CN112922606B - Full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for all-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo for III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels - Google Patents
Full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for all-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo for III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-computerized three-arm drill jumbo full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel drilling and blasting construction. The method comprises the following steps: performing advanced geological forecast of the tunnel by using a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo before excavation; the three-arm drill jumbo is put in place, and measurement and paying-off are carried out; positioning and drilling; cleaning holes, charging, and performing full-section smooth blasting construction; checking the risk of the cross section; and (5) performing primary support in time. The construction method provided by the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of advanced geological prediction function, accurate drilling positioning and quick construction of the full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo, can effectively control the damage of smooth blasting to the surrounding rock, so as to fully exert the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, facilitate the control of overbreak and underbreak, save the construction cost, and improve the tunneling efficiency, improve the operating environment, reduce the engineering cost and ensure the construction quality by adopting the mechanized supporting equipment of the full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel drilling and blasting construction, and particularly relates to a full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo of class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels.
Background
In the tunnel construction engineering, "new Olympic method" is a common construction method, and smooth blasting is a key link in the construction process of the "new Olympic method", and mainly means that by correctly selecting blasting parameters and a reasonable construction method, the sectional differential blasting is carried out, so that the contour line after blasting meets the design requirement, and the blank surface is smooth and regular. Traditional manual excavation bores the method construction of exploding, and the labour drops into much, and intensity of labour is big, and construction environment is abominable, and the lower and construction safety risk of efficiency of construction is high. With the continuous progress of tunnel construction technology in China, more and more tunnels are constructed mechanically, and the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling trolley is gradually applied to tunnel mechanical construction by virtue of the characteristics of high mechanical level, less excavation time consumption, high efficiency, safe construction and the like. A fully-computerized three-arm drill jumbo is a drilling equipment adopting drilling and blasting method for tunnel engineering construction, can move and support multiple rock drills to drill holes simultaneously, and a working mechanism mainly comprises a propeller, a drill arm, a swing mechanism and a translation mechanism.
In a plurality of large-scale tunnel engineering construction projects, how to effectively combine mechanized construction operation and the bare blasting technology for tunnel construction becomes a problem faced by each construction unit. Adopt three-armed drill jumbo to carry out in the tunnel construction engineering at present, section about being used for the tunnel more, the bench method is blasted and is constructed, it has certain advantage to compare traditional artifical drilling and development blasting construction, but to III, in the IV level country rock tunnel engineering, tunnel construction often adopts full-computerized three-armed drill jumbo to carry out full section blasting construction, compare section from top to bottom, the bench method construction gives play to three-armed drill jumbo construction more fast, the location is accurate, the characteristics such as improvement light explosion effect, tunnel full section construction often than section from top to bottom, the bench method construction is convenient and fast more, thereby improve tunnel tunnelling efficiency, economic benefits is showing. Therefore, the method is very important for researching the full-face smooth blasting construction method of the three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the full-face large-face tunnel of the class III and IV surrounding rocks. In view of the above background, in order to ensure the construction safety of class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section tunnels, fully exert the construction advantages of full-section rapid drilling of a full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo, control the deformation of surrounding rocks and reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rocks, the invention provides a full-section smooth blasting construction method of the full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo suitable for class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for a full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo of class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels. The invention is suitable for the full-section-method smooth blasting excavation of III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels, fully utilizes the characteristics of advanced geological prediction function, accurate positioning and quick construction of the full-computer three-arm rock drilling jumbo, can effectively control the damage of the smooth blasting to the surrounding rock, is convenient to control the overbreak and the underexcavation, adopts mechanical supporting equipment to improve the express tunneling efficiency and reduce the engineering cost.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo of class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels comprises the following steps:
s1, performing advanced geological forecast and tunnel face geological information acquisition on a tunnel by using a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling trolley before excavation, and acquiring tunnel surrounding rock geological information in time to ensure the safety of a construction operation face; further, the main contents of advanced geological forecast include: detecting front underground water, stratum lithology and geological structure, comprehensively analyzing and researching, and adjusting and determining construction methods and parameters.
S2, measuring and paying off, and determining a tunnel excavation contour line and a tunnel center line; accurately marking the positions of the blastholes on the excavated section according to the blasthole arrangement diagram; wherein: peripheral blastholes are arranged along the contour line of the tunnel excavation section, and the arrangement of inner ring holes meets the requirement of peripheral blasthole resistance lines; the other auxiliary blastholes are uniformly arranged between the inner ring holes and the cut holes in a staggered manner, and the distance between the auxiliary blastholes and the cut holes meets the requirement of blasting the rock bulkiness; the eyeground of the peripheral blasthole and the auxiliary blasthole are on the same vertical plane, and the cutting hole is deepened by 10-20 cm.
S3, before drilling, guiding the shot hole arrangement diagram into a computer of the three-arm drill jumbo, positioning the three-arm drill jumbo through positioning marks pre-embedded in a tunnel side wall, enabling the three-arm drill jumbo to be parallel to the axis of the tunnel, and drilling holes according to the shot hole arrangement diagram after the three-arm drill jumbo is in place; as a preferred technical scheme, in the drilling process of the three-arm drill jumbo, the drilling precision requirements on the cut hole and the peripheral blast hole are higher than those of other holes; the allowable deviation of the eye-opening distance and the depth of the cut hole is 5cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the auxiliary blasthole and the eye ground is 10cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the peripheral blastholes is 5cm, the outer slope is not greater than 3% -5% of the hole depth, and the eyeground is not greater than 10cm of the contour line of the excavated section.
S4, after hole cleaning and charging are carried out on the blast hole after hole drilling is finished, a blasting circuit is connected, construction is carried out by adopting a smooth blasting method, the excavated section is a large section, the drilling and blasting design is corrected in time by adopting a laser profiler on the section, overbreak and underbreak are strictly controlled, and blasting design optimization is continuously carried out; the blasted surrounding rock surface is smooth and free of underexcavation; when the blind misfire occurs, the reason of the blind misfire is found out in time;
s5, after blasting, timely constructing primary support, detecting ground penetrating radar after the primary support is finished, and timely adopting grouting and backfilling when the cavity condition behind the primary support is found; and then carrying out concealed inspection, inverted arch and filling construction, secondary lining construction and maintenance.
Preferably, in step S4, the hole cleaning method is: firstly, picking out stone chips in a blast hole by using a blast hook bent by a steel bar, and then inputting high-pressure air to blow the blast hole clean; the charging method comprises the following steps: the loading amount determined according to the blast hole arrangement diagram is carried out from top to bottom; all blastholes are plugged by stemming, and the plugging length is not less than 20cm; the peripheral blastholes are filled at intervals, detonating explosive is indexed, 3-5 detonators are arranged on the peripheral blastholes and are wound on the first explosive roll together with the detonating fuse by using adhesive tapes, and disturbance of blasting on surrounding rocks is reduced.
Preferably, in step S4, the detonation network is a multiple network to ensure reliability and accuracy of detonation; the detonating tube can not be knotted and thinned during connection, and the connection times of the blasting hole detonators are the same; the detonating detonator is bound at a position more than 10cm away from the free end of the detonating tube cluster by using a black tape; the connection of the detonating network adopts: detonating cord → detonator of detonating tube → nonelectric millisecond detonator; after the network is connected, a specially-assigned person is responsible for checking;
preferably, in step S4, the blasting order of the tunnel blasting blastholes is cut hole → auxiliary blasthole → inner circle hole, bottom plate hole → peripheral blasthole, the peripheral blasthole is blasted by detonating fuse; detonating the collapse holes layer by layer from inside to outside; and (3) adopting a plurality of sections of differential millisecond detonators for detonation from inside to outside, wherein peripheral blastholes jump 2 sections than auxiliary blastholes at an interval of 50-110 milliseconds, and the same section of detonators and detonating cords are connected for simultaneous detonation.
Preferably, in step S4, after smooth blasting, blasting smoke through ventilation, checking to confirm air is qualified, waiting for 15min, entering the operation site by an original loader, checking whether a blind shot exists, whether a residual blasting device and surrounding rock are stable, finding a dangerous situation, and timely and properly processing; when a blind shot occurs, if the blind shot is caused by the damage of the detonating tube outside the hole, the damaged part is cut off and the detonating tube is reconnected, but the joint is close to the shot hole as much as possible; if the blind shot is caused in the hole, the following treatment measures are adopted: the stemming is blown out by high-pressure air, the electric detonator is pulled out, then the explosive is blown out, and the hole is discarded.
Preferably, in step S4, the blasting effect is checked after each blasting, the blasting parameters are corrected in time by analyzing reasons, the blasting effect is improved, and technical and economic indexes are improved; according to the development of the rock stratum joint crack and the soft and hard lithology conditions, the eye distance and the dosage, in particular to peripheral blast holes, are corrected; correcting the charging parameters according to the size of the lumpiness of the blasted ballast; and correcting the drilling depth according to the concave-convex condition of the excavation surface, so that the blasting eyeground basically falls on the same section.
Preferably, in step S4, the tunnel underexcavation is determined by using a direct ruler method, using the secondary lining steel frame as a reference, and when the special trolley for laying the waterproof board moves, using a ruler to measure the minimum distance from the point to be determined to the profile rigid frame, and considering the thickness of the sprayed concrete, so as to determine the underexcavation value.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The fully computerized three-arm drill jumbo disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out smooth blasting excavation on III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-section tunnels by a full section method, and the damage of blasting construction to the surrounding rock of the tunnel is effectively controlled, so that the self-stability capability of the surrounding rock is fully exerted.
(2) The invention adopts mechanized corollary equipment such as a full-computer three-arm rock drilling trolley and the like, greatly improves the tunnel excavation efficiency, ensures the construction safety, is convenient to control the over-and-under excavation of the tunnel and reduces the engineering cost.
(3) The technical scheme adopted by the invention is also suitable for the micro-step method smooth blasting construction of the large-section tunnel.
(4) According to the technical scheme, the fully-computerized three-arm drill jumbo is adopted to replace the traditional manual drilling and blasting method for construction, the problems of drilling position, hole depth, drilling quantity and the like can be accurately controlled, explosives can be saved while smooth blasting effect is guaranteed, blasting parameters are optimized, the excavation quality is reliable, the construction cost is saved, and the economic benefit is obvious.
(5) The technical scheme of the invention can continuously optimize the blasting design according to the field construction condition, and each blast hole adopts the non-electric millisecond detonator differential initiation technology, thereby not only controlling the initiation explosive quantity of a single-section detonator, but also effectively controlling the initiation time among each section of detonator, and leading the blasting shock waves not to be superposed.
(6) By adopting the technical scheme, the construction period of the large-section tunnel engineering can be greatly shortened, the mechanized construction of the tunnel is realized on the basis of ensuring the tunnel excavation quality, the labor input is reduced, the construction risk is reduced, the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious, and the method has certain popularization significance for similar large-section tunnel engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a full-section method construction process in a full-section smooth blasting construction method of a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo suitable for class III and IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels, which is related by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of arrangement of blast holes excavated by the medium-full section method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a full-section method excavation cut hole in the full-section smooth blasting construction method of the full-section three-arm rock drilling jumbo applicable to class III and IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for class III and IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels comprises the following steps:
s1, performing advanced geological forecast and tunnel face geological information acquisition on a tunnel by using a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling trolley before excavation, and acquiring tunnel surrounding rock geological information in time to ensure the safety of a construction operation face; further, the main contents of advanced geological forecast include: detecting front underground water, stratum lithology and geological structure, comprehensively analyzing and researching, and adjusting and determining construction methods and parameters.
S2, measuring and setting out, and determining a tunnel excavation contour line and a tunnel center line; accurately marking the positions of the blastholes on the excavated section according to the blasthole arrangement diagram; wherein: the peripheral blastholes are arranged along the contour line of the tunnel excavation section, and the arrangement of the inner ring holes meets the requirement of peripheral blasthole resistance line; the other auxiliary blastholes are uniformly arranged between the inner ring holes and the cut holes in a staggered manner, and the distance between the auxiliary blastholes and the cut holes meets the requirement of blasting the rock bulkiness; the eyeground of the peripheral blasthole and the auxiliary blasthole are on the same vertical plane, and the cutting hole is deepened by 10-20 cm.
The tunnel full-section excavation adopts a smooth blasting technology, the excavation section adopts a laser profiler, the drilling and blasting design is corrected in time, and the overbreak and the underpreak are strictly controlled. The full-face construction utilizes a three-arm drill jumbo to drill holes, and peripheral blastholes are subjected to smooth blasting. The smoothie blasting parameters are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 smooth blasting parameter table
S3, before drilling, guiding the shot hole arrangement diagram into a computer of the three-arm drill jumbo, positioning the three-arm drill jumbo through positioning marks pre-embedded in a tunnel side wall, enabling the three-arm drill jumbo to be parallel to the axis of the tunnel, and drilling holes according to the shot hole arrangement diagram after the three-arm drill jumbo is in place; as a preferred technical scheme, in the drilling process of the three-arm drill jumbo, the drilling precision requirements on the cut hole and the peripheral blast hole are higher than those of other holes; the allowable deviation of the distance between the eyes and the depth of the cutting hole is 5cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the auxiliary blasthole and the eye ground is 10cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the peripheral blastholes is 5cm, the outer slope is not greater than 3% -5% of the hole depth, and the eyeground is not greater than 10cm of the contour line of the excavated section.
S4, cleaning and charging the blast hole after the drilling is finished: before charging, high-pressure air must be input by a gun hook made of steel bars and a small-diameter high-pressure air pipe to scrape out and blow off the stone chips in the blast holes; the explosive charging is divided into groups, the explosive charging is carried out from top to bottom according to the explosive charge determined by a blast hole design drawing, and the detonator is arranged in a seat in a number-matching way. All blastholes are plugged by stemming, and the plugging length is not less than 20cm. The peripheral blastholes are loaded at intervals, detonating explosive is indexed, 3-5 detonators are arranged on the peripheral blastholes and are wound on the first explosive roll together with the detonating fuse by using adhesive tapes, and disturbance of blasting on the surrounding rock is reduced;
connecting a detonation network: the detonation network is a duplex network to ensure the reliability and accuracy of detonation; the detonating tube can not be knotted and attenuated during connection, and the connection times of the blast hole detonators are the same; the detonating detonator is bound at a position more than 10cm away from the free end of the detonating tube cluster by using a black tape; the connection of the detonation network adopts: detonating cord → detonating tube detonator → detonating network of non-electric millisecond detonator; after the network is connected, the specially-assigned person is responsible for checking;
construction is carried out by adopting a smooth blasting method, and the blasting sequence of the tunnel blasting blastholes is that a cut hole → an auxiliary blasthole → an inner ring hole, a bottom plate hole → a peripheral blasthole which is blasted by adopting a detonating cord; detonating the collapse holes layer by layer from inside to outside; and (3) detonating by adopting a plurality of sections of differential millisecond detonators from inside to outside, wherein the peripheral blastholes jump 2 sections compared with the auxiliary blastholes, the interval time is 50-110 milliseconds, and the same section of detonators and the detonating cord are connected and detonated simultaneously. After smooth blasting, blasting smoke is blown away through ventilation, after the air is checked and confirmed to be qualified, the original explosive loader enters an operation site to check for 15min, whether a blind shot exists or not, whether residual blasting equipment and surrounding rock stable conditions exist or not are checked, a dangerous situation is found, and the blasting smoke is timely and properly processed; the blasting effect is checked after each blasting, the blasting parameters are corrected in time by analyzing reasons, the blasting effect is improved, and technical and economic indexes are improved; according to the development of the rock stratum joint crack and the soft and hard lithology conditions, the eye distance and the dosage, in particular to peripheral blast holes, are corrected; correcting the charging parameters according to the size of the lumpiness of the blasted ballast; and correcting the drilling depth according to the concave-convex condition of the excavation surface, so that the blasting eyeground basically falls on the same section. Continuously optimizing blasting design; when a blind misfire occurs, the reason of the blind misfire can be found out in time. If the explosion is a blind explosion caused by the damage of the detonating tube outside the hole, cutting off the damaged part and reconnecting the detonating tube, wherein the joint is close to the blasthole as much as possible; if the blind shot is caused in the hole, the following treatment measures are adopted: blowing out the stemming by high-pressure air, pulling out the electric detonator, blowing out the explosive and abandoning the hole. The country rock face after the blasting guarantees that the circle is in the same direction as level and smooth not have and is owes to dig, and the tunnel allows to surpass to dig the value see table 2 below:
TABLE 2 allowable overexcavation value for tunnel
Note: 1. the instrument is suitable for tunnels with blast hole depth not greater than 3.0 m. When the depth of the blast hole is more than 3.0m, the blast hole can be additionally specified according to the actual situation; 2. the tunnel overbreak and underbreak is measured by adopting a direct ruler method, a secondary lining outline steel frame is used as a reference, when a special trolley for laying the waterproof board moves, the minimum distance from a point to be measured to the outline steel frame is measured by a ruler, and the thickness of sprayed concrete is considered to determine the overbreak and underbreak value.
S5, after blasting, timely constructing primary support, detecting ground penetrating radar after the primary support is completed, and timely adopting grouting and backfilling when the cavity condition behind the primary support is found; and then carrying out hidden inspection, inverted arch and filling construction, secondary lining construction and maintenance.
The full-section smooth blasting construction parameters are not invariable, the numerical values proposed in the technical scheme are theoretical and empirical numerical values, the effects of the parameters released by the influences of the surrounding rock grade, the joint crack, the charging quality, the personnel operation and the like of each tunnel are different, and each parameter needs to be adjusted according to the on-site blasting effect during actual construction, so that the optimal effect is achieved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, it should be noted that the skilled person in the art can make modifications to the present embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but should be protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A full-section smooth blasting construction method suitable for a full-computerized three-arm drill jumbo of class III and class IV surrounding rock large-section railway tunnels is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, performing advanced geological forecast and tunnel face geological information acquisition on a tunnel by using a full-computerized three-arm rock drilling trolley before excavation, and acquiring tunnel surrounding rock geological information in time to ensure the safety of a construction operation face;
s2, measuring and setting out, and determining a tunnel excavation contour line and a tunnel center line; accurately marking the positions of the blastholes on the excavated section according to the blasthole arrangement diagram; wherein: peripheral blastholes are arranged along the contour line of the tunnel excavation section, and the arrangement of inner ring holes meets the requirement of peripheral blasthole resistance lines; the other auxiliary blastholes are uniformly arranged between the inner ring holes and the cut holes in a staggered manner, and the distance between the auxiliary blastholes and the cut holes meets the requirement of blasting the rock bulkiness; the peripheral blastholes and the eyeground of the auxiliary blastholes are on the same vertical plane, and the slotted holes are deepened by 10-20 cm;
s3, before drilling, guiding the shot hole arrangement diagram into a computer of the three-arm drill jumbo, positioning the three-arm drill jumbo through positioning marks pre-embedded in a tunnel side wall, enabling the three-arm drill jumbo to be parallel to the axis of the tunnel, and drilling holes according to the shot hole arrangement diagram after the three-arm drill jumbo is in place;
s4, after hole cleaning and charging are carried out on the blast hole after hole drilling is finished, a detonating network is connected, construction is carried out by adopting a smooth blasting method, and blasting design optimization is continuously carried out; the blasted surrounding rock surface is smooth and free of underexcavation; when a blind misfire occurs, finding out the reason of the blind misfire in time; wherein: the charging method comprises the following steps: the loading amount determined according to the shot hole arrangement diagram is carried out from top to bottom; all blastholes are plugged by stemming, and the plugging length is not less than 20cm; the peripheral blastholes are loaded at intervals, detonating explosive is indexed, 3-5 detonators are arranged on the peripheral blastholes and are wound on the first explosive roll together with the detonating fuse by using adhesive tapes, and disturbance of blasting on the surrounding rock is reduced; the blasting hole is initiated in the sequence of a cut hole → an auxiliary blasting hole → an inner ring hole, a bottom plate hole → a peripheral blasting hole which is initiated by a detonating fuse; detonating the caving hole layer by layer from inside to outside; detonating by adopting a plurality of sections of differential millisecond detonators from inside to outside, wherein the peripheral blastholes jump 2 sections compared with the auxiliary blastholes, the interval time is 50-110 milliseconds, and the same section of detonators and the detonating cord are connected and detonated simultaneously;
s5, after blasting, timely constructing primary support, detecting ground penetrating radar after the primary support is finished, and timely adopting grouting and backfilling when the cavity condition behind the primary support is found; and then carrying out hidden inspection, inverted arch and filling construction, secondary lining construction and maintenance.
2. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: in step S1, the main contents of advanced geological prediction include: detecting front underground water, stratum lithology and geological structure, comprehensively analyzing and researching, and adjusting and determining construction methods and parameters.
3. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: in the step S3, in the drilling process of the three-arm drill jumbo, the allowable deviation of the eye opening distance and the depth of the cut hole is 5cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the auxiliary blasthole and the eye ground is 10cm; the allowable deviation of the distance between the peripheral blastholes is 5cm, the outer slope is not greater than 3% -5% of the hole depth, and the eyeground is not greater than 10cm of the contour line of the excavated section.
4. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: in step S4, the hole cleaning method includes: firstly, the broken stone in the blasthole is scraped out, and then high-pressure air is input to blow the blasthole clean.
5. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: in step S4, the detonating network is a multiplex network, the detonating tube can not be knotted and attenuated when in connection, and the connection times of the blasting hole detonators are the same; the connection of the detonating network adopts: detonating cord → detonating primer → non-electric millisecond primer detonating network; after the network is connected, the specially-assigned person is responsible for checking.
6. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: s4, after smooth blasting, ventilating to blow off blasting smoke, checking to confirm that air is qualified, waiting for 15min, entering an operation site by an original explosive loader to check whether a blind blasting exists, whether residual blasting equipment exists and surrounding rock stability conditions exist, finding out a dangerous situation, and properly processing in time; when a blind shot occurs, if the blind shot is caused by the damage of the detonating tube outside the hole, the damaged part is cut off and the detonating tube is reconnected, but the joint is close to the shot hole as much as possible; if the blind shot is caused in the hole, the following treatment measures are adopted: blowing out the stemming by high-pressure air, pulling out the electric detonator, blowing out the explosive and abandoning the hole.
7. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: step S4, checking the blasting effect after each blasting, analyzing reasons, correcting the blasting parameters in time, improving the blasting effect and improving technical and economic indexes; according to the development of the rock stratum joint crack and the soft and hard lithology conditions, the eye distance and the dosage, in particular to peripheral blast holes, are corrected; correcting the charging parameters according to the size of the granularity of the blasted ballast; and correcting the drilling depth according to the concave-convex condition of the excavation surface, so that the blasting eyeground basically falls on the same section.
8. The full-face smooth blasting construction method suitable for the full-computerized three-arm rock drilling jumbo for the III-grade and IV-grade surrounding rock large-face railway tunnels according to claim 1, and is characterized in that: in the step S4, the tunnel overbreak and underbreak is measured by adopting a direct ruler method, a secondary lining steel frame is used as a reference, when the special trolley for laying the waterproof board moves, the minimum distance from a point to be measured to the outline steel frame is measured by using a ruler, and the thickness of sprayed concrete is considered so as to determine the overbreak and underbreak value.
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| CN114109396B (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2023-09-15 | 四川省交通建设集团股份有限公司 | Super-long deep-buried tunnel excavation method applying three-arm rock drilling trolley and smooth blasting |
| CN114352300B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-02-02 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Digital drilling and blasting excavation system and excavation method |
| CN114166082B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-09-15 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling hole combination accurate control blasting structure and construction process |
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