high yield, short period, no plant diseases and insect pests and are green and environment-friendly.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. An edible fungus culture medium is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-85 parts of corncobs, 25-40 parts of edible fungus residues, 0.8-1.2 parts of growth promoters, 3-5 parts of peat soil, 2-5 parts of pine sawdust, 3-5 parts of cane sugar, 0.5-1 part of quicklime powder and 0.3-0.5 part of fermentation inoculants.
2. A method for preparing the edible fungus culture medium based on the claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), blending: uniformly mixing corncobs, edible fungus residues, peat soil, pine sawdust and cane sugar according to the components and weight parts of the culture medium, crushing the mixture into powder of 50-100 meshes, and adding water; the weight ratio of the raw materials to the water is 1: 1.1-1.3, adding water, mixing, turning and stirring the raw materials to enable the raw materials to absorb water uniformly, and adding quicklime powder to adjust the pH value to enable the pH value of the prepared culture medium to be 6.5-7.5 to obtain a culture medium mixture;
s2), primary fermentation: adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into the culture medium mixture, uniformly stirring, and then stacking and fermenting; turning the piles for at least three times, and fermenting for 8-10 hours each time;
s3), secondary fermentation: performing secondary fermentation on the fermented mixture, adding a growth promoter, removing harmful bacteria in the raw materials, and keeping beneficial bacteria;
s4), subpackaging: subpackaging the prepared culture medium with strain bags, wherein each bag contains 0.3kg of culture medium, the subpackaged strain bags are full and proper in tightness, and plastic ferrules are added on the strain bags for sealing;
s5), high-temperature sterilization: sterilizing the prepared strain bags by high-temperature steam at 115-120 ℃ under 0.1-0.2 Mpa for 1-2 h, and naturally cooling the strain bags in a room for later use after sterilization;
s6), inoculation: opening a sealing cover of the sterilized strain bag in an inoculation box, and inoculating the activated edible fungus agent on the prepared culture medium, wherein the inoculation amount is 1-5% v/m;
s7), culturing: and (3) placing the inoculated strain bags in a dark room at the temperature of 18-25 ℃ for culturing hyphae, cleaning and removing impurities after 7 days of hyphae culture, filling the bags with hyphae after 25-30 days of hyphae culture, and maturing the strains to obtain the solid strains.
3. The method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises: the fermentation microbial inoculum is a compound microbial strain consisting of bifidobacterium, lactobacillus, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and bacillus aceticus.
4. The method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises: the concentration ratio of each strain is 3:2:2:1:1.5:1:1, and the concentration of each strain is not less than 0.5 hundred million/g.
5. The method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises: the growth promoter is one or more of naphthylacetic acid, auxin and chlormequat chloride.
6. The method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises: and in the step S1, the water content of the culture medium mixture is 60-65%.
7. The method for preparing a culture medium for edible fungi according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises: in the step S7, the humidity of the air in the darkroom is 60-85%.
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