CN112907159B - Method and device for transferring inventory items - Google Patents

Method and device for transferring inventory items Download PDF

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CN112907159B
CN112907159B CN201911135054.8A CN201911135054A CN112907159B CN 112907159 B CN112907159 B CN 112907159B CN 201911135054 A CN201911135054 A CN 201911135054A CN 112907159 B CN112907159 B CN 112907159B
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徐文杰
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Beijing Jingdong Qianshi Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for allocating inventory items, and relates to the technical field of warehouse logistics. One embodiment of the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; and constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles. According to the method and the device, the technical problem that the articles are scattered in the prior art is solved, the articles are prevented from being lost in the transferring process, the transferring efficiency is improved, and the transferring cost is reduced.

Description

Method and device for transferring inventory items
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of warehouse logistics, in particular to a method and a device for allocating inventory items.
Background
With the rise of the B2C (Business to Customer) e-commerce platform, the two-stage warehouse network supply chain (i.e., supplier→center house→front house→consumer) has also been rapidly developed due to the greatly shortened flow time of the articles from the manufacturing end to the consumer end.
The two-stage warehouse network supply chain mainly comprises: the central warehouse and the corresponding front warehouses serve the customer demands in the jurisdiction of the central warehouse according to the physical space position of the central warehouse. The central bin is responsible for supplementing goods to the corresponding front bins besides serving the customer demands in the jurisdiction of the central bin so as to ensure that the front bins have enough inventory to timely perform the customer demands in the jurisdiction of the central bin.
The goods are allocated between the central bin and the corresponding front bin, wherein forward allocation refers to conveying the goods from the central bin to the corresponding front bins according to the requirements, and reverse allocation refers to returning the overstocked goods in the front bins to the corresponding central bin.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
1. The forward transfer method in the prior art mainly adopts the idea of replenishing goods and then transferring, and transfers the goods too scattered, so that the transfer cost is increased;
2. In the prior art, the vehicles are only arranged regularly to transport the backlogged articles from each front bin to the corresponding central bin, a reasonable reverse allocation scheme is not considered, and the reverse allocation efficiency of the backlogged articles is low, so that the inventory cost of the front bins is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for transferring inventory items, which can avoid the situation that the transferred items are too scattered in the prior art by constructing a forward transfer model based on the constraint of the minimum transfer amount, thereby avoiding the loss of the items in the transfer process, improving the transfer efficiency, and reducing the transfer cost.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for transferring an inventory item, including:
Acquiring the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information;
determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
And constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the minimum transfer quantity constraint of the similar required articles.
Further, the history demand information includes: lead time, lead period, historical demand average, and safety stock level.
Further, the step of determining the supply relationship between the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin according to the types and the numbers of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin comprises the following steps: the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin is determined according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the demand items, and the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin is determined according to the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the front bin and the demand items corresponding to the central bin.
Further, the constraints may include one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints and transportation cost constraints.
Further, the method for allocating the inventory items further comprises the following steps: and acquiring the physical space layout of the central bin and the corresponding front bin, wherein the central bin is at least one stage, and each central bin corresponds to at least one front bin.
Further, the method for allocating the inventory items further comprises the following steps:
determining the types and the quantity of the backlog articles according to the types and the quantity of the inventory articles and the demand articles in the front bin, and sorting according to the quantity of the backlog articles;
Determining the types and the quantities of the articles to be returned according to the types and the quantities of the articles to be backlogged, the inventory quantities corresponding to the articles to be backlogged in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the articles to be backlogged and the article retention coefficient;
constructing a reverse allocation model according to the types and the quantity of the objects to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the objects to be returned to a central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse allocation model so as to allocate the inventory objects;
Wherein the return constraint condition comprises a to-be-returned item priority constraint, a delivery vehicle constraint and a delivery cost constraint.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for transferring an inventory item, including:
the inventory item type and quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring the types and quantities of inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
the type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information;
the supply relation determining module is used for determining the supply relation of the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the required items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
The forward transfer module is used for constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles; wherein the constraint condition comprises the minimum allocation amount of the similar required articles.
Further, the inventory item transferring device further includes:
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the types and quantity of the overstocked articles according to the types and quantity of the inventory articles and the required articles in the front bin and sequencing according to the quantity of the overstocked articles;
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the goods to be returned according to the type and quantity of the goods to be returned, the corresponding stock quantity of the goods to be returned in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the goods to be returned and the goods retention coefficient;
The reverse transfer module is used for constructing a reverse transfer model according to the types and the quantity of the articles to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the articles to be returned to the central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles; wherein the return constraint condition comprises a to-be-returned item priority constraint, a delivery vehicle constraint and a delivery cost constraint.
According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a terminal including:
One or more processors;
Storage means for storing one or more programs,
The one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a method of transferring inventory items as any one of the above.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a method of allocating an item of inventory as described above.
One embodiment of the above invention has the following advantages or benefits: because the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are acquired; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; the forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model, so that transfer of the inventory articles is realized, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the technical means of minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles, the technical problem that the transferred articles are overstocked in the existing transfer method is solved, the forward transfer model based on the minimum transfer quantity constraint is constructed, the situation that the transferred articles are overstocked in the prior art is avoided, the articles are prevented from losing in the transfer process, and the technical effects of improving transfer efficiency and reducing transfer cost are achieved.
Further effects of the above-described non-conventional alternatives are described below in connection with the embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the main flow of a method for transferring inventory items provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for transferring inventory items provided according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the primary modules of an inventory item transferring apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary system architecture diagram in which embodiments of the present invention may be applied;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a computer system suitable for use in implementing an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the present invention are included to facilitate understanding, and are to be considered merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the main flow of a method for transferring inventory items provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention; as shown in fig. 1, the method for allocating inventory items provided in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes:
Step S101, acquiring types and numbers of inventory items in a central bin and a front bin corresponding to the central bin.
Step S102, determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information.
Wherein, the type and the quantity of the required articles in the bin refer to the type and the required quantity of the corresponding articles in the bin.
Specifically, the above-described history demand information includes: lead time, lead period, historical demand average, and safety stock level.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the demand distribution function of the articles in each warehouse is constructed according to the historical demand information, namely, the demand of the articles j in the warehouse i is assumed to obey the positive too distributionThe average value mu ij and the standard deviation delta ij are obtained according to statistics of the demand of the object j in the district of the warehouse i in the past three months, and it is to be noted that the three months are only an example, and the demand in the past period of time can be selected for calculation according to the actual condition during actual treatment; and then calculating according to the safety stock level, the ordering advance period, the ordering period and the obtained historical demand average value to obtain the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
Ordering cycle: refers to the period of time from the issuance of an order until the receipt of an object.
Lead-in of order: refers to the period of time from the confirmation of the order requirement until the receipt of the entity.
Safety Stock (SS) level is also called Safety storage, and is referred to as insurance Stock, which refers to the amount of insurance Stock (buffer Stock) that is expected to prevent uncertainty factors (such as a large number of sudden orders, sudden delays in delivery, increased temporary usage, delivery overdue, etc.), and is used to meet lead demand. According to an embodiment of the invention, the safety stock level is determined according to the customer service level of the warehouse, the standard deviation of the historical demand and the lead time of the order.
Step S103, determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the required items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
Through the arrangement, the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin can be determined, whether the central bin has the capacity of supplying goods to the corresponding front bin or not can be known, or the quantity of the required quantity can be provided, so that the follow-up establishment of a forward transfer model is facilitated, and the specific transfer quantity is determined.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the supply relationship between the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin according to the types and the numbers of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin includes: the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin is determined according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the demand items, and the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin is determined according to the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the front bin and the demand items corresponding to the central bin.
Specifically, according to the embodiment of the present invention, for each required article in the front-end bin, the central bin deducts the required amount of the type of article in the district supplied by the central bin based on the current inventory level (i.e. the inventory amount of the article corresponding to the central bin), and if the current inventory level is insufficient to fulfill the requirement in the district, the allocation amount of the central bin to the type of article in the front-end bin corresponding to the current inventory level is 0. In particular by a max function.
Step S104, a forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the required articles to the corresponding front bin of the central bin, wherein the constraint conditions comprise minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles.
Specifically, the forward transfer model is solved to obtain a forward transfer scheme, and the required articles are conveyed to a front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer scheme so as to realize forward transfer of the inventory articles. Through setting up minimum transfer volume constraint, can guarantee that the centre bin is too scattered to the quantity lower limit of the article of leading storehouse transfer rather than corresponding, avoided transferring article, lead to easily omitting or missing, effectively reduced transfer cost.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above constraint further includes one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints and transportation cost constraints. By the arrangement, the allocation cost of the inventory items is further reduced, and the utilization rate of the transport vehicle is fully improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for allocating inventory items further includes: and acquiring the physical space layout of the central bin and the corresponding front bin, wherein the central bin is at least one stage, and each central bin corresponds to at least one front bin.
For the multi-stage central bins, each upper-stage central bin corresponds to at least one lower-stage central bin, and the method for allocating inventory articles between the upper-stage central bin and the lower-stage central bin is consistent with the method for allocating articles between the central bin and the corresponding front-stage bin; the center bin of the last stage corresponds to at least one front bin.
Further, the method for allocating the inventory items provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
determining the types and the quantity of the backlog articles according to the types and the quantity of the inventory articles and the demand articles in the front bin, and sorting according to the quantity of the backlog articles;
Determining the types and the quantities of the articles to be returned according to the types and the quantities of the articles to be backlogged, the inventory quantities corresponding to the articles to be backlogged in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the articles to be backlogged and the article retention coefficient;
constructing a reverse allocation model according to the types and the quantity of the objects to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the objects to be returned to a central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse allocation model so as to allocate the inventory objects;
Wherein the return constraint condition comprises a to-be-returned item priority constraint, a delivery vehicle constraint and a delivery cost constraint.
Specifically, the backlog may be ordered in a non-ascending order. The priority of reverse allocation is determined by non-ascending sorting of the accumulated articles in the front bin, so that the articles with more accumulated pressure in the front bin can be allocated back to the central bin in time, and further allocation is facilitated.
It should be noted that, according to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be performed by the same batch of transportation vehicles, that is, for the same front-end warehouse, the vehicles performing the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be the same vehicle or the same batch of vehicles, so that the utilization rate of transportation resources is effectively improved.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are acquired; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; the forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model, so that transfer of the inventory articles is realized, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the technical means of minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles, the technical problem that the transferred articles are overstocked in the existing transfer method is solved, the forward transfer model based on the minimum transfer quantity constraint is constructed, the situation that the transferred articles are overstocked in the prior art is avoided, the articles are prevented from losing in the transfer process, and the technical effects of improving transfer efficiency and reducing transfer cost are achieved.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for transferring inventory items provided according to a second embodiment of the invention; as shown in fig. 2, the method for allocating inventory items provided in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes:
Step S201, the types and the numbers of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are obtained.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the types and the numbers of the inventory items are obtained, the method for allocating the inventory items further includes: warehouse set I and item set J are constructed.
Specifically, a two-stage warehouse network topology structure and a corresponding relation between warehouses and objects are described in a set expression mode, namely, a warehouse set I is constructed according to a warehouse physical space layout, and an object set J is constructed according to objects stored in each warehouse.
Step S202, determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information.
Specifically, the above-described history demand information includes: lead time, lead period, historical demand average, and safety stock level.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a demand distribution function of the articles in each warehouse is constructed according to the historical demand information, namely, the demand of the articles j in the district of the warehouse i is assumed to obey the forward distributionThe average value mu ij and the standard deviation delta ij are obtained according to statistics of the demand of the object j in the district of the warehouse i in the past three months, and it is to be noted that the three months are only an example, and the demand in the past period of time can be selected for calculation according to the actual condition during actual treatment; and then calculating according to the safety stock level, the ordering advance period, the ordering period and the obtained historical demand average value to obtain the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
The expression for the determined number of demand items is:
Wherein d ij represents the required quantity of the object j in the district of warehouse i; VLT (Vendor Lead Time) denotes an order lead period; t refers to the ordering cycle; mu ij refers to the historical demand average of item j in warehouse i jurisdiction; represents the safety stock level of item j in warehouse i, where C represents the customer service level of the warehouse and delta ij represents the historical demand standard deviation of item j in the jurisdiction of warehouse i. J i denotes the collection of items in warehouse i.
Step S203, determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the required items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
Through the arrangement, the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin can be determined, whether the central bin has the capacity of supplying goods to the corresponding front bin or not can be known, or the quantity of the required quantity can be provided, so that the follow-up establishment of a forward transfer model is facilitated, and the specific transfer quantity is determined.
The required article set to be transferred in the front bin is as follows:
Where inv ij represents the inventory of items j in warehouse i, when the demand is greater than the current inventory, then forward transfer from the central warehouse is required. i.e.I\ {0}, meaning that the formula considers only the pre-bin.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the supply relationship between the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin according to the types and the numbers of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding pre-bin includes: the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin is determined according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the demand items, and the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin is determined according to the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the front bin and the demand items corresponding to the central bin.
Specifically, according to the embodiment of the present invention, for each required article in the front-end bin, the central bin deducts the required amount of the type of article in the district supplied by the central bin based on the current inventory level (i.e. the inventory amount of the article corresponding to the central bin), and if the current inventory level is insufficient to fulfill the requirement in the district, the allocation amount of the central bin to the type of article in the front-end bin corresponding to the current inventory level is 0. Specifically, the determination can be made by the following formula:
Wherein tran ij represents the adjustable amount of item j in warehouse i; inv ij represents the inventory quantity of item j in warehouse i. i=0, meaning that the formula only considers the adjustable amount of the center bin.
Step S204, a forward direction transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, the forward direction transfer model is solved to obtain a forward direction transfer scheme, and the required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward direction transfer scheme, wherein the constraint conditions comprise minimum transfer quantity constraints of the similar required articles.
Through setting up minimum transfer volume constraint, can guarantee that the centre bin is too scattered to the quantity lower limit of the article of leading storehouse transfer rather than corresponding, avoided transferring article, lead to easily omitting or missing, effectively reduced transfer cost.
Specifically, according to the embodiment of the invention, firstly, a decision variable corresponding to a model is set, wherein a 0/1 decision variable x (i, j) is set, and when an article j is positively transferred from a central bin to a front bin i, the value of x (i, j) is 1; otherwise, namely when the article j is not allocated to the front bin i, the value 0 is taken; setting a non-negative integer decision variable y (i, j) to represent the allocation quantity of the central bin for positively allocating the article j to the front bin i; setting a non-negative integer decision variable delta 1 (i, j) to represent the out-of-stock quantity of an item j in the jurisdiction of the lead bin i; setting a non-negative integer decision variable delta 2 (i) to represent the loss of the partial volume of the delivery vehicle transferred from the central bin to the front bin i; a non-negative continuous decision variable δ 3 (i) is set to indicate the loss of the underfilled weight of the delivery vehicle transferred from the center bin to the lead bin i.
According to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin, constructing supply and demand balance constraint in each front bin district, namely limiting the demand of any article in any front bin district to be tracked by the local inventory of the front bin, or enabling the central bin to forward transfer the inventory articles to the front bin to track, otherwise, causing backorder, and constructing the following formula according to the supply relation constraint:
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above constraint further includes one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints and transportation cost constraints. By the arrangement, the allocation cost of the inventory items is further reduced, and the utilization rate of the transport vehicle is fully improved. i.e.I\ {0} means that only the pre-bin is considered.
The transportation vehicle constraints include transportation vehicle volume constraints and transportation vehicle weight constraints.
Constructing the following based on the delivery vehicle volume constraints:
Where V j represents the volume of item j and V max represents the maximum volumetric load of the delivery vehicle. The total volume of the transferred articles transferred to the front bin in the forward direction is limited by the volume constraint of the transport vehicle and cannot exceed the maximum volume load of the transport vehicle.
Constructing the following based on the weight constraints of the delivery vehicle:
Where W j represents the volume of item j and W max represents the maximum weight load of the delivery vehicle. The total weight of the transferred articles being transferred from the center bin to the front bin is limited by the weight constraints of the transfer vehicle to not exceed the maximum weight load of the transfer vehicle.
Constructing the following formula based on the minimum transfer amount constraint:
Wherein L represents the lower limit threshold of the quantity of the same type of articles which are positively transferred to each front bin by the central bin, and can be adjusted according to practical situations, and according to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the recommended value range is L epsilon [5, 10].
Establishing a target function formula (8) of a forward transfer model based on the formula constructed by the constraint conditions, wherein the forward transfer model indicates the lowest transfer cost:
Wherein λ 1 e [0,1] represents the backorder loss cost target coefficient, λ2 e [0,1] represents the capacity loss cost target coefficient, and λ 1+λ2 =1 is satisfied.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for allocating inventory items further includes: and acquiring the physical space layout of the central bin and the corresponding front bin, wherein the central bin is at least one stage, and each central bin corresponds to at least one front bin.
For the multi-stage central bins, each upper-stage central bin corresponds to at least one lower-stage central bin, and the method for allocating inventory articles between the upper-stage central bin and the lower-stage central bin is consistent with the method for allocating articles between the central bin and the corresponding front-stage bin; the center bin of the last stage corresponds to at least one front bin.
Step S205, determining the types and the numbers of the backlog articles according to the types and the numbers of the inventory articles and the demand articles in the front bin, and performing non-ascending sort according to the numbers of the backlog articles.
The priority of reverse allocation is determined by non-ascending sorting of the accumulated articles in the front bin, so that the articles with more accumulated pressure in the front bin can be allocated back to the central bin in time, and further allocation is facilitated.
The aggregate of backlog items is:
Wherein, alpha epsilon [0.05,0.1] represents the reverse allocation discrimination coefficient of the backlog object, namely, if the demand of a certain object in a certain pre-bin is lower than alpha times of the current inventory quantity, the backlog object needs to be reversely allocated to the central bin corresponding to the pre-bin. Wherein, the accumulated articles in the front bin i are subjected to non-ascending sort according to the quantity of the required returned articles.
Step S206, determining the types and the amounts of the articles to be returned according to the types and the amounts of the backlogged articles, the inventory amounts corresponding to the backlogged articles in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the backlogged articles and the article retention coefficient.
Articles (i.e. backlog articles) in the front bin i_back to be reversely transferredThe number of the needed reverse allocation is max {0, inv i_back,j_back-β·di_back,j_back }, i_back represents the index of the current pre-bin, and the sequencing of the pre-bins with more overstocked articles is recorded; beta epsilon [2,5] represents the article retention coefficient of the backlogged article, namely beta times the demand of the front bin for retaining the backlogged article j, and the rest part is reversely transferred to the central bin. The value of the retention coefficient is not particularly limited, and may be set according to actual conditions.
Step S207, a reverse allocation model is constructed according to the types and the quantity of the objects to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and the objects to be returned are conveyed to the central bins corresponding to the front bins according to the reverse allocation model so as to realize the reverse allocation of the inventory objects.
According to the embodiment of the invention, for the articles to be returned in each front bin, non-ascending sort is performed according to the return constraint conditions (namely, the quantity of the backlogged articles is sorted, and the backlogged articles are reversely allocated to the central bin in preference).
First, a to-be-returned item index j_back=1 is initialized, and a conveyance vehicle state recorder < V load,Wload > is defined, where V load represents a loaded item volume, an initial value is 0, w load is a loaded item number, and initialization is also 0.
Next, whether the current transport vehicle has the loading capacity is determined, if the current transport vehicle does not have the loading capacity (i.e., V max-Vload＜νj_back or W max-Wload＜wj_back), the next transport vehicle is determined, and if all the transport vehicles do not have the loading capacity, the reverse allocation scheme is determined according to the current loading capacity.
If the loading capacity is provided, the quantity n i_back,j_back of the articles j-back to be returned in the front bin i-back which can be reversely transferred in the reverse transfer process is determined, wherein,
If n i_back,j_back =0, let j_back=j_back+1, calculate the next kind and need to return the article; otherwise, updating the state of the delivery vehicle and the inventory level of the items to be returned in the current front bin, namely:
Vload＝Vload+ni_back,j_back·vj_back (11)
Wload＝Wload+ni_back,j_back·wj_back (12)
invi_back,j_back＝invi_back,j_back-ni_back,j_back (13)
At the position of In the case of (1), let j_back=j_back+1, circulate the above-mentioned step, until all the articles to be returned can be loaded, or the volume and/or weight of the transport vehicle is full (i.e. the transport vehicle is restrained), confirm the reverse transfer scheme, transfer the articles to be returned to the corresponding central warehouse of the front warehouse according to the reverse transfer scheme determined by the reverse transfer model (the formula determined by the above-mentioned restraint condition), in order to realize the reverse transfer of the articles in stock.
By the arrangement, the reverse allocation mode which comprehensively considers the relation between the physical attribute limit (the volume and the loading capacity of the transportation vehicle) and the returning priority is designed, and the allocation cost of reverse allocation is greatly reduced.
It should be noted that, according to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be performed by the same batch of transport vehicles, that is, for the same front-end warehouse, the vehicles performing the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be the same vehicle or the same batch of vehicles, so that the utilization rate of the transport capacity resource is effectively improved.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are acquired; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; the forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model, so that transfer of inventory articles is realized, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the technical means of minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles, the technical problem that the transferred articles are overstocked in the existing transfer method is solved, and further the technical effects that the situation that the transferred articles are overstocked in the prior art can be avoided by constructing the forward transfer model based on the minimum transfer quantity constraint, the articles are prevented from being lost in the transfer process, the transfer efficiency is improved, and the transfer cost is reduced are achieved.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the primary modules of an inventory item transferring apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 3, an apparatus 300 for allocating inventory items according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes:
The inventory item type and quantity obtaining module 301 is configured to obtain the type and quantity of inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
The type and quantity determining module 302 is configured to determine the type and quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information.
Specifically, the above-described history demand information includes: lead time, lead period, historical demand average, and safety stock level.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the type and quantity determining module 302 is configured to construct a demand distribution function of the items in each warehouse according to the historical demand information, that is, by assuming that the demand for the item j in the warehouse i obeys the positive too distributionThe average value mu ij and the standard deviation delta ij are obtained according to statistics of the demand of the object j in the district of the warehouse i in the past three months, and it is to be noted that the three months are only an example, and the demand in the past period of time can be selected for calculation according to the actual condition during actual treatment; and then calculating according to the safety stock level, the ordering advance period, the ordering period and the obtained historical demand average value to obtain the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin.
Ordering cycle: refers to the period of time from the issuance of an order until the receipt of an object.
Lead-in of order: refers to the period of time from the confirmation of the order requirement until the receipt of the entity.
Safety stock levels, also known as safety stock, refer to the amount of safety stock (buffer stock) that is anticipated to prevent uncertainty factors such as a number of sudden orders, sudden delays in delivery, increased temporary usage, delivery overdue, etc., and safety stock is used to meet lead demand. According to an embodiment of the invention, the safety stock level is determined according to the customer service level of the warehouse, the standard deviation of the historical demand and the lead time of the order.
The supply relation determining module 303 is configured to determine a supply relation between the central bin and its corresponding pre-bin according to the types and the number of the inventory items and the required items in the central bin and its corresponding pre-bin.
Through the arrangement, the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin can be determined, whether the central bin has the capacity of supplying goods to the corresponding front bin or not can be known, or the quantity of the required quantity can be provided, so that the follow-up establishment of a forward transfer model is facilitated, and the specific transfer quantity is determined.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the provisioning relationship determination module 303 is further configured to: the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin is determined according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the demand items, and the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin is determined according to the adjustable quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the front bin and the demand items corresponding to the central bin.
Specifically, according to the embodiment of the present invention, for each required article in the front-end bin, the central bin deducts the required amount of the type of article in the district supplied by the central bin based on the current inventory level (i.e. the inventory amount of the article corresponding to the central bin), and if the current inventory level is insufficient to fulfill the requirement in the district, the allocation amount of the central bin to the type of article in the front-end bin corresponding to the current inventory level is 0. In particular by a max function.
The forward direction transferring module 304 is configured to construct a forward direction transferring model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transferring constraint conditions, and transfer the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward direction transferring model, so as to transfer the inventory articles; wherein the constraint condition comprises the minimum allocation amount of the similar required articles.
Through setting up minimum transfer volume constraint, can guarantee that the centre bin is too scattered to the quantity lower limit of the article of leading storehouse transfer rather than corresponding, avoided transferring article, lead to easily omitting or missing, effectively reduced transfer cost.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above constraint further includes one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints and transportation cost constraints. By the arrangement, the allocation cost of the inventory items is further reduced, and the utilization rate of the transport vehicle is fully improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 300 for allocating inventory items further includes a physical space layout obtaining module, configured to obtain a physical space layout of a central bin and a corresponding pre-bin, where the central bin is at least one stage, and each central bin corresponds to at least one pre-bin.
For the multi-stage central bins, each upper-stage central bin corresponds to at least one lower-stage central bin, and the method for allocating inventory articles between the upper-stage central bin and the lower-stage central bin is consistent with the method for allocating articles between the central bin and the corresponding front-stage bin; the center bin of the last stage corresponds to at least one front bin.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 300 for transferring inventory items further includes:
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the types and quantity of the overstocked articles according to the types and quantity of the inventory articles and the required articles in the front bin and sequencing according to the quantity of the overstocked articles;
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the goods to be returned according to the type and quantity of the goods to be returned, the corresponding stock quantity of the goods to be returned in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the goods to be returned and the goods retention coefficient;
The reverse transfer module is used for constructing a reverse transfer model according to the types and the quantity of the articles to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the articles to be returned to the central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles; wherein the return constraint condition comprises a to-be-returned item priority constraint, a delivery vehicle constraint and a delivery cost constraint.
Specifically, the above-mentioned overstocked articles can be ordered by non-ascending order, and the priority of reverse allocation is determined by non-ascending order of the overstocked articles in the pre-bin, so that the articles with more overstocked in the pre-bin can be allocated to the center bin in time, so as to facilitate further allocation.
It should be noted that, according to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be performed by the same batch of transport vehicles, that is, for the same front-end warehouse, the vehicles performing the forward direction allocation and the reverse direction allocation can be the same vehicle or the same batch of vehicles, so that the utilization rate of the transport capacity resource is effectively improved.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are acquired; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; the forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model, so that transfer of the inventory articles is realized, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the technical means of minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles, the technical problem that the transferred articles are overstocked and scattered in the existing transfer method is solved, and the technical effects that the situation that the transferred articles are overstocked and scattered in the prior art can be avoided by constructing the forward transfer model based on the minimum transfer quantity constraint, the transfer efficiency is improved, and the transfer cost is reduced are achieved.
Fig. 4 illustrates an exemplary system architecture 400 of an inventory item transfer method or inventory item transfer device to which embodiments of the invention may be applied.
As shown in fig. 4, a system architecture 400 may include terminal devices 401, 402, 403, a network 404, and a server 405 (this architecture is merely an example, and the components contained in a particular architecture may be tailored to the application specific case). The network 404 is used as a medium to provide communication links between the terminal devices 401, 402, 403 and the server 405. The network 404 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, among others.
A user may interact with the server 405 via the network 404 using the terminal devices 401, 402, 403 to receive or send messages or the like. Various communication client applications, such as shopping class applications, web browser applications, search class applications, instant messaging tools, mailbox clients, social platform software, etc. (by way of example only) may be installed on the terminal devices 401, 402, 403.
The terminal devices 401, 402, 403 may be various electronic devices having a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, laptop and desktop computers, and the like.
The server 405 may be a server providing various services, such as a background management server (by way of example only) providing support for shopping-type websites browsed by users using the terminal devices 401, 402, 403. The background management server may analyze and process the received data such as the type and number of inventory items, the type and number of demand items, the supply relationship between the center bin and its corresponding front bin, and the like, and feed back the processing results (e.g., forward allocation model, reverse allocation model—only examples) to the terminal device.
It should be noted that, the method for allocating inventory items provided in the embodiment of the present invention is generally executed by the server 405, and accordingly, the apparatus for allocating inventory items is generally disposed in the server 405.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks and servers in fig. 4 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is illustrated a schematic diagram of a computer system 500 suitable for use in implementing an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device shown in fig. 5 is only an example, and should not impose any limitation on the functions and the scope of use of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the computer system 500 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 502 or a program loaded from a storage section 508 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data required for the operation of the system 500 are also stored. The CPU501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are connected to each other through a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output portion 507 including a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker, and the like; a storage portion 508 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The drive 510 is also connected to the I/O interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 510 as needed so that a computer program read therefrom is mounted into the storage section 508 as needed.
In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method shown in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication portion 509, and/or installed from the removable media 511. The above-described functions defined in the system of the present invention are performed when the computer program is executed by a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 501.
The computer readable medium shown in the present invention may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, however, the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with the computer-readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software or in hardware. The described modules may also be provided in a processor, for example, as: a processor includes a category and quantity acquisition module for inventory items, a category and quantity determination module for demand items, a supply relationship determination module, and a forward reconciliation module. The names of these modules do not limit the modules themselves in some cases, and for example, the module for acquiring the types and amounts of inventory items may also be described as "a module for acquiring the types and amounts of inventory items in a center bin and its corresponding front bin".
As another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium that may be contained in the apparatus described in the above embodiments; or may be present alone without being fitted into the device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by a device, cause the device to include: acquiring the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; and constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the minimum transfer quantity constraint of the similar required articles.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin are acquired; determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information; determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin; the forward transfer model is constructed according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and required articles are conveyed to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model, so that transfer of inventory articles is realized, wherein the constraint conditions comprise the technical means of minimum transfer quantity constraint of similar required articles, the technical problem that the transferred articles are overstocked in the existing transfer method is solved, and further the technical effects that the situation that the transferred articles are overstocked in the prior art can be avoided by constructing the forward transfer model based on the minimum transfer quantity constraint, the articles are prevented from being lost in the transfer process, the transfer efficiency is improved, and the transfer cost is reduced are achieved.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives can occur depending upon design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method of transferring an inventory item, comprising:
Acquiring the types and the quantity of the inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
Determining the types and the quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information;
determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
Constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin and transfer constraint conditions, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles, wherein the constraint conditions comprise minimum transfer quantity constraints of the similar required articles; the constraints further include one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints, transportation cost constraints; the delivery vehicle constraints include delivery vehicle volume constraints and delivery vehicle weight constraints;
The step of determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the demand items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of determining the adjustable quantity of inventory items in a central bin according to the types and the quantity of inventory items in the central bin and the quantity of demand items, and determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the adjustable quantity of inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of inventory items in the front bin and the quantity of demand items corresponding to the central bin.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the historical demand information comprises: lead time, lead period, historical demand average, and safety stock level.
3. The method of transferring inventory items of claim 1, further comprising: and acquiring physical space layout of the central bin and the corresponding front bin, wherein the central bin is at least one stage, and each central bin corresponds to at least one front bin.
4. A method of transferring an inventory item according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method of transferring an inventory item further comprises:
Determining the types and the quantity of the backlog articles according to the types and the quantity of the inventory articles and the demand articles in the front bin, and sorting according to the quantity of the backlog articles;
Determining the types and the quantities of the articles to be returned according to the types and the quantities of the backlogged articles, the inventory quantities corresponding to the backlogged articles in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the backlogged articles and the article retention coefficient;
Constructing a reverse allocation model according to the types and the quantity of the articles to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the articles to be returned to a central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse allocation model so as to allocate the articles in inventory;
Wherein the return constraint conditions comprise a priority constraint of the items to be returned, a transport vehicle constraint and a transport cost constraint.
5. An inventory item transferring apparatus, comprising:
the inventory item type and quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring the types and quantities of inventory items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the required articles in the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the historical demand information;
the supply relation determining module is used for determining the supply relation of the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the types and the quantity of the inventory items and the required items in the central bin and the corresponding front bin;
The forward transfer module is used for constructing a forward transfer model according to the supply relation and transfer constraint conditions of the central bin and the corresponding front bin, and conveying the required articles to the front bin corresponding to the central bin according to the forward transfer model so as to transfer the inventory articles; the constraint conditions comprise the minimum allocation quantity of similar required articles; the constraints further include one or more of the following: transportation vehicle constraints, transportation cost constraints; the delivery vehicle constraints include delivery vehicle volume constraints and delivery vehicle weight constraints;
The provisioning relationship determination module is further to: the method comprises the steps of determining the adjustable quantity of inventory items in a central bin according to the types and the quantity of inventory items in the central bin and the quantity of demand items, and determining the supply relation between the central bin and the corresponding front bin according to the adjustable quantity of inventory items in the central bin and the types and the quantity of inventory items in the front bin and the quantity of demand items corresponding to the central bin.
6. The inventory item transferring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the inventory item transferring apparatus further comprises:
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the overstocked articles according to the types and quantity of the inventory articles and the required articles in the front bin and sorting according to the quantity of the overstocked articles;
The type and quantity determining module is used for determining the type and quantity of the goods to be returned according to the type and quantity of the goods to be returned, the corresponding stock quantity of the goods to be returned in the front bin, the demand of the front bin for the goods to be returned and the goods retention coefficient;
the reverse transfer module is used for constructing a reverse transfer model according to the types and the quantity of the articles to be returned and the return constraint conditions, and conveying the articles to be returned to the central bin corresponding to the front bin according to the reverse transfer model so as to transfer the articles in stock; wherein the return constraint conditions comprise a priority constraint of the items to be returned, a transport vehicle constraint and a transport cost constraint.
7. A terminal, comprising:
One or more processors;
Storage means for storing one or more programs,
When executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to implement the method of any of claims 1-4.
8. A computer readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of claims 1-4.
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